CN210012773U - Solid organic waste composting device - Google Patents
Solid organic waste composting device Download PDFInfo
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- CN210012773U CN210012773U CN201920581586.3U CN201920581586U CN210012773U CN 210012773 U CN210012773 U CN 210012773U CN 201920581586 U CN201920581586 U CN 201920581586U CN 210012773 U CN210012773 U CN 210012773U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a solid organic waste compost device, including staving and the arch lid of being connected with the staving, be the space district that inverted circular truncated cone shape is on upper portion in the staving, middle part main part fermentation material district and lower part stock solution district, fermentation material district and stock solution district are separated through movable sieve, stock solution district upper portion sets up the spiral air intake, the spiral air intake passes through stock solution district and fermentation material district intercommunication, stock solution district lower part sets up the fluid-discharge tube, be provided with an at least ventilation pipe that inserts in the staving, evenly distributed has the ventilation hole on the ventilation pipe, ventilation pipe lower extreme minimum is located movable sieve, the upper end is higher than fermentation material district, the arch is covered and is provided with the spiral air outlet. The utility model is suitable for a dispersibility solid organic rubbish form homogeneity is not good, the difficult compost of heap body temperature humidity control, not only can handle the organic waste of extensive rural area of china, can also distributed resource utilization discarded object on the spot, realizes the organic waste of conversion nearby.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of urban and rural organic waste composting equipment, in particular to a dispersed solid organic waste composting device.
Background
In view of the fact that huge urban and rural organic solid waste resources exist in China, if the resources are not reasonably utilized, not only can the resources be greatly wasted, but also the environment can be seriously polluted, and the principle of recycling as much as possible should be adhered to in the treatment of the organic solid waste.
Aiming at rural kitchen waste, livestock and poultry breeding manure and the like, the areas with high collection difficulty and waste generation points and areas with useful fertilizer demands are greatly absorbed, oxidized and decomposed by an aerobic composting technology. There are many factors that affect composting, with moisture content, aeration and temperature having a greater effect on aerobic microorganisms. For a distributed small-sized composting system, the control of natural composting conditions is difficult, the composting is mostly piled in the open air only after a period of natural fermentation, the oxygen supply of the composting is completely realized by natural ventilation, the maintenance and management of the composting are rarely carried out, and because the fermentation process is uncontrollable, a large amount of pungent odor is generated to pollute the environment, and the technology is basically replaced by the modern composting technology. The modern composting technology is characterized in that mechanical composting equipment is used, and the whole process parameters of composting raw materials are adjusted in a proper range through manual control to form composts which are thoroughly decomposed stably and uniformly, however, most organic solid wastes in rural areas of China cannot be effectively classified and collected, and standardized collection and treatment are difficult to perform.
The existing related composting device (a kitchen waste composting barrel CN201811405441, published as 2019-02-15) has a good treatment effect on organic wastes with a good classification effect, but most domestic wastes in rural areas of China cannot be effectively classified, and the forms of solid materials are not controllable, so that the oxygen permeability of a fermentation pile body is difficult to control, water vapor generated by fermentation is difficult to effectively discharge, the uniformity of the decomposition process of organic fertilizers is poor, and the moisture, the oxygen content and the oxygen content in the fermentation process cannot be effectively regulated and controlled.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims to overcome the problems in the prior art and provide a solid organic waste composting device. The utility model is suitable for a dispersibility solid organic rubbish form homogeneity is not good, the difficult compost of heap body temperature humidity control, not only can handle the organic waste of extensive rural area of china, can also distributed resource utilization discarded object on the spot, realizes the organic waste of conversion nearby.
In order to achieve the above object, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:
a solid organic waste composting device is characterized in that: including staving and the arch lid of being connected with the staving, be the space district that inverted circular truncated cone shape is on upper portion in dividing into in the staving, middle part main part fermentation material district and lower part stock solution district, fermentation material district and stock solution district separate through movable sieve, stock solution district upper portion sets up the spiral air intake, the spiral air intake passes through stock solution district and fermentation material district intercommunication, stock solution district lower part sets up the fluid-discharge tube, be provided with at least one ventilation pipe that inserts in the staving, evenly distributed has the ventilation hole on the ventilation pipe, ventilation pipe lower extreme minimum is located movable sieve, the upper end is higher than fermentation material district, the arch is covered.
The barrel body and the arched cover are made of heat-insulating materials, the barrel body and the arched cover are connected through a connecting hinge, and the barrel body and the arched cover are closed through a fastening switch.
And a discharging plate for discharging fermented solid materials is arranged at the bottom of the fermented material area.
And a thermometer for measuring the temperature of the fermentation material area is arranged in the middle of the fermentation material area.
And a liquid discharge valve is arranged on the liquid discharge pipe, and an overflow port is formed on the liquid storage area by the spiral air inlet during liquid discharge.
The ventilation pipe is the cavity hard pipe, and the ventilation pipe bottom is the back taper, and other part evenly distributed ventilation holes, the ventilation pipe bottom inserts movable sieve upper portion through the back taper.
The ventilation pipes are uniformly inserted into the stack body when a plurality of ventilation pipes are used.
The highest point of the arch cover is provided with a spiral air outlet, and the arch of the arch cover is matched with the inner wall surface of the barrel body to form a condensed water collecting structure.
The spiral air outlet is filled with deodorizing filler, and the arch cover is provided with a handle.
Adopt the utility model has the advantages of:
1. aiming at the large physical size difference of the solid organic wastes in China, the oxygen supply amount of the pile body is effectively organized; effective tissue fermentation drainage is controlled through flexible liquid discharge pipe arrangement and condensed water structural design, uncontrollable local water content increase caused by condensed water is avoided, and the water content of each part of the pile body is effectively controlled within a controllable range; through the design of fluid-discharge tube, spiral air outlet and spiral air intake to and retrieve the waste heat of bottom fermentation material district fermentation remainder, the temperature of more effectual control heap body.
2. The utility model discloses in, the material gets into the fermenter is the process of a gradual replacement, and new material is followed the upper portion feeding, replaces the material that the bottom fermentation is good, and this is the process that a material gradually changed the substitution. The material is gradually through stage, high temperature stage, the cooling stage of generating heat, accomplishes whole fermentation process, compares with prior art, the utility model discloses not whole fermentation and reloading, the fermentation is more abundant thorough, moreover after a period, can wholly get rid of the material, carries out convenient washing to the fermenter.
3. The utility model has the advantages of small occupied area, low cost, no energy consumption, simple and convenient operation and maintenance, and better ventilation for accelerating the decomposition of the compost and deepening the decomposition degree.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of the top view structure of the present invention.
Labeled as: 1. the composting device comprises a liquid storage area, 2 parts of movable sieve plates, 3 parts of liquid discharge pipes, 4 parts of liquid discharge valves, 5 parts of barrel bodies, 6 parts of space areas, 7 parts of connecting hinges, 8 parts of arched covers, 9 parts of spiral air outlets, 10 parts of handles, 11 parts of fastening switches, 12 parts of ventilation pipes, 13 parts of fermentation material areas, 14 parts of discharge plates, 15 parts of composting barrels, 16 parts of spiral air inlets and 17 parts of thermometers.
Detailed Description
Example 1
The utility model provides a solid organic waste compost device, include staving 5 and the arch lid 8 of being connected with staving 5, be the space district 6 that the upper portion is inverted circular truncated cone shape in the staving 5, middle part main part fermented material district 13 and lower part liquid storage district 1, fermented material district 13 and liquid storage district 1 are separated through movable sieve 2, 1 upper portion in liquid storage district sets up spiral air intake 16, spiral air intake 16 passes through liquid storage district 1 and fermented material district 13 intercommunication, 1 lower part in liquid storage district sets up fluid-discharge tube 3, be provided with at least one ventilation pipe 12 that inserts in the staving 5, evenly distributed has the ventilation hole on ventilation pipe 12, ventilation pipe 12 lower extreme minimum is located movable sieve 2, the upper end is higher than fermented material district 13, be provided with spiral air outlet 9 on the arch lid 8.
In this embodiment, the barrel body 5 and the arched cover 8 are both made of a heat insulating material with certain deformation performance so as to ensure effective sealing of the barrel body and the arched cover, the barrel body 5 and the arched cover 8 are connected through a connecting hinge 7, and the barrel body 5 and the arched cover 8 are closed through a fastening switch 11.
In this embodiment, a discharging plate 14 for discharging fermented materials is disposed at the bottom of the fermented material region 13.
In this embodiment, a thermometer 17 for measuring the temperature of the fermented material region 13 is disposed in the middle of the fermented material region 13.
In this embodiment, a drain valve 4 is disposed on the drain pipe 3, and an overflow port is formed on the liquid storage area 1 by the spiral air inlet 16 during liquid drainage.
In this embodiment, the ventilation pipe 12 is the cavity hard pipe, and the ventilation hole is the back taper in 12 bottoms of ventilation pipe, the other part evenly distributed, and the back taper is passed through to 12 bottoms of ventilation pipe and is inserted on movable sieve 2.
In this embodiment, the ventilation pipes are uniformly inserted into the stack.
In this embodiment, the highest point of the arched cover 8 is provided with a spiral air outlet 9, and the arch of the arched cover 8 is matched with the inner wall surface of the barrel body 5 to form a condensed water collection structure.
In this embodiment, the spiral air outlet 9 is filled with deodorant filling material, and the arch cover 8 is provided with a handle 10.
The method adopting the composting device of the utility model comprises the following steps:
a. adding solid organic matters into a fermentation material area in the barrel body 5, forming a pile body in the fermentation material area, inserting a plurality of ventilation pipes 12 according to the quantity of the pile body, and fermenting;
b. in the fermentation process, the ventilation quantity of the spiral air outlet and the spiral air inlet is controlled, air is uniformly supplied to the fermentation material area through the ventilation pipe, and the oxygen supply quantity and the temperature of the pile body are adjusted;
c. the fermentation material passes through a heating stage, a high-temperature stage and a cooling stage in the fermentation material zone 13 to complete the whole fermentation process;
d. the drain valve 4 is opened to drain the liquid in the liquid storage region 1.
After the solid organic matter in the fermented material area 13 is subjected to temperature operation, before new solid organic matter is added, the discharging plate 14 is opened, new material is added from the upper part, and the fermented material at the bottom is replaced.
During the fermentation process, the number of the ventilation pipes 12 is increased or decreased according to the change of the fermentation temperature and the material characteristics.
In the fermentation process, if the temperature of the barrel body 5 is too high, the knobs of the spiral air inlet 16 and the spiral air outlet 9 are turned greatly, and the air exchange amount of the fermentation material area 13 is increased and the temperature is reduced according to the increase of the number of the ventilation pipes 12; if the temperature in the compost box is too low, the knobs of the spiral air inlet 16 and the spiral air outlet 9 are turned to be small, the air exchange amount of the fermentation material area 13 is reduced, and the fermentation temperature is raised by utilizing the self-heating of the compost.
During the fermentation process, the temperature of the stack is controlled between 10 and 70 ℃.
The condensed water in the arched cover 8 is collected towards the inner wall surface of the barrel body 5 along the arched surface of the arched cover 8 and the space area in the shape of the inverted frustum.
The temperature range of the heating stage is generally 30-50 ℃, the temperature range of the high-temperature stage is generally 50-70 ℃, and the temperature range of the cooling stage is generally 20-30 ℃.
In the fermentation process, the air inlet amount of the spiral air inlet 16 is adjusted according to the ambient temperature and the temperature of the fermentation material area 13 displayed by the thermometer 17, air enters the lower liquid storage area 1 and the fermentation material area 13 through the spiral air inlet 16, the residual heat of the cooling stage at the bottom of the fermentation material area 13 can be utilized for heating, and the residual fermentation gas is discharged through the spiral air outlet 9.
Example 2
The structure and the use examples provided by the invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in the figure, the utility model discloses can design as a be suitable for compost bucket 15 of solid organic waste, including staving 5, connection hinge 7, arch lid 8, fastening switch 11 and ventilation pipe 12, staving 5 and arch lid 8 are connected through connection hinge 7, and both comprise the better material of thermal insulation performance, like PE, specific thermotechnical calculation designs separately, and both because of having certain deformability for both when closed state, can make staving 5 and arch lid 8 effectively closed through fastening switch 11, prevent that the air leakage condition from appearing.
The upper part of the lower liquid storage area 1 is provided with a spiral air inlet 16, the air inlet amount of the spiral air inlet 16 can be adjusted according to the environmental temperature and the temperature of the fermentation material area 13 displayed by a thermometer 17, air enters the lower liquid storage area 1 and the fermentation material area 13 through the spiral air inlet 16, the temperature is increased by utilizing the residual heat in the cooling stage at the bottom of the fermentation material area 13, the temperature loss of the fermentation material area 13 can be effectively reduced, and the stable fermentation temperature under the condition of small piles is effectively ensured.
The lower part of the lower liquid storage area 1 is provided with a liquid discharge pipe 3, a liquid discharge valve 4 is arranged on the liquid discharge pipe 3, the percolate in the liquid discharge valve 4 is opened periodically, and meanwhile, the spiral air inlet 16 plays a role of an overflow port, so that the percolate in the liquid storage area 1 is effectively prevented from entering the fermentation material area 13 to cause the appearance of an insufficient fermentation area due to untimely liquid discharge.
The ventilation pipe 12 is the cavity hard pipe, and ventilation pipe 12 bottom is hard back taper, and remaining part evenly distributed aperture, according to the difference of fermented material district 13, designs the quantity of ventilation pipe 12, and 2 upper portions of movable sieve plate are inserted to ventilation pipe 12 bottom, and the top is generally higher than fermented material district 13 to extraction and change, through the setting of ventilation pipe 12, can realize the effective supply of fermented material district 13 air and the instant discharge of fermented material district 13 moisture.
The design of arch lid 8 is the arch, can make the comdenstion water collect to 5 internal faces of staving along the arch of arch lid 8, prevent that the comdenstion water from directly falling into fermented material district 13, cause concrete moisture content to increase, the fermentation temperature reduces, influence the effective clear of fermentation, arch lid 8 peak sets up spiral air outlet 9, the fermentation residual gas of discharging, spiral air outlet 9 is the same with 16 principles of spiral air intake, adjustable amount of wind, both should effectively prevent toy such as insect from getting into simultaneously, both synergism, adjust oxygen supply volume and temperature in the compost bucket 15.
The spiral air outlet 9 can be filled with deodorant filling material of active carbon so as to carry out purification treatment on fermentation residual gas, and the arch cover 8 is provided with a handle 10 so as to conveniently open and close the arch cover 8 and supplement fresh materials for the composting barrel 15.
The device can be matched with a stirrer and a shovel, so that the stirring is easier, and the fertilizer discharging is more convenient.
The composter barrel 15 is placed in a location where it is easy to get the solid organic waste to be concentrated, such as behind a kitchen. The compost box is horizontally placed on the firm ground which is not easy to accumulate water, so that liquid is convenient to discharge. Before use, the spiral air inlet 16 and the spiral air outlet 9 are determined to be in the "proper" position (determined according to the ambient temperature and the fermented material, but when not determined, the determination is recommended to be started from the opening of 20%). And opening the arched cover 8, adding solid organic matters into the barrel body 5, inserting a plurality of ventilation pipes 12 according to the specific treatment material, fermenting, and gradually passing the fermentation material through a heating stage, a high-temperature stage and a cooling stage in a fermentation material area 13 to finish the whole fermentation process. During the fermentation process, the number of the ventilation pipes 12 can be increased or decreased according to the change of the fermentation temperature and the material characteristics.
After the solid organic matter in the fermented material region 13 is subjected to temperature operation, before new solid organic matter is added, the discharging plate 14 needs to be opened to discharge the fermented material. The material can be discharged by means of a shovel, or the fermented material region 13 can be stirred by a stirrer. The position of the vent tube 12 may be adjusted, or reinserted, after the addition of new material.
The composting barrel 15 is used at the beginning, padding or strains (purchased) can be added in an auxiliary way when the organic solid waste is added for the first time, and then the padding or the strains can be added less or not according to the fermentation condition. The temperature of the material in the composter barrel 15 will be higher than the temperature outside the composter barrel 15. The temperature rise is due to the heat generated by the metabolism of microorganisms, while the heat-insulating structure of the composter barrel 15 keeps the heat inside and prevents the outside air from entering to cool the compost. The temperature of the stack varies between 10-70 degrees celsius. Typically, the thermometer 17 in front of the composter barrel 15 reads between 30-40 degrees. The higher the temperature is, the stronger the microbial activity is, and the faster the composting reaction is; the slower the reverse. If the temperature of the composting barrel 15 is too high, the knobs of the spiral air inlet 16 and the spiral air outlet 9 are turned greatly, and the air exchange amount of the fermentation material area 13 is increased and the temperature is reduced according to the increase of the number of the ventilation pipes 12. If the temperature in the compost box is too low, the knobs of the spiral air inlet 16 and the spiral air outlet 9 are turned to be small, the air exchange amount of the fermentation material area 13 is reduced, and the fermentation temperature is increased.
The drain valve 4 is opened at intervals to drain the liquid in the liquid storage region 1. After fermenting for a long time, the accessible is opened stripper 14 and fastening switch 11, takes out ventilation pipe 12, discharges the material in the compost bucket 15, pulls down movable sieve 2, carries out whole washing to compost bucket 15, ensures that fermented material district 13 does not have the blind area, and stock solution district 1 and fluid-discharge tube 3 do not block up. In warm seasons, the fermentation material area 13 can be subjected to large material change; in cold seasons, the frequency is not suitable, and the discharge amount is also reduced.
Claims (7)
1. A solid organic waste composting device is characterized in that: comprises a barrel body (5) and an arch cover (8) connected with the barrel body (5), the barrel body (5) is internally divided into a space area (6) with the upper part in an inverted circular truncated cone shape, a middle main body fermentation material area (13) and a lower liquid storage area (1), the fermentation material area (13) and the liquid storage area (1) are separated by a movable sieve plate (2), the upper part of the liquid storage area (1) is provided with a spiral air inlet (16), the spiral air inlet (16) is communicated with the fermentation material area (13) through the liquid storage area (1), the lower part of the liquid storage area (1) is provided with a liquid discharge pipe (3), at least one ventilation pipe (12) is arranged in the barrel body (5), at least one ventilation pipe (12) inserted into the stack body is arranged in the barrel body (5), ventilation holes are uniformly distributed on the stack body (12), the lowest point of the lower end of the ventilation pipe (12) is positioned on the movable, the arched cover (8) is provided with a spiral air outlet (9).
2. The solid organic waste composting apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the barrel body (5) and the arched cover (8) are both made of heat-insulating materials with elastic deformation performance, the barrel body (5) and the arched cover (8) are connected through a connecting hinge (7), and the barrel body (5) and the arched cover (8) are closed through a fastening switch (11).
3. The solid organic waste composting apparatus of claim 2, wherein: and a discharging plate (14) for discharging fermented solid materials is arranged at the bottom of the fermented material area (13).
4. The solid organic waste composting apparatus of claim 3, wherein: and a thermometer (17) for measuring the temperature of the fermentation material area (13) is arranged in the middle of the fermentation material area (13).
5. The solid organic waste composting apparatus of claim 4, wherein: and a liquid discharge valve (4) is arranged on the liquid discharge pipe (3), and an overflow port is formed on the liquid storage area (1) by the spiral air inlet (16) during liquid discharge.
6. The solid organic waste composting apparatus of claim 5, wherein: the ventilation pipe (12) is a hollow hard pipe, the bottom of the ventilation pipe (12) is in an inverted cone shape, the ventilation holes are uniformly distributed in the rest part of the ventilation pipe, and the bottom of the ventilation pipe (12) is inserted into the upper part of the movable sieve plate (2) through the inverted cone shape.
7. The solid organic waste composting apparatus of claim 6, wherein: the highest point of the arched cover (8) is provided with a spiral air outlet (9), and the arch of the arched cover (8) is matched with the inner wall surface of the barrel body (5) to form a condensed water collection structure.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201920581586.3U CN210012773U (en) | 2019-04-26 | 2019-04-26 | Solid organic waste composting device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201920581586.3U CN210012773U (en) | 2019-04-26 | 2019-04-26 | Solid organic waste composting device |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN210012773U true CN210012773U (en) | 2020-02-04 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201920581586.3U Expired - Fee Related CN210012773U (en) | 2019-04-26 | 2019-04-26 | Solid organic waste composting device |
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| CN (1) | CN210012773U (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109928798A (en) * | 2019-04-26 | 2019-06-25 | 农业部沼气科学研究所 | Solid organic castoff compost device and its compost method |
-
2019
- 2019-04-26 CN CN201920581586.3U patent/CN210012773U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109928798A (en) * | 2019-04-26 | 2019-06-25 | 农业部沼气科学研究所 | Solid organic castoff compost device and its compost method |
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Granted publication date: 20200204 Termination date: 20200426 |
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