CN209821090U - Surface micro scratch detector - Google Patents
Surface micro scratch detector Download PDFInfo
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- CN209821090U CN209821090U CN201920487782.4U CN201920487782U CN209821090U CN 209821090 U CN209821090 U CN 209821090U CN 201920487782 U CN201920487782 U CN 201920487782U CN 209821090 U CN209821090 U CN 209821090U
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- moving device
- sliding block
- base
- scratch
- eccentric wheel
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a small mar detector in surface, include: a base, a slide block moving device, an eccentric wheel transmission mechanism, a grating ruler reading head moving device and a gear rotating mechanism which are arranged in the shell. Wherein: after the endoscope lens is used for roughly positioning the scratch position, the sensor probe is aligned to one side of the scratch, and the rough positioning of the scratch is completed. After coarse positioning is completed, the eccentric wheel mechanism is adopted to drive the sliding block moving device to stride across the scratch position, the height difference in the process is obtained, and extraction of the depth information of the scratch is completed. The width information is obtained by two greatly reduced points of displacement at the beginning and the end of the process, and the distance between the two points is obtained as the width information. The eccentric wheel transmission mechanism and the grating ruler reading head moving device are adopted, so that the measuring position of the sensor probe can be accurately controlled, and the repeated positioning precision is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a machine vision technical field relates to a small mar detector in surface and detection method.
Background
Machine vision is a comprehensive technology that integrates digital image processing, mechanical, control, optical, computer, and other technologies. The machine vision system can realize non-contact detection of the target, can quickly acquire a large amount of information and is easy to automatically process. Therefore, machine vision technology has attracted attention as an important detection technology and is increasingly widely applied in the detection field.
At present, the measurement of the surface scratches of shaft parts is still completed by means of manual traditional detection, and the detection is known from field feedback. The detection personnel are easily influenced by the field environment, so that the scratch measurement result has large error and low measurement precision, and the detection personnel have high labor intensity and low working efficiency. In the surface scratch detection of an axle, the scratch depth and width information are particularly important, train parts such as a wheel disc, a gearbox, a brake disc and the like are mainly required to be assembled on the axle, and when the scratch depth is too large, injected lubricating oil leaks in the running process of a train, so that the service life of the high-speed train is easily shortened.
With the development of optical technology and electronic computer technology, non-contact shaft part scratch detection devices and methods are also continuously improved. The lens detection method based on the CCD imaging principle, which is industrially applied to scratch measurement, has the defects that the measurement precision is limited by the camera precision, the depth characteristic of the scratch cannot be detected, and the scratch measurement precision is insufficient.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In view of the problem that exists to the surface of axletree and be difficult to detect out mar degree of depth and width information among the prior art, the utility model provides a small mar detector in surface, include:
the base, the slide block moving device, the eccentric wheel transmission mechanism, the grating ruler reading head moving device and the gear rotating mechanism are arranged in the shell;
the base is arranged on the gear rotating mechanism; the base is provided with the sliding block moving device;
through holes are formed among the gear rotating mechanism, the base and the sliding block moving device and form a detection window;
an endoscope lens is arranged in the through hole of the gear rotating mechanism;
the sliding block moving device is provided with a probe clamping plastic block around the through hole, and the probe clamping plastic block is used for clamping a sensor probe; the sensor probe passes through the detection window and is used for detecting a shaft to be detected;
one side of the sliding block moving device is provided with an eccentric wheel transmission mechanism for driving the sliding block moving device to move;
the grating ruler reading head moving device is arranged on the other side of the sliding block moving device, is adjacent to the eccentric wheel transmission mechanism and is used for reading the displacement distance of the sliding block moving device;
and a hand-held handle are connected with the outer side of the shell through bolts.
In one embodiment, the slider moving device includes: the metal sliding block, the cylindrical shaft and the linear ball bearing;
the cylindrical shaft is sleeved with the linear ball bearing and penetrates through the metal sliding block to be installed on the base;
the metal sliding block is provided with a detection through hole; the probe clamping plastic block is arranged above the metal sliding block around the through hole;
the eccentric wheel transmission mechanism drives the metal slide block to axially move on the cylindrical shaft.
In one embodiment, the eccentric drive mechanism comprises: the device comprises a servo motor, a motor supporting seat, an eccentric wheel, a rolling bearing and a movable base;
the motor supporting seat is installed on the base, and the servo motor is installed on the motor supporting seat;
the rolling bearing is sleeved on the eccentric wheel and is arranged on the movable base;
the movable base is connected with the probe clamping plastic block;
and a servo motor shaft is connected with the eccentric wheel through a flat key.
In one embodiment, a spring is mounted between the base and the metal slider;
one end of the spring is connected with the base, and the other end of the spring is connected with the metal sliding block.
In one embodiment, the grating scale reading head moving device comprises a grating scale reading head and a grating scale;
one side of the metal sliding block is provided with the grating ruler reading head;
and a grating ruler groove is arranged on the base corresponding to the grating ruler reading head, and a grating ruler is arranged in the grating ruler groove.
In one embodiment, further comprising: a controller; the controller is connected with the servo motor and the grating ruler and used for sending a control command to the servo motor, obtaining displacement parameters of the grating ruler and calculating the depth and width of the scratch position.
In one embodiment, the front surface of the shell is provided with an electronic screen;
the electronic screen is connected with a camera which is obliquely inserted into one side in the through hole of the gear rotating mechanism device;
the electronic screen is connected with the controller.
In one embodiment, the sensor probe is a spectroscopic confocal sensor or a laser sensor.
The embodiment of the utility model provides an above-mentioned technical scheme's beneficial effect includes at least:
the embodiment of the utility model provides a pair of small mar detector in surface uses the coarse positioning mar position of endoscope lens back to aim at mar one side with sensor probe, accomplishes the coarse positioning to the mar. After coarse positioning is completed, the eccentric wheel mechanism is adopted to drive the sliding block moving device to stride across the scratch position, the height difference in the process is obtained, and extraction of the depth information of the scratch is completed. The width information is obtained by two greatly reduced points of displacement at the beginning and the end of the process, and the distance between the two points is obtained as the width information. The adoption of an eccentric wheel transmission mechanism and a grating ruler reading head moving device can ensure the accurate control of the measuring position of the sensor probe, improve the repeated positioning accuracy, and the arrangement of the hand-held handle and the hand-held handle is convenient for stable operation.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by the practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims hereof as well as the appended drawings.
The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail by the accompanying drawings and examples.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention, and together with the description serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention.
In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a view of the internal layout of a housing of a detector according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 shows an overall structure and a detection schematic diagram of a surface micro-scratch detector provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a structural diagram of a gear rotating mechanism provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is an axonometric view of apparatuses such as a detector base provided in the embodiment of the present invention;
in the drawings: 1-base, 2-slide block moving device, 3-eccentric wheel transmission mechanism, 4-grating ruler reading head moving device, 5-gear rotating mechanism, 21-metal slide block, 22-cylindrical shaft, 23-probe clamping plastic block, 24-sensor probe, 25-spring, 26-supporting handle, 27-hand handle, 28-controller, 29-electronic screen, 31-servo motor, 32-motor supporting base, 33-eccentric wheel, 34-rolling bearing, 35-movable base, 41-grating ruler reading head, 42-grating ruler, 51-shaft contact stabilizer, 52-gear locking mechanism and 521-gear hand-wrenching.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.
Referring to fig. 1-2, an embodiment of the present invention provides a surface micro scratch detector, including:
the grating ruler reading head comprises a base 1, a slide block moving device 2, an eccentric wheel transmission mechanism 3, a grating ruler reading head moving device 4 and a gear rotating mechanism 5 which are arranged in a shell.
A slide block moving device 2 is installed on the base 1, a grating ruler reading head moving device 4 is installed on the rear side of the slide block moving device 2, and an eccentric wheel transmission mechanism 3 is installed on the right side of a plastic block above the slide block moving device 2. When the transverse scratches are roughly positioned, the snapping gear rotating mechanism 5 can enable the probe to detect the transverse scratches. For the convenience of operation, as shown in fig. 1, a holding handle 26 and a carrying handle 27 are provided outside the housing of the monitor, so that the worker can hold the equipment stably.
The above components are described in detail below, respectively.
As shown in fig. 3, the gear rotating mechanism includes: including a shaft contact stabilizer 51, a gear locking mechanism 52. The gear locking mechanism 52 is provided with a gear breaking hand 521; when the scratch in the transverse direction needs to be detected, the snapping gear snapping hand 521 is broken to unlock the shaft contact stabilizer 51, so that the shaft contact stabilizer becomes a movable mechanism, the shaft contact stabilizer is snapped to the direction consistent with the scratch position, the snapping gear snapping hand 521 is broken again, and the shaft contact stabilizer 51 is locked. The shaft contact stabilizer 51 is in direct contact with the shaft surface to be measured. A through hole can be processed in the middle of the bracket as a detection window, wherein the gear locking mechanism 52 is annular, and the middle part is the through hole; allowing the detector to detect the depth of the scratch at the lateral position and lock the shaft contact stabilizer 51. Guarantee at the testing process, this detector can not remove, realizes accurate measurement.
Wherein the endoscope lens 53 is disposed within the through-hole of the gear locking mechanism 52.
As shown in fig. 4, the slider moving device 2 includes: the metal sliding block 21, the cylindrical shaft 22, the linear ball bearing (not shown) is formed, the cylindrical shaft 22 is sleeved with the linear ball bearing and passes through the metal sliding block 21 to be installed on the base 1, and the metal sliding block 21 is supported on the parallel cylindrical shaft 22. Two parallel cylindrical shafts 22 may be preferably provided depending on the size of the metal slider 21 and the diameter of the cylindrical shaft 22. A probe-holding plastic block 23 can be bolted over the metal slide 21 to place a sensor probe 24. The two parallel cylindrical shafts 22 are provided with linear bearings, so that the friction resistance is small, and high precision and stable linear motion can be ensured.
As shown in fig. 1 and 4, the eccentric transmission mechanism 3 includes: a servo motor 31, a motor support base 32, an eccentric wheel 33, a rolling bearing 34 and a movable base 35.
The servo motor supporting seat 32 is connected with a base through a bolt, the movable base 35 is connected with the plastic block 23 above the metal sliding block 21 through a bolt, and the rolling bearing 34 is sleeved on the eccentric wheel 33; the servo motor 31 shaft is in flat key connection with the eccentric wheel 33.
Further, as shown in fig. 4, the raster scale reading head moving device 4 includes a raster scale reading head 41 and a raster scale 42; one side of the metal slide block 21 is provided with a grating ruler reading head 41; a grating ruler groove is arranged on the base 1 corresponding to the grating ruler reading head 41, and a grating ruler 42 is arranged in the grating ruler groove.
The grating ruler reading head moving device 4 is connected with the plastic block 23 above the sliding block through bolts, and the corresponding grating ruler 42 is connected to the base 1 through bolts to form a closed-loop control system which is responsible for accurately controlling the measuring position of the sensor probe 24 and improving the repeated positioning accuracy of the system;
the detector can do transverse movement under the action of the gear rotating mechanism 5 to detect scratches in the longitudinal direction. When the scratch direction is the transverse direction, the gear rotating mechanism 5 can be broken to enable the detector to do longitudinal motion, and the scratch in the transverse direction is detected.
In order to eliminate the gap generated by the bearing during the movement and ensure the movement quality, as shown in fig. 1, a spring 25 is preferably installed between the base 1 and the metal slider 21; the spring 25 has one end connected to the base 1 and the other end connected to the metal slider 21.
Further, the detector also includes a controller 28; the controller 28 is connected to the servo motor 31 and the grating ruler, and is configured to send a control instruction to the servo motor 31, obtain a displacement parameter of the grating ruler 42, and calculate a depth and a width of the scratch position.
The control system is formed by a controller, specifically, a PMAC motion control card is adopted to control the motion of a servo motor, and the PMAC motion control card and a grating ruler displacement feedback device form a closed-loop control system for accurately controlling the motion of the sliding block. The multifunctional controller sends an instruction to the PMAC control card, then sends a signal to the servo driver, the servo driver controls the servo motor to enable the sliding block device to move, the moving distance is measured by the grating ruler and fed back to the PMAC motion control card, and then the control card calculates the compensation quantity to accurately control the position of the moving platform. And high repeated positioning precision of the system is ensured.
Further, as shown in fig. 1, an electronic screen 29 is disposed on the front surface of the housing; the electronic screen 29 is connected with a camera which is obliquely inserted into one side of the through hole of the gear rotating mechanism device 5; an electronic screen 29 is connected to the controller 28.
In addition, the rear side of the probe clamping plastic block 23 is connected with a grating ruler reading head moving device 4 which is slightly attached on a grating ruler 42, and the grating ruler 42 is attached on a rigid metal wall at the rear part of the base.
When the sliding block moves, the reading head is driven to move on the grating ruler, the reading head records the displacement at the moment, the displacement is compared with the displacement generated by the servo motor, the compensation amount is calculated, and then an instruction is sent to the controller. The measurement position of the spectral confocal sensor is accurately controlled, and the repeated positioning precision of the system is improved.
The specific detection process is as follows:
roughly positioning the scratch position by the endoscope to finish rough positioning;
moving the scratch detector to one side of the scratch for detection;
thirdly, the sliding block moving device scratches along the scratch and returns to the initial position to finish the detection;
the data processing system processes the data, defines the initial data descending point and the terminal descending point in the process as width information, defines the maximum displacement value in the process as depth information, and outputs and prints the result.
Detailed description of the preferred embodiment
This embodiment is an embodiment of a surface micro-scratch detector. An oval groove is processed below the base and used as a detection window. The gear rotating mechanism is connected with the lower part of the base through a bolt, and an endoscope lens is arranged on one side of the gear rotating mechanism, so that the scratch position can be roughly positioned, and the detector can be conveniently positioned to the scratch position. The base is internally provided with a sliding block moving device, an oval through hole is processed on the upper surface of the sliding block, and a through hole-shaped plastic block is in threaded connection with the oval through hole. The probe is vertically arranged in the plastic block, and the laser emitted by the probe can be used for positively measuring the shaft through the through hole. A pair of parallel through holes are processed in the side face of the sliding block, linear bearings are arranged in the parallel through holes, and the cylindrical shaft penetrates through the linear bearings and is fixed on the two sides of the base. An eccentric wheel transmission mechanism is arranged on the right side of the sliding block, and a power source is a servo motor. The motor main shaft of the motor is connected with the eccentric wheel through a key. The eccentric wheel and the rolling bearing are fixed on the sliding platform on the left side of the sliding block. When the servo motor rotates, the eccentric wheel drives the rolling bearing to apply a thrust force to the movable sliding platform. The rear side of the sliding block is connected with a grating reading head through a bolt, and a grating ruler groove is processed on the rear side of the base and used for placing a grating ruler. The back of the shell is fixed with a multifunctional controller, an encoder output port is arranged on the multifunctional controller, and the multifunctional controller can be connected with a rotating motor and a grating ruler to form a closed-loop control system so that the multifunctional controller can generate a stable reciprocating linear motion mode.
Detailed description of the invention
When the endoscope lens is positioned to the scratch at the transverse position, the detector can detect the scratch depth at the transverse position after the wrenching gear is broken to rotate the wrench.
The sensor probe can be a spectral confocal sensor or a laser sensor.
The spectral confocal lens sensor can be selected to measure the depth and the width of the scratch in consideration of the cost performance and the precision requirement of the detection device. The detection is rapidly completed on line in a non-contact mode, the scratch depth measurement speed is improved, the validity of detection data is ensured, and the problems of efficiency and precision caused by current manual detection are solved.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.
Claims (8)
1. A surface micro scratch detector is characterized by comprising: the base, the slide block moving device, the eccentric wheel transmission mechanism, the grating ruler reading head moving device and the gear rotating mechanism are arranged in the shell;
the base is arranged on the gear rotating mechanism; the base is provided with the sliding block moving device;
through holes are formed among the gear rotating mechanism, the base and the sliding block moving device and form a detection window;
an endoscope lens is arranged in the through hole of the gear rotating mechanism;
the sliding block moving device is provided with a probe clamping plastic block around the through hole, and the probe clamping plastic block is used for clamping a sensor probe; the sensor probe passes through the detection window and is used for detecting a shaft to be detected;
one side of the sliding block moving device is provided with an eccentric wheel transmission mechanism for driving the sliding block moving device to move;
the grating ruler reading head moving device is arranged on the other side of the sliding block moving device, is adjacent to the eccentric wheel transmission mechanism and is used for reading the displacement distance of the sliding block moving device;
and a hand-held handle are connected with the outer side of the shell through bolts.
2. The surface micro-scratch tester as claimed in claim 1, wherein the eccentric wheel transmission mechanism comprises: the device comprises a servo motor, a motor supporting seat, an eccentric wheel, a rolling bearing and a movable base;
the motor supporting seat is installed on the base, and the servo motor is installed on the motor supporting seat;
the rolling bearing is sleeved on the eccentric wheel and is arranged on the movable base;
the movable base is connected with the probe clamping plastic block;
and a servo motor shaft is connected with the eccentric wheel through a flat key.
3. The apparatus for detecting micro-scratches on a surface according to claim 1, wherein the slide moving means comprises: the metal sliding block, the cylindrical shaft and the linear ball bearing;
the cylindrical shaft is sleeved with the linear ball bearing and penetrates through the metal sliding block to be installed on the base;
the metal sliding block is provided with a detection through hole; the probe clamping plastic block is arranged above the metal sliding block around the through hole;
the eccentric wheel transmission mechanism drives the metal slide block to axially move on the cylindrical shaft.
4. The apparatus according to claim 3, wherein a spring is installed between the base and the metal slider;
one end of the spring is connected with the base, and the other end of the spring is connected with the metal sliding block.
5. The surface micro-scratch detector as claimed in claim 3, wherein the grating scale reading head moving device comprises a grating scale reading head and a grating scale;
one side of the metal sliding block is provided with the grating ruler reading head;
and a grating ruler groove is arranged on the base corresponding to the grating ruler reading head, and a grating ruler is arranged in the grating ruler groove.
6. The surface micro scratch tester according to claim 5, further comprising: a controller; the controller is connected with the servo motor and the grating ruler and used for sending a control command to the servo motor, obtaining displacement parameters of the grating ruler and calculating the depth and width of the scratch position.
7. The apparatus according to claim 6, wherein an electronic screen is disposed on the front surface of the housing;
the electronic screen is connected with a camera which is obliquely inserted into one side in the through hole of the gear rotating mechanism device;
the electronic screen is connected with the controller.
8. The surface micro-scratch detector according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the sensor probe is a spectroscopic confocal sensor or a laser sensor.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201920487782.4U CN209821090U (en) | 2019-04-11 | 2019-04-11 | Surface micro scratch detector |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201920487782.4U CN209821090U (en) | 2019-04-11 | 2019-04-11 | Surface micro scratch detector |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN209821090U true CN209821090U (en) | 2019-12-20 |
Family
ID=68879404
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201920487782.4U Expired - Fee Related CN209821090U (en) | 2019-04-11 | 2019-04-11 | Surface micro scratch detector |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN209821090U (en) |
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2019
- 2019-04-11 CN CN201920487782.4U patent/CN209821090U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20191220 Termination date: 20210411 |