CN106441088B - A kind of detector for train wheel pair size and run-out tolerance on-line detecting system - Google Patents
A kind of detector for train wheel pair size and run-out tolerance on-line detecting system Download PDFInfo
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- CN106441088B CN106441088B CN201610743925.4A CN201610743925A CN106441088B CN 106441088 B CN106441088 B CN 106441088B CN 201610743925 A CN201610743925 A CN 201610743925A CN 106441088 B CN106441088 B CN 106441088B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/08—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring diameters
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/14—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring distance or clearance between spaced objects or spaced apertures
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B5/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
- G01B5/0025—Measuring of vehicle parts
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of detector for train wheel pair size and run-out tolerance on-line detecting system, mechanical system is made of rotating driving device, high precision movement detection device on positioning datum support device, wheel on conveying device, wheel pedestal, gantry frame, wheel.It is characterized in that：Gantry frame on pedestal is installed, is taken turns to conveying device, wheel to positioning datum support device, wheel to rotating driving device；High precision movement detection device is installed on gantry frame；It uses using journal outer surface as radial positioning benchmark, more meets train operation actual condition；Using axial self-locking assembling device, ensure wheel to wheel does not occur during wheel measuring to position offset；Closed-loop control system is formed using Serve Motor Control and absolute grating Displacement Feedback system in control system, ensures the measurement position of accurate control laser displacement sensor, improves the repetitive positioning accuracy of system；It can ensure high measurement accuracy, high repetitive positioning accuracy and the purpose for meeting enterprise's productive temp.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of detector for train wheel pair size and run-out tolerance on-line detecting system, belong to that Railway wheelset is online non-to be connect
Touch field of measuring technique.
Background technology
Railway wheelset is the important component in the bogie of car, takes turns and owns to not only to bear high-speed heavy-load trains
Quiet, dynamic loading also directly decides the quality of the safety and quality that influence vehicle operation.In rolling stock at high speed, greatly
Load-carrying, today of light structure direction development, higher requirement proposes workmanship to wheel.
At present, domestic trolley coach manufacturing enterprise is at greatly hand dipping rank in Railway wheelset workmanship context of detection
Section.Wheel rotation and wheel in Railway wheelset detection process are also to complete by hand to reference record, manual measurement is not only cumbersome,
Labor intensity is big, and survey tool falls behind, it is impossible to eliminate artificial measurement error.
It is existing to take turns to self-operated measuring unit substantially all using the centre bore at two end of wheel shaft as positioning datum, so as to fulfill wheel
To positioning axially and radially, but using centre bore to the result of circular runout and wheel pair is taken turns come detection wheel as detection benchmark
Actual condition be not inconsistent, have uncertain radial positioning error.
To self-operated measuring unit, measuring principle is the existing wheel based on structure striation method：During wheel is advanced
By CCD camera, the image of a certain section of wheel is collected in time, then the image obtained is analyzed, with
The measured curve of wheel rim and tread is extracted, it is calibrated rear compared with established standard wheel curve, so as to draw flange tread
The parameters such as abrasion situation.Detection device light belt (the friendship of optical cross-section and wheel that CCD camera is gathered at work
Line) image should be a curve in theory, and actually CCD video cameras acquired image is a wider light belt,
In inevitably contain many noises, this allows for measurement result, and there are larger detection errors.
The content of the invention
According to the above problem, it is an object of the invention to provide detector for train wheel pair size and run-out tolerance on-line detecting system,
It uses using journal outer surface as radial positioning benchmark, more meets train operation actual condition；Using axial self-locking assembling device, protect
Card wheel is not to wheel occurs to position offset during wheel measuring；Using Serve Motor Control and absolute grating position in control system
It moves reponse system and forms closed-loop control system, ensure the measurement position of accurate control laser displacement sensor, improve the weight of system
Multiple positioning accuracy；Using 10 dot laser displacement sensors in measuring system, using the positioning datum for meeting actual condition, complete
Measurement to the size and run-out tolerance of different types of Railway wheelset can ensure high measurement accuracy, high repetitive positioning accuracy
With the purpose for meeting enterprise's productive temp.
To achieve the above object, the present invention uses following technical scheme：Detector for train wheel pair size and run-out tolerance on-line checking
System, mechanical system fill rotation driving on positioning datum support device, wheel on conveying device, wheel by pedestal, gantry frame, wheel
It puts, high precision movement detection device composition.It is characterized in that：Gantry frame, wheel are installed to conveying device, wheel on pedestal to positioning
Reference support device, wheel are to rotating driving device；High precision movement detection device is installed on gantry frame；
The wheel to conveying device by V-type support base, linear bearing, bearings frame, electrical pushing cylinder, mobility framework,
Linear guides and cylinder composition；Linear guides are symmetrically arranged on pedestal, are responsible for the linear motion of measured wheel pair.Line in both sides
Property guide rail slide block on bearings frame is fixedly mounted, linear bearing is installed on bearings frame, is responsible for measured wheel to vertical
Movement；V-type support base is installed in linear bearing upper end, the positioning of wheel shaft when being responsible for measured wheel to rising or falling, electrical pushing cylinder peace
It is connected on bearings frame and with V-type support base, bearings frame is symmetrically installed in mobility framework, cylinder is installed on
Under mobility framework；
The wheel is left and right symmetrically arranged on pedestal positioning datum support device, including pedestal, the support of bearing and two
To bearing.Floor installation is responsible for the support of whole device on pedestal；The support of bearing is mounted on pedestal, and bearing is mounted on axis
It holds on stent, is responsible for the wheel shaft of support rotation；
Two bearings are used to be arranged in " V " word, and using two bearing top circles as wheel to the radial positioning base of on-line checking
Standard ensures that Wheel set detecting result more can really reflect wheel to actual operating status.
The wheel includes decelerating motor, Hooks coupling universal coupling, axial self-locking device, motor support to rotating driving device
Seat.Hooks coupling universal coupling is mounted in reducing motor output shaft, and decelerating motor is mounted on axial self-locking device, axial self-locking device
On motor supporting base, motor supporting base is mounted on pedestal；Wherein axial self-locking device by movable block, linear guides,
First servo-actuated briquetting, the second servo-actuated briquetting, handle composition, responsible decelerating motor and Hooks coupling universal coupling are adjusted axially.Described
Linear guides are on motor supporting base；Movable block is installed on linear guides sliding block；First servo-actuated briquetting one end, which is mounted on, to be moved
Motion block, the other end are connected with second servo-actuated briquetting one end；Second servo-actuated briquetting one end is mounted on the riser of motor supporting base, separately
One end is connected with handle；Handle is on movable block.
The high precision movement detection device vertically moves platform by 5 horizontal shifting platforms and 3 and forms, 5 water
Translation moving platform is respectively left axle shoulder mobile platform, right axle shoulder mobile platform, detection crossbeam, left qR mobile platforms, right qR movements
Platform, it is respectively the first Z-direction mobile platform that 3, which vertically move platform, the second Z-direction mobile platform, the 3rd Z-direction mobile platform.
The mobile platform is formed by moving stent, servomotor, lead screw pair, slide, sliding block.Slide is mounted on movement
On stent, it is responsible for platform motion guide and support；Sliding block is mounted on slide, and sensor is installed on sliding block；Lead screw pair is installed
On stent and mobile stent is connected, is responsible for the motion transmission of platform；Servomotor is mounted on leading screw end.
The left axle shoulder mobile platform is mounted on the left column of gantry frame, and right axle shoulder mobile platform is mounted on gantry
On the right column of frame, detection crossbeam is mounted on gantry frame crossbeam, the first Z-direction mobile platform, the second mobile platform and the
Three mobile platforms are mounted on detection crossbeam, and left qR mobile platforms are mounted on the first Z-direction mobile platform, right qR mobile platforms peace
On the 3rd Z-direction mobile platform.
5 horizontal shifting platforms and 3 vertically move installs an absolute grating scale respectively on platform.
The left axle shoulder mobile platform and right axle shoulder mobile platform installs 2 laser displacement sensors respectively, is left axle
Shoulder reference sensor/right axle shoulder reference sensor and left axle footpath reference measurement sensor/right axle footpath reference measurement sensor, left axle
Shoulder reference sensor/right axle shoulder reference sensor can carry out nose balance in real time, realize that axially position accurately measures, and can be with
Complete the function of measurement；Left axle footpath reference measurement sensor/right axle footpath reference measurement sensor can monitor journal surface in real time
Jitter values with respect to centre bore compensate, and realize accurate measurement circular runout value；
The left qR mobile platforms and right qR mobile platforms install 1 laser displacement sensor respectively, for that can complete
Take turns the measurement for justifying circular runout to wheel rolling circular diameter, qR, wheel rolling；
1 laser displacement sensor is installed respectively on the first Z-direction mobile platform and the 3rd Z-direction mobile platform, it can
With the measurement for completing distance between backs of wheel flanges, road wheel end is jumped；
The second Z-direction mobile platform installs 2 laser displacement sensors, can complete the survey that wheel jumps brake disc end
Amount.
The on-line detecting system is to form closed loop control using PMAC Serve Motor Controls and pattern displacement reponse system
System processed, for accurately controlling the measurement position of laser displacement sensor, which is divided into four parts, PMAC servos electricity
Machine controls, pattern displacement feedback control, PLC controls and measurement data acquisition system；Industrial personal computer issues instructions to PMAC movements
Control card, PMAC motion control cards send a signal to servo-driver 1 ~ 8, then are controlled and be mounted on respectively by servo-driver 1 ~ 8
Left axle shoulder mobile platform, right axle shoulder mobile platform, detection crossbeam, left qR mobile platforms, right qR mobile platforms, the movement of the first Z-direction
Platform, the second Z-direction mobile platform, 8 servomotors on the 3rd Z-direction mobile platform are in rotary moving；High precision movement detection dress
The displacement distance for 8 mobile platforms put is measured by grating scale and feeds back to PMAC motion control cards, then is calculated by control card
Compensation rate realizes the Accurate Position Control of mobile platform.The high repetitive positioning accuracy of guarantee system.PLC control system control wheel pair
The servo electrical pushing cylinder of left and right 2, cylinder and the wheel of conveying device are to the decelerating motor of rotating driving device.Measurement data acquisition system
System gathers the data of 10 laser displacement sensors, i.e. left/right shaft shoulder reference sensor, the left/right diameter of axle by data collecting card
Reference sensor, left/right qR sensors, the first Z-direction mobile platform and sensor on the 3rd Z-direction mobile platform, the second Z-direction are moved
The sensor of moving platform.
Specific detection process is as follows：
1. it takes turns measured wheel to the cylinder of conveying device to being conveyed horizontally to test position；
2. take turns makes measured wheel to departing from rail by measured wheel to the servo electrical pushing cylinder at conveying device both ends to lifting；
3. servo electrical pushing cylinder is smoothly by measured wheel to being placed on wheel in positioning datum support device；
4. decelerating motor driving Hooks coupling universal coupling makes measured wheel to taking turns at the uniform velocity being rotated in positioning datum support device, and 8
A mobile platform moves to designated position, completes each parameter detecting of measured wheel pair；
5. when tested Wheel set detecting is completed, measured wheel is made measured wheel to departing from wheel to positioning by servo electrical pushing cylinder to lifting
Reference support device；
6. it takes turns measured wheel to the cylinder of conveying device to sending to initial position；
7. servo electrical pushing cylinder makes measured wheel complete the detection process of a wheel pair to falling on rail.Pass through similary order
Carry out the detection work of next wheel pair.
The positive effect of the present invention is that it is used using journal outer surface as radial positioning benchmark, more meets train operation reality
Border operating mode；Using axial self-locking assembling device, ensure wheel to wheel does not occur during wheel measuring to position offset；In control system
Closed-loop control system is formed using Serve Motor Control and absolute grating Displacement Feedback system, ensures that accurate control laser displacement passes
The repetitive positioning accuracy of system is improved in the measurement position of sensor；Using 10 dot laser displacement sensors in measuring system, use
Meet the positioning datum of actual condition, complete the measurement to the size and run-out tolerance of different types of Railway wheelset, Neng Goubao
Demonstrate,prove high measurement accuracy, high repetitive positioning accuracy and the purpose for meeting enterprise's productive temp.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the Railway wheelset mechanical system normal axomometric drawing of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the wheel of the present invention to conveying device normal axomometric drawing.
Fig. 3 is the wheel of the present invention to positioning datum support device normal axomometric drawing.
Fig. 4 is the wheel of the present invention to rotating driving device normal axomometric drawing.
The high precision movement detection device that Fig. 5 is the present invention forms normal axomometric drawing.
Fig. 6 is the high precision mobile platform normal axomometric drawing of the present invention.
Fig. 7 arranges normal axomometric drawing for sensor of the invention.
Fig. 8 is the Railway wheelset control system schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is the wheel rolling circular diameter operation principle schematic diagram of the present invention.
Figure 10 is present invention wheel potential difference, inside away from operation principle schematic diagram.
Figure 11 is disk place value operation principle schematic diagram of the present invention.
Figure 12 is the qR value measurement request schematic diagrames of the present invention.
Figure 13 is the qR operation principle schematic diagrams of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples：Detector for train wheel pair size and run-out tolerance
On-line detecting system, mechanical system is as shown in Figure 1, by pedestal I, gantry frame II, wheel to conveying device III, wheel to positioning datum
Support device IV, wheel form rotating driving device V, high precision movement detection device VI；It is characterized in that：It is installed on pedestal I
Gantry frame II, wheel are to conveying device III, wheel to positioning datum support device IV, wheel to rotating driving device V；Gantry frame
High precision movement detection device VI is installed on II.
The wheel is to conveying device III as shown in Figure 2, by V-type support base 1, linear bearing 2, bearings frame 3, electricity
It pushes away cylinder 4, mobility framework 5, linear guides 6 and cylinder 7 to form, linear guides 6 are symmetrically arranged on pedestal I, are responsible for measured wheel pair
Linear motion.Bearings frame 3 is fixedly mounted on the linear guides sliding block of both sides, installation is straight on bearings frame 3
Spool holds 2, is responsible for measured wheel to vertical movement；In 2 upper end of linear bearing installation V-type support base 1, be responsible for measured wheel to rising or
The positioning of wheel shaft during decline, electrical pushing cylinder 4 is mounted on bearings frame 3 and is connected with V-type support base 1, right in mobility framework 5
Claim installation bearing braced frame 3, cylinder 7 is installed under mobility framework 5；
Wherein V-type support base 1, linear bearing 2, bearings frame 3 and electrical pushing cylinder 4 form elevating mechanism, complete to wheel
To ascending, descending act.Elevating mechanism is mounted in mobility framework 5.Mobility framework 5, linear guides 6 and the composition conveying of cylinder 7 are flat
Platform completes the back-and-forth motion to wheel pair.
The wheel divides positioning datum support device IV each 1 set around as shown in Figure 3, including pedestal 8, the support of bearing 9
It is formed with two bearings 10.Pedestal 8 is mounted on pedestal I, is responsible for the support of whole device；The support of bearing 9 is mounted on pedestal 8
On, bearing 10 is mounted on the support of bearing 9, is responsible for the wheel shaft of support rotation；Two bearings 10 are used to be arranged in " V " word, and with
Two bearing top circles, to the radial positioning benchmark of on-line checking, ensure that Wheel set detecting result more can really reflect wheel pair as wheel
Actual operating status.The outer surface of axle journal is achieved in as radial positioning benchmark so that measured on this benchmark
Data more meet the actual condition of train operation.
The wheel includes decelerating motor 11, Hooks coupling universal coupling 12, movable block to rotating driving device V as shown in Figure 4
13rd, first piece of servo-actuated briquetting 14, second pieces of servo-actuated briquettings 15, handle 16, linear guides 17, motor supporting bases 18 form, universal
Shaft coupling 12 is mounted on 11 output shaft of decelerating motor, and decelerating motor 11 is mounted on axial self-locking device, axial self-locking device
On motor supporting base 18, motor supporting base 18 is mounted on pedestal I；Wherein axial self-locking device is by movable block 13, line
Property guide rail, the first servo-actuated briquetting, the second servo-actuated briquetting, handle composition, be responsible for the axial direction of decelerating motor 11 and Hooks coupling universal coupling 12
It adjusts.The linear guides 17 are on motor supporting base 18；Movable block 13 is installed on linear guides sliding block；First piece with
14 one end of dynamic pressure block is mounted on movable block 13, and the other end is connected with second piece of servo-actuated 15 one end of briquetting；Second piece of servo-actuated briquetting 15
One end is mounted on the riser of motor supporting base 18, and the other end is connected with handle 16；Handle 16 is on movable block 13.Realize wheel pair
It rotates and ensures that wheel is not to occurring axial float in measurement process.
As shown in figure 5, the high precision movement detection device VI is by left axle shoulder mobile platform 19, right axle shoulder mobile platform
20th, detection crossbeam 21, left qR mobile platforms 22,23 and first Z-direction mobile platform 24 of right qR mobile platforms, the movement of the second Z-direction are flat
Platform 25, the 3rd Z-direction mobile platform 26 form.Left axle shoulder mobile platform 19 is mounted on the left column of gantry frame II, right axle shoulder
Mobile platform 20 is mounted on the right column of gantry frame II, and detection crossbeam 21 is mounted on II crossbeam of gantry frame, the first Z-direction
Mobile platform 24, the second Z-direction mobile platform 25 and the 3rd Z-direction mobile platform 26 are mounted on detection crossbeam 21, and left qR movements are flat
Platform 22 is mounted on the first Z-direction mobile platform 24, and right qR mobile platforms 23 are mounted on the 3rd Z-direction mobile platform 26.
5 horizontal shifting platforms and 3 vertically move installs an absolute grating scale respectively on platform.
The left axle shoulder mobile platform 19 and right axle shoulder mobile platform 20 install 2 laser displacement sensors respectively, are
Left axle shoulder benchmark/right axle shoulder benchmark and left axle footpath reference measurement sensor/right axle footpath reference measurement sensor, left axle shoulder benchmark pass
Sensor/right axle shoulder reference sensor can carry out nose balance in real time, realize that axially position accurately measures, and can complete to measure
Function；Left axle footpath reference measurement sensor/right axle footpath reference measurement sensor can monitor journal surface with respect to center in real time
The jitter values in hole compensate, and realize accurate measurement circular runout value；
The left qR mobile platforms 22 and right qR mobile platforms 23 install 1 laser displacement sensor respectively, for can be with
Complete the measurement that wheel justifies wheel rolling circular diameter, qR, wheel rolling circular runout；
1 laser displacement sensing is installed respectively on the first Z-direction mobile platform 24 and the second Z-direction mobile platform 23
Device can complete distance between backs of wheel flanges, the measurement that road wheel end is jumped；
The Z-direction mobile platform 2 installs 2 laser displacement sensors, can complete the measurement that wheel jumps brake disc end.
Mobile platform as shown in Figure 6 is by moving stent 27, servomotor 28, lead screw pair 29, slide 30,31 groups of sliding block
Into；Slide 30 is mounted on mobile stent 27, is responsible for platform motion guide and support；Sliding block 31 is mounted on slide 30, in cunning
Sensor is installed on block 30；Lead screw pair 29 is rack-mount and connects mobile stent 27, is responsible for the motion transmission of platform；Servo
Motor 28 is mounted on leading screw end.
10 sensors, 19/ right axle of left axle shoulder mobile platform are installed in high precision movement detection device VI as shown in Figure 7
Shoulder mobile platform 20 installs 2 laser displacement sensors respectively, is 32/ right axle shoulder reference sensor 33 of left axle shoulder reference sensor
With 34/ right axle footpath reference measurement sensor 35 of left axle footpath reference measurement sensor, left 36/ right qR mobile platforms 37 of qR mobile platforms
1 laser displacement sensor is installed respectively, 1 is installed respectively on the first Z-direction mobile platform 38 and the 3rd Z-direction mobile platform 39
Laser displacement sensor, the second Z-direction mobile platform 40 install 2 laser displacement sensors.By the translation of mobile platform, make
Corresponding measurement is completed in the measurement position that sensor arrival is specified.
PMAC servo control systems as shown in Figure 8, pattern displacement feedback control system, PLC control system and survey
It measures data collecting system and forms control system；Wherein PMAC kinetic control systems send servo command by PMAC motion control cards,
To control the action of the 8 of high precision movement detection device VI motion platforms, i.e. left axle shoulder mobile platform 19, the movement of right axle shoulder
Platform 20, detection crossbeam 21, left qR mobile platforms 22,23 and first Z-direction mobile platform 24 of right qR mobile platforms, the second Z-direction are moved
8 servomotors of moving platform 25, the 3rd Z-direction mobile platform 26；Pattern displacement reponse system is by high precision movement detection device
The grating scale of VI 8 motion platforms is measured the mobile data of platform back to PMAC motion control cards, by control calorimeter
Calculate the Accurate Position Control that compensation rate realizes laser displacement sensor.Ensure the high repetitive positioning accuracy of measuring system.
PLC control system control wheel is to the servo electrical pushing cylinder 4 of left and right 2 of conveying device, cylinder 7 and wheel to rotation driving
The decelerating motor 11 of device.Measurement data acquisition system gathers the data of 10 laser displacement sensors by data collecting card,
That is 32/ right axle shoulder reference sensor 33 of left axle shoulder reference sensor, 34/ right axle footpath reference sensor of left axle footpath reference sensor
35th, left 36/ right qR sensors 37 of qR sensors, the first Z-direction mobile platform 38 and sensor on the 3rd Z-direction mobile platform 39,
The sensor of second Z-direction mobile platform 40.
Specific detection process is as follows：
（1）Dimensional measurement：
1）Wheel rolling circular diameter
Laser displacement sensor as shown in Figure 9 1. and 2. station acquisition wheel rolling circular diameter data, and number will be measured
The diameter of wheel is calculated according to difference is carried out with calibration data.Left and right wheels are measured respectively rolls circular diameter.Formula is as follows：
D=D0-(SensorDetect-SensorDetect0)*2
In formula：D：Tested wheel rolling circle diameter, D0：Calibrating wheel rolls circular diameter, SensorDetect0：Laser position
Displacement sensor is in 1. or 2. position measurement calibration wheel to measured value, SensorDetect：Laser displacement sensor is in 1. or 2. position
Measurement measured wheel is put to measured value.
The method that measurement diameter is illustrated with 1. position measurement wheel diameter actual measurement data.
2）Take turns potential difference
The data of collection point at 3., 4., the 5. and 6. position of laser displacement sensor as shown in Figure 10, with calibration data into
Row difference takes turns potential difference value to calculate.Formula is as follows：
Dow=ABS(DowL-DowR)
Dow：Measured wheel is to taking turns potential difference, DowL：Measured wheel is to left side wheels potential difference, DowR：Measured wheel is to right-hand wheel potential difference；
DowL=DowL0+(SensorDetect1L-SensorDetect1L0)+(SensorDetect2L-
SensorDetect2L0)
In formula, DowdL0：Calibration wheel is to left side wheels potential difference, SensorDetect1L：Left side laser displacement sensor is in place
It puts and 3. measures measured wheel to measured value, SensorDetect1L0：3. left side laser displacement sensor measures calibration wheel pair in position
Measured value, SensorDetect2L：4. left side laser displacement sensor measures measured wheel in position to measured value,
SensorDetect2L0：4. left side laser displacement sensor measures calibration wheel in position to measured value；
DowR=DowR0+(SensorDetect1R-SensorDetect1R0)+(SensorDetect2R-
SensorDetect2R0)
In formula, DowR0：Calibration wheel is to right-hand wheel potential difference, SensorDetect1R：Right side laser displacement sensor is in position
6. measured wheel is measured to measured value, SensorDetect1R0：6. right side laser displacement sensor measures calibration wheel in position to surveying
Magnitude, SensorDetect2R：5. right side laser displacement sensor measures measured wheel in position to measured value,
SensorDetect2R0：5. right side laser displacement sensor measures calibration wheel in position to measured value.
Left side wheels potential difference value elaboration measuring method 3., is 4. measured leftward position to take turns.
3）Distance between backs of wheel flanges from
Laser displacement sensor as shown in Figure 10 4., 5. at position collection point data, carry out difference with calibration data
Come calculate distance between backs of wheel flanges from.
Dbw=Dbw0-((SensorDetect2L0+ SensorDetect2R0)-( SensorDetect2L+
SensorDetect2R))
In formula, Dbw：Tested distance between backs of wheel flanges, Dbw0：Calibrate distance between backs of wheel flanges, SensorDetect2L：Left side laser
4. displacement sensor measures measured wheel in position to measured value, SensorDetect2L0：Left side laser displacement sensor is in position
4. measurement calibration wheel is to measured value；SensorDetect2R：5. right side laser displacement sensor measures measured wheel in position to surveying
Magnitude, SensorDetect2R0：5. right side laser displacement sensor measures calibration wheel in position to measured value.
Distance between backs of wheel flanges elaboration measuring method 4., is 5. measured position to take turns.
4）Disk place value
The data of 3., 6., 7., 8. locating collection point of the laser displacement sensor as shown in Figure 11, it is poor to be carried out with calibration data
Value is taken turns to calculate to disk place value.Figure 10 is shown with 3 axle-mounted brake disks, just there is 3 disk place values.It is carried out successively by figure arrow direction
Measurement.Brake disc illustrates measuring method in tri- positions of A, B and C, with location A.Formula is as follows：
E1=E10+(SensorDetect1L-SensorDetect1L0)+( SensorDetect3R-
SensorDetect3R0)
E1：Measured wheel is to location A disk place value, E10：Calibration wheel is to location A disk place value, SensorDetect1L：Swash in left side
3. Optical displacement sensor measures measured wheel in position to measured value, SensorDetect1L0：Left side laser displacement sensor is in place
3. measurement calibration is put to take turns to measured value；SensorDetect3R：8. right side laser displacement sensor measures measured wheel pair in position
Measured value, SensorDetect3R0：8. right side laser displacement sensor measures calibration wheel in position to measured value.
To take turns, to position, 3., 8. measurement wheel illustrates measuring method to disk place value.
5）QR values
Wheel carries out a wheel rim profile scanning to 120 ° of laser displacement sensors of every rotation direction as shown in figure 12, often
0.05mm obtains the data of a profile point, obtains complete wheel rim data after the end of scan, obtains as shown in fig. 13 that
QR experiment curvs, so as to calculate qR values.
Run-out tolerance
1）Wheel rolling justifies circular runout
Laser displacement sensor press in Fig. 9 1., 2. station acquisition data.Processing step is as follows：
Step 1：The data of 3 circles are rotated at laser displacement sensor acquisition wheel tread diameter（4800 points）；
Step 2：Point data is filtered, removes the noise spot at wheel tread diameter, such as little particle point, small
Pit etc.；
Step 3：The minimum value of maximum-point data of wheel rolling circle circular runout=point data.
2）Road wheel end is jumped
Laser displacement sensor press in Figure 10 4., 5. station acquisition data.Processing step is as follows：
Step 1：Laser displacement sensor acquisition wheel end face rotates the data of 3 circles（4800 points）；
Step 2：Point data is filtered, the noise spot on wheel end face is removed, such as little particle point, small rut
Deng；
Step 3：The minimum value of maximum-point data of road wheel end jump=point data.
3）It jumps at brake disc end
Laser displacement sensor press in Figure 11 7., 8. station acquisition data.Processing step is as follows：
Step 1：Laser displacement sensor acquisition braking side surface rotates the data of 3 circles；
Step 2：Point data is filtered, the noise spot on wheel end face is removed, such as little particle point, small rut
Deng；
Step 3：The minimum value of maximum-point data of brake disc end jump=point data.
Claims (8)
1. detector for train wheel pair size and run-out tolerance on-line detecting system, mechanical system fills conveying by pedestal, gantry frame, wheel
It puts, take turns to positioning datum support device, wheel to rotating driving device, high precision movement detection device composition；It is characterized in that：Base
Gantry frame on seat is installed, is taken turns to conveying device, wheel to positioning datum support device, wheel to rotating driving device；Gantry frame
On high precision movement detection device is installed；
The wheel is to conveying device by V-type support base, linear bearing, bearings frame, electrical pushing cylinder, mobility framework, linear
Guide rail and cylinder composition；Linear guides are symmetrically arranged on pedestal, are responsible for the linear motion of measured wheel pair；Linear in both sides is led
Bearings frame is fixedly mounted on rail sliding block, linear bearing is installed on bearings frame, is responsible for measured wheel to vertical movement；
V-type support base is installed in linear bearing upper end, the positioning of wheel shaft when being responsible for measured wheel to rising or falling, electrical pushing cylinder is mounted on axis
It holds in braced frame and is connected with V-type support base, bearings frame is symmetrically installed in mobility framework, cylinder is installed on movable frame
Under frame；
The wheel is left and right symmetrically arranged on pedestal positioning datum support device, including pedestal, the support of bearing and two pairs of axis
It holds；Floor installation is responsible for the support of whole device on pedestal；The support of bearing is mounted on pedestal, and bearing is mounted on bearing branch
On frame, it is responsible for the wheel shaft of support rotation；Two bearings are used to be arranged in " V " word, and using two bearing top circles as wheel to online
The radial positioning benchmark of detection ensures that Wheel set detecting result more can really reflect wheel to actual operating status；
The wheel includes decelerating motor, Hooks coupling universal coupling, axial self-locking device, motor supporting base to rotating driving device；Its
Middle Hooks coupling universal coupling is mounted in reducing motor output shaft, and decelerating motor is mounted on axial self-locking device, axial self-locking device
On motor supporting base, motor supporting base is mounted on pedestal；Wherein axial self-locking device by movable block, linear guides,
First servo-actuated briquetting, the second servo-actuated briquetting, handle composition, responsible decelerating motor and Hooks coupling universal coupling are adjusted axially；
The linear guides are on motor supporting base；Movable block is installed on linear guides sliding block；First servo-actuated briquetting one
End is mounted on movable block, and the other end is connected with second servo-actuated briquetting one end；Second servo-actuated briquetting one end is mounted on motor supporting base
Riser on, the other end is connected with handle；Handle is on movable block；
The high precision movement detection device vertically moves platform by 5 horizontal shifting platforms and 3 and forms, 5 horizontal shiftings
Moving platform is respectively left axle shoulder mobile platform, right axle shoulder mobile platform, detects crossbeam, left qR mobile platforms, right qR mobile platforms,
It is respectively the first Z-direction mobile platform that 3, which vertically move platform, the second Z-direction mobile platform, the 3rd Z-direction mobile platform.
2. detector for train wheel pair size according to claim 1 and run-out tolerance on-line detecting system, it is characterised in that described
Mobile platform is formed by moving stent, servomotor, lead screw pair, slide, sliding block；Slide is mounted on mobile stent, is responsible for flat
Platform motion guide and support；Sliding block is mounted on slide, and sensor is installed on sliding block；Lead screw pair is rack-mount and connects
Mobile stent is responsible for the motion transmission of platform；Servomotor is mounted on leading screw end.
3. detector for train wheel pair size according to claim 1 and run-out tolerance on-line detecting system, it is characterised in that described
Left axle shoulder mobile platform is mounted on the left column of gantry frame, and right axle shoulder mobile platform is mounted on the right column of gantry frame
On, detection crossbeam is mounted on gantry frame crossbeam, the first Z-direction mobile platform, the second mobile platform and the 3rd mobile platform peace
On detection crossbeam, left qR mobile platforms are mounted on the first Z-direction mobile platform, and right qR mobile platforms are mounted on the 3rd Z-direction
On mobile platform.
4. detector for train wheel pair size according to claim 1 and run-out tolerance on-line detecting system, it is characterised in that described 5
A horizontal shifting platform and 3 vertically move installs an absolute grating scale respectively on platform.
5. detector for train wheel pair size according to claim 1 and run-out tolerance on-line detecting system, it is characterised in that described
Left axle shoulder mobile platform and right axle shoulder mobile platform install 2 laser displacement sensors respectively, are left axle shoulder reference sensor/right side
Shaft shoulder reference sensor and left axle footpath reference measurement sensor/right axle footpath reference measurement sensor, the left axle shoulder reference sensor/right side
Shaft shoulder reference sensor can carry out nose balance in real time, realize that axially position accurately measures, and can complete the function of measurement；
Left axle footpath reference measurement sensor/right axle footpath reference measurement sensor can monitor bounce of the journal surface with respect to centre bore in real time
Value compensates, and realizes accurate measurement circular runout value.
6. detector for train wheel pair size according to claim 1 and run-out tolerance on-line detecting system, it is characterised in that described
Left qR mobile platforms and right qR mobile platforms install 1 laser displacement sensor respectively, and wheel rolling is justified for that can complete wheel
Diameter, qR, the measurement of wheel rolling circle circular runout.
7. detector for train wheel pair size according to claim 1 and run-out tolerance on-line detecting system, it is characterised in that described
1 laser displacement sensor is installed respectively on first Z-direction mobile platform and the 3rd Z-direction mobile platform, wheel can be completed to inside
The measurement jumped away from, road wheel end；Second Z-direction mobile platform installs 2 laser displacement sensors, can complete wheel and brake disc end is jumped
Measurement.
8. detector for train wheel pair size according to claim 1 and run-out tolerance on-line detecting system, it is characterised in that：Online inspection
Examining system is to form closed-loop control system using PMAC Serve Motor Controls and pattern displacement reponse system, sharp for accurately controlling
The measurement position of Optical displacement sensor, the control system are divided into four parts, PMAC Serve Motor Controls, pattern displacement feedback control
System, PLC controls and measurement data acquisition system；Industrial personal computer issues instructions to PMAC motion control cards, PMAC motion control cards
Servo-driver 1 ~ 8 is sent a signal to, then is controlled respectively mounted on left axle shoulder mobile platform, right axle shoulder by servo-driver 1 ~ 8
Mobile platform, detection crossbeam, left qR mobile platforms, right qR mobile platforms, the first Z-direction mobile platform, the second Z-direction mobile platform,
8 servomotors on 3rd Z-direction mobile platform are in rotary moving；The movement of 8 mobile platforms of high precision movement detection device
Distance is measured by grating scale and feeds back to PMAC motion control cards, then the essence of compensation rate realization mobile platform is calculated by control card
True position control；PLC control system control wheel drives rotation on the servo electrical pushing cylinder of left and right 2 of conveying device, cylinder and wheel
The decelerating motor of dynamic device；Measurement data acquisition system gathers the data of 10 laser displacement sensors by data collecting card,
That is left/right shaft shoulder reference sensor, left/right diameter of axle reference sensor, left/right qR sensors, the first Z-direction mobile platform and the 3rd
Sensor, the sensor of the second Z-direction mobile platform on Z-direction mobile platform；Specific detection process is as follows：
1. it takes turns measured wheel to the cylinder of conveying device to being conveyed horizontally to test position；
2. take turns makes measured wheel to departing from rail by measured wheel to the servo electrical pushing cylinder at conveying device both ends to lifting；
3. servo electrical pushing cylinder is smoothly by measured wheel to being placed on wheel in positioning datum support device；
4. decelerating motor driving Hooks coupling universal coupling makes measured wheel to, at the uniform velocity being rotated in positioning datum support device, 8 are moved in wheel
Moving platform moves to designated position, completes each parameter detecting of measured wheel pair；
5. when tested Wheel set detecting is completed, measured wheel is made measured wheel to departing from wheel to positioning datum by servo electrical pushing cylinder to lifting
Support device；
6. it takes turns measured wheel to the cylinder of conveying device to sending to initial position；
7. servo electrical pushing cylinder makes measured wheel complete the detection process of a wheel pair to falling on rail.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201610743925.4A CN106441088B (en) | 2016-08-29 | 2016-08-29 | A kind of detector for train wheel pair size and run-out tolerance on-line detecting system |
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| CN201610743925.4A CN106441088B (en) | 2016-08-29 | 2016-08-29 | A kind of detector for train wheel pair size and run-out tolerance on-line detecting system |
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| CN106989671B (en) * | 2017-03-27 | 2019-12-06 | 吉林省计量科学研究院 | Locomotive wheel pair optical measurement device |
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| CN111156914B (en) * | 2020-01-09 | 2024-05-28 | 吉林大学 | Intelligent detection system and method for deformation of double sidewalls of automobile wheels |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101619965B (en) * | 2009-08-14 | 2012-04-18 | 北京领邦仪器技术有限公司 | Wheel-pair automatic measuring device |
| CN102062577B (en) * | 2010-12-06 | 2012-07-18 | 柳州科路测量仪器有限责任公司 | Automatic laser detector for wheel sets and method for automatically detecting wheel sets |
| CN202216662U (en) * | 2011-08-22 | 2012-05-09 | 北京新联铁科技发展有限公司 | High-power locomotive wheel set measuring machine |
| CN105292182A (en) * | 2015-11-13 | 2016-02-03 | 南京理工大学 | Wheel set size on-line detection method and device based on various sensors |
| CN206095149U (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2017-04-12 | 长春工程学院 | Train wheel set size and run -out tolerance on -line measuring system |
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