CN106441088A - Online train wheelset dimension and run-out tolerance detection system - Google Patents
Online train wheelset dimension and run-out tolerance detection system Download PDFInfo
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- CN106441088A CN106441088A CN201610743925.4A CN201610743925A CN106441088A CN 106441088 A CN106441088 A CN 106441088A CN 201610743925 A CN201610743925 A CN 201610743925A CN 106441088 A CN106441088 A CN 106441088A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/08—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring diameters
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/14—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring distance or clearance between spaced objects or spaced apertures
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B5/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
- G01B5/0025—Measuring of vehicle parts
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- Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to an online train wheelset dimension and run-out tolerance detection system. The mechanical system comprises a foundation, a gantry framework, a wheelset conveying device, a wheelset positioning reference supporting device, a wheelset rotation driving device and a high-precision movement detection device. The system is characterized in that the foundation is equipped with the gantry framework, the wheelset conveying device, the wheelset positioning reference supporting device and the wheelset rotation driving device, and the gantry framework is equipped with the high-precision movement detection device; employing a shaft neck outer surface as radial position reference is more consistent with actual work conditions of train operation; an axial self-locking device is employed to guarantee that no wheelset position offset occurs in a wheelset rotation measurement process; a control system employs a servo motor for control and an absolute raster displacement feedback system to form a closed loop control system, precise control on the measurement position of a laser displacement sensor is guaranteed, and repetition positioning precision of the system is improved. The system is advantaged in that high detection precision and high repetition positioning precision can be guaranteed, and a purpose of satisfying enterprise production rhythms is realized.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of detector for train wheel pair size and run-out tolerance on-line detecting system, belong to that Railway wheelset is non-online to be connect
Touch field of measuring technique.
Background technology
Railway wheelset is the vitals in the bogie of car, and not only high-speed heavy-load trains to be born is owned by wheel
Quiet, dynamic loading, also directly decides the quality of the safety having influence on vehicle operation and quality.At rolling stock at high speed, greatly
Load-carrying, today of light structure direction development, workmanship is had higher requirement by wheel.
At present, domestic trolley coach manufacturing enterprise is at greatly hand dipping rank in Railway wheelset workmanship context of detection
Section.Wheel during Railway wheelset detection rotates and wheel is also to complete by hand to reference record, manual measurement not only loaded down with trivial details,
Labour intensity is big, and survey tool falls behind, it is impossible to eliminate artificial measure error.
Existing take turns to self-operated measuring unit substantially all using the centre bore of wheel shaft two end as positioning datum, thus realize wheel
To positioning axially and radially, but use centre bore to detect as detection benchmark and take turns the result to circular runout and wheel wheel pair
Actual condition be not inconsistent, have uncertain radial positioning error.
The existing wheel based on structure striation method is to self-operated measuring unit, and its measuring principle is：During wheel is advanced
By CCD camera, the image of a certain for wheel section is collected in time, then the image being obtained is analyzed, with
Extracting the measured curve of wheel rim and tread, the calibrated standard wheel curve ratio set up afterwards and relatively, thus draws flange tread
The parameters such as abrasion situation.Light belt (the friendship of optical cross-section and wheel that during this detection device busy, CCD camera is gathered
Line) image should be a curve in theory, and actually CCD video camera acquired image is a wider light belt, its
In inevitably contain many noises, this allows for measurement result and there is bigger detection error.
Content of the invention
According to the problems referred to above, it is an object of the invention to provide detector for train wheel pair size and run-out tolerance on-line detecting system,
Use using journal outer surface as radial direction positioning datum, more meet train operation actual condition；Use axial self-locking assembling device, protect
Position is offset by card wheel to not occurring during wheel measuring to take turns；Control system uses Serve Motor Control and absolute grating position
Move reponse system and constitute closed-loop control system, it is ensured that accurately control the measurement position of laser displacement sensor, improve the weight of system
Multiple positioning precision；Measurement system uses 10 some laser displacement sensors, uses the positioning datum meeting actual condition, complete
Measurement to the size of different types of Railway wheelset and run-out tolerance, ensure that high measurement accuracy, high repetitive positioning accuracy
With the purpose meeting enterprise's productive temp.
For achieving the above object, the present invention is by the following technical solutions：Detector for train wheel pair size and run-out tolerance on-line checking
System, mechanical system is driven dress to positioning datum support means, wheel to rotating to conveying device, wheel by pedestal, gantry frame, wheel
Put, high precision movement detection device forms.It is characterized in that：Gantry frame, wheel are installed to conveying device, wheel on pedestal to positioning
Reference support device, wheel are to rotating driving device；High precision movement detection device is installed on gantry frame；
Described wheel is supported seat, linear bearing, bearings framework, electrical pushing cylinder, mobile framework, linear to conveying device by V-type
Guide rail and cylinder composition；Linear guides is symmetrically arranged on pedestal, is responsible for the linear motion of measured wheel pair.Linearly leading in both sides
Fixedly mount bearings framework on rail slide block, bearings framework is installed linear bearing, be responsible for measured wheel to vertical movement；
Installing V-type in linear bearing upper end and supporting seat, be responsible for the positioning to wheel shaft when rising or falling for the measured wheel, electrical pushing cylinder is arranged on axle
Holding in support frame and supporting seat with V-type and be connected, mobile framework is symmetrically installed bearings framework, cylinder is installed on movable frame
Under frame；
Positioning datum support means is left and right symmetrically arranged on pedestal by described wheel, including base, the support of bearing and two pairs of axles
Hold.Floor installation, on pedestal, is responsible for the support of whole device；The support of bearing is arranged on base, and bearing is arranged on bearing and props up
It on frame, is responsible for supporting the wheel shaft rotating；
Two bearings use to be arranged in " V " word, and using two bearing top circles as the radial direction positioning datum taken turns to on-line checking, protects
Card Wheel set detecting result more can truly reflect wheel to actual running status.
Described wheel includes reducing motor, Hooks coupling universal coupling, axial self-locking device, motor support to rotating driving device
Seat.Hooks coupling universal coupling is arranged on reducing motor output shaft, and reducing motor is arranged on axial self-locking device, axial self-locking device
Being arranged on motor supporting base, motor supporting base is arranged on pedestal；Wherein axial self-locking device by movable block, linear guides,
First servo-actuated briquetting, the second servo-actuated briquetting, handle composition, responsible reducing motor is adjusted axially with Hooks coupling universal coupling.Described
Linear guides is contained on motor supporting base；Movable block is installed on linear guides slide block；First servo-actuated briquetting one end is arranged on shifting
Motion block, the other end and second servo-actuated briquetting one end are connected；Second servo-actuated briquetting one end is arranged on the riser of motor supporting base, separately
One end is connected with handle；Handle is on movable block.
Described high precision movement detection device, is vertically moved platform by 5 horizontal shifting platforms and 3 and forms, and 5 levels are moved
Moving platform is respectively left shaft shoulder mobile platform, right shaft shoulder mobile platform, detection crossbeam, left qR mobile platform, right qR mobile platform,
3 vertically move platform and are respectively the first Z-direction mobile platform, the second Z-direction mobile platform, the 3rd Z-direction mobile platform.
Described mobile platform is made up of traversing carriage, servomotor, lead screw pair, slide rail, slide block.Slide rail is arranged on movement
It on support, is responsible for platform motion guide and support；Slide block is arranged on slide rail, installs sensor on slide block；Lead screw pair is installed
It on support and connect traversing carriage, is responsible for the motion transmission of platform；Servomotor is arranged on leading screw end.
Described left shaft shoulder mobile platform is arranged on the left column of gantry frame, and right shaft shoulder mobile platform is arranged on gantry
On the right column of framework, detection crossbeam is arranged on gantry frame crossbeam, the first Z-direction mobile platform, the second mobile platform and the
Three mobile platforms are arranged on detection crossbeam, and left qR mobile platform is arranged on the first Z-direction mobile platform, and right qR mobile platform is pacified
It is contained on the 3rd Z-direction mobile platform.
5 described horizontal shifting platforms and 3 vertically move and are respectively mounted an absolute grating scale on platform.
Described left shaft shoulder mobile platform and right shaft shoulder mobile platform are respectively mounted 2 laser displacement sensors, are left axle
Shoulder reference sensor/right shaft shoulder reference sensor and left diameter of axle reference measurement sensor/right diameter of axle reference measurement sensor, left axle
Shoulder reference sensor/right shaft shoulder reference sensor can carry out nose balance in real time, it is achieved axial registration measurement, it is possible to
Complete the function of measurement；Left diameter of axle reference measurement sensor/right diameter of axle reference measurement sensor can monitor journal surface in real time
The jitter values of relative centre bore compensates, it is achieved accurately measurement circular runout value；
Described left qR mobile platform and right qR mobile platform are respectively mounted 1 laser displacement sensor, right for completing to take turns
Wheel rolling circular diameter, qR, the measurement of wheel rolling circle circular runout；
It is respectively mounted 1 laser displacement sensor on the first described Z-direction mobile platform and the 3rd Z-direction mobile platform, can be complete
Become the measurement that distance between backs of wheel flanges, road wheel end are jumped；
The second described Z-direction mobile platform installs 2 laser displacement sensors, can complete to take turns the measurement jumping brake disc end.
Described on-line detecting system is to use PMAC Serve Motor Control to constitute closed loop control with pattern displacement reponse system
System processed, for the accurate measurement position controlling laser displacement sensor, this control system is divided into four parts, PMAC servo electricity
Machine controls, pattern displacement FEEDBACK CONTROL, PLC control and measurement data acquisition system；Industrial computer issues instructions to PMAC motion
Control card, PMAC motion control card is signaled to servo-driver 1 ~ 8, then is controlled respectively by servo-driver 1 ~ 8 and be arranged on
Left shaft shoulder mobile platform, right shaft shoulder mobile platform, detection crossbeam, left qR mobile platform, right qR mobile platform, the first Z-direction move
Platform, the second Z-direction mobile platform, 8 servomotors on the 3rd Z-direction mobile platform are in rotary moving；High precision movement detection dress
The displacement of 8 mobile platforms put is recorded by grating scale and feeds back to PMAC motion control card, then is calculated by control card
Compensation rate realizes the Accurate Position Control of mobile platform.The high repetitive positioning accuracy of guarantee system.PLC control system control wheel pair
2, the left and right of conveying device servo electrical pushing cylinder, cylinder and the reducing motor to rotating driving device for the wheel.Measurement data acquisition system
System gathers the data of 10 laser displacement sensors, i.e. left/right shaft shoulder reference sensor, the left/right diameter of axle by data collecting card
Sensor on reference sensor, left/right qR sensor, the first Z-direction mobile platform and the 3rd Z-direction mobile platform, the second Z-direction are moved
The sensor of moving platform.
Concrete detection process is as follows：
1. take turns the cylinder to conveying device and measured wheel is detected position to being conveyed horizontally to；
2. take turns the servo electrical pushing cylinder to conveying device two ends makes measured wheel to disengaging rail by measured wheel to lifting；
3. measured wheel is taken turns in positioning datum support means by servo electrical pushing cylinder smoothly to being placed on；
4. reducing motor drives Hooks coupling universal coupling to make measured wheel at the uniform velocity rotate in positioning datum support means at wheel, 8 shiftings
Moving platform moves to specify position, completes each parameter detecting of measured wheel pair；
5., when tested Wheel set detecting completes, lifting is made measured wheel take turns to positioning datum to departing from by servo electrical pushing cylinder by measured wheel
Support means；
6. the cylinder to conveying device is taken turns by measured wheel to delivering to initial position；
7. servo electrical pushing cylinder makes measured wheel to falling on rail, complete one wheel to detection operation.Carried out by same order
Next wheel to detection work.
The positive effect of the present invention is that it uses using journal outer surface as radial direction positioning datum, more meets train operation real
Border operating mode；Use axial self-locking assembling device, it is ensured that position is offset by wheel to not occurring during wheel measuring to take turns；In control system
Serve Motor Control is used to constitute closed-loop control system with absolute grating Displacement Feedback system, it is ensured that accurately control laser displacement passes
The measurement position of sensor, improves the repetitive positioning accuracy of system；Measurement system uses 10 some laser displacement sensors, uses
Meet the positioning datum of actual condition, complete the measurement of the size to different types of Railway wheelset and run-out tolerance, Neng Goubao
Card high measurement accuracy, high repetitive positioning accuracy and the purpose meeting enterprise's productive temp.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is the Railway wheelset mechanical system normal axomometric drawing of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is that the wheel of the present invention is to conveying device normal axomometric drawing.
Fig. 3 is that the wheel of the present invention is to positioning datum support means normal axomometric drawing.
Fig. 4 is that the wheel of the present invention is to rotating driving device normal axomometric drawing.
Fig. 5 is the high precision movement detection device composition normal axomometric drawing of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the high precision mobile platform normal axomometric drawing of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is that sensor of the invention arranges normal axomometric drawing.
Fig. 8 is the Railway wheelset control system schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is the wheel rolling circular diameter operation principle schematic diagram of the present invention.
Figure 10 is that the present invention takes turns potential difference, inner side away from operation principle schematic diagram.
Figure 11 is dish place value operation principle schematic diagram of the present invention.
Figure 12 is that the qR value measurement of the present invention requires schematic diagram.
Figure 13 is the qR operation principle schematic diagram of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
With embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings：Detector for train wheel pair size and run-out tolerance
On-line detecting system, the IIth, mechanical system as it is shown in figure 1, taken turns by pedestal the Ith, gantry frame and the IIIth, take turns conveying device to positioning datum
Support means the IVth, take turns to rotating driving device the Vth, high precision movement detection device VI form；It is characterized in that：Install on pedestal I
The IIth, gantry frame is taken turns to conveying device the IIIth, to take turns and the IVth, is taken turns to rotating driving device V to positioning datum support means；Gantry frame
High precision movement detection device VI is installed on II.
Wheel described as shown in Figure 2, to conveying device III, is supported seat the 1st, linear bearing the 2nd, bearings framework the 3rd, electricity by V-type
Pushing away cylinder and the 4th, moving framework the 5th, linear guides 6 and cylinder 7 forms, linear guides 6 is symmetrically arranged on pedestal I, is responsible for measured wheel pair
Linear motion.The linear guides slide block of both sides fixedly mounts bearings framework 3, bearings framework 3 is installed straight
Bobbin holds 2, is responsible for measured wheel to vertical movement；Linear bearing 2 upper end install V-type support seat 1, be responsible for measured wheel to rise or
The positioning of wheel shaft during decline, electrical pushing cylinder 4 is arranged on bearings framework 3 and supports seat 1 with V-type and is connected, right on mobile framework 5
Claiming to install bearings framework 3, cylinder 7 is installed under mobile framework 5；
Wherein V-type supports seat the 1st, linear bearing the 2nd, bearings framework 3 and electrical pushing cylinder 4 and forms elevating mechanism, complete to wheel to
Ascending, descending action.Elevating mechanism is arranged on mobile framework 5.Mobile framework the 5th, linear guides 6 and cylinder 7 form delivery platform, complete
In pairs wheel to before and after shift action.
Wheel described as shown in Figure 3 each 1 set to positioning datum support means about IV point, including base the 8th, the support of bearing 9
Form with two bearings 10.Base 8 is arranged on pedestal I, is responsible for the support of whole device；The support of bearing 9 is arranged on base 8
On, bearing 10 is arranged on the support of bearing 9, is responsible for supporting the wheel shaft rotating；Two bearings 10 use to be arranged in " V " word, and with
Two bearing top circles are as the radial direction positioning datum taken turns to on-line checking, it is ensured that Wheel set detecting result more can truly reflect that wheel is right
Actual running status.It is achieved in the outer surface of axle journal as radial direction positioning datum so that record on this benchmark
Data more meet the actual condition of train operation.
Wheel described as shown in Figure 4 includes reducing motor the 11st, Hooks coupling universal coupling the 12nd, movable block to rotating driving device V
13rd, first piece of servo-actuated briquetting the 14th, second piece of servo-actuated briquetting the 15th, handle the 16th, linear guides the 17th, motor supporting base 18 forms, universal
Shaft coupling 12 is arranged on reducing motor 11 output shaft, and reducing motor 11 is arranged on axial self-locking device, axial self-locking device
Being arranged on motor supporting base 18, motor supporting base 18 is arranged on pedestal I；Wherein axial self-locking device is by movable block the 13rd, line
Property guide rail, the first servo-actuated briquetting, the second servo-actuated briquetting, handle composition, be responsible for the axial of reducing motor 11 and Hooks coupling universal coupling 12
Regulation.Described linear guides 17 is contained on motor supporting base 18；Movable block 13 is installed on linear guides slide block；First piece with
Dynamic pressure block 14 one end is arranged on movable block 13, and the other end and second piece of servo-actuated briquetting 15 one end are connected；Second piece of servo-actuated briquetting 15
One end is arranged on the riser of motor supporting base 18, and the other end is connected with handle 16；Handle 16 is on movable block 13.Realize that wheel is right
Take turns to there is not axial float during rotating and ensureing measurement.
As it is shown in figure 5, described high precision movement detection device VI is by left shaft shoulder mobile platform the 19th, right shaft shoulder mobile platform the 20th,
Detection crossbeam the 21st, left qR mobile platform the 22nd, right qR mobile platform 23 and the first Z-direction mobile platform the 24th, the second Z-direction mobile platform
25th, the 3rd Z-direction mobile platform 26 forms.Left shaft shoulder mobile platform 19 is arranged on the left column of gantry frame II, and the right shaft shoulder moves
Moving platform 20 is arranged on the right column of gantry frame II, and detection crossbeam 21 is arranged on gantry frame II crossbeam, and the first Z-direction is moved
Moving platform the 24th, the second Z-direction mobile platform 25 and the 3rd Z-direction mobile platform 26 are arranged on detection crossbeam 21, left qR mobile platform
22 are arranged on the first Z-direction mobile platform 24, and right qR mobile platform 23 is arranged on the 3rd Z-direction mobile platform 26.
5 described horizontal shifting platforms and 3 vertically move and are respectively mounted an absolute grating scale on platform.
Described left shaft shoulder mobile platform 19 and right shaft shoulder mobile platform 20 are respectively mounted 2 laser displacement sensors, are
Left shaft shoulder benchmark/right shaft shoulder benchmark and left diameter of axle reference measurement sensor/right diameter of axle reference measurement sensor, left shaft shoulder benchmark passes
Sensor/right shaft shoulder reference sensor can carry out nose balance in real time, it is achieved axial registration measurement, it is possible to complete measurement
Function；Left diameter of axle reference measurement sensor/right diameter of axle reference measurement sensor can monitor journal surface in real time relative to center
The jitter values in hole compensates, it is achieved accurately measurement circular runout value；
Described left qR mobile platform 22 and right qR mobile platform 23 are respectively mounted 1 laser displacement sensor, for completing
Wheel is to wheel rolling circular diameter, qR, the measurement of wheel rolling circle circular runout；
It is respectively mounted 1 laser displacement sensor on the first described Z-direction mobile platform 24 and the second Z-direction mobile platform 23, can
With the measurement completing distance between backs of wheel flanges, road wheel end is jumped；
Described Z-direction mobile platform 2 installs 2 laser displacement sensors, can complete to take turns the measurement jumping brake disc end.
Mobile platform as shown in Figure 6 is by traversing carriage the 27th, servomotor the 28th, lead screw pair the 29th, slide rail the 30th, slide block 31 groups
Become；Slide rail 30 is arranged on traversing carriage 27, is responsible for platform motion guide and support；Slide block 31 is arranged on slide rail 30, is sliding
Sensor is installed on block 30；Lead screw pair 29 is rack-mount and connects traversing carriage 27, is responsible for the motion transmission of platform；Servo
Motor 28 is arranged on leading screw end.
On high precision movement detection device VI, 10 sensors, the right axle of left shaft shoulder mobile platform 19/ are installed as shown in Figure 7
Shoulder mobile platform 20 is respectively mounted 2 laser displacement sensors, is the right shaft shoulder reference sensor 33 of left shaft shoulder reference sensor 32/
The right diameter of axle reference measurement sensor 35 with left diameter of axle reference measurement sensor 34/, the right qR mobile platform 37 of left qR mobile platform 36/
It is respectively mounted 1 laser displacement sensor, the first Z-direction mobile platform 38 and the 3rd Z-direction mobile platform 39 are respectively mounted 1
Laser displacement sensor, the second Z-direction mobile platform 40 installs 2 laser displacement sensors.By the translation of mobile platform, make
Sensor reaches the measurement position specified, and completes to measure accordingly.
PMAC servo control system as shown in Figure 8, pattern displacement feedback control system, PLC control system and survey
Amount data collecting system constitutes control system；Wherein PMAC kinetic control system is sent servo command by PMAC motion control card,
In order to control the action of 8 motion platforms of high precision movement detection device VI, i.e. left shaft shoulder mobile platform the 19th, the right shaft shoulder moves
The 20th, platform detects crossbeam the 21st, left qR mobile platform the 22nd, right qR mobile platform 23 and the first Z-direction mobile platform the 24th, the second Z-direction and moves
8 servomotors of moving platform the 25th, the 3rd Z-direction mobile platform 26；High precision movement is detected device by pattern displacement reponse system
The grating scale of 8 motion platforms of VI, the mobile data being recorded platform return to PMAC motion control card, by control calorimeter
Calculate compensation rate and realize the Accurate Position Control of laser displacement sensor.Ensure the high repetitive positioning accuracy of measurement system.
2, left and right servo electrical pushing cylinder the 4th, cylinder 7 and wheel to conveying device for the PLC control system control wheel drives to rotating
The reducing motor 11 of device.Measurement data acquisition system gathers the data of 10 laser displacement sensors by data collecting card,
The right shaft shoulder reference sensor of i.e. left shaft shoulder reference sensor 32/ the 33rd, the right diameter of axle reference sensor of left diameter of axle reference sensor 34/
35th, the sensor on the right qR sensor of left qR sensor 36/ the 37th, the first Z-direction mobile platform 38 and the 3rd Z-direction mobile platform 39,
The sensor of the second Z-direction mobile platform 40.
Concrete detection process is as follows：
（1）Dimensional measurement：
1）Wheel rolling circular diameter
Laser displacement sensor 1. and 2. station acquisition wheel rolling circular diameter data as shown in Figure 9, and by measurement data with
Calibration data carries out difference to calculate the diameter of wheel.Measure left and right wheels rolling circle diameter respectively.Formula is as follows：
D=D0-(SensorDetect-SensorDetect0)*2
In formula：D：Tested wheel rolling circle diameter, D0：Calibrating wheel rolling circle diameter, SensorDetect0：Laser displacement passes
Sensor at 1. or 2. position measurement calibration wheel to measured value, SensorDetect：Laser displacement sensor is surveyed in 1. or 2. position
Amount measured wheel is to measured value.
Illustrate the method for measurement diameter with 1. position measurement wheel diameter actual measurement data.
2）Wheel potential difference
The data of laser displacement sensor 3., 4., 5. and 6. collection point, position as shown in Figure 10, poor with calibration data
Value calculates position of wheel difference.Formula is as follows：
Dow=ABS(DowL-DowR)
Dow：Measured wheel is to wheel potential difference, DowL：Measured wheel is to left side wheels potential difference, DowR：Measured wheel is to right-hand wheel potential difference；
DowL=DowL0+(SensorDetect1L-SensorDetect1L0)+(SensorDetect2L-
SensorDetect2L0)
In formula, DowdL0：Calibration wheel is to left side wheels potential difference, SensorDetect1L：Left side laser displacement sensor is in position 3.
Measurement measured wheel is to measured value, SensorDetect1L0：3. left side laser displacement sensor measures calibration wheel to measurement in position
Value, SensorDetect2L：4. left side laser displacement sensor measures measured wheel to measured value in position,
SensorDetect2L0：4. left side laser displacement sensor measures calibration wheel to measured value in position；
DowR=DowR0+(SensorDetect1R-SensorDetect1R0)+(SensorDetect2R-
SensorDetect2R0)
In formula, DowR0：Calibration wheel is to right-hand wheel potential difference, SensorDetect1R：6. right side laser displacement sensor is surveyed in position
Amount measured wheel is to measured value, SensorDetect1R0：6. right side laser displacement sensor measures calibration wheel to measurement in position
Value, SensorDetect2R：5. right side laser displacement sensor measures measured wheel to measured value in position,
SensorDetect2R0：5. right side laser displacement sensor measures calibration wheel to measured value in position.
With wheel, 3., 4. left side wheels potential difference value is measured to leftward position and illustrate measuring method.
3）Distance between backs of wheel flanges from
Laser displacement sensor as shown in Figure 10 4., the data of 5. collection point, position, carry out difference with calibration data and count
Calculate distance between backs of wheel flanges from.
Dbw=Dbw0-((SensorDetect2L0+ SensorDetect2R0)-( SensorDetect2L+
SensorDetect2R))
In formula, Dbw：Tested distance between backs of wheel flanges, Dbw0：Calibration distance between backs of wheel flanges, SensorDetect2L：Left side laser displacement
4. sensor measures measured wheel to measured value, SensorDetect2L0 in position：4. left side laser displacement sensor is surveyed in position
Amount calibration wheel is to measured value；SensorDetect2R：5. right side laser displacement sensor measures measured wheel to measured value in position,
SensorDetect2R0：5. right side laser displacement sensor measures calibration wheel to measured value in position.
With wheel, 4., 5. distance between backs of wheel flanges is measured to position and illustrate measuring method.
4）Dish place value
Laser displacement sensor as shown in Figure 11 3., 6., 7., 8. locate collection point data, with calibration data carry out difference come
Calculate wheel to dish place value.Figure 10 is shown with 3 axle-mounted brake disks, just has 3 dish place values.Carry out successively surveying by the figure direction of arrow
Amount.Brake disc, in tri-positions of A, B and C, illustrates measuring method with location A.Formula is as follows：
E1=E10+(SensorDetect1L-SensorDetect1L0)+( SensorDetect3R-SensorDetect3R0)
E1：Measured wheel is to location A dish place value, E10：Calibration wheel is to location A dish place value, SensorDetect1L：Left side laser position
3. displacement sensor measures measured wheel to measured value, SensorDetect1L0 in position：Left side laser displacement sensor is in position 3.
Measurement calibration wheel is to measured value；SensorDetect3R：8. right side laser displacement sensor measures measured wheel to measurement in position
Value, SensorDetect3R0：8. right side laser displacement sensor measures calibration wheel to measured value in position.
With wheel, 3., 8. wheel is measured to position and measuring method is illustrated to dish place value.
5）QR value
Wheel carries out a wheel rim profile scanning to often rotating 120 ° of laser displacement sensor directions as shown in figure 12, and every 0.05mm obtains
Take the data of a profile point, after the end of scan, obtain complete wheel rim data, obtain qR measurement song as shown in fig. 13 that
Line such that it is able to calculate qR value.
Run-out tolerance
1）Wheel rolling circle circular runout
Laser displacement sensor press in Fig. 9 1., 2. station acquisition data.Process step as follows：
Step 1：The data of 3 circles are rotated at laser displacement sensor collecting vehicle wheel tread diameter（4800 points）；
Step 2：It is filtered to point data processing, remove the noise spot at wheel tread diameter, such as little particle point, small rut
Deng；
Step 3：The minimum of a value of the maximum-point data of wheel rolling circle circular runout=point data.
2）Road wheel end is jumped
Laser displacement sensor press in Figure 10 4., 5. station acquisition data.Process step as follows：
Step 1：Laser displacement sensor gathers the data that wheel end face rotates 3 circles（4800 points）；
Step 2：It is filtered to point data processing, remove the noise spot on wheel end face, such as little particle point, small rut etc.；
Step 3：The minimum of a value of the maximum-point data of road wheel end jump=point data.
3）Brake disc end is jumped
Laser displacement sensor press in Figure 11 7., 8. station acquisition data.Process step as follows：
Step 1：Laser displacement sensor gathers the data that brake disc end face rotates 3 circles；
Step 2：It is filtered to point data processing, remove the noise spot on wheel end face, such as little particle point, small rut etc.；
Step 3：The minimum of a value of the maximum-point data of brake disc end jump=point data.
Claims (8)
1. detector for train wheel pair size and run-out tolerance on-line detecting system, conveying is filled by mechanical system by pedestal, gantry frame, wheel
Put, take turns and to rotating driving device, high precision movement, device composition is detected to positioning datum support means, wheel；It is characterized in that：Base
On seat install gantry frame, wheel to conveying device, wheel to positioning datum support means, wheel to rotating driving device；Gantry frame
On be provided with high precision movement detection device；
Described wheel is supported seat, linear bearing, bearings framework, electrical pushing cylinder, mobile framework, linear to conveying device by V-type
Guide rail and cylinder composition；Linear guides is symmetrically arranged on pedestal, is responsible for the linear motion of measured wheel pair；Linearly leading in both sides
Fixedly mount bearings framework on rail slide block, bearings framework is installed linear bearing, be responsible for measured wheel to vertical movement；
Installing V-type in linear bearing upper end and supporting seat, be responsible for the positioning to wheel shaft when rising or falling for the measured wheel, electrical pushing cylinder is arranged on axle
Holding in support frame and supporting seat with V-type and be connected, mobile framework is symmetrically installed bearings framework, cylinder is installed on movable frame
Under frame；
Positioning datum support means is left and right symmetrically arranged on pedestal by described wheel, including base, the support of bearing and two pairs of axles
Hold；Floor installation, on pedestal, is responsible for the support of whole device；The support of bearing is arranged on base, and bearing is arranged on bearing and props up
It on frame, is responsible for supporting the wheel shaft rotating；Two bearings use to be arranged in " V " word, and using two bearing top circles as wheel to online
The radial direction positioning datum of detection, it is ensured that Wheel set detecting result more can truly reflect wheel to actual running status；
Described wheel includes reducing motor, Hooks coupling universal coupling, axial self-locking device, motor supporting base to rotating driving device；Its
Middle Hooks coupling universal coupling is arranged on reducing motor output shaft, and reducing motor is arranged on axial self-locking device, axial self-locking device
Being arranged on motor supporting base, motor supporting base is arranged on pedestal；Wherein axial self-locking device by movable block, linear guides,
First servo-actuated briquetting, the second servo-actuated briquetting, handle composition, responsible reducing motor is adjusted axially with Hooks coupling universal coupling；
Described linear guides is contained on motor supporting base；Movable block is installed on linear guides slide block；First servo-actuated briquetting one
End is arranged on movable block, and the other end and second servo-actuated briquetting one end are connected；Second servo-actuated briquetting one end is arranged on motor supporting base
Riser on, the other end is connected with handle；Handle is on movable block；
Described high precision movement detection device, is vertically moved platform by 5 horizontal shifting platforms and 3 and forms, and 5 levels are moved
Moving platform is respectively left shaft shoulder mobile platform, right shaft shoulder mobile platform, detection crossbeam, left qR mobile platform, right qR mobile platform,
3 vertically move platform and are respectively the first Z-direction mobile platform, the second Z-direction mobile platform, the 3rd Z-direction mobile platform.
2. detector for train wheel pair size according to claim 1 and run-out tolerance on-line detecting system, it is characterised in that described
Mobile platform is made up of traversing carriage, servomotor, lead screw pair, slide rail, slide block；Slide rail is arranged on traversing carriage, is responsible for flat
Platform motion guide and support；Slide block is arranged on slide rail, installs sensor on slide block；Lead screw pair is rack-mount and connects
Traversing carriage, is responsible for the motion transmission of platform；Servomotor is arranged on leading screw end.
3. detector for train wheel pair size according to claim 1 and run-out tolerance on-line detecting system, it is characterised in that described
Left shaft shoulder mobile platform is arranged on the left column of gantry frame, and right shaft shoulder mobile platform is arranged on the right column of gantry frame
On, detection crossbeam is arranged on gantry frame crossbeam, the first Z-direction mobile platform, the second mobile platform and the 3rd mobile platform peace
Being contained on detection crossbeam, left qR mobile platform is arranged on the first Z-direction mobile platform, and right qR mobile platform is arranged on the 3rd Z-direction
On mobile platform.
4. detector for train wheel pair size according to claim 1 and run-out tolerance on-line detecting system, it is characterised in that described 5
Individual horizontal shifting platform and 3 vertically move and are respectively mounted an absolute grating scale on platform.
5. detector for train wheel pair size according to claim 1 and run-out tolerance on-line detecting system, it is characterised in that described
Left shaft shoulder mobile platform and right shaft shoulder mobile platform are respectively mounted 2 laser displacement sensors, are left shaft shoulder reference sensor/right side
Shaft shoulder reference sensor and left diameter of axle reference measurement sensor/right diameter of axle reference measurement sensor, left shaft shoulder reference sensor/right side
Shaft shoulder reference sensor can carry out nose balance in real time, it is achieved axial registration measurement, it is possible to complete the function of measurement；
Left diameter of axle reference measurement sensor/right diameter of axle reference measurement sensor can monitor journal surface beating relative to centre bore in real time
Value compensates, it is achieved accurately measurement circular runout value.
6. detector for train wheel pair size according to claim 1 and run-out tolerance on-line detecting system, it is characterised in that described
Left qR mobile platform and right qR mobile platform are respectively mounted 1 laser displacement sensor, for completing to take turns to wheel rolling circle
Diameter, qR, the measurement of wheel rolling circle circular runout.
7. detector for train wheel pair size according to claim 1 and run-out tolerance on-line detecting system, it is characterised in that described
It is respectively mounted 1 laser displacement sensor on first Z-direction mobile platform and the 3rd Z-direction mobile platform, wheel can be completed to inner side
The measurement jumped away from, road wheel end；Second Z-direction mobile platform installs 2 laser displacement sensors, can complete to take turns and jump brake disc end
Measurement.
8. detector for train wheel pair size according to claim 1 and run-out tolerance on-line detecting system, it is characterised in that：Online inspection
Examining system is to use PMAC Serve Motor Control to constitute closed-loop control system with pattern displacement reponse system, swashs for accurate control
The measurement position of Optical displacement sensor, this control system is divided into four parts, PMAC Serve Motor Control, pattern displacement feedback control
System, PLC control and measurement data acquisition system；Industrial computer issues instructions to PMAC motion control card, PMAC motion control card
It is signaled to servo-driver 1 ~ 8, then controlled respectively by servo-driver 1 ~ 8 and be arranged on left shaft shoulder mobile platform, the right shaft shoulder
Mobile platform, detection crossbeam, left qR mobile platform, right qR mobile platform, the first Z-direction mobile platform, the second Z-direction mobile platform,
8 servomotors on 3rd Z-direction mobile platform are in rotary moving；The movement of 8 mobile platforms of high precision movement detection device
Distance is recorded and fed back to by grating scale PMAC motion control card, then is calculated, by control card, the essence that compensation rate realizes mobile platform
True position control；Rotation is driven by PLC control system control wheel by 2, the left and right servo electrical pushing cylinder of conveying device, cylinder and wheel
The reducing motor of dynamic device；Measurement data acquisition system gathers the data of 10 laser displacement sensors by data collecting card,
I.e. left/right shaft shoulder reference sensor, left/right diameter of axle reference sensor, left/right qR sensor, the first Z-direction mobile platform and the 3rd
Sensor on Z-direction mobile platform, the sensor of the second Z-direction mobile platform；Concrete detection process is as follows：
1. take turns the cylinder to conveying device and measured wheel is detected position to being conveyed horizontally to；
2. take turns the servo electrical pushing cylinder to conveying device two ends makes measured wheel to disengaging rail by measured wheel to lifting；
3. measured wheel is taken turns in positioning datum support means by servo electrical pushing cylinder smoothly to being placed on；
4. reducing motor drives Hooks coupling universal coupling to make measured wheel at the uniform velocity rotate in positioning datum support means at wheel, 8 shiftings
Moving platform moves to specify position, completes each parameter detecting of measured wheel pair；
5., when tested Wheel set detecting completes, lifting is made measured wheel take turns to positioning datum to departing from by servo electrical pushing cylinder by measured wheel
Support means；
6. the cylinder to conveying device is taken turns by measured wheel to delivering to initial position；
7. servo electrical pushing cylinder makes measured wheel to falling on rail, complete one wheel to detection operation.
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| CN201610743925.4A CN106441088B (en) | 2016-08-29 | 2016-08-29 | A kind of detector for train wheel pair size and run-out tolerance on-line detecting system |
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| CN106989671A (en) * | 2017-03-27 | 2017-07-28 | 吉林省计量科学研究院 | A kind of train wheel optical measuring device |
| CN107363587A (en) * | 2017-08-29 | 2017-11-21 | 中车洛阳机车有限公司 | Rail-defect detector car instrumented wheelset inclined hole processing tool |
| CN108151685A (en) * | 2017-11-08 | 2018-06-12 | 蒋泽军 | A kind of on-line Full wheel is to radial direction jitter detection apparatus |
| CN109855535A (en) * | 2019-02-20 | 2019-06-07 | 朝阳浪马轮胎有限责任公司 | A kind of molding fetus size detecting device and detection method |
| CN109855891A (en) * | 2018-12-10 | 2019-06-07 | 中车长春轨道客车股份有限公司 | A kind of train axle detection centralising device |
| CN109969227A (en) * | 2018-01-10 | 2019-07-05 | 深圳市行知达科技有限公司 | Wheel set detecting device, high-speed rail Wheel set detecting device and motor car wheel are to detection device |
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| CN114543676A (en) * | 2021-08-30 | 2022-05-27 | 长光（沧州）光栅传感技术有限公司 | Device and method for detecting radial run-out and circle center motion curve of roller bearing |
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| CN106989671A (en) * | 2017-03-27 | 2017-07-28 | 吉林省计量科学研究院 | A kind of train wheel optical measuring device |
| CN106989671B (en) * | 2017-03-27 | 2019-12-06 | 吉林省计量科学研究院 | Locomotive wheel pair optical measurement device |
| CN107363587A (en) * | 2017-08-29 | 2017-11-21 | 中车洛阳机车有限公司 | Rail-defect detector car instrumented wheelset inclined hole processing tool |
| CN108151685A (en) * | 2017-11-08 | 2018-06-12 | 蒋泽军 | A kind of on-line Full wheel is to radial direction jitter detection apparatus |
| CN109969227A (en) * | 2018-01-10 | 2019-07-05 | 深圳市行知达科技有限公司 | Wheel set detecting device, high-speed rail Wheel set detecting device and motor car wheel are to detection device |
| CN109969227B (en) * | 2018-01-10 | 2024-04-26 | 深圳市行知达科技有限公司 | Wheel set detection device, high-speed railway wheel set detection device and moving wheel set detection device |
| CN109855891A (en) * | 2018-12-10 | 2019-06-07 | 中车长春轨道客车股份有限公司 | A kind of train axle detection centralising device |
| CN109855535A (en) * | 2019-02-20 | 2019-06-07 | 朝阳浪马轮胎有限责任公司 | A kind of molding fetus size detecting device and detection method |
| CN109855535B (en) * | 2019-02-20 | 2024-03-08 | 朝阳浪马轮胎有限责任公司 | Device and method for detecting size of molded embryo |
| CN110319791A (en) * | 2019-07-26 | 2019-10-11 | 长春工程学院 | A kind of train bogie parallelism measuring apparatus and method |
| CN110671987A (en) * | 2019-11-07 | 2020-01-10 | 镇江中福马机械有限公司 | Moving disc end jump detection machine |
| CN110671987B (en) * | 2019-11-07 | 2024-04-30 | 镇江中福马机械有限公司 | Movable disc end jump detector |
| CN111023981A (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2020-04-17 | 芜湖哈特机器人产业技术研究院有限公司 | Large cylindrical workpiece parameter measuring device and method |
| CN111156914A (en) * | 2020-01-09 | 2020-05-15 | 吉林大学 | Intelligent detection system and method for deformation of double tire sides of automobile wheels |
| CN111156914B (en) * | 2020-01-09 | 2024-05-28 | 吉林大学 | Intelligent detection system and method for deformation of double sidewalls of automobile wheels |
| CN112362016A (en) * | 2020-10-30 | 2021-02-12 | 中国航空工业集团公司北京航空精密机械研究所 | Measuring device and method for measuring diameter of axle neck of wheel set and diameter of dust-proof plate seat of wheel set |
| CN112484594A (en) * | 2020-11-13 | 2021-03-12 | 太原重工轨道交通设备有限公司 | Device for measuring axle shoulder runout by taking outer circular surface of axle journal as reference |
| CN112556575A (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2021-03-26 | 西北工业大学 | Small-size aviation piston engine bent axle butt joint measuring device |
| CN112556575B (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2022-07-29 | 西北工业大学 | Small-size aviation piston engine bent axle butt joint measuring device |
| CN113567125A (en) * | 2021-07-21 | 2021-10-29 | 上海工程技术大学 | Portable roadside acoustic detection system and method for axle box bearing of railway vehicle |
| CN113567125B (en) * | 2021-07-21 | 2023-08-29 | 上海工程技术大学 | Portable roadside acoustic detection system and method for axle box bearing of railway vehicle |
| CN114543676B (en) * | 2021-08-30 | 2023-07-25 | 长光（沧州）光栅传感技术有限公司 | Roller bearing radial runout and circle center movement curve detection device and detection method thereof |
| CN114543676A (en) * | 2021-08-30 | 2022-05-27 | 长光（沧州）光栅传感技术有限公司 | Device and method for detecting radial run-out and circle center motion curve of roller bearing |
| CN113650641B (en) * | 2021-09-22 | 2022-05-06 | 浙江师范大学 | Global detection device for wheel set tread |
| CN113650641A (en) * | 2021-09-22 | 2021-11-16 | 浙江师范大学 | Global detection device for wheel set tread |
| CN114279327A (en) * | 2021-12-23 | 2022-04-05 | 湖南凌翔磁浮科技有限责任公司 | Size detection method for high-speed suspension electromagnet box girder |
| CN115541401A (en) * | 2022-11-28 | 2022-12-30 | 中铁电气化局集团有限公司 | Rail qualification on-site verification and analysis equipment for construction |
| CN115541401B (en) * | 2022-11-28 | 2023-02-28 | 中铁电气化局集团有限公司 | Rail qualification on-site verification and analysis equipment for construction |
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