CN209778961U - System for extracting precious metals in waste three-way catalytic converter - Google Patents
System for extracting precious metals in waste three-way catalytic converter Download PDFInfo
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- CN209778961U CN209778961U CN201920473266.6U CN201920473266U CN209778961U CN 209778961 U CN209778961 U CN 209778961U CN 201920473266 U CN201920473266 U CN 201920473266U CN 209778961 U CN209778961 U CN 209778961U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a system for draw precious metal among abandonment three way catalyst converter, the system including rubbing crusher, feeding jar, plasma melting furnace, air cooling jar, water quench jar, dust removal filter, exhaust fan and the emission chimney that connects gradually. The utility model adopts the plasma melting process to extract the noble metal in the three-way catalytic converter, has simple preparation process, does not need to add special chemical raw materials, has no wastewater discharge in the whole process, and is environment-friendly because the flue gas is discharged after being treated completely and reaches the standard; the utility model discloses when extracting noble metal, also carry out recycle with ceramic class inorganic matter in the three way catalyst converter, after high temperature melting, convert building material to use, accomplish the whole recycle of wastes material, changing waste into valuables, and pass through the utility model discloses a method noble metal's extraction rate is high; the utility model discloses a system treatment waste gas three way catalyst converter's handling capacity is big.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of noble metal draws regeneration, concretely relates to system for draw noble metal among abandonment three way catalyst converter.
Background
The rare noble metal is a general name of noble metal and rare metal, and the noble metal mainly refers to metal such as gold, silver, platinum and the like. The working principle of the automobile three-way catalyst is as follows: in the process of automobile exhaust emission, harmful gases such as CO, unburned hydrocarbons HC, NOx and the like can be emitted, a three-way catalyst for purifying the automobile exhaust emission is installed in an automobile design, when the high-temperature automobile exhaust passes through the three-way catalyst, the purifying agent in the three-way catalyst can enhance the activity of the CO, HC and NOx to promote the CO, HC and NOx to carry out certain oxidation-reduction chemical reaction, and the CO, HC and NOx are converted into water, carbon dioxide, nitrogen and oxygen at high temperature to convert the three harmful gases into harmless gases, so that the automobile exhaust can be purified.
The installation of a tail gas three-way catalyst purifier on an automobile is one of important measures for controlling the environment pollution of the tail gas discharged by the automobile, the automobile tail gas purifying catalyst widely applied at home and abroad mainly comprises precious metals such as platinum, rhodium and the like, and after the automobile is scrapped or the catalyst fails, the three-way catalyst is treated as waste, so that the serious resource waste is caused.
At present, the recovery method of the automobile three-way catalyst is mainly wet extraction, chemical raw materials such as aqua regia, hydrochloric acid, sodium hydroxide, ammonia water and the like are used in the extraction process, the process flow is long, a large amount of toxic and harmful substances which are difficult to treat are generated due to the large amount of chemical raw materials used in the treatment process, the environment is seriously harmed, the treatment difficulty is high, and the extraction rate of extracting precious metals is low.
In view of the above, the present invention is particularly proposed.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In order to solve the above problem that prior art exists, the utility model provides a system for draw noble metal among abandonment three way catalyst converter, this system handles the scale big, simple process, and whole in-process does not have waste water discharge, and the flue gas reaches emission standard after handling totally and discharges, and is friendly to the environment, and the extraction rate of noble metal is high.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solution.
the utility model provides a draw system of noble metal among abandonment three way catalyst converter, the system including the rubbing crusher, feeding tank, plasma melting furnace, air cooling jar, water quench jar, dust removal filter, exhaust fan and the emission chimney that connect gradually.
Furthermore, a copper or iron feeding port and a limestone feeding port are arranged on the feeding tank.
Further, the feeding tank is connected with the plasma melting furnace through a screw feeder.
Furthermore, the lower end of the furnace body of the plasma melting furnace is provided with a molten metal discharge port and a molten ceramic material discharge port, and the molten metal discharge port is positioned above the molten ceramic material discharge port.
Because the three-way catalyst consists of noble metal and Al2O3、SiO2And the metal and nonmetal substances of the three-way catalyst can be layered due to the difference of density and physical properties, and a liquid metal layer and a liquid slag layer are formed in a plasma melting furnace. After the metal is accumulated to a certain amount, the metal and the nonmetal can form an obvious molten metal/ceramic interface, the metal is above the interface, the ceramic material is below the interface, and the metal and the ceramic material are respectively discharged from different discharge ports in the plasma melting furnace by controlling the discharge speeds of a molten metal discharge port and a molten ceramic material discharge port, so that the aim of extracting the noble metal in the three-way catalyst is fulfilled. The discharged molten metal becomes alloy after natural cooling, and is sold as a commodity, and the discharged molten ceramic forms a vitreous substance after being rapidly cooled by water, and can be used as a building material.
Furthermore, a smoke discharge port is formed in the upper end of the furnace body of the plasma melting furnace and connected with the air cooling tank through a pipeline, and high-temperature smoke generated in the plasma melting furnace enters the air cooling tank through the smoke discharge port to be cooled.
Furthermore, a heating electrode is arranged in the plasma melting furnace, and the heating electrode is a graphite electrode.
further, the dust filter shown is a bag filter.
further, the reaction temperature in the plasma melting furnace is shown to be 1350-1450 ℃.
further, the temperature of the flue gas cooled by the air cooling tank is 950-1050 ℃.
Further, the temperature of the flue gas cooled by the water quenching tank is 180-220 ℃.
The utility model discloses a system is provided with copper or iron inlet port and lime stone inlet port on the feeding jar, can improve noble metal's extraction rate through adding copper or iron and lime stone.
The utility model also discloses a method for utilize the system draw noble metal in the waste gas three way catalyst converter, including following step:
(1) Putting the waste three-way catalyst into a crusher for crushing treatment to obtain crushed materials;
(2) Putting the crushed materials into a feeding tank, respectively adding iron or copper and limestone into the feeding tank, uniformly stirring to obtain a mixture, inputting the mixture into a plasma melting furnace through a screw feeder, and heating for melting;
(3) The melted noble metal is discharged through a molten metal discharge port, the ceramic material is discharged through a molten ceramic discharge port, high-temperature flue gas generated by melting reaction is discharged through a flue gas discharge port and enters an air cooling tank, the flue gas cooled by air enters a water quenching tank and is cooled again through cold water, the cooled flue gas is conveyed to a dust removal filter through a pipeline for filtration, and the filtered flue gas enters a discharge chimney through an exhaust fan and is discharged.
further, the particle size of the crushed particles in the step (1) is less than 30 mm.
Further, in the step (2), the mass of the limestone is 5-20% of the mass of the crushed aggregates, and the mass of the copper or the iron is 2-10% of the mass of the crushed aggregates.
The carrier of noble metals such as platinum and rhodium in the three-way catalyst consists of Al2O3、SiO2Made of ceramic material, platinum and rhodium and other noble metals are all coveredUniformly attached to the surface of the carrier, and Al2O3、SiO2The melting point of the ceramic materials of the same group is very high, in order to reduce the melting temperature, a certain amount of limestone is added after the three-way catalyst is crushed, and the limestone has the function of adding Al2O3、SiO2The ceramic material is changed into a molten state at a lower temperature so as to reduce the power consumption in the melting process and protect furnace equipment from high-temperature erosion.
In addition, the three-way catalyst has less noble metals such as platinum and rhodium, and in order to improve the yield, the three-way catalyst is crushed and then added with metal copper or iron, and the metal copper or iron is melted with the noble metals in the three-way catalyst to form a mixture by utilizing the principle of similar intermiscibility, so the platinum and rhodium noble metals can be trapped by utilizing the iron or the copper to the maximum extent.
Further, the heating temperature in the step (2) is 1350-1450 ℃, preferably, the heating temperature is 1400 ℃.
further, the temperature of the flue gas cooled by the air in the step (3) is 950-1050 ℃.
further, the temperature of the flue gas after air cooling is 1000 ℃.
Further, the temperature of the flue gas cooled by the water quenching tank is 180-220 ℃.
Further, the flue gas temperature after the water quenching tank is cooled is 200 ℃.
The utility model discloses a secondary cooling is adopted in the processing of method to the flue gas, the mode of bag type dust removal, and the air cooling is used in the first cooling, and the water cooling is used to the second time, and the flue gas of emission can clean emission up to standard, and does not produce sewage, and environmental protection effect is good.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are that:
(1) The utility model adopts the plasma melting system to extract the noble metal in the three-way catalytic converter, has simple preparation process, does not need to add special chemical raw materials, has no wastewater discharge in the whole process, and is environment-friendly because the flue gas is discharged after being treated completely and reaches the standard;
(2) The utility model discloses when extracting noble metal, also carry out recycle with the ceramic class inorganic substance in the three way catalyst converter, after high temperature melting, convert building material to use, accomplish the whole recycle of wastes material, changing waste into valuables, the utility model discloses a separation of method metal and ceramic material is easy, and passes through the utility model discloses a method noble metal's extraction rate is high;
(3) The utility model discloses a system handles waste gas three way catalyst converter's handling capacity is big, can handle 10-30 tons every day, is fit for extensive industrialization and uses, and current wet process refines below the handling capacity 1 ton of general every day.
Drawings
in order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the system for extracting noble metals from waste three-way catalysts.
Wherein, the device comprises a crusher 1, a feeding tank 2, a screw feeder 3, a plasma melting furnace 4, a molten metal discharge port 41, a molten ceramic material discharge port 42, a cathode 43, an anode 44, an air cooling tank 5, a water quenching tank 6, a dust removal filter 7, an exhaust fan 8 and a discharge chimney 9.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the system for extracting precious metals from a waste three-way catalyst of the embodiment comprises a pulverizer 1, a feeding tank 2, a plasma melting furnace 4, an air cooling tank 5, a water quenching tank 6, a dust removal filter 7, an exhaust fan 8 and an exhaust chimney 9 which are connected in sequence.
In a further scheme, a copper or iron feeding port and a limestone feeding port are arranged on the feeding tank 2. The feeding tank 2 is connected with the plasma melting furnace 4 through a screw feeder 3. The lower end of the furnace body of the plasma melting furnace 4 is provided with a molten metal discharge port 41 and a molten ceramic material discharge port 42, the molten metal discharge port 41 is positioned above the molten ceramic material discharge port 42, and the upper end of the furnace body of the plasma melting furnace 4 is provided with a flue gas discharge port. The flue gas discharge port is connected with the air cooling tank 5 through a pipeline, and high-temperature flue gas generated in the plasma melting furnace 4 enters the air cooling tank 5 through the flue gas discharge port to be cooled.
Because the three-way catalyst consists of noble metal and Al2O3、SiO2And the metal and nonmetal substances of the three-way catalyst can be layered due to the difference of density and physical properties, and a liquid metal layer and a liquid slag layer are formed in the plasma melting furnace 4. After the metal is accumulated to a certain amount, the metal and the nonmetal can form an obvious molten metal/ceramic interface, the metal is above the interface, the ceramic material is below the interface, and the metal and the ceramic material are respectively discharged from different discharge ports in the plasma melting furnace by controlling the discharge speeds of a molten metal discharge port 41 and a molten ceramic material discharge port 42, so that the aim of extracting the noble metal in the three-way catalyst is fulfilled. The discharged molten metal becomes alloy after natural cooling, and is sold as a commodity, and the discharged molten ceramic forms a vitreous substance after being rapidly cooled by water, and can be used as a building material.
The utility model provides a heat source of plasma melting furnace heating adopts direct current plasma arc heating, and the electrode adopts graphite electrode, and negative pole 43 and positive pole 44 all adopt graphite electrode.
Example 2
The embodiment is a method for extracting precious metals in an exhaust gas three-way catalyst, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Putting the waste three-way catalyst into a grinder for grinding, wherein the grinding particle size is less than 30mm, so as to obtain crushed materials;
(2) Putting the crushed materials into a feeding tank, respectively adding limestone and iron into the feeding tank, wherein the mass of the limestone is 5% of the mass of the crushed materials, and the mass of the iron is 2% of the mass of the crushed materials, uniformly stirring to obtain a mixture, inputting the mixture into a plasma melting furnace through a screw feeder, and heating to 1350 ℃ for melting;
(3) The molten noble metal is discharged through a molten metal discharge port, the ceramic material is discharged through a molten ceramic discharge port, high-temperature flue gas generated by a melting reaction is discharged through a flue gas discharge port and enters an air cooling tank, the temperature of the flue gas after air cooling is 950 ℃, the flue gas after air cooling enters a water quenching tank and is cooled again through cold water, the temperature of the flue gas after cooling of the water quenching tank is 180 ℃, the cooled flue gas is conveyed to a dust removal filter through a pipeline for filtering treatment, and the filtered flue gas enters a discharge chimney through an exhaust fan and is discharged.
Example 3
The embodiment is a method for extracting precious metals in an exhaust gas three-way catalyst, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Putting the waste three-way catalyst into a grinder for grinding, wherein the grinding particle size is less than 30mm, so as to obtain crushed materials;
(2) Putting the crushed materials into a feeding tank, respectively adding limestone and copper into the feeding tank, wherein the mass of the limestone is 12.5% of that of the crushed materials, the mass of the copper is 6% of that of the crushed materials, uniformly stirring to obtain a mixture, inputting the mixture into a plasma melting furnace through a screw feeder, and heating to 1400 ℃ for melting;
(3) The molten noble metal is discharged through a molten metal discharge port, the ceramic material is discharged through a molten ceramic discharge port, high-temperature flue gas generated by a melting reaction is discharged through a flue gas discharge port and enters an air cooling tank, the temperature of the flue gas after air cooling is 1000 ℃, the flue gas after air cooling enters a water quenching tank and is cooled again through cold water, the temperature of the flue gas after cooling of the water quenching tank is 200 ℃, the cooled flue gas is conveyed to a dust removal filter through a pipeline for filtering treatment, and the filtered flue gas enters a discharge chimney through an exhaust fan and is discharged.
Example 4
The embodiment is a method for extracting precious metals in an exhaust gas three-way catalyst, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Putting the waste three-way catalyst into a grinder for grinding, wherein the grinding particle size is less than 30mm, so as to obtain crushed materials;
(2) Putting the crushed materials into a feeding tank, respectively adding limestone and iron into the feeding tank, wherein the mass of the limestone is 20% of the mass of the crushed materials, the mass of the iron is 10% of the mass of the crushed materials, uniformly stirring to obtain a mixture, inputting the mixture into a plasma melting furnace through a screw feeder, and heating to 1450 ℃ for melting;
(3) The molten noble metal is discharged through a molten metal discharge port, the ceramic material is discharged through a molten ceramic discharge port, high-temperature flue gas generated by a melting reaction is discharged through a flue gas discharge port and enters an air cooling tank, the temperature of the flue gas after air cooling is 1050 ℃, the flue gas after air cooling enters a water quenching tank and is cooled again through cold water, the temperature of the flue gas after cooling of the water quenching tank is 220 ℃, the cooled flue gas is conveyed to a dust removal filter through a pipeline for filtering treatment, and the filtered flue gas enters a discharge chimney through an exhaust fan and is discharged.
Comparative example 1
The method for extracting noble metals in the exhaust gas three-way catalyst of this comparative example was the same as example 3 except that copper was not added and iron was not added in step (2).
Comparative example 2
the method for extracting noble metals in the exhaust gas three-way catalyst of this comparative example was the same as example 3, except that limestone, iron, or copper was not added in step (2).
Test example 1
The total extraction rate and daily throughput of noble metals were measured in the methods of examples 2 to 4 and comparative examples 1 to 2, respectively, and the results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1
| sample (I) | Comprehensive extraction ratio/% of noble metal | Daily treatment Per t |
| Example 2 | 98.7 | 28.9 |
| example 3 | 99.4 | 29.7 |
| Example 4 | 98.8 | 28.5 |
| Comparative example 1 | 82.3 | 27.3 |
| Comparative example 2 | 80.6 | 26.4 |
As can be seen from the above table, the limestone, iron or copper is not added in the extraction process, the comprehensive extraction rate of the precious metals is obviously reduced, which shows that the limestone, copper or iron can trap the precious metals such as platinum and rhodium to the maximum extent, and the extraction rate of the precious metals is improved, and in addition, the extraction rate of the example 3 is higher than that of the examples 2 and 3 because of the addition of copper, the melting point of copper is 1100 ℃, the melting point of iron is 1350 ℃, and because the melting point of copper is lower than that of iron, the precious metal adsorption capacity is stronger, so that the extraction rate of the precious metals is improved.
the above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily think of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and all should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. the utility model provides a draw system of noble metal among abandonment three way catalyst converter which characterized in that, the system including the rubbing crusher, feed tank, plasma melting furnace, air cooling jar, water quench jar, dust removal filter, exhaust fan and the emission chimney that connect gradually.
2. The system for extracting noble metals from waste three-way catalysts according to claim 1, wherein the feed tank is provided with a copper or iron inlet and a limestone inlet.
3. The system for extracting noble metals from waste three-way catalysts according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the feeding tank is connected with the plasma melting furnace through a screw feeder.
4. The system for extracting noble metals from waste three-way catalysts according to claim 1, wherein the lower end of the furnace body of the plasma melting furnace is provided with a molten metal discharge port and a molten ceramic material discharge port, and the molten metal discharge port is positioned above the molten ceramic material discharge port.
5. The system for extracting the noble metals in the waste three-way catalyst according to claim 4, wherein a flue gas discharge port is arranged at the upper end of the furnace body of the plasma melting furnace, the flue gas discharge port is connected with the air cooling tank through a pipeline, and high-temperature flue gas generated in the plasma melting furnace enters the air cooling tank through the flue gas discharge port to be cooled.
6. The system for extracting noble metals from waste three-way catalysts according to claim 1, wherein a heating electrode is arranged in the plasma melting furnace, and the heating electrode is a graphite electrode.
7. The system for extracting noble metals from waste three-way catalysts according to claim 1, wherein the dust removing filter is a bag filter.
8. The system for extracting noble metals from waste three-way catalysts according to claim 1, wherein the reaction temperature in the plasma melting furnace is 1350-1450 ℃.
9. The system for extracting the noble metals from the waste three-way catalyst according to claim 1, wherein the temperature of the flue gas cooled by the air cooling tank is 950-1050 ℃.
10. The system for extracting the noble metal in the waste three-way catalyst according to claim 1, wherein the temperature of the flue gas cooled by the water quenching tank is 180-220 ℃.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201920473266.6U CN209778961U (en) | 2019-04-09 | 2019-04-09 | System for extracting precious metals in waste three-way catalytic converter |
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| CN201920473266.6U CN209778961U (en) | 2019-04-09 | 2019-04-09 | System for extracting precious metals in waste three-way catalytic converter |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109868367A (en) * | 2019-04-09 | 2019-06-11 | 大连易舜绿色科技有限公司 | A kind of system and extracting method for extracting noble metal in discarded ternary catalyzing unit |
| CN113564364A (en) * | 2021-07-30 | 2021-10-29 | 安徽元琛环保科技股份有限公司 | Method for recovering valuable metal from retired automobile three-way catalyst |
-
2019
- 2019-04-09 CN CN201920473266.6U patent/CN209778961U/en active Active
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109868367A (en) * | 2019-04-09 | 2019-06-11 | 大连易舜绿色科技有限公司 | A kind of system and extracting method for extracting noble metal in discarded ternary catalyzing unit |
| CN113564364A (en) * | 2021-07-30 | 2021-10-29 | 安徽元琛环保科技股份有限公司 | Method for recovering valuable metal from retired automobile three-way catalyst |
| CN113564364B (en) * | 2021-07-30 | 2022-12-16 | 安徽元琛环保科技股份有限公司 | Method for recovering valuable metal from retired automobile three-way catalyst |
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