CN209747526U

CN209747526U - Solar cell

Info

Publication number: CN209747526U
Application number: CN201920783767.4U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李源; 赵云; 张为苍; 眭斌; 张文进; 杨亮
Original assignee: Truly Semiconductors Ltd
Current assignee: Truly Semiconductors Ltd
Priority date: 2019-05-28
Filing date: 2019-05-28
Publication date: 2019-12-06
Anticipated expiration: 2029-05-28

Abstract

The utility model discloses a solar cell, including substrate layer, front electrode layer, light absorption layer and the back electrode layer that stacks gradually the setting, the front electrode layer include the TCO electrode membrane and with the transparent auxiliary electrode membrane that the TCO electrode membrane is range upon range of mutually. The front electrode layer of the solar cell has the advantages of small resistance, simple process and good stability.

Description

Solar cell

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a solar cell field especially relates to a solar cell.

Background

As shown in fig. 1, the conventional solar cell includes a substrate layer 1 ', a front electrode layer 2', a light absorbing layer 3 ', a back electrode layer 4', an insulating layer 5 'and an auxiliary electrode layer 6' which are sequentially stacked, wherein the front electrode layer 2 'is generally a TCO electrode film, and in order to reduce the resistance of the front electrode layer 2', the front electrode layer 2 'is electrically connected to the auxiliary electrode layer 6' through a metal lead 61 'from the side or inner via hole of the light absorbing layer 3', the back electrode layer 4 'and the insulating layer 5'; the line width of the metal lead 61 'is generally about 5-10 μm, and such a thin metal lead 61' not only has a great difficulty in manufacturing process, but also causes poor connection stability between the front electrode layer 2 'and the auxiliary electrode layer 6'.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

in order to solve the defects of the prior art, the utility model provides a solar cell, its front electrode layer has less resistance and simple process, stability are good.

The utility model discloses the technical problem that will solve realizes through following technical scheme:

A solar cell comprises a substrate layer, a front electrode layer, a light absorption layer and a back electrode layer which are sequentially stacked, and is characterized in that: the front electrode layer includes a TCO electrode film and a transparent auxiliary electrode film laminated with the TCO electrode film.

Further, a light trapping structure is formed on one surface, facing the light absorption layer, of the TCO electrode film.

Furthermore, the solar cell is transparent and is provided with a visible area and a non-visible area, and the front electrode layer, the light absorption layer and the back electrode layer cover the non-visible area.

Furthermore, the solar cell is semi-transparent and is provided with a visible area and a non-visible area, the front electrode layer, the light absorption layer and the back electrode layer cover the visible area and the non-visible area, and the light absorption layer is in a light absorption grid in the visible area.

Further, a transparent insulating material is filled between adjacent light absorption grids.

further, the back electrode layer is a non-transparent back electrode film, and is laminated on the light absorption grid in a grid structure in the visible area.

furthermore, the back electrode layer is a transparent back electrode film, and the whole surface of the back electrode layer covers the visible area or is laminated on the light absorption grid in a grid structure in the visible area.

Further, the transparent back electrode film and the transparent auxiliary electrode film are made of the same material.

The utility model discloses following beneficial effect has: the solar cell is formed by adopting a mode that one TCO electrode film and one transparent auxiliary electrode film are stacked, after the TCO electrode film and the transparent auxiliary electrode film are electrically connected together in a stacked mode, the cross section area of the front electrode layer is increased equivalently or the front electrode layer is formed by connecting two resistors in parallel, the overall resistance of the front electrode layer is also reduced, the process is simpler, the connection stability is higher, and the solar cell can be applied to a single-section cell structure and can also be applied to a multi-section cell structure.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional solar cell;

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a transparent solar cell provided by the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a semi-permeable solar cell provided by the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view A-A of the transparent type solar cell shown in FIG. 2 or the semi-transparent type solar cell shown in FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view B-B of the semi-permeable solar cell shown in FIG. 3;

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view B-B of another semi-permeable solar cell shown in FIG. 3;

fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a binding region of a solar cell according to the present invention.

Detailed Description

the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

Example one

As shown in fig. 2 to 7, a solar cell includes a substrate layer 1, a front electrode layer 2, a light absorbing layer 3, and a back electrode layer 4, which are sequentially stacked, wherein the front electrode layer 2 includes a TCO electrode film 21 and a transparent auxiliary electrode film 22 stacked on the TCO electrode film 21.

The solar cell is formed by adopting a mode that one TCO electrode film 21 and one transparent auxiliary electrode film 22 are mutually stacked, after the TCO electrode film 21 and the transparent auxiliary electrode film 22 are mutually stacked and electrically connected together, the cross section area of the front electrode layer 2 is increased equivalently or two resistors are connected in parallel to form the front electrode layer 2, the overall resistance of the front electrode layer 2 is also reduced, the process is simpler, the connection stability is higher, the solar cell can be applied to a single-section cell structure, and also can be applied to a multi-section cell structure.

After the TCO electrode film 21 is formed, a light trapping structure having a shape similar to a pyramid is formed on one surface of the light absorbing layer 3 by a texturing process, so as to reduce the reflectance and improve the light utilization rate.

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the solar cell has a visible region a corresponding to a display region of the display screen and a non-visible region b corresponding to a bezel region of the display screen.

As shown in fig. 2, the solar cell is transparent, and the front electrode layer 2, the light absorbing layer 3, and the back electrode layer 4 are covered only on the non-visible region b.

As shown in fig. 3, the solar cell is semi-transparent, and the front electrode layer 2, the light absorbing layer 3 and the back electrode layer 4 are simultaneously covered on the visible region a and the non-visible region b to increase the light absorbing area, wherein the light absorbing layer 3 is a light absorbing grid 31 in the visible region a; the purpose of adjusting the transmittance of the visible region a can be achieved by controlling the line width of the light absorption grid 31.

as shown in fig. 5 and 6, in the semi-transparent solar cell, a transparent insulating material 6 is filled between adjacent light absorption grids 31. If a non-transparent back electrode film is used as the back electrode layer 4, the back electrode layer 4 is laminated on the light absorption grid 31 in a grid structure 41 in the visible region a; if the back electrode layer 4 is a transparent back electrode film, the whole surface of the back electrode layer 4 may cover the visible region a or the back electrode layer 4 may be stacked on the light absorption grid 31 in a grid structure 41 in the visible region a.

Specifically, the TCO electrode film 21 may be made of, but not limited to, metal oxide materials such as SnO2, ITO, AZO, BZO, GZO, and ZnO. The transparent auxiliary electrode film 22 can be made of, but not limited to, a metal simple substance, an alloy material, a metal oxide/nitride/halide material, a nano conductive material, or the like, including, but not limited to, a film forming process such as evaporation, ion plating, magnetron sputtering, CVD, or the like; the metal simple substance may be Al, Ag, etc., the alloy material may be magnesium-silver alloy, molybdenum-silver alloy, etc., the metal oxide/nitride/halide material may be ITO, IZO, etc., and the nano conductive material may be graphene, etc. The transparent auxiliary electrode film 22 formed of these metal simple substances, alloy materials, metal oxide/nitride/halide materials or nano conductive materials can achieve a transparent optical effect when the thickness is less than a certain value, and the specific thickness is determined according to the specific material, which is not limited herein.

The light absorption layer 3 can be, but is not limited to, a PN or PIN device made of polysilicon, amorphous silicon or gallium arsenide.

The back electrode layer 4 is a single-layer back electrode film or a multi-layer back electrode film, and may be, but not limited to, a single metal material, an alloy material, or a metal oxide/nitride/halide material, and the metal element contained in the single metal material, the alloy material, or the metal oxide/nitride/halide material is one of gold, silver, copper, aluminum, nickel, molybdenum, or the like, which has a low resistivity.

in the semi-transmissive solar cell, the transparent back electrode film used for the back electrode layer 4 is preferably made of the same material as the transparent auxiliary electrode film 22.

In a specific embodiment, the transparent auxiliary electrode film 22 and the transparent back electrode film are made of a magnesium-silver alloy, and when different devices and different evaporation rates (mixing ratios) are adopted, the thickness of the transparent auxiliary electrode film 22 or the transparent back electrode film made of a single-layer magnesium-silver alloy material is 10-20nm, the average light transmittance in a visible light band can reach 60% -80%, and the surface resistance value is below 50 Ω/sq.

The solar cell further comprises a protective layer 5 laminated on the back electrode layer 4, wherein the protective layer 5 is preferably black so as to shield an isolation gap between the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the solar cell.

as shown in fig. 7, the non-visible region b has a binding region c for binding the FPC. The front electrode layer 2 (TCO electrode film 21 and transparent auxiliary electrode film 22) and the back electrode layer 4 are respectively led into the binding region c and are used as the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the solar cell to be bound and connected with an FPC (flexible printed circuit); the back electrode layer 4 may also be formed with auxiliary electrodes 42 stacked on the transparent auxiliary electrode films 22 in the bonding region c, and the auxiliary electrodes 42 may be bonded to an FPC together with the front electrode layer 2 (TCO electrode films 21 and transparent auxiliary electrode films 22) to reduce the bonding resistance.

Example two

the method for manufacturing a solar cell according to the first embodiment includes the following steps:

S101: manufacturing a front electrode layer 2 on a substrate layer 1, wherein the front electrode layer 2 comprises a TCO electrode film 21 and a transparent auxiliary electrode film 22 laminated with the TCO electrode film 21;

S102: forming a light absorbing layer 3 on the front electrode layer 2;

S104: forming a back electrode layer 4 on the light absorbing layer 3;

S105: and manufacturing a protective layer 5 on the back electrode layer 4.

the above steps are methods for manufacturing a transparent solar cell, if the solar cell is semi-transparent, the solar cell has a visible region a and a non-visible region b, the front electrode layer 2, the light absorbing layer 3 and the back electrode layer 4 cover the visible region a and the non-visible region b, wherein the light absorbing layer 3 is a light absorbing grid 31 in the visible region a; after the step S102 of fabricating the light absorbing layer 3, and before the step S104 of fabricating the back electrode layer 4, the method further includes:

S103: a transparent insulating material 6 is filled between the adjacent light absorption grids 31.

The above-mentioned embodiments only express the embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is specific and detailed, but the invention can not be understood as the limitation of the patent scope of the present invention, but all the technical solutions obtained by adopting the equivalent substitution or equivalent transformation should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A solar cell comprises a substrate layer, a front electrode layer, a light absorption layer and a back electrode layer which are sequentially stacked, and is characterized in that: the front electrode layer includes a TCO electrode film and a transparent auxiliary electrode film laminated with the TCO electrode film.

2. The solar cell according to claim 1, wherein a light trapping structure is formed on a surface of the TCO electrode film facing the light absorbing layer.

3. The solar cell of claim 1, wherein the solar cell is transparent and has a visible region and a non-visible region, and the front electrode layer, the light absorbing layer and the back electrode layer are covered on the non-visible region.

4. The solar cell of claim 1, wherein the solar cell is semi-transparent, and has a visible region and a non-visible region, and the front electrode layer, the light absorbing layer and the back electrode layer are covered on the visible region and the non-visible region, wherein the light absorbing layer is a light absorbing grid in the visible region.

5. The solar cell of claim 4, wherein a transparent insulating material is filled between adjacent light absorbing grids.

6. the solar cell according to claim 4 or 5, wherein a non-transparent back electrode film is used as the back electrode layer, and the back electrode layer is laminated on the light absorption grid in a grid structure in the visible region.

7. The solar cell according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the back electrode layer is a transparent back electrode film, and covers the entire surface of the visible region or is stacked on the light absorption grid in a grid structure in the visible region.

8. The solar cell according to claim 7, wherein the transparent back electrode film and the transparent auxiliary electrode film are made of the same material.