CN209741847U - Guide bracket for cast-in-situ bored pile - Google Patents
Guide bracket for cast-in-situ bored pile Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN209741847U CN209741847U CN201920102896.2U CN201920102896U CN209741847U CN 209741847 U CN209741847 U CN 209741847U CN 201920102896 U CN201920102896 U CN 201920102896U CN 209741847 U CN209741847 U CN 209741847U
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- Prior art keywords
- guide
- positioning frame
- pile
- frame
- steel
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- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 title claims description 9
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 56
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 56
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 210000003205 muscle Anatomy 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 36
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009991 scouring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001932 seasonal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model belongs to the technical field of bridge pile foundation construction technique and specifically relates to a drilling guide bracket for bored concrete pile. It comprises a protective cylinder, a positioning frame and a guide pipe; the positioning frame is arranged on the top surface of the protective cylinder, the positioning frame is of a square frame structure, the center of the positioning frame is distributed on the central axis of the protective cylinder, and the middle part of each frame edge of the positioning frame is provided with a guide hole which penetrates through the frame edge in the vertical direction and is distributed; the stand pipe is provided with four, and the stand pipe is counterpointed the cartridge along vertical direction and is located the guiding hole, and the aperture of guiding hole cooperatees with the external diameter of stand pipe, and the upper end of stand pipe is hung and is located on the guiding hole and the lower extreme passes and protect a back downwardly extending to distribute in the stake downthehole. The utility model discloses a protect the cooperation of a section of thick bamboo, positioning frame and stand pipe, avoided reinforcing bar cage top incline effectively to lead to the inhomogeneous problem of protective layer, reinforcing bar cage to appear leaking the problem of muscle and avoid reinforcing bar cage to cut the mud dado, the installation is simple simultaneously, dismantles conveniently, and reuse rate is high.
Description
Technical Field
the utility model belongs to the technical field of bridge pile foundation construction technique and specifically relates to a drilling guide bracket for bored concrete pile.
Background
The construction of the bored pile is a main means of the current bridge pile foundation construction, as most bridges are arranged at the position of a river, in order to ensure the requirements of scouring depth and freezing depth, some river channels have seasonal water flow, the island construction is required to ensure the in-place construction of construction equipment such as a drilling machine and the like during the drilling construction, the bored pile is arranged at the position 2-3m below the original ground of a riverbed, so that the pile foundation reinforcement cage is arranged in a pile hole, a hanging rib about 2 m is required to be arranged to fix the position and the elevation of the reinforcement cage, the reinforcement cage is longer and is still underwater, the elevation of a framework can be controlled by the hanging rib alone, the center position of a pile head is often in accordance with the design and specification requirements, but the top of the reinforcement cage is deviated to one side of the pile hole, the top of the reinforcement cage is deviated, the protective layer around the reinforcement cage after the pouring is uneven, and even the phenomenon of rib leakage, the deviation is great when the pile is spliced, and the quality of the combined part of the pier column and the pile foundation is unstable. A steel reinforcement cage guide bracket has then been developed specifically based on this problem to control the centering of the steel reinforcement cage within the pile bore.
Therefore, it is necessary to develop a guiding bracket for a reinforcement cage in cast-in-situ bored pile construction, so as to control the central position of the reinforcement cage in the pile hole and ensure the construction quality of the cast-in-situ bored pile.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
To the not enough of above-mentioned prior art existence, the utility model aims to provide a guide bracket for bored concrete pile.
in order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:
A guide bracket for a cast-in-situ bored pile comprises a pile casing, a positioning frame and a guide pipe;
The pile casing is used for being embedded under the ground at the pile foundation of the pre-drilled pile hole along the vertical direction;
The positioning frame is arranged on the top surface of the pile casing, the positioning frame is of a square frame structure, the center of the positioning frame is distributed on the central axis of the pile casing, and the middle part of each frame edge of the positioning frame is provided with a guide hole which penetrates through the frame edge in the vertical direction and is distributed;
The guide tube is provided with four, the guide tube is counterpointed along vertical direction and is inserted on the guiding hole, the aperture of guiding hole matches with the external diameter of guide tube, hang on locating the guiding hole and the lower extreme of guide tube passes and extends downwards after protecting the section of thick bamboo and distributes in the stake is downthehole.
preferably, the guide hole is opened at the edge of the middle part of the frame edge, which is close to the inner side.
Preferably, positioning frame's frame limit adopts the channel-section steel preparation to form, positioning frame forms through four channel-sections welded fastening in proper order, the channel-section steel includes integrated into one piece's steel roof and the steel curb plate that is located the left and right both sides of steel roof, the pilot hole is seted up in the middle part of steel roof and is close to the steel curb plate department that is located the positioning frame inboard.
Preferably, the casing is made of steel material.
Preferably, the guide tube is made of steel material.
Preferably, the top end of the guide is provided with a hanging ring, and the hanging ring is erected above the guide hole.
preferably, the suspension ring is integrally formed with the guide tube.
preferably, the hanging ring is formed by welding a steel bar with a U-shaped structure and the guide pipe.
Since the technical scheme is used, the utility model discloses a cooperation of protecting a section of thick bamboo, positioning frame and stand pipe has avoided the slant of steel reinforcement cage top to lead to the inhomogeneous problem of protective layer, steel reinforcement cage to appear leaking the problem of muscle and avoiding the steel reinforcement cage to cut and rub the mud dado, and the while installation is simple, and it is convenient to dismantle, and reuse rate is high, has very strong practical value and market spreading value.
drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic sectional view of a guide bracket according to an embodiment of the present invention after installation;
Fig. 2 is a top view of an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a positioning frame according to an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a positioning frame according to an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is a first structural schematic diagram of the hanging ring according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a second structural schematic diagram of the hanging ring according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings, but the invention can be implemented in many different ways as defined and covered by the claims.
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, a guide support for a bored pile according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a casing 1, a positioning frame 2, and a guide pipe 3;
the pile casing 1 is used for being buried under the ground at a pile foundation of a pre-drilled pile hole a in the vertical direction, in actual construction, the central axis of the pile casing 1 can be overlapped with the central axis of the pile foundation of the pre-drilled pile hole a, the central axis of the pile casing 1 can be conveniently used as the center of a circle, the inner bottom surface of the pile casing 1 is continuously drilled downwards to form the pile hole a, and if the construction processes such as drilling and the like are adopted, slurry is driven to form a slurry retaining wall 4 around the pile hole a when a drill rod is rotated and drilled;
the positioning frame 2 is arranged on the top surface of the pile casing 1, the positioning frame 2 is of a square frame structure, the center of the positioning frame 2 is distributed on the central axis of the pile casing 1, the middle part of each frame edge 21 of the positioning frame 2 is provided with a guide hole b which penetrates through the frame edge 21 and is distributed along the vertical direction, and in actual construction, the size of the positioning frame 2 can be set according to the size of a pile hole a, so that the circumscribed circles of the four guide holes b are the same as or close to the inner diameter of the mud retaining wall 4, preferably, the circumscribed circles of the four guide holes b are slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the mud retaining wall 4;
The stand pipe 3 is provided with four, and stand pipe 3 is counterpointed the cartridge along vertical direction and is located stand hole b, and stand hole b's aperture cooperatees with stand pipe 3's external diameter, and stand pipe 3's upper end is hung and is located on stand hole b and the lower extreme passes and protect a 1 back downwardly extending distribution in stake hole an.
The working principle of the device is as follows: in the actual construction of the bored pile, 1, firstly, positioning the central position of the pile to be placed, embedding a pile casing 1 by taking the position as the center, continuously calibrating in the embedding process so as to enable the central axis of the pile casing 1 to be coincident with the central axis of a pile foundation, simultaneously checking whether the pile casing 1 is vertical, and if deflection is found, timely correcting; 2. after the pile casing 1 is buried, a drilling machine is in place and drills holes, pile holes a with required depth are drilled by measuring the hole depth in the drilling process, and the pile holes a are cleaned; 3. then, the positioning frame 2 is placed, the positioning frame 2 can be fixed at the top of the pile casing 1 in a welding, clamping, limiting and other modes, and the center of the positioning frame 2 is verified and ensured to be distributed on the central axis of the pile casing 1; 4. the guide pipe 3 is inserted, the guide pipe 3 is inserted into the guide hole b from top to bottom along the plumb direction (namely, the vertical direction), and can be extended and distributed at the bottom of the pile hole a, so that the installation of the guide support is completed. After the reinforcement cage is fixed after security and protection are finished, when pile foundation concrete pouring is finished, the guide pipes 3 can be pulled out one by the aid of a crane, the positioning frame 2 is removed, and the pile casings 1 are pulled out, so that follow-up repeated construction and utilization are facilitated. In the construction process, because the pile hole a is in the plumb direction, the inserted guide pipes 3 can naturally cling to the outer wall of the pile hole a (namely naturally cling to the position near the mud retaining wall 4) under the action of gravity, so that inscribed circles among the four guide pipes 3 can form a space for placing a reinforcement cage so as to be convenient for placing the reinforcement cage, the reinforcement cage is guided by the positioning frame 2 and the guide pipes 3, the periphery of the reinforcement cage always keeps the same distance with the mud retaining wall 4, and the distance is the thickness of an outer protective layer of the reinforcement cage after concrete is poured; when concrete is poured, the steel reinforcement cage can be kept on a pile foundation central axis due to the existence of the guide pipe 3, deflection is not generated, the thickness of a protective layer is uniform and unchanged, when the concrete pouring is finished and the guide pipe 3 is pulled out, the steel reinforcement cage is pulled out without causing the deflection problem of the steel reinforcement cage in the concrete and the problem of steel reinforcement leakage of the steel reinforcement cage due to the fact that the concrete is filled between the steel reinforcement cage and the outer wall of the pile hole a; meanwhile, due to the existence of the guide pipe 3, the phenomenon that the steel reinforcement cage is scraped and rubbed with the mud protection wall 4 is effectively avoided in the lowering process of the steel reinforcement cage, for example, the hole collapse phenomenon caused by scraping and rubbing the protection wall of the steel reinforcement cage can be effectively prevented in the collapse-prone areas such as silty-sand geology and the like, and the phenomenon that the thickness of a sediment layer exceeds the standard caused by scraping and rubbing the protection wall can also be reduced, when concrete is poured, if the sediment in the sediment layer is too thick, part of the sediment is turned over by concrete falling by gravity, in the process of turning over the sediment, a small amount of sediment is mixed into fresh concrete, so that the concrete is impure, the strength of the concrete is seriously influenced, besides the turned-over sediment, a small amount of sediment is not turned over and continues to be at the bottom of a hole, if the poured concrete covers the sediment, an interlayer is formed between the bottom of the hole and the bottom of the pile, the interlayer has small influence on friction pile, but is small for supporting piles or rock-socketed piles, greatly reducing the bearing capacity and rock-socketed effect of the substrate; and because the specific gravity of the sediment at the bottom of the pile is small, the sediment cannot play a role in embedding and fixing the bottom of the pile, and the effect of resisting bending moment on the bottom of the pile is reduced, so that the potential large deformation exists, and the stress and the stability of a pile body are unfavorable.
Based on this, its simple structure is compact, through the cooperation of protecting a section of thick bamboo 1, positioning frame 2 and stand pipe 3, has avoided the top deflection of steel reinforcement cage to lead to the inhomogeneous problem of protective layer, the steel reinforcement cage to appear leaking the problem of muscle and has avoided the steel reinforcement cage to cut to rub mud dado 4, and the while installation is simple, and it is convenient to dismantle, and reuse rate is high, has very strong practical value and market spreading value.
In order to optimize the structure of the device and improve the guiding effect of the reinforcement cage, the guiding hole b of the embodiment is arranged at the edge of the middle part of the frame edge 21 close to the inner side. Because the external diameter size of steel reinforcement cage is only when being less than the bore of the inscribed circle of positioning frame 2, just the steel reinforcement cage of being convenient for is in positioning frame 2 free below, so in order to improve the direction effect of stand pipe 3 to the steel reinforcement cage, need reduce the distance of guiding hole b and the inboard border of positioning frame 2's frame as far as possible.
Further, as preferred scheme, the frame 21 of the positioning frame 2 of this embodiment adopts the channel-section steel preparation to form, and positioning frame 2 forms through four channel-section steels welded fastening in proper order, and the channel-section steel includes integrated into one piece's steel roof 211 and the steel curb plate 212 that is located the steel roof 211 left and right sides, and guiding hole b sets up in the middle part of steel roof 211 and is close to the steel curb plate 212 department that is located positioning frame 2 inboard. From this, the structural feature of usable channel-section steel when guaranteeing the structure steadiness of frame limit 21, reduces the distance of guiding hole b and the inboard border of the frame of positioning frame 2 effectively.
In order to improve the performance of the casing 1, the casing 1 of the present embodiment is made of a steel material. The stability of the casing 1 is provided by the properties of the steel material, while the cost of the casing 1 is reduced. It should be noted that the pile hole a needs to be continuously excavated along the inner bottom surface of the casing 1 in a downward extending manner, and two reasons exist, the first is that the casing 1 has high cost and cannot be used for all piles; the longer the length of the second solid casing 1, the more difficult it is to bury the casing, and therefore the casing 1 cannot be used for all piles. The pile casing 1 has the main functions of positioning, protecting the pile hole a, preventing ground stones from falling into the hole, preventing sediment backflow in the drilling process, and also being one of the basis for controlling the elevation of the pile top for keeping the slurry level (pressure) and preventing hole collapse. The wall thickness of the steel casing 1 is about 10mm, and the inner diameter of the casing 1 is preferably 20-40 cm larger than the caliber of a pile hole (namely the inner diameter of the slurry retaining wall 4). When the pile casing 1 is positioned, the central vertical line of the pile casing 1 is coincided with the central line of a pile, the position of the pile casing 1 is determined on the soil according to the radius of the pile casing 1 by taking the center of a pile position as the center of a circle, the pile casing 1 is embedded into the soil by applying pressure after the pile casing 1 is positioned, the embedding depth is 2-4M in general conditions, the special conditions are deepened to ensure the smooth proceeding of drilling and concrete pouring, if the downward pressing is difficult, a part of soil body at a hole position can be dug out firstly, and then the pile casing 1 is placed and embedded into the ground. Whether the pile casing 1 is vertical or not should be checked in the embedding process, and if the deflection is found, the correction should be carried out in time. After the protective cylinder 1 is buried in place, the outer side of the protective cylinder 1 is backfilled and compacted by clay to prevent the water leakage phenomenon around the protective cylinder 1, the backfilling thickness is about 40-45 cm, and the top height is 0.4-0.6m higher than the ground (water surface).
to improve the performance of the guide tube 3, the guide tube 3 of the present embodiment is made of a steel material. The guide pipe 3 made of steel material is generally a common frame pipe, has firm structure, is light even if the length is up to 6 meters, and can be easily inserted into the guide hole b by one person; because 3 clamp-ups of stand pipe are established between steel reinforcement cage and pile hole a outer wall, so the protective layer thickness of pile foundation reinforcing bar can be represented to the external diameter of stand pipe 3, consequently through setting up and adjusting the external diameter of stand pipe 3 and rather than the internal diameter of matched with guiding hole b, can adjust the protective layer thickness of pile foundation reinforcing bar.
in order to insert and fix the guide tube 3 in the guide hole b, the guide tube 3 of the present embodiment is provided with a hanging ring 31 at the top end thereof, and the hanging ring 31 is erected above the guide hole b. By means of the arrangement of the hanging ring 31, the guide pipe 3 can be conveniently inserted into the guide hole b by the crane through the hanging ring 31, the guide pipe 3 can be conveniently pulled out of the guide hole b, and labor is saved; meanwhile, the upper end of the guide tube 3 is conveniently fixed on the positioning frame 2, and the lower end of the guide tube 3 is fixed by utilizing the gravity of the guide tube 3 or the bottom end of the guide tube 3 contacting with the bottom of the pile hole a.
Further, preferably, the hanging ring 31 is integrally formed with the guide tube 3.
Further, the hanging ring 31 is preferably formed by welding a steel bar having a U-like structure to the guide tube 3.
The above only is the preferred embodiment of the present invention, not limiting the scope of the present invention, all the equivalent structures or equivalent flow changes made by the contents of the specification and the drawings, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the same way in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a drilling is guide bracket for bored concrete pile which characterized in that: it comprises a protective cylinder, a positioning frame and a guide pipe;
The pile casing is used for being embedded under the ground at the pile foundation of the pre-drilled pile hole along the vertical direction;
The positioning frame is arranged on the top surface of the pile casing, the positioning frame is of a square frame structure, the center of the positioning frame is distributed on the central axis of the pile casing, and the middle part of each frame edge of the positioning frame is provided with a guide hole which penetrates through the frame edge in the vertical direction and is distributed;
The guide tube is provided with four, the guide tube is counterpointed along vertical direction and is inserted on the guiding hole, the aperture of guiding hole matches with the external diameter of guide tube, hang on locating the guiding hole and the lower extreme of guide tube passes and extends downwards after protecting the section of thick bamboo and distributes in the stake is downthehole.
2. A guide bracket for a cast-in-situ bored pile according to claim 1, wherein: the guide hole is arranged at the edge of the middle part of the frame edge close to the inner side.
3. A guide bracket for a bored pile according to claim 2, wherein: the frame limit of positioning frame adopts the channel-section steel preparation to form, positioning frame forms through four channel-sections welded fastening in proper order, the channel-section steel includes integrated into one piece's steel roof and the steel curb plate that is located the left and right both sides of steel roof, the guide hole is seted up and is located the inboard steel curb plate department of positioning frame near the middle part of steel roof.
4. A guide bracket for a cast-in-situ bored pile according to claim 1, wherein: the protective cylinder is made of steel materials.
5. A guide bracket for a cast-in-situ bored pile according to claim 1, wherein: the guide pipe is made of steel materials.
6. a guide bracket for a cast-in-situ bored pile according to claim 1, wherein: the top of direction is provided with rings, rings erects above the guiding hole.
7. A guide bracket for a bored pile according to claim 6, wherein: the hanging ring and the guide pipe are integrally formed.
8. a guide bracket for a bored pile according to claim 6, wherein: the lifting ring is formed by welding a steel bar with a U-shaped structure and a guide pipe.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201920102896.2U CN209741847U (en) | 2019-01-21 | 2019-01-21 | Guide bracket for cast-in-situ bored pile |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201920102896.2U CN209741847U (en) | 2019-01-21 | 2019-01-21 | Guide bracket for cast-in-situ bored pile |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN209741847U true CN209741847U (en) | 2019-12-06 |
Family
ID=68706621
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201920102896.2U Expired - Fee Related CN209741847U (en) | 2019-01-21 | 2019-01-21 | Guide bracket for cast-in-situ bored pile |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN209741847U (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111424649A (en) * | 2020-04-01 | 2020-07-17 | 中国十七冶集团有限公司 | Construction technology for accurately positioning pile position of cast-in-place pile aiming at complex geology of large-scale venue in river region |
| CN114875897A (en) * | 2022-05-10 | 2022-08-09 | 中煤长江基础建设有限公司 | Reverse circulation bored concrete pile construction equipment with dado structure |
| CN114892658A (en) * | 2022-04-25 | 2022-08-12 | 四川中港建设工程有限公司 | Forming device and forming method for cast-in-place pile |
| CN115928742A (en) * | 2023-02-01 | 2023-04-07 | 江苏省中成建设工程总公司 | Mud dado drilling bored concrete pile construction is with hanging of preventing steel reinforcement cage deformation puts device |
-
2019
- 2019-01-21 CN CN201920102896.2U patent/CN209741847U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111424649A (en) * | 2020-04-01 | 2020-07-17 | 中国十七冶集团有限公司 | Construction technology for accurately positioning pile position of cast-in-place pile aiming at complex geology of large-scale venue in river region |
| CN114892658A (en) * | 2022-04-25 | 2022-08-12 | 四川中港建设工程有限公司 | Forming device and forming method for cast-in-place pile |
| CN114892658B (en) * | 2022-04-25 | 2024-01-26 | 四川中港建设工程有限公司 | Forming device and forming method for cast-in-place pile |
| CN114875897A (en) * | 2022-05-10 | 2022-08-09 | 中煤长江基础建设有限公司 | Reverse circulation bored concrete pile construction equipment with dado structure |
| CN115928742A (en) * | 2023-02-01 | 2023-04-07 | 江苏省中成建设工程总公司 | Mud dado drilling bored concrete pile construction is with hanging of preventing steel reinforcement cage deformation puts device |
| CN115928742B (en) * | 2023-02-01 | 2023-08-22 | 江苏省中成建设工程总公司 | Hoisting device for preventing reinforcement cage from deforming for slurry wall-protecting bored pile construction |
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|---|---|---|---|
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee | ||
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Granted publication date: 20191206 |