CN209707279U - Compression shear test device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a kind of compression shear test devices, including being provided with vertical loading mechanism, the mechanism rack of lateral loading mechanism, mechanism rack includes pedestal, column and crossbeam, it is characterized by: guiding movement is assemblied on column crossbeam along the vertical direction, the beam lifting cylinder that driving crossbeam is moved up and down along column is provided in mechanism rack, the column keyway being distributed along the vertical direction is provided on column, crossbeam keyway corresponding with column keyway is provided on crossbeam, key block driving mechanism is provided on column, it is provided on the power output end of key block driving mechanism for being inserted into crossbeam keyway and the key block in corresponding column keyway in the horizontal direction.The utility model solves the problems, such as to realize beam lifting low efficiency caused by beam lifting using screw-threaded shaft elevator structure in the prior art.

Description

Compression shear test device

technical field

The utility model relates to a compression-shear test device for performing a compression-shear test on a rubber bearing.

Background technique

As the loading tonnage of large-scale compression-shear testing machines increases, the height of the test piece needs to have a large room for change. Therefore, if the beam of the testing machine is fixed, it will cause a lot of inconvenience to the test. Trials are also costly.

In the traditional compression-shear test device, the screw lifting mechanism is generally used to adjust the height of the beam. The screw lifting mechanism has the ability of self-locking after lifting, but the typical disadvantage of the screw lifting mechanism is that through the rotation of the screw nut To drive the lead screw to move in a straight line, the lifting action is slow and the lifting efficiency is low.

Utility model content

The purpose of the utility model is to provide a compression-shear test device to solve the problem in the prior art that the lifting efficiency of the beam is low due to the use of a screw lifting mechanism to realize the lifting of the beam.

For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical scheme of the utility model is as follows:

A compression-shear test device, comprising a mechanism frame provided with a vertical loading mechanism and a lateral loading mechanism. The mechanism frame includes a base, a column and a beam. The beam lifting cylinder for the column to move up and down. The column is provided with column keyways distributed along the up and down direction. A key block for inserting into the keyway of the beam and the keyway of the corresponding column along the horizontal direction is arranged on the end.

The key block driving mechanism includes a key block driving cylinder arranged on the side of the beam, the key block and the key block driving cylinder are arranged side by side, the piston rod of the key block driving cylinder forms the power output end of the key block driving mechanism, and the piston rod of the key block driving cylinder The connecting piece is fixedly connected with the key block.

A fixed beam is fixed on the top of the column, and the beam lifting cylinder is arranged on the fixed beam.

The vertical loading mechanism includes a loading plate, and the power output end of the lateral loading mechanism is connected with an upper side box plate and/or a lower side box plate arranged opposite to the loading plate for applying a shear force to the corresponding rubber bearing. Force box, the mechanism frame is provided with a reaction force seat extending into the interior of the shear force box, and three shear hydraulic cylinders are arranged at even intervals along the circumferential direction between the reaction force seat and the inner wall of the shear force box. One end of the cutting hydraulic cylinder is hingedly connected with the reaction force seat through the first hinge structure, and the other end of the shearing hydraulic cylinder is hingedly connected with the inner wall of the shear force box through the second hinge structure.

The axes of the first hinge structure and the second hinge structure both extend up and down. The second hinge structure includes a hinge shaft and a hinge connecting plate connected to the hinge shaft through a hinge hole. The hinge connecting plate can move up and down relative to the hinge shaft.

The reaction seat is a cylindrical structure whose bottom is fixed on the base. The lower side box plate of the shear box is provided with a reaction seat perforation for the upper end of the reaction seat to pass through. The upper side box plate of the shear box The first placement space for the rubber bearing is formed between the crossbeam, the vertical loading mechanism includes a vertical loading cylinder vertically arranged on the base, the top of the piston rod of the vertical loading cylinder is provided with a loading plate, and the loading plate is connected to the A second space for placing the rubber bearing is formed between the lower side box plates of the shear box.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows: the movement of the beam in the utility model is divided into two steps. The first step is to drive the beam to move up and down along the column through the column lifting cylinder. In the second step, the key block driving mechanism drives the key block to be inserted into the key groove of the beam and In the corresponding keyway of the column, the beam is fixed through the cooperation of the key block and the keyway to bear the corresponding loading force, and the rapid lifting and moving adjustment of the beam can be realized through the column lifting cylinder.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of embodiment 1 of the present utility model;

Fig. 2 is the cooperative schematic diagram of the shear hydraulic cylinder and the shear force box in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of cooperation between the base and the vertical loading cylinder in Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of cooperation between the vertical loading cylinder and the quick locking device in Fig. 1;

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the quick clamping device in Fig. 4;

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the cooperation of the key block drive mechanism in Fig. 1 with the key block;

Figure 7 is a top view of Figure 6;

Fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 2 of the medium-pressure shear test device of the present invention.

Detailed ways

Embodiment 1 of the medium-pressure shear test device of the present utility model is shown in Figures 1 to 7: it includes a mechanism frame provided with a vertical loading mechanism and a lateral loading mechanism, and the mechanism frame includes a base 25 and four columns 9 fixed on the base , the four columns are divided into left and right pairs, and each pair of columns includes two front and rear columns. The top of the column is fixed with a fixed beam 1, and the lower side of the column guides and moves with a crossbeam. The crossbeam is provided with a column perforation vertically penetrating the beam. The fixed beam is provided with a vertically arranged beam lifting cylinder 2 connected to the upper end of the beam to drive the beam to move up and down.

The compression-shear testing machine also includes an upper side box plate 14 and a lower side box plate 19 for applying a shear box 11 in a horizontal direction to the corresponding rubber bearing 10, and the vertical loading mechanism includes four vertically arranged on the base. The vertical loading cylinder 23, the top of the piston rod of the vertical loading cylinder 23 is provided with a loading plate 27, in this embodiment, the first placement space of the rubber bearing is formed between the upper side box plate 14 of the shear box and the cross beam 12, A second storage space for the rubber bearing is formed between the loading plate 27 and the lower side box plate 19 of the shear box. The lower side box plate of the shear box is provided with a reaction force seat perforation 20, and the first placement space and the second placement space are located on the right side of the reaction force seat perforation. The base is fixed with a reaction seat 24 whose upper end extends into the shear box. In this embodiment, the reaction seat is a columnar structure located between four vertical loading cylinders. Three shearing hydraulic cylinders 13 arranged at even intervals along the circumferential direction are arranged between the reaction force seat and the inner wall 15 of the shear force box. One end of the shear hydraulic cylinder 13 is hingedly connected with the reaction force seat through a first hinge structure, and the shear hydraulic pressure The other end of the cylinder is hingedly connected with the inner wall of the shear box through the second hinged structure. The axes of the first hinged structure and the second hinged structure extend along the up and down direction. The connected hinge connecting plate 18, the inner wall of the shear box is fixed with hinge connecting lugs 17 arranged at intervals up and down, the hinge 16 is fixed (or rotatably assembled) on the hinge connecting lug, and the hinge connecting plate 18 is fixed On the piston rod of the shearing hydraulic cylinder 13, the distance between the two hinge connecting lugs 17 is greater than the thickness of the hinge connecting plate 18, so the hinge connecting plate can move up and down relative to the hinge. This arrangement makes the vertical When the rubber bearing is loaded vertically to the loading cylinder, the vertical force will not be transmitted to the shearing hydraulic cylinder. On the one hand, the accuracy of the vertical loading force output to the rubber bearing can be ensured, and the vertical loading can also be avoided. The force causes damage to the shear hydraulic cylinder. The first hinged structure includes an ear plate fixed on the reaction force seat, a vertical hinge shaft 22 is arranged on the ear plate, and a connecting plate 21 rotatably connected with the vertical hinge shaft is fixed on the cylinder body of the shearing hydraulic cylinder.

In this embodiment, the four vertical loading cylinders 23 are distributed in a diamond shape, the maximum loading force of the front and rear two vertical loading cylinders is 2000T, the maximum loading force of the left and right two vertical loading cylinders is 1000T, and the maximum loading force of the two vertical loading cylinders is 1000T. The piston rod is connected to the loading plate 27 through the quick locking device 28, which can realize the rapid connection and disengagement of the corresponding piston rod and the loading plate. When the vertical loading mechanism is required to output a vertical loading force of 6000T, the four vertical loading The cylinders work at the same time; when the vertical loading mechanism is required to output 2000T vertical loading force, the connection between the front and rear two vertical loading cylinders and the loading plate is disconnected, and only the left and right vertical loading cylinders are required to work; when the vertical loading mechanism is required When outputting a vertical loading force of 4000T, disconnect the left and right vertical loading cylinders from the loading plate, and only need the front and rear vertical loading cylinders to work, so that multi-tonnage loading operations can be realized.

Quick locking device 28 comprises the device seat of the box-like structure of annular structure, and device seat is fixed on the lower plate surface of loading plate 27, and device seat comprises upper box plate 50, lower box plate 52 and is fixed on upper box plate 50, lower plate Between the inner ring 40 and the outer ring 39 between the box plates 52, three guide grooves 42 radially extending along the inner ring are distributed on the inner ring along the circumferential direction, and the width of the guide grooves 42 gradually decreases from the outside to the inside, and each guide groove The middle guide movement is equipped with a locking block 41. The locking block 41 is a trapezoidal structure whose width gradually changes from the outside to the inside. The guide groove cooperates with the locking block to limit the maximum moving range of the locking block towards the inside. A locking block locking spring 43 is arranged between the outer ring and the corresponding locking block, and a transmission pin shaft 44 is fixed on the lower side of the locking block 41, and the lower box plate 52 is provided with a radially extending shaft for the outer ring. With the guide slot 51 that guides and moves in the radial direction with the drive pin 44, the underside of the lower box plate is equipped with an unlocking hydraulic cylinder 53, and the piston rod of the unlocking hydraulic cylinder 53 links to each other with the drive pin. In normal use, the unlocking hydraulic cylinder unloads, and under the action of the locking block locking spring 43, the locking block 41 moves toward the inner side of the inner ring 40, and protrudes from the inner side of the inner ring, and the piston of the vertical loading cylinder The upper end of the rod is provided with a locking edge 54. The top of the locking edge 54 is used to directly support the loading plate 27. When the locking block protrudes from the inner side of the inner ring, it can be stuck on the lower side of the locking edge to realize Connection of the vertical loading cylinder to the loading plate. The inner upper end of the locking block is provided with a locking block chamfering structure 55, and a piston rod chamfering matching with the locking block chamfering structure is provided between the locking turning edge and the piston rod of the vertical loading cylinder, and the piston rod chamfering This facilitates the movement of the locking block to the underside of the piston rod. When the piston rod of the vertical loading cylinder is required to disengage from the loading plate, the unlocking hydraulic cylinder acts, and the drive pin shaft drives the unlocking block to retract. At this time, the piston rod of the vertical loading cylinder can be retracted to complete the separation from the loading plate.

The column 9 is provided with a column keyway 4 distributed along the up-down direction, the beam is provided with a beam keyway 2 corresponding to the column keyway, and a key block driving mechanism is provided on the column. In this embodiment, the key block driving mechanism includes a The key block driving cylinder 3 at the side, and the piston rod 5 of the key block driving cylinder constitute the power output end of the key block driving mechanism. The power output end of the key block driving mechanism is connected with the key block 8 for inserting into the keyway of the beam and the keyway of the corresponding column in the horizontal direction through the connecting piece 6. The piston rods are all welded and fixedly connected, and the key blocks and the key block driving cylinder are arranged side by side. In this embodiment, there are two key blocks, and the two key blocks are arranged side by side at intervals up and down, and the two key blocks and the key block driving cylinder are also arranged side by side.

When the height of the beam is adjusted, the beam lift cylinder 2 drives the beam to move up and down for adjustment. After the adjustment is in place, the key block driving cylinder drives the key block to be inserted into the key groove of the beam and the corresponding keyway of the column from front to back. The two key blocks It will correspond to two key slots respectively, and the position of the beam relative to the column is fixed through the key block. At this time, the beam lifting cylinder can be unloaded; The friction force between the block and the keyway moves the key block out of the corresponding keyway through the key block drive cylinder, and the beam lifting cylinder can lift and lower the beam.

When in use, the two rubber bearings are respectively placed between the shear box and the loading plate and between the shear box and the beam. The vertical loading cylinders of the vertical loading mechanism are used to send the two rubber bearings through the loading plate. Applying vertical loading force, each shear hydraulic cylinder can apply horizontal shear force in any direction to the rubber bearing through the shear box, so as to complete the compression shear test on the rubber bearing; through the quick locking device, the corresponding vertical shear force can be realized. The quick connection and separation of the vertical loading cylinder and the loading plate; the selection of different vertical loading cylinders can meet the loading requirements of different tonnages; the adjustment of the height of the beam is also simple and convenient, and the entire compression shear testing machine is compact in structure and occupies a small volume. In other embodiments of the present invention: the hinge shaft of the second hinge structure can also be arranged on the shear hydraulic cylinder, and the hinge shaft connecting plate of the second hinge structure can also be arranged on the shear box.

Embodiment 2 of the medium-pressure shear test device of the present utility model is shown in Figure 8: the difference between Embodiment 2 and Embodiment 1 is that the vertical loading cylinder 23 is fixed on the beam 12, and the upper side box plate of the shear box is connected with the loading A stand placement space for the rubber stand 10 to be placed is formed between the plates 27 . Item 2 in the figure represents the beam lifting cylinder; item 28 represents the quick locking device; item 19 represents the lower side box plate of the shear box; item 24 represents the reaction force seat;

Claims (5)

1. Compression-shear test device, including a mechanism frame provided with a vertical loading mechanism and a lateral loading mechanism. The mechanism frame includes a base, a column and a beam, and is characterized in that: the beam moves along the vertical direction and is assembled on the column, and the mechanism frame is set There is a beam lifting cylinder that drives the beam to move up and down along the column. The column is provided with column keyways distributed along the up and down direction. The beam is provided with beam keyways corresponding to the keyways of the column. The power output end of the mechanism is provided with a key block for inserting into the keyway of the beam and the keyway of the corresponding column along the horizontal direction. 2. The compression-shear test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the key block drive mechanism includes a key block drive cylinder arranged on the side of the beam, the key block and the key block drive cylinder are arranged side by side, and the piston of the key block drive cylinder The rod forms the power output end of the key block driving mechanism, and the piston rod of the key block driving cylinder is fixedly connected with the key block through the connecting piece. 3. The compression-shear test device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the vertical loading mechanism includes a loading plate, and the power output end of the lateral loading mechanism is connected with an upper box plate opposite to the loading plate And/or the lower side box plate is used to apply shear force to the corresponding rubber bearing. The mechanism frame is provided with a reaction force seat extending into the interior of the shear force box. There are three shearing hydraulic cylinders evenly spaced along the circumferential direction between the inner walls, one end of the shearing hydraulic cylinder is hingedly connected with the reaction seat through the first hinge structure, and the other end of the shearing hydraulic cylinder is hinged with the reaction seat through the second hinge structure. The inner walls of the shear box are connected by hinges. 4. The compression-shear test device according to claim 3, characterized in that: the axes of the first hinged structure and the second hinged structure extend along the up-down direction, and the second hinged structure includes a hinge shaft and is connected to the hinge shaft through a hinge hole. A hinge connecting plate, the hinge connecting plate can move up and down relative to the hinge. 5. The compression-shear test device according to claim 4, characterized in that: the reaction force base is a cylindrical structure whose bottom is fixed on the base, and the lower side box plate of the shear box is provided with a reaction force support. The reaction seat passing through the upper end of the seat is perforated, and the first space for placing the rubber support is formed between the upper side box plate and the beam of the shear box. The vertical loading mechanism includes a vertical loading cylinder vertically arranged on the base, The top of the piston rod of the vertical loading cylinder is provided with a loading plate, and a second space for placing the rubber bearing is formed between the loading plate and the lower box plate of the shear box.