CN109870369B - Hydraulic pressure shearing test machine - Google Patents

Hydraulic pressure shearing test machine Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109870369B
CN109870369B CN201910266973.2A CN201910266973A CN109870369B CN 109870369 B CN109870369 B CN 109870369B CN 201910266973 A CN201910266973 A CN 201910266973A CN 109870369 B CN109870369 B CN 109870369B
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China
Prior art keywords
holding clamp
locking
lower holding
support
hydraulic cylinder
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CN201910266973.2A
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CN109870369A (en
Inventor
吴跟上
邵景干
刘伟
尚廷东
兰伟伟
许利君
吴曼
朱叶
吉磊光
邵诗童
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Henan Vocational and Technical College of Communications
Henan Jiaoyuan Engineering Technology Co Ltd
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Henan Vocational and Technical College of Communications
Henan Jiaoyuan Engineering Technology Co Ltd
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Publication of CN109870369A publication Critical patent/CN109870369A/en
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Abstract

The invention relates to a hydraulic pressure shearing testing machine, which comprises a base provided with a vertical loading mechanism, wherein an upright post is arranged on the base, a cross beam is assembled on the upright post in a vertically guiding and moving manner, locking teeth distributed in the vertical direction are arranged on the upright post, an upper holding clamp is arranged on the cross beam, a lower holding clamp is arranged on the upright post at the lower side of the cross beam, a lower covering clamp comprises a lower holding clamp support assembled on a corresponding upright post in a vertically guiding and moving manner, a lower holding clamp hydraulic cylinder is arranged on the lower holding clamp support, and a lower holding clamp locking block which can be locked and separated with the corresponding locking teeth is connected to a piston rod of the lower holding clamp hydraulic cylinder in a transmission manner; the upper holding clamp comprises an upper holding clamp support, an upper holding clamp hydraulic cylinder is arranged on the upper holding clamp support, an upper holding clamp block which can be separated from a corresponding locking tooth locking box is connected to a piston rod of the upper holding clamp hydraulic cylinder in a transmission mode, and a jacking hydraulic cylinder is arranged between the lower holding clamp support and the upper holding clamp support. The invention provides a hydraulic pressure shear testing machine with a beam capable of being adjusted in a stepping type lifting mode.

Description

Hydraulic pressure shearing test machine
Technical Field
The invention relates to a hydraulic pressure shearing test machine for performing a pressure shearing test on a rubber support.
Background
Along with the loading tonnage of the large-scale compression-shear testing machine is larger and larger, and the height of the test piece has a large change space, so that if the cross beam of the testing machine is fixed, much inconvenience is caused to the test, and the cost overhead is also large for the test at the later stage, so that the test is not facilitated.
Chinese patent CN207396212U discloses "a large-scale compression shear testing machine crossbeam locking mechanism", including the stand, the direction removes on the stand and is equipped with the elevating platform promptly crossbeam, is provided with lift cylinder in the downside of elevating platform, through the lift operation of lift cylinder, can promote the elevating platform and reciprocate on the stand. The locking mechanism comprises a push-pull oil cylinder, a key block and a locking key, the locking key is arranged on the stand column, the thrust oil cylinder and the key block are arranged on the lifting platform, a piston rod of the thrust oil cylinder is connected with the key block, and the key block can be pushed to be placed in or far away from the key groove through push-pull telescopic operation of the push-pull oil cylinder. The existing hydraulic pressure shear testing machine has the problems that: the lifting oil cylinder is required to be arranged independently to lift the lifting platform, and the lifting oil cylinder positioned on the lower side of the lifting platform occupies a large amount of space; in addition, the lifting height of the lifting platform is limited by the extending height of a piston rod of the lifting oil cylinder, and the lifting amplitude of the lifting platform is large, so that the size of the lifting oil cylinder needs to be large, and the lifting platform occupies more space and increases the cost.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a hydraulic pressure shear testing machine with a beam capable of being adjusted in a stepping type lifting mode.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a hydraulic pressure shear testing machine comprises a base provided with a vertical loading mechanism, wherein an upright post is arranged on the base, a cross beam is assembled on the upright post in a vertically-guided moving manner, locking teeth distributed in the vertical direction are arranged on the upright post, an upper holding clamp is arranged on the cross beam, a lower holding clamp is arranged on the upright post and positioned at the lower side of the cross beam, the lower holding clamp comprises a lower holding clamp support assembled on a corresponding upright post in a vertically-guided moving manner, a lower holding clamp hydraulic cylinder is arranged on the lower holding clamp support, and a lower holding clamp locking block which can be locked and separated with the corresponding locking teeth is connected to a piston rod of the lower holding clamp hydraulic cylinder in a transmission manner; the upper holding clamp comprises an upper holding clamp support, an upper holding clamp hydraulic cylinder is arranged on the upper holding clamp support, an upper holding clamp block which can be separated from a corresponding locking tooth locking box is connected to a piston rod of the upper holding clamp hydraulic cylinder in a transmission mode, and a jacking hydraulic cylinder is arranged between the lower holding clamp support and the upper holding clamp support.
The upper clamping locking block and the lower clamping locking block are vertically arranged locking block structures with at least two teeth.
The upper clamping locking block is assembled on the upper clamping support in a guiding and moving mode along the horizontal direction, and an upper clamping locking spring which exerts acting force towards the direction of the corresponding locking tooth on the upper clamping locking block is arranged between the upper clamping support and the upper clamping locking block.
An upper clamping guide rod which realizes the guide and moving matching of the upper clamping lock block and the upper clamping support is fixed on the upper clamping lock block, and the upper clamping lock is tightly sleeved on the upper clamping guide rod.
The lower holding locking block is assembled on the lower holding support in a guiding and moving mode along the horizontal direction, and a lower holding locking spring which applies acting force towards the direction of the corresponding locking tooth to the lower holding locking block is arranged between the lower holding support and the lower holding locking block.
The lower holding and clamping lock block is fixedly provided with a lower holding and clamping guide rod which realizes the guide and movement matching of the lower holding and clamping support, and the lower holding and clamping lock is tightly sleeved on the lower holding and clamping guide rod.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the hydraulic pressure shear testing machine, when the height of a cross beam needs to be adjusted, the lower clamp is fixed relative to the upright post, the upper clamp hydraulic cylinder drives the upper clamp locking block to be separated from the locking teeth on the upright post, unlocking of the upper clamp is completed, the lower clamp serves as a counter-force seat of the jacking hydraulic cylinder, and the jacking hydraulic cylinder can push the upper clamp and the cross beam to move; then, the upper holding clamp is fixed relative to the upright post, the lower holding clamp hydraulic cylinder drives the lower holding clamp locking block to be separated from the locking teeth on the upright post, the lower holding clamp is unlocked, the jacking hydraulic cylinder retracts to drive the lower holding clamp to move along the upright post, the height of the cross beam can be adjusted in one step by repeating the steps, and the jacking stroke of the jacking hydraulic cylinder only determines the stepping distance of each step of the cross beam but does not influence the whole moving range of the cross beam because the cross beam adopts a stepping adjusting mode.
Further, when the vertical loading mechanism is not loaded, in order to guarantee the height stability of the cross beam, only the dead weight of the cross beam needs to be overcome between the locking teeth and the corresponding locking blocks, the locking blocks and the locking teeth can be guaranteed to be reliably locked through the corresponding clamping locking springs, the corresponding clamping hydraulic cylinders do not need to work at the moment, when the vertical loading mechanism is loaded, the cross beam needs to bear vertical loading force, and the locking force between the locking teeth and the corresponding locking blocks is guaranteed through the propping of the clamping hydraulic cylinders at the moment.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the cross beam and the vertical column of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of the shear cylinder of FIG. 1 engaged with a shear box;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the base of FIG. 1 in cooperation with a vertical loading cylinder;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the vertical loading cylinder of FIG. 1 engaged with the quick lock;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the quick clamping assembly of FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of embodiment 2 of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of embodiment 3 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
An embodiment 1 of a hydraulic shear test machine is shown in fig. 1 to 6: the mechanism frame comprises a base 25 and four upright posts 9 fixed on the base, wherein the four upright posts are divided into a left pair and a right pair, and each pair of upright posts comprises a front upright post and a rear upright post. The upright post is provided with a cross beam 12, a cross beam height adjusting mechanism for adjusting the height of the cross beam is arranged between the upright post and the cross beam, an upright post perforation vertically penetrating through the cross beam is arranged on the cross beam, and the cross beam is matched with the upright post in a guiding and moving manner along the vertical direction through the upright post perforation.
The compression-shear testing machine further comprises a shear box 11, wherein the upper box plate 14 and the lower box plate 19 are used for applying horizontal shear force to the corresponding rubber support 10, the vertical loading mechanism comprises four vertical loading cylinders 23 vertically arranged on the base, and a loading plate 27 is arranged at the top of a piston rod of each vertical loading cylinder 23. A counter-force seat through hole 20 is formed in a lower box plate of the shear box, and the first placing space and the second placing space are located on the right side of the counter-force seat through hole. The base is fixed with the reaction seat 24 that the upper end stretches into the shear force incasement portion, and the reaction seat is the cylindricality structure that is located between four vertical loading cylinders in this embodiment. Three shearing hydraulic cylinders 13 which are uniformly arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction are arranged between the reaction seat and the inner wall 15 of the shear box, one end of each shearing hydraulic cylinder 13 is hinged with the reaction seat through a first hinge structure, the other end of each shearing hydraulic cylinder is hinged with the inner wall of the shear box through a second hinge structure, the axes of the first hinge structure and the second hinge structure extend along the vertical direction, each second hinge structure comprises a hinge shaft 16 and a hinge shaft connecting plate 18 which is connected with the hinge shaft through a hinge hole, the inner wall of the shear box is fixedly provided with hinge shaft connecting lug plates 17 which are arranged at intervals up and down, the hinge shaft 16 is fixedly (or rotatably assembled) on the hinge shaft connecting lug plates, the hinge shaft connecting plates 18 are fixed on the piston rods of the shearing hydraulic cylinders 13, the distance between the two hinge shaft connecting lug plates 17 is larger than the thickness of the hinge shaft connecting plates 18, so that the hinge shaft connecting plates can move up and down relative to the hinge shaft, when the vertical loading cylinder is used for vertically loading the rubber support, the vertical force can not be transmitted to the shearing hydraulic cylinder, on one hand, the accuracy of the vertical loading force output to the rubber support is guaranteed, and in addition, the vertical loading force can be prevented from damaging the shearing hydraulic cylinder. The first hinge structure comprises an ear plate fixed on the counter-force seat, a vertical hinge shaft 22 is arranged on the ear plate, and a connecting plate 21 rotationally connected with the vertical hinge shaft is fixed on the cylinder body of the shearing hydraulic cylinder.
In the embodiment, the four vertical loading cylinders 23 are distributed in a rhombic shape, the maximum loading force of the front vertical loading cylinder and the rear vertical loading cylinder is 2000T, the maximum loading force of the left vertical loading cylinder and the right vertical loading cylinder is 1000T, the piston rods of the vertical loading cylinders are connected with the loading plate 27 through the quick locking device 28, the quick locking device can realize quick connection and disconnection of the corresponding piston rods and the loading plate, and when the vertical loading mechanism is required to output 6000T vertical loading force, the four vertical loading cylinders work simultaneously; when the vertical loading mechanism is required to output 2000T vertical loading force, the connection between the front vertical loading cylinder and the rear vertical loading cylinder and the loading plate is disconnected, and only the left vertical loading cylinder and the right vertical loading cylinder are required to work; when the vertical loading mechanism is required to output 4000T vertical loading force, the connection between the left vertical loading cylinder and the right vertical loading cylinder and the loading plate is disconnected, and only the front vertical loading cylinder and the rear vertical loading cylinder are required to work, so that multi-tonnage loading operation can be realized.
The quick locking device 28 comprises a device seat of a box-shaped structure with an annular structure, the device seat is fixed on the lower plate surface of the loading plate 27, the device seat comprises an upper box plate 50, a lower box plate 52, an inner ring 40 and an outer ring 39, the inner ring 40 and the outer ring 39 are fixed between the upper box plate 50 and the lower box plate 52, three guide grooves 42 extending along the radial direction of the inner ring are distributed on the inner ring along the circumferential direction, the width of each guide groove 42 is gradually reduced from outside to inside, locking blocks 41 are guided and moved in each guide groove and assembled, each locking block 41 is of a trapezoidal structure, the width of each locking block is gradually changed from outside to inside, and the guide grooves and the locking blocks are matched to limit the maximum moving range of the. A locking block locking spring 43 is arranged between the outer ring and the corresponding locking block, a transmission pin shaft 44 is fixed on the lower side of the locking block 41, a guide long hole 51 which extends along the radial direction of the outer ring and is used for being matched with the transmission pin shaft 44 in a guide and movable manner along the radial direction is formed in the lower box plate 52, an unlocking hydraulic cylinder 53 is arranged on the lower side of the lower box plate, and a piston rod of the unlocking hydraulic cylinder 53 is connected with the transmission pin shaft. When the vertical loading cylinder is normally used, the unlocking hydraulic cylinder discharges force, the locking block 41 moves towards the inner side of the inner ring 40 and extends out of the inner side of the inner ring under the action of the locking block locking spring 43, the upper end of the piston rod of the vertical loading cylinder is provided with a locking turned edge 54, the top of the locking turned edge 54 is used for directly abutting against the loading plate 27, and when the locking block extends out of the inner side of the inner ring, the locking block can be clamped at the lower side of the locking turned edge to realize the connection of the vertical loading cylinder and the loading plate. The upper end of the inner side of the locking block is provided with a locking block chamfering structure 55, a piston rod chamfering matched with the locking block chamfering structure is arranged between the locking turning edge and the piston rod of the vertical loading cylinder, and the piston rod chamfering can facilitate the locking block to move to the lower side of the piston rod. When the piston rod of the vertical loading cylinder is required to be separated from the loading plate, the unlocking hydraulic cylinder acts, the unlocking block is driven to retract through the transmission pin shaft, and the piston rod of the vertical loading cylinder can retract to complete separation from the loading plate.
The crossbeam height adjusting mechanism comprises locking teeth 4 which are arranged on the opposite sides of a left upright post and a right upright post and used for climbing a crossbeam, the crossbeam height adjusting mechanism also comprises an upper holding clamp 3 and a lower holding clamp 6, the lower holding clamp 6 comprises a lower holding clamp support 37 which is assembled on the corresponding upright post in a guiding and moving way along the up-down direction, a holding clamp guide hole 38 which is matched with the upright post in a guiding and moving way is arranged on the lower holding clamp support, a lower holding clamp locking block 8 which is matched with the locking teeth is assembled on the lower holding clamp support in a guiding and moving way along the left-right direction, lower holding clamp guide rods 34 of which the axes extend along the left-right direction are fixed at the upper end and the lower end of each lower holding clamp locking block, guide rod guide holes which are matched with the lower holding clamp guide rods in a guiding way and moving way to guide the lower holding clamp locking block are arranged on the lower holding clamp support, a lower holding clamp spring 35 which applies acting force towards the corresponding locking, the lower clamping locking spring sleeves are arranged on the corresponding lower clamping guiding rods 34, and the lower clamping locking support is further provided with a lower clamping locking hydraulic cylinder 36 which is horizontally arranged and is in transmission connection with the lower clamping locking block so as to output left and right acting forces to the lower clamping locking block. The crossbeam is along upper and lower direction removal assembly on the stand, goes up to embrace and blocks 3 including being fixed in last armful card support 33 on the crossbeam, goes up to embrace to block to move along left right direction on the support 33 and is equipped with and be used for with lock tooth complex to embrace the card locking piece 1, go up to embrace to block to be provided with between the card support and the last armful card locking piece and to embrace the card locking piece and apply the last armful card locking spring 31 that corresponds lock tooth direction effort towards, go up to embrace to block to be provided with on the card support that the level is arranged and to embrace the transmission of card locking piece and link to each other in order to upwards embrace the last armful card hydraulic cylinder. And a jacking hydraulic cylinder 5 which is vertically arranged is arranged between the lower holding support and the upper holding support (or between the cross beams). Item 32 in fig. 2 shows an upper lock guide bar fixed to the upper lock block and guided in sliding engagement with an upper lock support 33. In this embodiment, the upper holding locking block and the lower holding locking block are both a toothed plate structure with a plurality of teeth and arranged vertically.
The specific working process of the beam height adjusting mechanism is as follows: when not needing to test, the crossbeam does not receive the vertical effort of rubber support this moment, and jacking pneumatic cylinder 5, go up embrace the card pneumatic cylinder 2 and embrace the card pneumatic cylinder 7 all not work down, and under the effect of last armful card locking spring 31, go up to embrace card locking piece 1 and lock tooth 4 and lock, realize fixed to crossbeam 12 high position, under the effect of embracing card locking spring 35 down, embrace card locking piece 8 and lock tooth 4 and lock down, realize embracing 6 high positions's of card fixed down. When the position of the cross beam needs to be adjusted, the lower holding hydraulic cylinder 36 applies acting force towards the corresponding locking tooth 4 to the lower holding locking block 8, the lower holding locking block is locked with the locking tooth under the action of the lower holding hydraulic cylinder, the upper holding hydraulic cylinder 2 applies acting force towards the direction far away from the corresponding locking tooth to the upper holding locking block, the upper holding locking block is separated from the locking tooth, the jacking hydraulic cylinder 5 jacks the upper holding support upwards, the cross beam 12 can move upwards for adjustment, then the upper holding hydraulic cylinder applies acting force towards the direction of the corresponding locking tooth to the upper holding locking block, and the position of the cross beam is fixed by locking the locking block and the locking tooth; the lower clamping hydraulic cylinder clamps the clamp downwards and applies an acting force towards the direction far away from the corresponding locking teeth, the lower clamping locking block is separated from the locking teeth, the jacking hydraulic cylinder retracts, the lower clamping locking block can be driven to walk upwards, and the height of the cross beam can be adjusted in one step in a circulating mode. When a compression shear test is required, the upper clamping block is locked with the locking teeth under the action of the upper clamping hydraulic cylinder, so that a larger vertical acting force can be borne.
When the device is used, the two rubber supports are respectively arranged between the shear box and the loading plate and between the shear box and the cross beam, each vertical loading cylinder of the vertical loading mechanism is used for applying vertical loading force to the two rubber supports through the loading plate, and each shearing hydraulic cylinder is matched to apply horizontal shearing force in any direction to the rubber supports through the shearing box, so that a compression-shear test on the rubber supports is completed; the corresponding vertical loading cylinder can be quickly connected and separated from the loading plate through the quick locking device; the selection of different vertical loading cylinders can realize the loading requirements of different tonnages; the adjustment of the height of the cross beam is simple and convenient, and the whole compression-shear testing machine is compact in structure and small in occupied size. In other embodiments of the invention: the hinge shaft of the second hinge structure can also be arranged on the shearing hydraulic cylinder, and the hinge shaft connecting plate of the second hinge structure can also be arranged on the shearing box.
Example 2 of the hydraulic compression shear test machine is shown in fig. 7: the difference between the embodiment 2 and the embodiment 1 is that the reaction seat 24 is a cylindrical structure with the top fixed on the cross beam 12, the upper box plate of the shear box 11 is provided with a reaction seat through hole 20 for the lower end of the reaction seat to pass through, the middle of the lower box plate of the shear box 11 forms a rubber support placing space between the middle of the loading plate, the compression and shear testing machine only performs compression and shear tests on one rubber support 10 at a time, and the rubber support 10 can be placed between the middle of the shear box 11 and the loading plate 27. Item 9 in the figure represents a column; item 25 represents a dock; item 23 represents a vertical loading cylinder; item 28 represents a quick locking device.
Example 3 of the hydraulic compression shear test machine is shown in fig. 8: embodiment 3 is different from embodiment 1 in that the vertical loading cylinder 23 is fixed to the cross beam 12, the loading plate 27 is fixed to the bottom of the piston rod of the vertical loading cylinder, and a rubber bearing placing space of the rubber bearing 10 is formed between the upper box plate of the shear box 11 and the middle part of the loading plate. Item 9 in the figure represents a column; item 20 represents a reaction socket penetration; item 25 represents a dock; item 28 represents a quick locking device.

Claims (6)

1. The utility model provides a hydraulic pressure shear test machine, is provided with the stand including the base that is provided with vertical loading mechanism on the base, and it is equipped with crossbeam, its characterized in that to follow upper and lower direction guide movement on the stand: the upright post is provided with locking teeth distributed along the up-down direction, the cross beam is provided with an upper holding clamp, the upright post is provided with a lower holding clamp at the lower side of the cross beam, the lower holding clamp comprises a lower holding clamp support assembled on the corresponding upright post in a guiding and moving manner along the up-down direction, a lower holding clamp hydraulic cylinder is arranged on the lower holding clamp support, and a lower holding clamp locking block which can be locked and separated with the corresponding locking teeth is connected to a piston rod of the lower holding clamp hydraulic cylinder in a transmission manner; the upper holding clamp comprises an upper holding clamp support, an upper holding clamp hydraulic cylinder is arranged on the upper holding clamp support, a piston rod of the upper holding clamp hydraulic cylinder is in transmission connection with an upper holding clamp block which can be separated from a corresponding lock tooth locking box, a jacking hydraulic cylinder is arranged between the lower holding clamp support and the upper holding clamp support, the vertical loading mechanism comprises four vertical loading cylinders which are vertically arranged on a base, a loading plate is arranged at the top of a piston rod of each vertical loading cylinder, the piston rod of each vertical loading cylinder is connected with the loading plate through a quick locking device, each quick locking device comprises a device seat of a box-shaped structure of an annular structure, the device seat is fixed on the lower plate surface of the loading plate, the device seat comprises an upper box plate, a lower box plate, an inner ring and an outer ring which are fixed between the upper box plate and the lower box plate, three guide grooves which radially extend along the inner ring are distributed on the inner ring along the, equal guide movement is equipped with the latch segment in each guide way, the latch segment is the trapezium structure that the width narrows from outside to inside gradually, be provided with latch segment locking spring between outer lane and the corresponding latch segment, the downside of latch segment is fixed with the transmission pin axle, set up on the lower box board along the radial extension of outer lane be used for with the transmission pin axle in the radial direction move complex direction slot hole, the unblock pneumatic cylinder is installed to the downside of lower box board, the piston rod of unblock pneumatic cylinder links to each other with the transmission pin axle, the piston rod upper end of vertical loading cylinder is provided with the locking and turns over the edge, the top that the locking turned over the edge is used for directly pushing up on the loading plate, when the latch segment stretches out by the inner circle.
2. The hydraulic compression shear test machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the upper clamping locking block and the lower clamping locking block are vertically arranged locking block structures with at least two teeth.
3. The hydraulic compression shear test machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the upper clamping locking block is assembled on the upper clamping support in a guiding and moving mode along the horizontal direction, and an upper clamping locking spring which exerts acting force towards the direction of the corresponding locking tooth on the upper clamping locking block is arranged between the upper clamping support and the upper clamping locking block.
4. The hydraulic compression shear test machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: an upper clamping guide rod which realizes the guide and moving matching of the upper clamping lock block and the upper clamping support is fixed on the upper clamping lock block, and the upper clamping lock is tightly sleeved on the upper clamping guide rod.
5. The hydraulic compression shear test machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the lower holding locking block is assembled on the lower holding support in a guiding and moving mode along the horizontal direction, and a lower holding locking spring which applies acting force towards the direction of the corresponding locking tooth to the lower holding locking block is arranged between the lower holding support and the lower holding locking block.
6. The hydraulic compression shear test machine according to claim 5, wherein: the lower holding and clamping lock block is fixedly provided with a lower holding and clamping guide rod which realizes the guide and movement matching of the lower holding and clamping support, and the lower holding and clamping lock is tightly sleeved on the lower holding and clamping guide rod.
CN201910266973.2A 2019-04-03 2019-04-03 Hydraulic pressure shearing test machine Active CN109870369B (en)

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