CN209678936U - Integral type premature's body position aid tool - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to medical auxiliary apparatus technical fields, specifically disclose a kind of integral type premature body position aid tool.The premature that the utility model can be used for during Neonatal Ward or newborn intensive care unit are hospitalized, provides suitable tools for the Position intervention of clinical nursing staff；The intension of premature's developmental care is expanded.Premature uses during the utility model is especially suitable for being hospitalized, the component construction of integral type, is conducive to the support that premature maintains similar physiological buckling and movement in utero；Avoid apnea caused by bad position, reduce intracranial hemorrhage, the generation of the risks such as gastroesophageal reflux；To promote self-coordination and neurodevelopment after its life.

Description

All-in-one positioning aid for premature infants

technical field

The utility model relates to the technical field of medical auxiliary equipment, in particular to an integrated body position auxiliary equipment for premature infants.

Background technique

With the rapid development of perinatal and neonatal medical care, the survival rate of premature infants has been significantly improved; the accompanying problems of growth and development and quality of life of premature infants have also attracted more and more attention from the medical and educational circles . The results of a longitudinal study showed that only 25% of premature infants at the age of 5 showed the level of neuromotor development of normal 5-year-old children; even premature infants without brain damage still have mental retardation. Social life ability lags behind full-term infants. The theory of developmental care for premature infants points out that after birth, the back and limbs of premature infants often present a straight, stiff, and stretched posture without postural assistance; When the development of motor skills is delayed, it will also hinder the development of oral feeding ability, and even cause long-term neurodevelopmental obstacles. Poor posture of premature infants after birth can lead to apnea, hypoxia in the brain and various tissues and organs, gastroesophageal reflux and other short-term physiological state changes and long-term neurodevelopmental delays. Based on the concept of developmental care for premature infants, relevant postural support products for premature infants continue to emerge. However, there are quite few types of commercially available postural aids for premature infants during hospitalization in China. Most NICUs still use nurses to fold quilts by themselves, and rarely use commercially available postural aids during hospitalization. In European and American countries, postural aids are relatively popular, but they also have technical limitations. Our research group applied for the relevant Chinese patent 2016210479483 in September 2016. This patent discloses a positional aid for premature infants, including a base, side wings, light-shielding parts, fixing parts and lower limb fixing bags. The base is provided with grooves and base edges. , the side wings are installed on the edge of the base, the shading part is installed on the top of the base, the lower body fixing bag is installed on the bottom of the base, and the fixing part is located in the groove of the base, near the top of the base. The premature baby can be placed in the groove of the base, and the head of the premature baby can be fixed by the fixing parts to avoid intracranial hemorrhage caused by excessive head movement and suffocation caused by poor posture; the legs of the premature baby can be placed in the lower limb fixing bag In the middle, the premature baby presents a posture of holding legs and bending; the shading part can block the light of the premature baby, and avoid the damage to the eyes caused by direct light; the side wings can fix the upper and lower limbs, and use light cotton The material ensures the transmission of blue light and ensures that premature babies can receive better phototherapy.

The current postural intervention devices have the following defects: 1. None of the postural aids currently available on the market can act simultaneously with light therapy. Studies have confirmed that more than 80% of premature infants will face "jaundice" after birth, especially those with ultra-low and extreme Low birth weight infants, once diagnosed with hyperbilirubinemia, must receive long-term light therapy. Receive light therapy for at least 8 hours a day during phototherapy. For such children, when performing double-sided light therapy or using a phototherapy blanket for treatment, the postural intervention device must be removed; therefore, there is currently no postural intervention device combined with phototherapy. 2. Limitations of the design of the "roll-shaped bird's nest border": most of the boundary materials of body position appliances in clinical use at present are the roll-shaped bird's nest borders formed by coatings or built-in curved foam bumpers, and such borders are all hard and solid Material; although it can help the child's limbs to show a state of central flexion in a quiet state, it cannot leave sufficient abduction space for the child's lower limbs, and there is no corresponding reaction force for the child's abducted limbs, which cannot promote His lower extremity rebounded into buckling. Three, still do not have a kind of utensil to have adjustable head raising design on the base. After birth, the cardia of premature infants is relatively loose and horizontal, so gastroesophageal reflux is prone to occur after feeding. At this time, improper posture can easily lead to aspiration. There is still no postural aid in the commercially available products that has the functional design of raising the head and upper body for premature infants. 4. At present, the products on the market provide products of different sizes according to the weight of premature infants in kilograms. After birth to 3 months is the period of their fastest growth and development. Preterm infants during hospitalization need to be replaced every 3-4 weeks on average. Positioning equipment to ensure the appropriate size of the positioning equipment. 5. Premature infants have less brown fat in their bodies, so it is difficult to maintain the stability of their own body temperature; currently there is no body position aid with continuous body temperature monitoring function.

Contents of the invention

The utility model designs an "integrated body position aid for premature infants" that can be used under special treatment conditions during hospitalization, and can help the use of premature infants at different growth stages during hospitalization and discharge follow-up. The utility model can help premature infants maintain similar intrauterine physiological flexion, which is beneficial to their posture and movement support; further avoids apnea caused by bad posture, and reduces the occurrence of risks such as intracranial hemorrhage and gastroesophageal reflux; Promote self-coordination and neurodevelopment after birth.

An all-in-one position aid for premature infants, the position aid for premature infants includes a base (1), a head support fence (2), and a built-in liner (3); the head support fence (2) includes a base plate ( 4) and the side-wing fence (5), the side-wing fence (5) is a semicircular fence structure, the side-wing fence (5) and the base plate (4) form a turning space (6), and the side-wing fence (5) is provided with a first socket (7), the second socket (8) and the third socket (9), are provided with sliding track (10) on the inner surface of side fence (5); Described base (1) is made of head base (11) and afterbody The base (12) is composed of the head base (11) which is arranged in the rotating space (6). One end of the head base (11) is hinged to the side of the head support fence (2), and the other end is a free end which can be rotated around the hinge shaft. Rotate freely; Described preterm baby position aid also comprises plug-in unit (13), and the shape size of plug-in unit (13) is just identical with first socket (7), second socket (8) and the 3rd socket (9), and plug-in unit ( 13) It can be inserted into the socket and stuck on the lower surface of the head base (11), the tail base (12) includes a tail (14) and a telescopic part (15), and the telescopic part (15) can be inserted into the sliding track (10) inside, and can slide back and forth along the sliding track (10); the head of the base (1) is provided with a light-shielding component (16) and a head boundary (17); Fixing belt (18); the afterbody of described base (1) is provided with foot boundary (19), and the surface layer of foot boundary is pure cotton layer, and bottom layer is plastic board layer, is provided with between plastic board layer and pure cotton layer. Elastic air bag (20) interlayer; described built-in pad (3) comprises head pad (31) and tail pad (32), and head pad (31) and tail pad (32) can be combined into oval Ring gasket.

In the above-mentioned integrated premature baby position aid, as a preferred solution, when the plug-in (13) is inserted into the first socket (7), the angle at which the head base (11) is raised is 30°; when the plug-in (13) ) into the second socket (8), the angle at which the head base (11) is raised is 45°; when the insert (13) is inserted into the third socket (9), the head base (11) is raised The angle is 60°.

In the above-mentioned one-piece position aid for premature infants, as a preferred solution, the base (1) is concave like a bird's nest, 36-46 cm long, 22 cm wide, the surface layer is made of pure cotton, and the lower layer of the inner filler is a hard board , the upper layer is washed cotton.

In the above-mentioned integrated body position assisting device for premature infants, as a preferred solution, a memory foam pad is also included, and the memory foam pad is a square cotton pad with a length of 13-17 cm and a width of 5-10 cm.

In the above-mentioned integrated body position assisting device for premature infants, as a preferred solution, the base (2) is provided with a thermometer probe.

The utility model designs an "integrated postural auxiliary device for premature infants" that can meet the needs of special treatment during hospitalization. Its advantages are as follows: (1) A structured base with a border similar to a bird's nest. The border of the bird's nest includes the "head-tail joint border", and the tail adopts a new rebound-type lower limb border material to assist premature infants in the state of central buckling. Postural intervention in the central flexion position of premature infants in a quiet state; (2) There are two built-in pads of different sizes, which can match the body weight of less than 1000g, 1000-1500g, 1500g-2000g, and more than 2000g It is used for premature infants with different weight ranges; (3) the tail base includes a tail and a telescopic part, the telescopic part can be inserted into the sliding track, and can slide back and forth along the sliding track; The maximum length of the appliance can reach 46cm, and the length can be adjusted by 10cm through stretching; the overall length of the auxiliary appliance can be adjusted according to the weight of different kilograms of premature infants to meet the use of premature infants at different growth stages; (4) radial cotton is installed on both sides of the base. Fixing belt: one is used to fix the upper limbs, and the other is used to fix the lower limbs; the cotton fixing belt is made of cotton material that can transmit blue light, which can meet the light transmittance of more than 80%; (5) the head base The setting is adjustable, which can easily adjust the elevation angle of the head side; (6) There is a temperature probe on the base, which can be used to continuously monitor the body temperature of premature infants; (7) A memory foam pad is placed on the base to reduce Cranial hemorrhage and head deformation caused by shaking the head; (8) A semicircular shading plate is installed on the base to protect the eyes from direct light; (8) An additional body support component is provided for prone position, side The head and shoulders are fixed in the lying position to reduce suffocation caused by poor posture of premature infants. The auxiliary device of the utility model is suitable for low-birth-weight premature infants during hospitalization and discharge follow-up.

Description of drawings

Accompanying drawing 1 is the plan view of the all-in-one position assisting device for premature infants of the present utility model.

Accompanying drawing 2 is the side structure schematic diagram of the all-in-one position assisting device for premature infants of the present utility model.

Accompanying drawing 3 is the schematic diagram when the raising angle of head base is 30°.

Accompanying drawing 4 is the schematic diagram when the raising angle of head base is 45 °.

Accompanying drawing 5 is the schematic diagram when the raising angle of head base is 60°.

Accompanying drawing 6 is the schematic diagram when tail is pulled out 5cm.

Accompanying drawing 7 is the structural representation of head support fence.

Accompanying drawing 8 is the structure diagram of built-in liner.

Accompanying drawing 9 is the front schematic diagram of foot boundary.

Detailed ways

Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, further elaborate the utility model. It should be understood that these embodiments are only used to illustrate the present utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of the present utility model. In addition, it should be understood that after reading the contents of the utility model, those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications to the utility model, and these equivalent forms also fall within the scope defined by the appended claims of the application.

The reference signs and components involved in the accompanying drawings are as follows:

1. Base 2. Head support rail 3. Built-in padding

4. Bottom plate 5. Side fence 6. Turning space

7. The first socket 8. The second socket 9. The third socket

10. Slide track 11. Head base 12. Tail base

13. Insert 14. Tail 15. Retractable part

16. Shading part 17. Head border 18. Fixing strap

19. Foot Boundary 20. Elastic Airbag 31. Head Pad

32. Tail pad

Embodiment 1 One-piece position assisting device for premature infants

Please refer to Fig. 1-Fig. 9, accompanying drawing 1 is the plan view of the all-in-one preterm infant position aid of the present utility model, accompanying drawing 2 is the side structure schematic diagram of the all-in-one premature infant position assist instrument of the present utility model, accompanying drawing 3 is The schematic diagram when the elevation angle of the head base is 30°, the accompanying drawing 4 is the schematic diagram when the elevation angle of the head base is 45°, the accompanying drawing 5 is the schematic diagram when the elevation angle of the head base is 60°, the accompanying drawing 6 It is a schematic diagram when the tail is pulled out by 5cm. Accompanying drawing 7 is a structural schematic diagram of a head support fence, accompanying drawing 8 is a structural schematic diagram of a built-in liner, and accompanying drawing 9 is a front schematic diagram of a foot boundary.

An integrated position aid for premature infants. The position aid for premature infants includes a base 1, a head support fence 2, and a built-in liner 3. The base 1 is concave like a bird's nest, and the upper surface of the base 1 is provided with Nest-shaped base edges with grooves formed between the base edges. The head support fence 2 includes a base plate 4 and a side fence 5, the side fence 5 is a semicircular or arc fence structure, the side fence 5 and the base plate 4 form a turning space 6, and the side fence 5 is provided with a first socket 7 , the second socket 8 and the third socket 9, the inner surface of the side fence 5 is provided with a sliding track 10. Described base 1 is made up of head base 11 and tail base 12 two parts, and head base 11 is arranged in the turning space 6, and one end of head base 11 is hinged with head support fence 2 side, and the other end is free end, can Rotates freely about the hinge axis. The position aid for premature infants also includes a plug-in 13, the shape and size of the plug-in 13 are exactly the same as the first socket 7, the second socket 8 and the third socket 9, and the plug-in 13 can be inserted into the socket and stuck under the head base 11. On the surface, when the inserter 13 is inserted into the first socket 7, the angle at which the head base 11 is raised is 30° (Fig. 3); when the inserter 13 is inserted in the second socket 8, the angle at which the head base 11 is raised is 45° (Fig. 4); when the inserter 13 is inserted in the third socket 9, the angle at which the head base 11 is raised is 60° (Fig. 5). The tail base 12 includes a tail portion 14 and a telescopic portion 15 , the telescopic portion 15 can be inserted into the sliding track 10 and can slide forward and backward along the sliding track 10 .

The head of the base 1 is provided with a light-shielding component 16 and a head boundary 17; the light-shielding component 16 is preferably a semicircle with a radius of 13 cm, and is made of cotton cloth wrapped with memory foam; the head boundary 17 is used to treat premature infants The head is supported, and the shape of the head boundary 17 has no special requirements. Both sides of the middle part of the base 1 are respectively provided with fixing belts 18, which are made of cotton material that can pass through blue light in the prior art, preferably cotton materials with a light transmittance of more than 80%, and the size of the fixing belt is Preferably: length 25-30cm, width 5-10cm. The tail of the base 1 is provided with a foot boundary 19, which is fixed at the tail end of the base 1, and the foot boundary 19 is bent upward along the tail edge of the base 1, preferably the foot boundary 19 is a semicircle or arc-shaped, and the end of the foot boundary 19 is folded up at 15-80 degrees with the base, preferably the foot boundary is 13-17cm wide and 20-25cm high; the foot boundary surface is a pure cotton layer, and the bottom layer is The plastic sheet layer is provided with an elastic airbag 20 interlayer between the plastic sheet layer and the pure cotton layer. The thickness of the elastic airbag is preferably 1-5 cm, and the inflated elastic airbag has a certain resilience after being stressed. As a preferred solution of this embodiment, it also includes a body position support component (not shown in the figure), and the body position support component is in the shape of an arc strip, which is 25-40cm long and 5-15cm wide; the body position support component can be used for Supports different postural positions for premature infants. As a preferred solution of this embodiment, it also includes a memory cotton pad (not shown in the figure), which is a square cotton pad with a length of 13-17cm and a width of 5-10cm; Intracranial hemorrhage caused by head shaking can effectively promote the maturation of sleep-wake cycle in premature infants. As a preferred solution of this embodiment, the base is also provided with a thermometer probe (not shown), the thermometer probe can be an existing mercury thermometer, and the temperature probe can be used to continuously monitor the body temperature of premature infants at home.

Described built-in pad 3 comprises head pad 31 and tail pad 32, and head pad 31 is placed in the groove of head base 11, and tail pad 32 is placed in the groove of tail base 12, and head The pad 31 and the tail pad 32 can be combined into an oval ring pad. The built-in liner 3 can be set into a plurality of specifications of different sizes, so as to be used by premature infants in different growth stages. Preferably, the built-in liner 3 has the following two specifications: 1. The length of the inner ring is 40 cm, the width is 18 cm, and the thickness of both sides is 2 cm. This specification is suitable for premature infants weighing 1500 g; 2. The length of the inner ring is 36 cm. , with a width of 16cm and a thickness of 3cm on both sides, this specification is suitable for premature infants weighing 1000g.

The position aid for premature infants of the present utility model adopts a structured base with a border similar to a bird's nest. Depending on the placement position, the head base can be raised to different heights. When the plug-in is inserted into the first socket, the angle of raising the head base is 30°; when the plug-in is inserted into the second socket, the angle of raising the head base is 45°; when the plug-in is inserted into the third socket , so that the angle of elevation of the head base is 60°. The above-mentioned structural design can ensure the rise, fall and fixation of the head side, which is helpful for premature infants to meet different body elevation requirements after feeding and under mechanical ventilation, and avoid gastroesophageal reflux prone to occur after feeding.

In the utility model, the tail base includes a tail and a telescopic part, and the telescopic part can be inserted into the sliding track, and can slide forward and backward along the sliding track. The length of the telescopic part that can be inserted into the sliding track is 10 cm. The telescopic part is divided into 2 insertion positions, and each insertion position is 5 cm. When the tail is pulled out by one position, the length of the entire auxiliary device can be increased by 5 cm (Figure 6). When two gears are pulled out, the length of the entire auxiliary device can be increased by 10cm, and the length of the entire auxiliary device can reach 46cm, and the length of the entire auxiliary device can be adjusted by 10cm.

Studies have confirmed that more than 80% of premature infants will face "jaundice" after birth, especially ultra-low and extremely low birth weight infants. Once premature infants are diagnosed with hyperbilirubinemia, they must receive long-term light therapy , Receive light for at least 8 hours a day during phototherapy. For such children, since the previous postural intervention devices were not made of light-transmitting materials, clinical medical staff must remove the postural intervention devices during conventional phototherapy. The position aid for premature infants of the utility model adopts light-transmitting materials with a light transmittance of more than 80%, which can enable premature infants to simultaneously perform phototherapy treatment in the process of realizing postural intervention; at the same time, clinical medical staff can According to the disease status of the infant, during the phototherapy treatment, the angle of the shading plate should be adjusted to avoid direct light on the eyes of the premature infant.

At present, most of the boundary materials of body position appliances in clinical use are coated or built-in curved foam bumpers forming a roll-shaped bird’s nest boundary. These boundaries are all hard and solid materials; although they can help children with central flexion of their limbs in a quiet state However, it is impossible to leave sufficient abduction space for the lower limbs of the child, and there is no corresponding reaction force for the abducted limbs of the child, and it is impossible to promote the rebound and flexion of the lower limbs. The utility model creatively adopts rebound-type lower limb boundary material to assist the body position intervention of the central flexion position of premature infants in a moving state; it can also increase the interior of the tail boundary with a fan-shaped encircling bag design to assist the central flexion of premature infants in a quiet state positional intervention.

A memory cotton pad is placed on the head of the base of the utility model to reduce head bleeding and deformation of the head caused by shaking of the head, and an additional body position support part is used for the head and shoulders in the prone position and side lying position Fixed to reduce suffocation caused by bad posture of premature babies; there is a thermometer probe on the base, which can be used to monitor the body temperature of premature babies in real time, and can be detected in time when something happens to premature babies.

Example 2 Research on the influence of the premature infant auxiliary device of the present utility model on the early behavioral development of premature infants

1 Study Standard

1.1 Source of cases

Premature infants admitted to the NICU of Shanghai Children's Medical Center from September 2017 to September 18 were selected.

1.2 Inclusion criteria

1) Gestational age at birth <34 weeks of gestation;

2) Guardians agree to participate.

1.3 Exclusion criteria

1) Diagnosed with congenital malformations (such as complex congenital heart disease, complex gastrointestinal malformations, diaphragmatic hernia, etc.) upon admission;

2) Congenital malformations of the nervous system, hyperbilirubin encephalopathy, central nervous system infection;

3) Severe neurological diseases such as brain injury (including third degree and above intracranial hemorrhage);

4) Surgery is required during the study period.

2 research proposal

2.1 Grouping method

A total of 60 cases were included, divided into 30 cases in the experimental group and 30 cases in the control group.

2.2 Intervention methods

The two groups were treated and nursed according to the routine treatment and nursing of premature infants. On this basis, they were intervened with different posture aids until they were discharged from the hospital. The positions were changed every 3 hours. If there was any treatment or nursing, they needed to be replaced at any time. During the intervention process, if premature infants In the case of adverse physiological effects (such as aggravation of the disease, delay in treatment) caused by this study, the intervention will be terminated.

Intervention method of the experimental group: use the auxiliary device described in Example 1 for intervention.

The intervention method of the control group: all the foot borders of the assistive device described in Example 1 were made of cotton material, and the structure of other components was the same as that of Example 1.

2.3 Evaluation method

Body position monitoring was carried out at 34 and 36 weeks of corrected gestational age. Body position monitoring refers to recording the physiological flexion and stiff abduction of the thighs of the two groups of premature infants through video cameras; Daily body position monitoring, each continuous monitoring 12h.

2.4 Statistical methods

Application of SPSS17.0 software for statistical analysis. The data of the measurement data conforming to the normal distribution are presented as mean ± standard deviation (x±s), otherwise the maximum value (Max), minimum value (Min), and median (M) are used. T-test or non-parametric rank sum test was used for measurement data, and ^x2 test was used for count data. P≤0.05 was defined as a statistically significant difference.

3 Research results

3.1 General data analysis

A total of 60 premature infants were included in this study, of which 2 cases were lost to follow-up. Therefore, a total of 58 premature infants completed the study, including 30 cases in the experimental group and 28 cases in the control group. According to statistics, there was no statistically significant difference in the general data of the two groups (P>0.05).

Table 1 General Statistics

3.2 Corrected gestational age of 34 weeks and 36 weeks is a comparison of the length of physiological flexion and thigh stiffness abduction

Table 2 Comparison of physiological flexion and thigh stiffness abduction time at 34 weeks and 36 weeks after corrected gestational age

The results show that compared with the auxiliary device using pure cotton material for the foot boundary, the auxiliary device of the utility model can more effectively help premature infants maintain physiological flexion, reduce the time of stiff thigh abduction (P<0.01), and avoid hip The occurrence of joint dislocation and other situations is more conducive to the early growth and development of premature infants.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the utility model, it should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the utility model, some improvements and supplements can also be made, and these improvements and supplements are also It should be regarded as the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims (5)

1. a kind of integral type premature body position aid tool, which is characterized in that premature's body position aid tool includes pedestal (1), head supports fence (2), built-in liner (3)；Head support fence (2) includes bottom plate (4) and flank fence (5), Flank fence (5) is semicircle Fence structure, and flank fence (5) and bottom plate (4) form rotation space (6), in flank fence (5) It is equipped with the first socket (7), the second socket (8) and third socket (9), is equipped with sliding rail in the inner surface of flank fence (5) (10)；The pedestal (1) is made of head base (11) and tail portion pedestal (12), and head base (11) is arranged in rotation space (6) in, one end of head base (11) and head support fence (2) are hinged at, and the other end is free end, can be around articulated shaft certainly By rotating；Premature's body position aid tool further includes plug-in unit (13), the shape size of plug-in unit (13) just with the first socket (7), the second socket (8) and third socket (9) are identical, and plug-in unit (13) can be inserted into socket and be stuck in the following table of head base (11) Face, the tail portion pedestal (12) they include tail portion (14) and pars contractilis (15), and pars contractilis (15) can be inserted into sliding rail (10), and It can be slid back and forth along sliding rail (10)；The head of the pedestal (1) is equipped with light-blocking member (16) and head boundary (17)；Institute It states pedestal (1) on both sides of the middle and is respectively equipped with fixing belt (18)；The tail portion of the pedestal (1) is equipped with foot boundary (19), foot side Boundary surface layer is pure cotton layer, and bottom is plastic plies, and elastic balloon (20) interlayer is equipped between plastic plies and pure cotton layer；It is described Built-in liner (3) includes head liner (31) and tail portion liner (32), and head liner (31) and tail portion liner (32) are combined into Elliptical perimeter liner.

2. integral type premature body position aid has according to claim 1, which is characterized in that when plug-in unit (13) are inserted into first When socket (7) is interior, 30 ° of the angle for raising head base (11)；When plug-in unit (13) insertion the second socket (8) is interior, make head The angle that portion's pedestal (11) is raised is 45 °；When plug-in unit (13) insertion third socket (9) is interior, raise head base (11) Angle is 60 °.

3. integral type premature body position aid has according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the similar bird of the pedestal (1) Nest is concave, long 36-46cm, wide 22cm, and surface layer is textile material, and inner stuffing lower layer is hard plate, and upper layer is washing cotton.

4. integral type premature body position aid has according to claim 1, which is characterized in that it further include memory cotton pad, institute Stating memory cotton pad is rectangular cotton pad, long 13-17cm, wide 5-10cm.

5. integral type premature body position aid has according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the pedestal (1) is equipped with Thermometer probe.