CN209524679U - 通过低温蒸馏来蒸馏空气的设备 - Google Patents

通过低温蒸馏来蒸馏空气的设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN209524679U
CN209524679U CN201821756409.6U CN201821756409U CN209524679U CN 209524679 U CN209524679 U CN 209524679U CN 201821756409 U CN201821756409 U CN 201821756409U CN 209524679 U CN209524679 U CN 209524679U
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tower
destilling
argon column
heat exchanger
supporting structure
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CN201821756409.6U
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P·卡瓦恩
R·库尔茨
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George Lode Methodology Research And Development Liquefied Air Co Ltd
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George Lode Methodology Research And Development Liquefied Air Co Ltd
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Priority to US16/655,977 priority patent/US10969167B2/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04406—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using a dual pressure main column system
    • F25J3/04412—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using a dual pressure main column system in a classical double column flowsheet, i.e. with thermal coupling by a main reboiler-condenser in the bottom of low pressure respectively top of high pressure column
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04006—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit
    • F25J3/04048—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit by compression of cold gaseous streams, e.g. intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste) streams
    • F25J3/04054—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit by compression of cold gaseous streams, e.g. intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste) streams of air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04006—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit
    • F25J3/04078—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit providing pressurized products by liquid compression and vaporisation with cold recovery, i.e. so-called internal compression
    • F25J3/04084—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit providing pressurized products by liquid compression and vaporisation with cold recovery, i.e. so-called internal compression of nitrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04151—Purification and (pre-)cooling of the feed air; recuperative heat-exchange with product streams
    • F25J3/04187—Cooling of the purified feed air by recuperative heat-exchange; Heat-exchange with product streams
    • F25J3/0423—Subcooling of liquid process streams
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
    • F25J3/04254—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using the cold stored in external cryogenic fluids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
    • F25J3/04284—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams
    • F25J3/0429—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams of feed air, e.g. used as waste or product air or expanded into an auxiliary column
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
    • F25J3/04284—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams
    • F25J3/0429—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams of feed air, e.g. used as waste or product air or expanded into an auxiliary column
    • F25J3/04303—Lachmann expansion, i.e. expanded into oxygen producing or low pressure column
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04406—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using a dual pressure main column system
    • F25J3/0443—A main column system not otherwise provided, e.g. a modified double column flowsheet
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
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    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04642—Recovering noble gases from air
    • F25J3/04648—Recovering noble gases from air argon
    • F25J3/04654—Producing crude argon in a crude argon column
    • F25J3/04666—Producing crude argon in a crude argon column as a parallel working rectification column of the low pressure column in a dual pressure main column system
    • F25J3/04672—Producing crude argon in a crude argon column as a parallel working rectification column of the low pressure column in a dual pressure main column system having a top condenser
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
    • F25J3/04769—Operation, control and regulation of the process; Instrumentation within the process
    • F25J3/04793—Rectification, e.g. columns; Reboiler-condenser
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
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    • F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
    • F25J3/04866—Construction and layout of air fractionation equipments, e.g. valves, machines
    • F25J3/04872—Vertical layout of cold equipments within in the cold box, e.g. columns, heat exchangers etc.
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    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
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    • F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
    • F25J3/04866—Construction and layout of air fractionation equipments, e.g. valves, machines
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    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
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    • F25J2215/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the product stream
    • F25J2215/42—Nitrogen or special cases, e.g. multiple or low purity N2
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    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2215/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the product stream
    • F25J2215/50—Oxygen or special cases, e.g. isotope-mixtures or low purity O2
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    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2215/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the product stream
    • F25J2215/58—Argon
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2245/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for recycling of process streams
    • F25J2245/50—Processes or apparatus involving steps for recycling of process streams the recycled stream being oxygen

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)

Abstract

本实用新型涉及一种通过低温蒸馏来蒸馏空气的设备，其包括：壳体；在第一压力下操作的第一蒸馏塔；在第二压力下操作的第二蒸馏塔，所述第二蒸馏塔位于第一蒸馏塔上方并与其一起形成双蒸馏塔；过冷却热交换器，其用于冷却来自在第二蒸馏塔上游的第一蒸馏塔的至少一种液体并用于加热来自第二蒸馏塔的气态氮气流；氩塔，其用于分离来自第二蒸馏塔的富含氩的流并用于生产富含氩的流，所述第一和第二蒸馏塔、所述氩塔和所述过冷却热交换器包含在壳体内，并且过冷却热交换器在第一蒸馏塔或氩塔的正下方位于支承结构内。

Description

通过低温蒸馏来蒸馏空气的设备
技术领域
本实用新型涉及一种通过低温蒸馏来蒸馏空气的设备。
背景技术
通常在双蒸馏塔中分离空气，所述双蒸馏塔包括在中压下操作的第一蒸馏塔和在低压下操作的第二蒸馏塔。将富含氧的液体从第一蒸馏塔送至第二蒸馏塔。将富含氮的液体从第一蒸馏塔送至第二蒸馏塔。这些液体中的一者或两者可以在称为过冷却器的热交换器中通过与来自低压塔的气态氮气流进行热交换来冷却。
第二蒸馏塔位于第一蒸馏塔上方并且通常形成被称为双蒸馏塔的一般结构或共同结构。
在需要分离氩气的情况下，提供氩塔，所述氩塔从低压塔的中间区域获取富含氩的气体。然后可以从氩塔的顶部除去纯氩气。
每个塔需要在包含绝缘材料(例如珍珠岩)的壳体中绝缘。
通常在过去，过冷却热交换器设置在与塔分开的独立壳体中，与对送入空气进行冷却的主热交换器一样包含在同一壳体中。这意味着必须在现场完成复杂的装配工作，以便将过冷却热交换器连接到塔上。这是昂贵且耗时的。
实用新型内容
根据本实用新型，提供了一种通过低温蒸馏来蒸馏空气的设备，其包括：壳体；在第一压力下操作的第一蒸馏塔；在第二压力下操作的第二蒸馏塔，所述第二蒸馏塔位于第一蒸馏塔上方并与其一起形成双蒸馏塔；过冷却热交换器，其用于冷却来自在第二蒸馏塔上游的第一蒸馏塔的至少一种液体并用于加热来自第二蒸馏塔的气态氮气流；氩塔，其用于分离来自第二蒸馏塔的富含氩的流并用于生产富含氩的流，所述第一和第二蒸馏塔、所述氩塔和所述过冷却热交换器包含在壳体内，并且过冷却热交换器在第一蒸馏塔或氩塔的正下方位于支承结构内。
该设备特别紧凑。
优选地：
·双蒸馏塔比氩塔短。
·氩塔比双蒸馏塔短。
·氩塔的基部与过冷却器的基部位于相同高度。
·该设备包括用于冷却空气以送入第一蒸馏塔的热交换器，所述热交换器位于壳体外侧。
·双蒸馏塔比氩塔短，过冷却热交换器位于第一蒸馏塔的正下方。
·第一蒸馏塔和第二蒸馏塔以及可能的过冷却热交换器由支承结构支承。
·第一氩塔和可能的过冷却热交换器由支承结构支承。
·氩塔的基部低于支承结构的顶部。
·支承结构、第一蒸馏塔和第二蒸馏塔的高度之和基本上等于氩塔和氩塔的支承结构的高度之和。
·双蒸馏塔比氩塔长，过冷却热交换器位于氩塔的正下方。
·氩塔的基部由支承结构支承。
·氩塔和支承结构的高度之和基本上等于双蒸馏塔和双蒸馏塔的支承结构的高度之和。
·该设备包括用于冷却空气以送入第一蒸馏塔的热交换器，所述热交换器位于壳体的外侧。
附图说明
将参考附图更详细地描述本实用新型。
其中：
图1示出了根据本实用新型的一个实施例的设备的示意图；以及
图2示出了根据本实用新型的另一实施例的设备的示意图。
具体实施方式
在图1中，该设备包括双蒸馏塔，其由在中压下操作的第一蒸馏塔2和在低压下操作的第二蒸馏塔4组成。将待蒸馏的空气送入第一蒸馏塔2。富含氧的液体从第一蒸馏塔2送至第二蒸馏塔4。将富含氮的液体从第一蒸馏塔2送至第二蒸馏塔4。这些液体中的一者或两者都可以通过与来自低压塔的气态氮气流进行热交换而在被称为过冷却器的过冷却热交换器12中冷却。
第二蒸馏塔4位于第一蒸馏塔2上方并共同形成称为双蒸馏塔的一般结构/共同结构，来自第一蒸馏塔的氮气在底部再沸器冷凝器3中冷凝，该底部再沸器冷凝器3为第二蒸馏塔提供再沸。
比双蒸馏塔高的氩塔6被设置为从低压的第二蒸馏塔4的中间区域获取富含氩的气体作为进料。然后可以从氩塔6的顶部除去纯氩气。将来自氩塔6的底部液体送回第二蒸馏塔4。
过冷却热交换器12在第一蒸馏塔2的正下方位于支承结构14内，该支承结构14保持双蒸馏塔(由第一和第二蒸馏塔组成)。以这种方式，支承结构14内的过冷却热交换器12和双蒸馏塔的总高度与氩塔6的高度基本相同。这样，包含第一蒸馏塔2、第二蒸馏塔4、氩塔6和过冷却热交换器12的壳体10可以更紧凑。
第二蒸馏塔4的顶部与氩塔6的顶部冷凝器8的顶部处于同一高度。
氩塔6的基部与支承结构14的中部基本上处于同一高度，氩塔本身通过另一支承结构14A保持在地面16上。
壳体10包含绝缘材料，例如珍珠岩。
支承结构14支承第一蒸馏塔2、第二蒸馏塔4以及还可能的过冷却热交换器12。
支承结构14、第一蒸馏塔2和第二蒸馏塔4的高度之和基本上等于氩塔6和氩塔的所述另一支承结构14A的高度之和。
在图2中，该设备包括双蒸馏塔，其由在中压下操作的第一蒸馏塔2和在低压下操作的第二蒸馏塔4组成。将待蒸馏的空气送入第一蒸馏塔2。将富含氧的液体从第一蒸馏塔2送至第二蒸馏塔4。将富含氮的液体从第一蒸馏塔2送至第二蒸馏塔4。这些液体中的一者或两者都可以通过与来自低压塔的气态氮气流进行热交换而在被称为过冷却器的过冷却热交换器12中冷却。
第二蒸馏塔4位于第一蒸馏塔2上方并共同形成称为双蒸馏塔的一般结构，来自第一蒸馏塔的氮气在底部再沸器冷凝器3中冷凝，该底部再沸器冷凝器3向第二蒸馏塔提供再沸。
在这种情况下，比双蒸馏塔(由第一和第二蒸馏塔组成)短的氩塔6被设置为从低压的第二蒸馏塔4的中间区域获取富含氩的气体作为进料。氩塔6的高度可以等于低压的第二蒸馏塔4的高度。然后可以从氩塔6的顶部除去纯氩气。来自氩塔6的底部液体被送回第二蒸馏塔4。
过冷却热交换器12在氩塔6的正下方位于支承结构14内，支承结构14保持氩塔6。以这种方式，支承结构14内的过冷却热交换器12以及氩塔6的总高度与双蒸馏塔的总高度基本相同。以这种方式，包含第一蒸馏塔2、第二蒸馏塔4、氩塔6和过冷却热交换器12的壳体10可以更紧凑。
第二蒸馏塔4的顶部与氩塔6的顶部冷凝器8的顶部处于相同的高度。
氩塔6的基部与第一蒸馏塔2的顶部基本上处于同一高度，氩塔本身通过支承结构14保持在地面16上方。
壳体10包含绝缘材料，例如珍珠岩。
支承结构14支承氩塔6以及还可能的过冷却热交换器12。
另一支承结构14A将双蒸馏塔支承在地面16的上方。
氩塔6和支承结构14的高度之和基本上等于双蒸馏塔和用于双蒸馏塔的所述另一支承结构14A的高度之和。

Claims (10)

1.通过低温蒸馏来蒸馏空气的设备，其特征在于，其包括:
壳体(10)；
在第一压力下操作的第一蒸馏塔(2)；
在第二压力下操作的第二蒸馏塔(4)，所述第二蒸馏塔位于所述第一蒸馏塔的上方并与所述第一蒸馏塔一起形成双蒸馏塔；
过冷却热交换器(12)，其用于冷却来自在所述第二蒸馏塔的上游的所述第一蒸馏塔的至少一种液体以及用于加热来自所述第二蒸馏塔的气态氮气流；
氩塔(6)，其用于从所述第二蒸馏塔分离富含氩的流并用于生产富含氩的流，所述第一蒸馏塔、所述第二蒸馏塔、所述氩塔和所述过冷却热交换器位于所述壳体内，所述过冷却热交换器位于所述第一蒸馏塔或所述氩塔的正下方。
2.根据权利要求1所述的通过低温蒸馏来蒸馏空气的设备，其特征在于，所述双蒸馏塔比所述氩塔(6)短，所述过冷却热交换器(12)位于所述第一蒸馏塔的正下方。
3.如权利要求2所述的通过低温蒸馏来蒸馏空气的设备，其特征在于，所述第一蒸馏塔和所述第二蒸馏塔由支承结构(14)支承；或者
所述第一蒸馏塔、所述第二蒸馏塔以及所述过冷却热交换器由支承结构(14)支承。
4.如权利要求3所述的通过低温蒸馏来蒸馏空气的设备，其特征在于，所述氩塔(6)的基部低于所述支承结构(14)的顶部。
5.如权利要求3所述的通过低温蒸馏来蒸馏空气的设备，其特征在于，所述支承结构(14)、所述第一蒸馏塔(2)和所述第二蒸馏塔(4)的高度之和基本上等于所述氩塔(6)和所述氩塔(6)的支承结构的高度之和。
6.如权利要求4所述的通过低温蒸馏来蒸馏空气的设备，其特征在于，所述支承结构(14)、所述第一蒸馏塔(2)和所述第二蒸馏塔(4)的高度之和基本上等于所述氩塔(6)和所述氩塔(6)的支承结构的高度之和。
7.如权利要求1所述的通过低温蒸馏来蒸馏空气的设备，其特征在于，所述双蒸馏塔比所述氩塔(6)长，所述过冷却热交换器(12)位于所述氩塔的正下方。
8.如权利要求7所述的通过低温蒸馏来蒸馏空气的设备，其特征在于，所述氩塔(6)的基部由支承结构(14)支承；或者
所述氩塔(6)的基部和所述过冷却热交换器(12)由支承结构(14)支承。
9.如权利要求8所述的通过低温蒸馏来蒸馏空气的设备，其特征在于，所述氩塔(6)和所述支承结构(14)的高度之和基本上等于所述双蒸馏塔和用于所述双蒸馏塔的支承结构的高度之和。
10.根据权利要求1-9中任一项所述的通过低温蒸馏来蒸馏空气的设备，其特征在于，所述设备包括用于冷却空气以送入所述第一蒸馏塔的热交换器，所述热交换器位于所述壳体(10)的外侧。
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