CN209432605U - A device for measuring the degree of fragmentation of surrounding rocks at different depths - Google Patents
A device for measuring the degree of fragmentation of surrounding rocks at different depths Download PDFInfo
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- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 238000013467 fragmentation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 238000006062 fragmentation reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 206010035148 Plague Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000012669 compression test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本实用新型公开了一种测量不同深度围岩破碎程度的装置，所述三向约束件由矩形底板、矩形侧板Ⅰ、矩形侧板Ⅱ和矩形侧板Ⅲ组成，矩形侧板Ⅰ和矩形侧板Ⅱ分别与矩形底板的两个相对边垂直固定，且矩形侧板Ⅰ和矩形侧板Ⅱ平行，矩形侧板Ⅲ的一侧面与矩形侧板Ⅰ的一端、矩形侧板Ⅱ一端和矩形底板的一端固定连接且垂直，加固板固定在矩形侧板Ⅲ的另一侧面；矩形侧板Ⅰ另一端和矩形侧板Ⅱ的另一端相对位置均开设圆孔，紧固杆通过圆孔穿过矩形侧板Ⅰ和矩形侧板Ⅱ，并通过螺栓分别与矩形侧板Ⅰ和矩形侧板Ⅱ紧固；本实用新型能在对岩石试样三面受到承载约束的情况下，通过压缩实验测量其临空面的岩石变形量，从而得出岩石变形量与承载能力的内在相关性。
The utility model discloses a device for measuring the fragmentation degree of surrounding rocks at different depths. The three-way restraint is composed of a rectangular bottom plate, a rectangular side plate I, a rectangular side plate II and a rectangular side plate III, and the rectangular side plate I and the rectangular side plate Plate II is vertically fixed to the two opposite sides of the rectangular bottom plate, and the rectangular side plate I is parallel to the rectangular side plate II, and one side of the rectangular side plate III is connected to one end of the rectangular side plate I, one end of the rectangular side plate II and the rectangular bottom plate. One end is fixedly connected and vertical, and the reinforcing plate is fixed on the other side of the rectangular side plate III; the other end of the rectangular side plate I and the other end of the rectangular side plate II are opposite to each other with round holes, and the fastening rod passes through the round hole through the rectangular side plate Ⅰ and rectangular side plate Ⅱ, and are respectively fastened to the rectangular side plate Ⅰ and rectangular side plate Ⅱ by bolts; the utility model can measure the free surface through compression experiments under the condition that the three sides of the rock sample are subject to load constraints. The amount of rock deformation, so as to obtain the intrinsic correlation between rock deformation and bearing capacity.
Description
技术领域technical field
本实用新型涉及一种测量装置，具体是一种测量不同深度围岩破碎程度的装置。The utility model relates to a measuring device, in particular to a device for measuring the fragmentation degree of surrounding rocks at different depths.
背景技术Background technique
随着矿产资源的开采，各种软岩巷道的支护成为困扰矿业发展的难题。我国自主研发了大量支护系统，并在矿山领域进行了充分利用，且有了长足的发展，有效提高了巷道的稳定性。但在现场施工和实地长期运用过程中还存在一些问题，由于煤矿开采过程中巷道围岩所受压力的变化，进而会使巷道围岩的变形量大，最终导致原有的支护构件难以支护的情况发生。由于巷道围岩变形大会对施工造成很大影响，因此研究岩石变形量与承载能力的内在相关性，改善巷道围岩的承载能力，是本行业亟需解决的技术问题。With the mining of mineral resources, the support of various soft rock roadways has become a problem that plagues the development of the mining industry. my country has independently developed a large number of support systems, which have been fully utilized in the mining field, and have made great progress, effectively improving the stability of the roadway. However, there are still some problems in the process of on-site construction and long-term use in the field. Due to the change of pressure on the surrounding rock of the roadway during the coal mining process, the deformation of the surrounding rock of the roadway will be large, which eventually makes it difficult for the original supporting components to support protection happens. Since the roadway surrounding rock deformation has a great impact on construction, it is an urgent technical problem to be solved in this industry to study the internal correlation between rock deformation and bearing capacity and improve the bearing capacity of roadway surrounding rock.
发明内容Contents of the invention
针对上述现有技术存在的问题，本实用新型提供一种测量不同深度围岩破碎程度的装置，能在对岩石试样三面受到承载约束的情况下，通过压缩实验测量其临空面的岩石变形量，从而得出岩石变形量与承载能力的内在相关性，为后续改善巷道围岩的承载能力提供理论支撑。Aiming at the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, the utility model provides a device for measuring the degree of fragmentation of surrounding rocks at different depths, which can measure the rock deformation of the free surface through compression experiments under the condition that the three sides of the rock sample are subject to load constraints Therefore, the internal correlation between rock deformation and bearing capacity can be obtained, which provides theoretical support for the subsequent improvement of the bearing capacity of the roadway surrounding rock.
为了实现上述目的，本实用新型采用的技术方案是：一种测量不同深度围岩破碎程度的装置，包括三向约束件、加固板、紧固杆和传感器固定件，In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is: a device for measuring the degree of fragmentation of surrounding rocks at different depths, including three-way restraints, reinforcement plates, fastening rods and sensor fixtures,
所述三向约束件由矩形底板、矩形侧板Ⅰ、矩形侧板Ⅱ和矩形侧板Ⅲ组成，矩形侧板Ⅰ和矩形侧板Ⅱ分别与矩形底板的两个相对边垂直固定，且矩形侧板Ⅰ和矩形侧板Ⅱ相互平行，矩形侧板Ⅲ的一侧面与矩形侧板Ⅰ的一端、矩形侧板Ⅱ一端和矩形底板的一端固定连接且垂直，加固板固定在矩形侧板Ⅲ的另一侧面；矩形侧板Ⅰ另一端和矩形侧板Ⅱ的另一端相对位置均开设圆孔，紧固杆通过圆孔穿过矩形侧板Ⅰ和矩形侧板Ⅱ，并通过螺栓分别与矩形侧板Ⅰ和矩形侧板Ⅱ紧固连接；The three-way constraint is composed of a rectangular bottom plate, a rectangular side plate I, a rectangular side plate II and a rectangular side plate III, and the rectangular side plate I and the rectangular side plate II are respectively fixed vertically to two opposite sides of the rectangular bottom plate, and the rectangular side The plate I and the rectangular side plate II are parallel to each other, one side of the rectangular side plate III is fixedly connected and perpendicular to one end of the rectangular side plate I, one end of the rectangular side plate II and one end of the rectangular bottom plate, and the reinforcement plate is fixed on the other side of the rectangular side plate III One side; the other end of the rectangular side plate I and the other end of the rectangular side plate II are provided with round holes, the fastening rod passes through the round holes through the rectangular side plate I and the rectangular side plate II, and is respectively connected to the rectangular side plate by bolts. Ⅰ and the rectangular side plate Ⅱ are fastened and connected;
所述矩形侧板Ⅰ和矩形侧板Ⅱ的相对侧面均开设安装凹槽，两个安装凹槽内均设有内嵌板；The opposite sides of the rectangular side plate I and the rectangular side plate II are provided with installation grooves, and the two installation grooves are provided with inner panels;
所述传感器固定件由底座和固定板组成，固定板垂直固定在底座上，矩形底板上开设多个定位孔，底座处于矩形底板上，底座上的定位销插入其中一个定位孔内使底座与矩形底板相对固定，固定板侧部开设多个安装孔，每个安装孔处均设有一位移传感器。The sensor fixture is composed of a base and a fixing plate, the fixing plate is vertically fixed on the base, a plurality of positioning holes are opened on the rectangular base, the base is on the rectangular base, and the positioning pin on the base is inserted into one of the positioning holes so that the base is aligned with the rectangular base. The bottom plate is relatively fixed, and a plurality of installation holes are opened on the side of the fixed plate, and a displacement sensor is arranged at each installation hole.
进一步，所述加固板分别与矩形侧板Ⅰ和矩形侧板Ⅱ通过三角筋板固定连接。Further, the reinforcing plate is respectively fixedly connected with the rectangular side plate I and the rectangular side plate II through a triangular rib plate.
进一步，所述两个安装凹槽的上表面均装有刻度板。Further, the upper surfaces of the two installation grooves are equipped with scale plates.
与现有技术相比，本实用新型采用三向约束件、内嵌板、紧固杆和传感器固定件相结合方式，具有如下优点：Compared with the prior art, the utility model adopts a combination of three-way restraints, inner panels, fastening rods and sensor fixtures, which has the following advantages:
1、本实用新型可以根据需要安装不同粗糙程度的内嵌板，模拟不同摩擦系数岩石间压缩过程中的鼓出量；1. The utility model can install inner panels with different roughness according to the needs to simulate the bulge during the compression process between rocks with different friction coefficients;
2、本实用新型三向约束件上设有刻度板，能直接清晰地对岩石试件表面岩石相对位移量进行读数，比较方便；2. There is a scale plate on the three-way restraint of the utility model, which can directly and clearly read the relative displacement of the rock on the surface of the rock test piece, which is more convenient;
3、本实用新型在设备加固方面增设加固板和三角筋板的设计，能够有效地克服岩石压缩过程中扩容产生的压应力，设备刚度满足实验要求。3. The utility model adds reinforcement plates and triangular ribs to the design of equipment reinforcement, which can effectively overcome the compressive stress generated by expansion during the rock compression process, and the stiffness of the equipment meets the experimental requirements.
4、本实用新型设计有位移传感器，在岩石试样三面受到承载约束的情况下对岩石试样的临空面进行测量，从而精确的测出岩石试样临空面的鼓出量大小，便于后续研究的使用。4. The utility model is designed with a displacement sensor to measure the free surface of the rock sample when the three sides of the rock sample are constrained by load, so as to accurately measure the bulge of the free surface of the rock sample, which is convenient Use in follow-up studies.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本实用新型的立体结构示意图；Fig. 1 is the three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the present utility model;
图2是本实用新型的俯视图；Fig. 2 is the top view of the utility model;
图3是图2的右视图；Fig. 3 is the right view of Fig. 2;
图4是本实用新型中传感器固定件的结构剖视图。Fig. 4 is a structural cross-sectional view of the sensor fixing part in the utility model.
图中：1、加固板，2、三角筋板，3、矩形侧板Ⅰ，4、矩形底板，5、矩形侧板Ⅱ，6、紧固杆，7、安装凹槽，8、内嵌板，9、矩形侧板Ⅲ，10、刻度板，11、传感器固定件，12、位移传感器，13、定位销。In the figure: 1. Reinforcement plate, 2. Triangular rib plate, 3. Rectangular side plate Ⅰ, 4. Rectangular bottom plate, 5. Rectangular side plate Ⅱ, 6. Fastening rod, 7. Installation groove, 8. Inner panel , 9, rectangular side plate III, 10, scale plate, 11, sensor fixture, 12, displacement sensor, 13, positioning pin.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面将对本实用新型做进一步说明。The utility model will be further described below.
如图所示，一种测量不同深度围岩破碎程度的装置，包括三向约束件、加固板1、紧固杆6和传感器固定件11，As shown in the figure, a device for measuring the degree of fragmentation of surrounding rocks at different depths, including three-way restraints, reinforcement plates 1, fastening rods 6 and sensor fixing parts 11,
所述三向约束件由矩形底板4、矩形侧板Ⅰ3、矩形侧板Ⅱ5和矩形侧板Ⅲ9组成，矩形侧板Ⅰ3和矩形侧板Ⅱ5分别与矩形底板4的两个相对边垂直固定，且矩形侧板Ⅰ3和矩形侧板Ⅱ5相互平行，矩形侧板Ⅲ9的一侧面与矩形侧板Ⅰ3的一端、矩形侧板Ⅱ5一端和矩形底板4的一端固定连接且垂直，加固板1固定在矩形侧板Ⅲ9的另一侧面；矩形侧板Ⅰ3另一端和矩形侧板Ⅱ5的另一端相对位置均开设圆孔，紧固杆6通过圆孔穿过矩形侧板Ⅰ3和矩形侧板Ⅱ5，并通过螺栓分别与矩形侧板Ⅰ3和矩形侧板Ⅱ5紧固连接；The three-way constraint is composed of a rectangular bottom plate 4, a rectangular side plate I3, a rectangular side plate II5 and a rectangular side plate III9, and the rectangular side plate I3 and the rectangular side plate II5 are respectively vertically fixed to two opposite sides of the rectangular bottom plate 4, and Rectangular side plate I3 and rectangular side plate II5 are parallel to each other, one side of rectangular side plate III9 is fixedly connected and perpendicular to one end of rectangular side plate I3, one end of rectangular side plate II5 and one end of rectangular bottom plate 4, and the reinforcing plate 1 is fixed on the rectangular side The other side of the plate III9; the other end of the rectangular side plate I3 and the opposite end of the rectangular side plate II5 are provided with round holes, and the fastening rod 6 passes through the round holes through the rectangular side plate I3 and the rectangular side plate II5, and through the bolts Respectively fastened with the rectangular side plate Ⅰ3 and the rectangular side plate Ⅱ5;
所述矩形侧板Ⅰ3和矩形侧板Ⅱ5的相对侧面均开设安装凹槽7，两个安装凹槽7内均设有内嵌板8；The opposite sides of the rectangular side plate I3 and the rectangular side plate II5 are provided with installation grooves 7, and the two installation grooves 7 are provided with inner panels 8;
所述传感器固定件11由底座和固定板组成，固定板垂直固定在底座上，矩形底板4上开设多个定位孔，底座处于矩形底板4上，底座上的定位销13插入其中一个定位孔内使底座与矩形底板4相对固定，固定板侧部开设多个安装孔，每个安装孔处均设有一位移传感器12。Described sensor fixture 11 is made up of base and fixed plate, and fixed plate is vertically fixed on the base, offers a plurality of positioning holes on the rectangular base plate 4, and the base is on the rectangular base plate 4, and the positioning pin 13 on the base is inserted in one of the positioning holes The base and the rectangular bottom plate 4 are relatively fixed, and a plurality of installation holes are opened on the side of the fixed plate, and a displacement sensor 12 is provided at each installation hole.
进一步，所述加固板1分别与矩形侧板Ⅰ3和矩形侧板Ⅱ5通过三角筋板2固定连接。Further, the reinforcing plate 1 is fixedly connected with the rectangular side plate I3 and the rectangular side plate II5 respectively through the triangular rib plate 2 .
进一步，所述两个安装凹槽7的上表面均装有刻度板10。Further, scale plates 10 are installed on the upper surfaces of the two installation grooves 7 .
本实用新型使用方法的具体步骤为：The concrete steps of the utility model using method are:
A、根据测试的围岩性质，选择具有所需摩擦系数的内嵌板8安装在安装凹槽7内；A. According to the nature of the surrounding rock tested, select the inner panel 8 with the required friction coefficient and install it in the installation groove 7;
B、将待压缩岩石试样放置到三向约束件内的矩形底板4上，并使岩石试样分别与两个内嵌板8和矩形侧板Ⅲ9接触(即岩石试样的四个侧面中三个侧面分别受到约束，剩下朝向传感器固定件11的侧面为临空面)，通过刻度板10读出当前岩石试样表面在沿内嵌板8方向的长度值，将传感器固定件11放置到矩形底板4上并调整与岩石试样之间的距离，然后通过定位销13插入定位孔内使传感器固定件11相对固定，在每个安装孔处均安装位移传感器12，并将位移传感器12与计算机连接，位移传感器12对当前与岩石试样临空面之间的距离进行测量；B. Place the rock sample to be compressed on the rectangular bottom plate 4 in the three-way restraint, and make the rock sample contact with the two inlay plates 8 and the rectangular side plate III 9 respectively (i.e. four sides of the rock sample The three sides are constrained respectively, and the side facing the sensor fixing part 11 is the free surface), read the length value of the current rock sample surface in the direction along the inner panel 8 through the scale plate 10, and place the sensor fixing part 11 On the rectangular bottom plate 4 and adjust the distance with the rock sample, then insert the positioning pin 13 into the positioning hole to make the sensor fixture 11 relatively fixed, and install the displacement sensor 12 at each mounting hole, and place the displacement sensor 12 Connected with the computer, the displacement sensor 12 measures the distance between the current and the free surface of the rock sample;
C、紧固杆6通过圆孔穿过矩形侧板Ⅰ3和矩形侧板Ⅱ5，并通过螺栓分别与矩形侧板Ⅰ3和矩形侧板Ⅱ5紧固连接；C. The fastening rod 6 passes through the rectangular side plate I3 and the rectangular side plate II5 through the round hole, and is respectively fastened and connected with the rectangular side plate I3 and the rectangular side plate II5 by bolts;
D、将三向约束件放置到岩石压力机实验台上，根据煤矿现场测试得出的不同深度煤岩所受的压力数据，对压力机的参数进行设置，完成后启动压力机，对岩石试样施加垂直压力进行压缩试验；D. Place the three-way constraint on the rock press test bench, set the parameters of the press according to the pressure data of coal rocks at different depths obtained from field tests in the coal mine, and start the press after the completion of the test. Apply vertical pressure to the sample for compression test;
E、在压缩过程中，通过刻度板10读出当前压力下岩石试样表面的长度值，同时通过位移传感器12实时检测岩石试样临空面与位移传感器12之间的距离值，将上述两个值进行存储，对压力机的压力值进行动态调整，重复检测得出不同压力值下，岩石试样表面的长度值和岩石试样与位移传感器之间的距离值；完成后将不同压力值下得出的两个值分别与实验前测量的两个值做差值，得出不同压力值下岩石试样表面的相对位移量及岩石试样临空面的鼓出量。E, in the compression process, read the length value of the rock sample surface under the current pressure by the scale plate 10, and detect the distance value between the empty surface of the rock sample and the displacement sensor 12 in real time through the displacement sensor 12 simultaneously, and the above two The value is stored, the pressure value of the press is dynamically adjusted, and the length value of the rock sample surface and the distance value between the rock sample and the displacement sensor are obtained by repeated detection under different pressure values; after completion, the different pressure values will be stored. The difference between the two values obtained below and the two values measured before the experiment are respectively obtained to obtain the relative displacement of the surface of the rock sample and the bulge of the free surface of the rock sample under different pressure values.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109520843A (en) * | 2019-01-17 | 2019-03-26 | 湖南科技大学 | A kind of device and application method measuring different depth rock crusher degree |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109520843A (en) * | 2019-01-17 | 2019-03-26 | 湖南科技大学 | A kind of device and application method measuring different depth rock crusher degree |
| CN109520843B (en) * | 2019-01-17 | 2024-03-08 | 湖南科技大学 | Device for measuring surrounding rock crushing degrees with different depths and use method |
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