CN209309989U - Innoxious refuse burner - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of innoxious refuse burner, including furnace body, it is equipped with burner hearth in the furnace body, the burner hearth includes the combustion chamber, heat exchanging chamber and smoke extraction chamber set gradually；Fire grate is equipped in the combustion chamber, the fire grate is connected with sealed feeder unit and deslagging device；Heat-exchanger rig is equipped in the heat exchanging chamber, the smoke extraction chamber is connected with exhaust gas processing device；The furnace body is equipped at least one preheating cavity, is equipped with blast pipe in the preheating cavity, the blast pipe is connected with pre- hot air pipe, and the pre- hot air pipe sequentially passes through the preheating cavity and is connected with for blower；The utility model combustion chamber inner part heat enters the preheating cavity through furnace body, the air for first passing around pre- hot air pipe supplied for blower can be preheated, promote rubbish full combustion while initial temperature can be improved, the harmful substances such as dioxin can be burned totally under hot environment.

Description

Innoxious refuse burner

Technical field

The utility model relates to a kind of combustion furnace more particularly to a kind of innoxious refuse burners.

Background technique

Rubbish is the solid waste generated in mankind's daily life and production, and discharge rate is big, complicated component is various, has Pollution, resource and social, cannot such as deal carefully with, just pollute the environment, and influence environmental sanitation, and waste of resource is destroyed Production and living safety, destroys social harmony.It is at this stage innoxious, recycling and minimizing to the requirement of garbage disposal, it is harmless Change seeks to rubbish and removes rapidly, and carries out harmless treatment.The waste disposal method being widely used at present be sanitary landfills, During High-Temperature Composting and burning etc., wherein burning is the Assessment of MSW Disposal Technologies that countries in the world are widely used, it is large-scale equipped with heat The waste incineration processing system that can be recycled and utilize device is just being gradually increasing due to having complied with the requirement of the recycling energy as rubbish The mainstream of processing method.

Chinese MSW research processing start late, using incineration technology there is also many problems at present urgently It is to be solved, firstly, larger molecular organics content is larger in rubbish, in combustion, because ingredient is heterogeneous in rubbish and contains portion Divide inorganic matter, combustion process is difficult to obtain ideal high temperature, and the burning of larger molecular organics easily generates the nuisances such as dioxin Matter causes secondary environmental pollution；Secondly, domestic waste chlorinty is very high, containing a large amount of in the combustion product of rubbish HCl, HCl have stronger corrosivity to various metals, inevitably use metal portion for garbage incinerating system For part, the presence of HCl can limit the application of garbage incinerating system and subsequent tail gas treatment device significantly.

Inventor is conceived to the research and application of incineration treatment of garbage technology, and finds under study for action, the corrosiveness of HCl It is affected by temperature, when between 150 DEG C~400 DEG C, HCl activity is lower, and corrosiveness is lower.According to These characteristics and before being directed to Problem is stated, inventor devises a kind of novel waste incinerator, and the invention is given birth to therefrom.

Utility model content

The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a kind of structurally reasonable, it can be achieved that high temperature garbage burning, subtracting Few harmful substance generates and can cooperate reduction exhaust temperature, reduces the innoxious refuse burner of HCl corrosiveness.

In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution of the utility model is: innoxious refuse burner, including furnace body, Burner hearth is equipped in the furnace body, the burner hearth includes the combustion chamber, heat exchanging chamber and smoke extraction chamber set gradually；It is set in the combustion chamber There is fire grate, the fire grate is connected with sealed feeder unit and deslagging device；Heat-exchanger rig, the smoke evacuation are equipped in the heat exchanging chamber Chamber is connected with exhaust gas processing device；By thermal insulation layer equipped at least one preheating on the furnace body above the fire grate Chamber, the preheating cavity is interior equipped with several blast pipes for passing through the thermal insulation layer and being blown towards the fire grate, and the blast pipe connects It is connected to pre- hot air pipe, the pre- hot air pipe sequentially passes through the preheating cavity and is connected with for blower.

There are three the preheating cavity is set as a preferred technical solution, three preheating cavities are respectively along conveying direction The first preheating cavity, the second preheating cavity and the third preheating cavity set gradually.

The pre- hot air pipe sequentially passes through the third preheating cavity, the second preheating cavity and as a preferred technical solution, The connection of one preheating cavity is described for blower.

The blast pipe is equipped in first preheating cavity and second preheating cavity as a preferred technical solution,.

The heat exchanging chamber is arranged higher than the combustion chamber as a preferred technical solution, and the smoke extraction chamber is arranged described It is connected to above combustion chamber and with the heat exchanging chamber.

The pre- hot air pipe sequentially passes through described in the smoke extraction chamber connects with the preheating cavity as a preferred technical solution, For blower.

The end of the combustion chamber is transversely provided with high-temperature hot-air chamber by high temperature insulating wall as a preferred technical solution, The pre- hot air pipe connects across the high-temperature hot-air chamber with the preheating cavity described for blower；The high temperature insulating wall with it is described Cigarette gap was equipped between the cavity wall of combustion chamber.

The sealed feeder unit includes logical higher than the sealing charging of fire grate setting as a preferred technical solution, Road, the sealing feeding-passage are connected to setting with the combustion chamber；Sealing sliding has expeller in the sealing feeding-passage, institute It states expeller and is connected with reciprocal pusher driving device；The sealing feeding-passage is equipped with feed hopper.

The heat-exchanger rig includes several heat exchanging water pipes being arranged in the heat exchanging chamber as a preferred technical solution, Several heat exchanging water pipes are connected with water circle device jointly.

The deslagging device includes scraper slagging machine as a preferred technical solution,.

By adopting the above-described technical solution, innoxious refuse burner, including furnace body, the furnace body is interior to be equipped with burner hearth, The burner hearth includes the combustion chamber, heat exchanging chamber and smoke extraction chamber set gradually；Fire grate, the fire grate connection are equipped in the combustion chamber There are sealed feeder unit and deslagging device；Heat-exchanger rig is equipped in the heat exchanging chamber, the smoke extraction chamber is connected with vent gas treatment dress It sets；At least one preheating cavity is equipped with by thermal insulation layer on the furnace body above the fire grate, is equipped in the preheating cavity Several blast pipes for passing through the thermal insulation layer and being blown towards the fire grate, the blast pipe is connected with pre- hot air pipe, described pre- Hot air pipe sequentially passes through the preheating cavity and is connected with for blower；High temperature, portion are formed to incineration firing in the utility model combustion chamber Divide heat to enter the preheating cavity through furnace body, the air for first passing around pre- hot air pipe supplied for blower can be preheated, Air after preheating directly blows to rubbish surface above fire grate, promotes rubbish full combustion while initial temperature can be improved, It forms high temperature with burning in combustion chamber to complement each other, the harmful substances such as dioxin can be burned totally under hot environment, and reduction has Evil substance generates；Pre- hot air pipe can carry out heat exchange cooling to tail gas by smoke extraction chamber, inhibit HCl activity in tail gas, reduce its corruption Erosion effect.

Detailed description of the invention

Following drawings are only intended to schematically illustrate and explain the present invention, does not limit the model of the utility model It encloses.Wherein:

Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the utility model embodiment one；

Fig. 2 is the structure principle chart of the pre- hot air pipe of the utility model embodiment one；

Fig. 3 is the structure principle chart of one blast pipe of the utility model embodiment；

Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of one exhaust gas processing device of the utility model embodiment；

Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram of the utility model embodiment two.

In figure: 1- furnace body；11- burner hearth；12- combustion chamber；13- heat exchanging chamber；14- smoke extraction chamber；The first preheating cavity of 15-；16- Two preheating cavities；17- third preheating cavity；18- high-temperature hot-air chamber；2- fire grate；3- sealed feeder unit；4- blast pipe；The pre- hot wind of 5- Pipe；6- heat-exchanger rig；7- deslagging device；8- exhaust gas processing device；81- cyclone separator；82- dioxin clarifier；83- cloth bag Deduster；84- desulfuring and denitrifying apparatus.

Specific embodiment

With reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, the utility model is further described.In the following detailed description, only pass through Bright mode describes the exemplary embodiment of the utility model.Undoubtedly, those skilled in the art may recognize that It arrives, it, can be with a variety of different modes to described implementation without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model Example is modified.Therefore, attached drawing and description are regarded as illustrative in nature, rather than the protection model for limiting claim It encloses.

Embodiment one: shown in common as shown in Figure 1 to Figure 4, innoxious refuse burner, including furnace body 1 is set in the furnace body 1 There is burner hearth 11, the burner hearth 11 includes combustion chamber 12, heat exchanging chamber 13 and the smoke extraction chamber 14 set gradually.With resistance in the furnace body 1 Firebrick is piled up to form burner hearth 11, is thermally shielded on the outside of the furnace body 1 using insulating layer, these belong to boiler routine techniques, herein It repeats no more.

Fire grate 2 is equipped in the combustion chamber 12, the present embodiment illustrates the fire grate 2 to be chain furnace grate 2, can also be certainly Reciprocating fire grate 2.

The fire grate 2 is connected with sealed feeder unit 3 and deslagging device 7, and the sealed feeder unit 3 includes higher than described The sealing feeding-passage that fire grate 2 is arranged, the present embodiment illustrate the sealing feeding-passage to be laterally arranged.The sealing feeding-passage Setting is connected to the combustion chamber 12；Sealing sliding has expeller in the sealing feeding-passage, and the expeller is connected with past Multiple pusher driving device；The sealing feeding-passage is equipped with feed hopper.Reciprocal pusher driving device described in the present embodiment includes The output end of driving motor, the driving motor is connect by slider-crank mechanism with the expeller, the driving motor fortune When row, the expeller is reciprocating；Certain reciprocal pusher driving device can also be reciprocal drive cylinder, pass through oil cylinder Stretch the reciprocating motion received and realize the expeller.Rubbish is stored in the feed hopper, rubbish is stacked into described under Gravitative Loads It seals in feeding-passage, self-assembling formation sealing, the expeller pushes the rubbish being located in the sealing feeding-passage, is pushed away Enter the combustion chamber 12 and fall on the fire grate 2, when the expeller return after, rubbish accumulate once more into it is described seal into Expect in channel, realizes whole sealing charging.The deslagging device 7 includes scraper slagging machine, positioned at the tail of the fire grate 2 conveying End, belongs to existing well-known technique, details are not described herein.

Heat-exchanger rig 6 is equipped in the heat exchanging chamber 13, the heat-exchanger rig 6 includes several is arranged in the heat exchanging chamber 13 Heat exchanging water pipe, several heat exchanging water pipes are connected with water circle device jointly.The heat-exchanger rig 6 is using described in water body absorption Calory burning in heat exchanging chamber 13, then converts heat to the purposes such as heating, steam power, and the heat-exchanger rig 6 is ability Known to field technique personnel, details are not described herein.

The smoke extraction chamber 14 is connected with exhaust gas processing device 8, and the exhaust gas processing device 8 includes cyclone separator 81, two English clarifier 82, bag filter 83, desulfuring and denitrifying apparatus 84 etc. are disliked, is existing well known well-known technique, details are not described herein.

At least one preheating cavity is equipped with by thermal insulation layer on the furnace body 1 above the fire grate 2, it is certainly described every Should also there are the structures such as refractory brick to prevent fires between thermosphere and the combustion chamber 12, the thermal insulation layer is those skilled in the art institute Well known, details are not described herein and is being not shown in the figure.It is equipped in the preheating cavity and several passes through the thermal insulation layer and towards institute The blast pipe 4 of the blowing of fire grate 2 is stated, the blast pipe 4 is connected with pre- hot air pipe 5, and the pre- hot air pipe 5 sequentially passes through the preheating Chamber is connected with for blower.There are three preheating cavity is set described in the present embodiment, three preheating cavities be respectively along conveying direction successively The first preheating cavity 15, the second preheating cavity 16 and the third preheating cavity 17 being arranged.Refractory brick and the thermal insulation layer are under the high temperature conditions Also heat loss, the 17 received heat loss of first preheating cavity 15, second preheating cavity 16 and the third preheating cavity are had It influencing, internal temperature can be increased, and temperature can the be connected with natural air pre- hot air pipe 5 after increasing absorbs heat, from Right air is heated, and forms preheating.The pre- hot air pipe 5 sequentially passes through the third preheating cavity 17, the second preheating cavity 16 and One preheating cavity 15 connect it is described for blower, i.e., after natural air is fed into the pre- hot air pipe 5, successively by it is described first preheating Chamber 15, second preheating cavity 16 and the third preheating cavity 17 are preheated.

The hot wind from the pre- hot air pipe 5 is received in the blast pipe 4, and the hot wind with higher temperature is directly supplied Enter the combustion chamber 12, burning initial temperature can not only be improved, it is former to be conducive to combustion-supporting and sufficient oxygen supply and surface air-supply Reason may make that incineration firing is more abundant, high temperature easy to form in the combustion chamber 12, have more heat loss to institute again after high temperature The first preheating cavity 15, second preheating cavity 16 and the third preheating cavity 17 are stated, preferably pre- heat effect can be played to air, So as to form benign cycle, until reaching a more stable high temperature in the combustion chamber 12.First preheating described in the present embodiment The blast pipe 4 is equipped in chamber 15 and second preheating cavity 16, before the oxygen-enriched combusting of rubbish is present in the fire grate 2 Portion, so the present embodiment only carries out surface forced air supply to the rubbish on the fire grate 2 in middle front part.Surface described in the present embodiment Air-supply principle is the prior art that those skilled in the art would know that, is not described in detail herein.

The heat exchanging chamber 13 is arranged higher than the combustion chamber 12, the smoke extraction chamber 14 be arranged above the combustion chamber 12 and It is connected to the heat exchanging chamber 13, the first preheating cavity 15 described in this way, second preheating cavity 16 and 17 shape of third preheating cavity At the structure wrapped up by three chambers of the burner hearth 11 half, there can be more heat loss to come in, improve pre-heat effect.

Pre- hot air pipe 5 described in the present embodiment sequentially pass through the smoke extraction chamber 14 connected with the preheating cavity it is described for blower, The i.e. described pre- hot air pipe 5 also passes through after first preheating cavity 15, second preheating cavity 16 and the third preheating cavity 17 The smoke extraction chamber 14 just completes preheating.Because of the effect of refractory brick and the thermal insulation layer, first preheating cavity 15, institute are spilt into The heat stated in the second preheating cavity 16 and the third preheating cavity 17 is very limited, and ideal preheating is not achieved in these three preheating cavities Temperature, pre- hot air pipe 5 described in the present embodiment are once exchanged heat the heat in tail gas using the smoke extraction chamber 14 again, can The effect for improving ventilation temperature again is played, while the temperature of tail gas can be reduced, reduces the corrosiveness of HCl.

The working principle of the present embodiment are as follows: rubbish, which is sent on the fire grate 2, to burn, described to be supplied from right sky for blower Gas, natural air carry out pressure air feed through the pre- hot air pipe 5 and 4 pairs of the blast pipe rubbish surfaces burnt, and rubbish is in table Vigorous combustion under the conditions of air feed is forced in face, and the fraction heat of burning gradually penetrates first preheating cavity 15, described second in advance In hot chamber 16 and the third preheating cavity 17, while most of heat reaches the smoke extraction chamber after the heat-exchanger rig 6 heat exchange 14, the natural air in the pre- hot air pipe 5 gradually forms the effect being preheated, be sprayed onto air on the fire grate 2 there has also been Higher initial temperature, this is conducive to the initial temperature for improving burning, gradually rises ignition temperature in the combustion chamber 12 also, The high temperature for ultimately forming 1200 DEG C or so, under this high temperature and sufficient oxygen supply, the harmful substances such as dioxin can be fired completely It burns and decomposes；The tail gas of the smoke extraction chamber 14 is reached after the pre- hot air pipe 5 absorbs heat, exhaust temperature can be significantly reduced to 400 DEG C Hereinafter, HCl activity reduces, the corrosion to the pre- hot air pipe 5 and the exhaust gas processing device 8 can be reduced.

The present embodiment compared with prior art, can carry out air preheat to the unserviceable heat of part loss, can be significant Combustion-supporting effect is improved, keeps incineration firing more abundant, harmful substance generates less, and the utilization of loss heat is simultaneously but also tail gas temperature Degree reduces, and the temperature of tail gas can be such that HCl is under lower activated state, and the exhaust gas processing device 8 can go on smoothly tail gas Processing.

Embodiment two: as shown in figure 5, the present embodiment and embodiment one the difference is that: the end of the combustion chamber 12 End is transversely provided with high-temperature hot-air chamber 18 by high temperature insulating wall, and the pre- hot air pipe 5 is across the high-temperature hot-air chamber 18 and described Preheating cavity connection is described for blower；Cigarette gap was equipped between the high temperature insulating wall and the cavity wall of the combustion chamber 12.This reality The end that the combustion chamber 12 is arranged in the high-temperature hot-air chamber 18 by example is applied, the pre- hot air pipe 5 is through first preheating cavity 15, it after second preheating cavity 16 and the third preheating cavity 17, completes to preheat using the high-temperature hot-air chamber 18, certain institute It states and may also set up the heat-exchanger rig 6 in smoke extraction chamber 14, to reduce exhaust temperature.

The advantages of basic principles and main features and the utility model of the utility model have been shown and described above.Current row The technical staff of industry is described in above embodiments and description it should be appreciated that the present utility model is not limited to the above embodiments Only illustrate the principles of the present invention, on the premise of not departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model, the utility model is also It will have various changes and improvements, these various changes and improvements fall within the scope of the claimed invention.The utility model Claimed range is defined by the appending claims and its equivalent thereof.

Claims (10)

1. innoxious refuse burner, including furnace body, burner hearth is equipped in the furnace body, it is characterised in that: the burner hearth include according to Combustion chamber, heat exchanging chamber and the smoke extraction chamber of secondary setting；Fire grate is equipped in the combustion chamber, the fire grate is connected with sealed feeder unit And deslagging device；Heat-exchanger rig is equipped in the heat exchanging chamber, the smoke extraction chamber is connected with exhaust gas processing device；Positioned at the fire grate At least one preheating cavity is equipped with by thermal insulation layer on the furnace body of top, is equipped in the preheating cavity several across described heat-insulated Layer and the blast pipe being blown towards the fire grate, the blast pipe is connected with pre- hot air pipe, and the pre- hot air pipe sequentially passes through institute Preheating cavity is stated to be connected with for blower.

2. innoxious refuse burner as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: there are three the preheating cavity is set, three institutes Stating preheating cavity is respectively the first preheating cavity arranged successively in the conveying direction, the second preheating cavity and third preheating cavity.

3. innoxious refuse burner as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that: the pre- hot air pipe sequentially passes through described the Three preheating cavities, the second preheating cavity and the connection of the first preheating cavity are described for blower.

4. innoxious refuse burner as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that: first preheating cavity and described second is in advance Heat is intracavitary to be equipped with the blast pipe.

5. innoxious refuse burner as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the heat exchanging chamber is higher than the combustion chamber and sets It sets, the smoke extraction chamber is arranged above the combustion chamber and is connected to the heat exchanging chamber.

6. innoxious refuse burner as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the pre- hot air pipe sequentially passes through the row Smoke chamber connects described for blower with the preheating cavity.

7. innoxious refuse burner as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the end of the combustion chamber by high temperature every Hot wall is transversely provided with high-temperature hot-air chamber, and the pre- hot air pipe passes through the high-temperature hot-air chamber and connects the air feed with the preheating cavity Machine；Cigarette gap was equipped between the high temperature insulating wall and the cavity wall of the combustion chamber.

8. innoxious refuse burner as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the sealed feeder unit includes being higher than institute The sealing feeding-passage of fire grate setting is stated, the sealing feeding-passage is connected to setting with the combustion chamber；The sealing charging is logical Sealing sliding has expeller in road, and the expeller is connected with reciprocal pusher driving device；The sealing feeding-passage is equipped with Feed hopper.

9. innoxious refuse burner as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the heat-exchanger rig includes that several settings exist Heat exchanging water pipe in the heat exchanging chamber, several heat exchanging water pipes are connected with water circle device jointly.

10. the innoxious refuse burner as described in claim 1 to 9 any claim, it is characterised in that: the dress of slagging tap It sets including scraper slagging machine.