CN209276529U - A kind of vertical multi-stage anaerobic reactor - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a vertical multi-stage anaerobic reactor, which comprises a support structure, a tank structure, a stirring device, a heat preservation device, several pipelines and valves; the support structure is located on the ground and is used to bear the weight of the entire reactor; the tank The body structure is a vertical structure composed of several anaerobic reactors, which are located on the supporting structure; the stirring device is located in the tank structure, which is used to stir and mix evenly, so that the microorganisms are suspended and dispersed in the material; the heat preservation device is located in the tank structure The surface of the tank is used to heat the tank structure and maintain the temperature in the anaerobic reactor; each anaerobic reactor communicates with the outside world through a corresponding pipeline, and the pipeline is equipped with a valve. The utility model adopts an anaerobic reactor with a vertical structure, which can be developed from the ground to the air, and can reasonably and effectively use limited land resources, and the vertical structure adopts a stirring method of one shaft and multiple tanks, and one shaft can be used together. The use of motors is reduced and the economic benefits of integration can be realized.

Description

A vertical multistage anaerobic reactor

technical field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of biological fermentation equipment and relates to anaerobic fermentation, in particular to a vertical multistage anaerobic reactor.

Background technique

The organic solid waste produced in the rural scale breeding industry has the characteristics of fast fermentation and gas production, easy to decompose and stable gas production. The treatment of organic solid waste by anaerobic fermentation can not only recover clean energy, but also produce carbon dioxide and water after complete combustion of biogas, which will not cause secondary pollution to the environment. Fermentation products can also be used as soil improvers or high-quality products in agricultural applications. Organic Fertilizer.

As a micro-ecosystem that provides microbial growth and reproduction, the reactor is conducive to the stable growth of various microorganisms, and the efficient and smooth flow of material and energy is a necessary condition for maintaining the continuous stability of the anaerobic treatment system. In the design process of anaerobic biological treatment of organic solid waste, the reactor is a rapidly developing field in the anaerobic fermentation process.

Since a single anaerobic reactor can only carry out batch-type fermentation, the gas production of this type of reactor is unstable during the anaerobic fermentation reaction, and it must be restarted after each fermentation cycle ends, resulting in a long fermentation cycle and low efficiency , which is not conducive to the continuous operation of the device; after completing the treatment of a batch of raw materials, another batch of raw materials cannot be processed, and continuous production cannot be realized, and continuous stirring is required during the reaction process, which consumes a lot of power and produces a large amount of biogas slag; it cannot achieve the purpose of mass production, and the operation in batch processing is complicated, which is not conducive to automatic control and remote monitoring.

Therefore, in view of the shortcomings of single-stage anaerobic reactors, the research on multi-stage continuous anaerobic fermentation reactors was carried out. This kind of multi-stage continuous anaerobic reactor is distributed, and multiple anaerobic reactors work at the same time, which means that multiple mixers and multiple pumping motors are required to work at the same time, which causes the multi-stage anaerobic reactor to take up Disadvantages such as large area, high energy consumption, complicated operation, and inability to continuously feed materials.

Utility model content

Aiming at the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art, the utility model provides a vertical multi-stage anaerobic reactor. The anaerobic reactor with a vertical structure can be developed from the ground to the air, and the limited space can be reasonably and effectively utilized. Land resources, and the vertical structure adopts the stirring method of one shaft and multiple tanks, that is, one shaft connects multiple reactors and is driven by one motor, which overcomes the disadvantage that the stirring device of multiple reactors is driven by multiple motors , one-axis coupling not only reduces the use of motors but also realizes the economic benefits of integration.

For this reason, the utility model has adopted following technical scheme:

A vertical multi-stage anaerobic reactor, including a support structure, a tank structure, a stirring device, a heat preservation device, several pipes and valves; the support structure is located on the ground and is used to bear the weight of the entire reactor; the tank The structure is a vertical structure composed of several anaerobic reactors, which are located on the supporting structure. The middle of two adjacent anaerobic reactors is connected by flanges. The communication between the two anaerobic reactors is controlled by butterfly valves. The main place of oxygen reaction; the stirring device is located in the tank structure, used to stir and mix evenly, so that the microorganisms are suspended and dispersed in the material; the heat preservation device is located on the surface of the tank structure, used to heat the tank structure and keep the The temperature in the oxygen reactor; each anaerobic reactor communicates with the outside world through a corresponding pipeline, and the pipeline is equipped with a valve to control the opening and closing of the pipeline.

Preferably, the support structure includes a base and a channel steel, the base is poured with concrete and fixed on the ground; the channel steel is a long strip of steel with a grooved cross section, the lower part of the channel steel is fixed on the base, and the upper part of the channel steel It is fixedly connected with the bottom of the tank structure to keep the tank stable during the whole reaction process.

Preferably, the top cover of the top anaerobic reactor in the tank structure adopts an elliptical head, and the upper and lower heads of the remaining anaerobic reactors all adopt flat-topped conical heads; each anaerobic reactor The top of the tank is provided with a plurality of holes for collecting the gas generated by the reaction, feeding, and detecting various reaction parameters of the internal reactants; the bottom of the anaerobic reactor at the bottom of the tank structure adopts a conical structure to prevent Material deposition.

Preferably, the flange structure connecting two anaerobic reactors consists of a pair of identical flanges, a gasket and several bolts and nuts in between; a gasket can be placed between the sealing surfaces of the two flanges, and the bolts After tightening the nuts at both ends of the flange, the specific pressure on the surface of the gasket in the middle of the two flanges will deform after reaching a certain value, and will fill up the unevenness on the sealing surface to make the connection tight.

Preferably, the stirring device adopts a shaft-connected vertical structure, including a stirring shaft and an agitator; the agitating shaft runs through the entire tank structure, and each anaerobic reactor is provided with an agitator, and the agitator It is connected with the stirring shaft by bearings.

Preferably, the heat preservation device adopts a jacket for heat preservation, the heat supply medium is water, and the heat supply source includes solar energy, biogas, and alcohol-based fuel.

Preferably, the tank body of the anaerobic reactor is made of carbon steel, and the inner wall of the tank is coated with a polymer coating to prevent corrosion of the tank body.

Preferably, the side wall of each anaerobic reactor is provided with a liquid level gauge communicating with the internal environment for indicating the volume of the reactant.

Preferably, each anaerobic reactor is provided with a manual inspection port for equipment installation and inspection.

Preferably, the lid of each anaerobic reactor is provided with tube holes for placing equipment such as pH meter detectors, temperature sensors and pressure gauges, which are used to measure various parameters of the material and keep the anaerobic reactor Stable operation.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:

(1) It can effectively reduce the use of land area and can realize continuous operation. Every few days, a batch of new materials can be fed in and a batch of residues that have been basically reacted can be discharged, and bacteria can be reserved for the next batch of raw materials. Provide inoculum.

(2) The reactor is a vertical structure, and the anaerobic reactor can be developed from the ground to the air, which can make reasonable and effective use of limited land resources.

(3) The vertical structure adopts the stirring method of one shaft and multiple tanks, that is, one shaft connects multiple reactors and is driven by one motor, which overcomes the disadvantage that the stirring devices of multiple reactors are driven by multiple motors. The one-axis combination not only reduces the use of motors but also realizes the economic benefits of integration.

(4) After reacting for a period of time, the reactants of the previous stage can directly flow to the next stage under the action of gravity, and continue to react in the next stage. At this time, space and bacteria are reserved for the next batch of materials to carry out Anaerobic fermentation reaction.

(5) The vertical structure optimizes the operation steps, enabling the multi-stage reactor to continuously feed and discharge materials, achieving an integrated continuous operation process.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure and composition of a vertical multi-stage anaerobic reactor provided by the utility model.

Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a support structure in a vertical multi-stage anaerobic reactor provided by the utility model.

Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of a tank structure in a vertical multi-stage anaerobic reactor provided by the utility model.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the flange cover.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the connecting flange structure.

Fig. 6 is a structural schematic diagram of a butterfly valve.

Fig. 7 is a front view of the stirrer.

Fig. 8 is a top view of the stirrer.

Explanation of reference signs: 1. Support structure; 2. Tank body structure; 3. Stirring device; 4. Heat preservation device; 1-1, base; 1-2, channel steel.

Detailed ways

The utility model will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, wherein the specific embodiments and descriptions are only used to explain the utility model, but not as a limitation to the utility model.

As shown in Figure 1, the utility model discloses a vertical multi-stage anaerobic reactor, including a support structure 1, a tank structure 2, a stirring device 3, a heat preservation device 4, several pipelines and valves; the support structure 1 Located on the ground, it is used to bear the weight of the entire reactor; the tank structure 2 is a vertical structure composed of several anaerobic reactors, located on the support structure 1, and the two adjacent anaerobic reactors pass through Flange connection, the connection of the two anaerobic reactors is controlled by a butterfly valve, which is the main place for anaerobic reaction; the stirring device 3 is located in the tank structure 2, and is used for stirring and mixing evenly, so that microorganisms are suspended and dispersed in the material; The heat preservation device 4 is located on the surface of the tank structure 2, and is used to heat the tank structure and maintain the temperature in the anaerobic reactor; each anaerobic reactor is communicated with the outside world through a corresponding pipeline, and the pipeline is provided with a valve. Used to control the opening and closing of pipelines.

Specifically, as shown in Figure 2, the support structure 1 includes a base 1-1 and a channel steel 1-2, the base 1-1 is poured with concrete and fixed on the ground; the channel steel 1-2 has a section of Groove-shaped strip steel, the lower part of the channel steel 1-2 is fixed on the base 1-1, and the upper part of the channel steel 1-2 is fixedly connected with the bottom of the tank structure 2 to maintain the tank body during the entire reaction process. Stablize.

Specifically, as shown in Figure 3, the top cover of the top anaerobic reactor in the tank structure 2 adopts an elliptical head, and the upper and lower heads of the remaining anaerobic reactors all adopt flat-topped conical heads The top of each anaerobic reactor is provided with a plurality of channels for collecting the gas produced by the reaction, feeding, and detecting various reaction parameters of the internal reactants; the bottom of the bottom anaerobic reactor in the tank structure adopts Conical structure to prevent material deposition.

Specifically, the flange structure connecting two anaerobic reactors consists of a pair of identical flanges, a gasket in between, and several bolts and nuts; a gasket can be placed between the sealing surfaces of the two flanges, and the bolts After tightening the nuts at both ends of the flange, the specific pressure on the surface of the gasket in the middle of the two flanges will deform after reaching a certain value, and will fill up the unevenness on the sealing surface to make the connection tight.

Specifically, the stirring device 3 adopts a shaft-connected vertical structure, including a stirring shaft and a stirrer; the stirring shaft runs through the entire tank structure, and each anaerobic reactor is provided with a stirrer, stirring The mixer and the stirring shaft are connected by bearings.

Specifically, the heat preservation device 4 adopts a jacket for heat preservation, the heat supply medium is water, and the heat supply source includes solar energy, biogas, and alcohol-based fuel.

Specifically, the tank body of the anaerobic reactor is made of carbon steel, and the inner wall of the tank is coated with a polymer coating to prevent corrosion of the tank body.

Specifically, the side wall of each anaerobic reactor is provided with a liquid level gauge communicating with the internal environment for indicating the volume of the reactant.

Specifically, each anaerobic reactor is equipped with a manual inspection port for equipment installation and maintenance.

Specifically, the lid of each anaerobic reactor is equipped with a tube hole for placing equipment such as a pH meter detector, a temperature sensor, and a pressure gauge. These equipment are used to measure various parameters of the material and maintain the Stable operation.

Example

A vertical multi-stage anaerobic reactor, the overall structure of the reactor is a vertical structure composed of three anaerobic reactors, the middle is connected by a flange, and the top cover of each reactor is also connected by a flange. It can make the installation and disassembly of the reactor easier, and the use of the flange can evenly distribute the gravity of the tank, making the center of gravity of the reactor more stable. The communication between the two-stage reactors is controlled by butterfly valves. The top of the top reactor adopts an oval head, and the other two heads use a flat-top conical head. Multiple holes are opened on the top of each reactor to collect the gas generated by the reaction, feed materials, and detect the reaction parameters such as temperature, concentration and pH of the internal reactants. For example, the feeding port, drug feeding port and sampling port can be set, so that the liquid medicine can be added and the reactant sample can be extracted at any time. The bottom of the reactor adopts a conical structure, which can avoid the formation of dead angles and prevent material deposition. The tank structure of the vertical multistage anaerobic reactor is shown in Figure 3.

The tank is made of stainless steel, carbon steel and glass fiber reinforced plastic. FRP has many advantages, such as light weight and high strength, corrosion resistance and good designability, etc., but its shortcomings of low elastic modulus, aging phenomenon and low shear strength are not suitable for the vertical structure in this design. The advantages of stainless steel are corrosion resistance, high temperature resistance and high strength, but the cost is high. Compared with stainless steel, carbon steel is easy to produce, has high strength, and the cost is lower than stainless steel. It is suitable for the tank material of vertical multi-stage anaerobic reactor. Polymer coating to prevent corrosion of the tank.

The reactor lid and sealing method are very important to the reactor. The reactor lid is sealed with an oval head and a flange. The structure of the flange connection is composed of a pair of identical flanges, a gasket in between, and several bolts and nuts. A gasket can be placed between the sealing surfaces of the two flanges. After the nuts are tightened at both ends of the bolts, the surface of the gasket in the middle of the two flanges will be deformed after the specific pressure reaches a certain value, and the unevenness on the sealing surfaces will be filled. , so that the connection is tight and leak-free, and the flange connection is easy to use and can withstand high pressure. It is used as the sealing cover of the reactor, which can effectively maintain the stability of the internal environment and has good airtight performance. Figure 4 shows the flange cover of the vertical multistage anaerobic reactor. Table 1 shows the size of the flange cover selected in this embodiment.

Table 1 Dimensions of the flange cover

The connection between the two reactors is also connected by flanges, so that the flanges can distribute the pressure evenly, which is beneficial to the stability of the tank. When the flange is used for the connection of two reactors, the lower flange is closed, and a round hole is reserved in the middle to allow the stirring shaft to pass through and the discharge port. Figure 5 shows a schematic view of the flange at the connection. Table 2 shows the dimensions of the connecting flanges selected in this embodiment.

Table 2 Dimensions of connecting flange

The application of the butterfly valve can control the connection between the upper reactor and the lower reactor, and the butterfly valve is fixed on the lower surface of the connecting flange with screws. When it is necessary to discharge the material, the butterfly valve can be opened, so that the material can flow to the next stage through the butterfly valve. When the material is discharged, the butterfly valve can be closed. The waterproof and airtightness of the butterfly valve is good, which can effectively prevent the material from the upper level from overflowing to the lower level. Butterfly valve is a kind of valve which uses disc type opening and closing parts to turn back and forth about 90° to open, close or adjust the flow of medium. The advantages of the butterfly valve are simple structure, small size, light weight, easy operation, etc., and it has good flow regulation function during use and good airtight performance when closed.

Butterfly valves can transport slurry in anaerobic reactors, with minimal liquid accumulation at the pipe mouth. At low pressure, a good seal can be achieved. The valve stem is a through-rod structure, which has good comprehensive mechanical properties, corrosion resistance and scratch resistance after quenching and tempering treatment. When the butterfly valve is opened and closed, the valve stem only rotates and does not move up and down. The packing of the valve stem is not easy to damage and the seal is reliable. It is easy to install and can be disassembled and replaced at any time after the butterfly valve exceeds its service life. Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the butterfly valve. Table 3 shows the size of the butterfly valve selected in this embodiment.

Table 3 Butterfly valve size

The overall structure of the vertical multi-stage anaerobic reactor is shown in Figure 1, which is provided with a stirring device 3, a heat preservation device 4 and a supporting structure 1.

This reactor uses the liquid garbage organic matter slurry obtained after the LBP multiphase separation technology to process the liquid mixture of domestic garbage to carry out anaerobic fermentation to produce biogas. There is a liquid level gauge connected to the internal environment next to the reactor at each stage , used to indicate the volume of the reactant. Set manual inspection port for equipment installation and maintenance. And the lid of each reactor is equipped with tube holes for placing pH meter detectors, temperature sensors and pressure gauges to measure various parameters of the feed liquid, so that it can be kept stable in a certain environment. This is conducive to continuous gas production. And during the operation of continuous feeding and continuous discharging, the change of internal environment can be monitored and adjusted. The top of each reactor is equipped with a sampling port to measure the concentration of methane and the parameters of the reactants. An insulation jacket is provided on the outside of each stage of reactor, and insulation water is passed inside to insulate the tank body. There is a feed inlet at the top of each reactor, which is connected in parallel through pipelines, and the raw materials are pumped into the reactor from the bottom respectively. The gas outlet at the top of each stage of reactor is connected with pipes for centralized collection. A strain return port is set at the bottom of the reactor, and the strain can be pumped into the first two-stage reactors through the pipeline with a pump for the return flow of the strain.

The mixed gas produced by the three reactors can be centrally collected by the pipeline. A methane concentration sensor and a three-way solenoid valve are installed at the outlet of the pipeline. When the methane concentration is high and the miscellaneous gas concentration is low, the three-way valve is opened to directly collect methane gas. When the miscellaneous gas concentration is high, the three-way valve is closed, and the miscellaneous gas is discharged directly. Since the first-stage fermentation reactor produces more miscellaneous gas, a methane concentration sensor and a three-way solenoid valve are also installed on the outlet pipe of the first-stage reactor.

The whole reactor is welded with four channel steels 1-2, which are evenly distributed on the outside of the reactor to bear the weight of the reactor, and the base 1-1 made of concrete is used to bear the channel steel, as shown in Figure 2, to maintain the whole reaction process The stability of the medium tank. Channel steel is a long strip of steel with a groove-shaped cross-section. The section steel with a channel shape has better welding, riveting performance and comprehensive mechanical properties in use. It is used in the place where the engineering structure bears a large force, and the channel steel 1-2 in this embodiment is used to bear the weight of the entire reactor. Table 4 and Table 5 are the design parameters of the supporting structure 1 of this embodiment.

Table 4 channel steel parameters

Table 5 Concrete Base Parameters

The organic matter slurry must be in a flowing state during the fermentation process, at this time, the fermenting microorganisms can effectively use the organic matter slurry for anaerobic fermentation, thereby improving the fermentation effect. The stratification of the fermentation broth is not conducive to gas production, so a stirrer is set in the anaerobic reactor. The stirring process can make the raw materials and bacteria evenly dispersed in the reactor, increase the contact surface between microorganisms and raw materials, so as to complete mixing, heat transfer or biochemical reactions in a short period of time. Further increase the speed of anaerobic fermentation and increase the gas production. In addition, it is also beneficial to prevent the floating of biogas residues and promote the emission of _CO2 and methane produced by fermentation. For fermentation reactors with heating devices, stirring is conducive to the transfer of heat energy .

The main function of the agitator is to stir and mix evenly, so that the microorganisms are suspended and dispersed in the material. Stirring can also prevent the accumulation of materials and bacteria, which is conducive to the high-speed and efficient anaerobic fermentation, and at the same time strengthens the heat transfer process.

During the anaerobic reaction, the reactants should be stirred intermittently. There are three ways of stirring, namely mechanical stirring, liquid stirring and gas stirring. In this embodiment, the stirring method adopted is mechanical stirring as required.

Commonly used agitators can be divided into: agitators for low-viscosity fluids (used when the concentration of fermentation reactants is low) and agitators for high-viscosity fluids (suitable for high concentrations of reactants). Low-viscosity fluid agitators include pusher type, paddle type, and disk turbine type. High-viscosity fluid agitators include anchor type, frame type and spiral ribbon type. In this embodiment, the anchor agitator is selected according to the properties of the organic slurry, that is, the organic slurry contains suspended solids and has a high viscosity, and the material is stainless steel. Although the stirring speed of the ribbon agitator is the best and can evenly stir the materials, the processing of the ribbon agitator is difficult and expensive, so it is not considered here. The dimensions of the agitator selected in this embodiment are shown in Table 6. Figure 7 and Figure 8 are schematic structural views of the anchor stirrer.

Table 6 Dimensions of anchor stirrer

The anchor agitator has a simple structure and is suitable for fluid agitators with a viscosity below 100Pa·s. When the fluid viscosity is 10 to 100 Pa·s, a horizontal paddle can be added in the middle of the anchor slurry, which is a frame agitator. The structure of this stirrer can increase the mixing of the reactants in the middle of the container during the stirring process. The anchor frame agitator is characterized by a simple structure and is suitable for materials with high viscosity and large processing capacity. Moreover, when rotating at a low speed, a large shear force can be obtained along the wall surface, which can reduce material settlement and reactant adhesion on the wall surface. The shape of the bottom of the agitator is similar to the structure of the tank body and the bottom bearing in the middle, with only a small gap between them, which can remove the viscous reaction products attached to the tank wall or the solids accumulated at the bottom of the tank, and maintain good heat transfer Effect.

Since this embodiment is a vertical structure with one shaft, the agitator shaft is longer, so the shaft of the agitator is divided into two to three sections for processing, and then the shaft coupling is used to form a firm rigid connection, which is convenient for installation and installation. Disassemble. The rigid coupling has simple structure, low manufacturing cost, convenient assembly, disassembly and maintenance, can ensure high alignment of the two shafts, and can maintain the stability of the tank during the stirring process. According to the requirements of this embodiment, the dimensions of the coupling are shown in Table 7.

Table 7 Coupling size

Bottom bearings are installed at the bottom of each stage of fermenter, the purpose is to fix the shaft to prevent swing without affecting the rotation. Since there is water in the organic slurry, the bearing must have certain leakage resistance and acid and alkali corrosion resistance. Bearings are basic parts and standard parts. Any mechanical equipment that needs to rotate needs the support of bearings. Bearings play the role of anti-friction and load bearing in mechanical equipment. Bearings are generally divided into rolling bearings and sliding bearings. Compared with sliding bearings, rolling bearings have the advantages of small frictional resistance, sensitive start, high efficiency, easy lubrication and easy replacement. The bearings selected in this embodiment are shown in Table 8.

Table 8 Bearing parameters

The heat preservation device 4 of the vertical multi-stage anaerobic reactor of the present embodiment is to use jacket insulation, the heat supply medium is water, and the heat supply source is solar energy, biogas, alcohol-based fuel, etc., and electric heating can also be used as heat source, but consider The problem of power supply load and power supply stability in some rural areas is not considered in this embodiment for the time being. During the anaerobic fermentation reaction, the reliability of the heating of the whole system should be maintained. As a green, renewable and clean energy, solar energy is inexhaustible, environmentally friendly and non-polluting when used in water heaters to heat water. It can operate normally as long as there is sunlight. However, considering the shortcomings of solar water heaters that the heating effect will be poor in cloudy days or in winter, biogas and alcohol-based fuels can be used to provide heat sources in winter. Alcohol-based fuels are accessories of petroleum and are a clean energy source. The products after combustion are carbon dioxide and water, which has no pollution to the environment, and the alcohol-based fuel is easy to process and refine, and the cost is low.

From a theoretical analysis, there are many options for the operation process of the vertical multi-stage anaerobic reactor. According to the previous operation experience of the LBP integrated experimental equipment, the following two process schemes are mainly designed.

Process plan one

Since the liquid garbage organic matter slurry obtained after the LBP multiphase separation technology of the liquid mixture of domestic waste is discontinuous, a storage device for the liquid organic matter slurry is installed at the front end of the vertical multi-stage anaerobic reactor, and the liquid organic matter slurry is stored in the device The acid fermentation is carried out in an anaerobic state. After the acid fermentation is completed, the organic matter slurry is transported to the vertical multi-stage anaerobic reactor by the delivery pump, and the anaerobic fermentation is directly carried out with bacteria inside to produce gas. The overall control flow of this scheme is as follows (the following R1, R2, R3 respectively represent three anaerobic reactors from top to bottom).

(1) In the initial stage of the reaction, 100% of the raw materials are all filled in R1, R2 and R3 to carry out anaerobic reaction.

(2) After stable gas production by fermentation, open the discharge butterfly valve of R3, observe the liquid level gauge of R3, discharge 50% of the fermentation product, and reserve 50% of the fermentation strain. Then open the butterfly valve between R2 and R3 while watching the liquid level gauge in R2, put 50% of the material in R2 into R3 and continue the anaerobic fermentation reaction with the strains reserved in R3. Similarly, put 50% of the materials in R1 into R2 and continue to react with the remaining strains in R2. At this time, in R1, inject 50% of the raw materials into R1 with a delivery pump for fermentation.

(3) After the material is reacted in the above-mentioned reactor for 3 days, repeat step (2) that is, take 3 days as a cycle, continue to produce 50% of the product and feed in 50% of the raw material at the same time, reaching the anaerobic reaction of continuous feeding and discharging process.

Since the material in the reactor flows downward according to 50% of the capacity, the ideal time for 50% of the material to undergo anaerobic fermentation and gas production in each reactor is 6 days, that is, the material in the vertical three-stage anaerobic The reaction period in the oxygen reactor is 18 days.

The advantage of this scheme is that after the acidification reaction in the previous stage of the reactor, it directly enters the reactor to start fermentation and gas production, which can achieve the effect of continuous feeding and continuous discharging, and the gas production is stable and the processing capacity is large, achieving integration Effect.

Process plan two

When the amount of liquid garbage organic matter slurry obtained after treatment by LBP multi-phase separation technology is relatively small, it is not necessary to set up a storage fermentation tank at the front end of the vertical multi-stage anaerobic reactor. The first stage of the vertical multi-stage anaerobic reactor can be used for acid fermentation. After the fermentation is complete, it can be directly put into the lower reactor for anaerobic fermentation to produce gas. The overall process of this scheme is as follows (the following R1, R2, R3 respectively represent three anaerobic reactors from top to bottom).

(1) In the initial stage of the reaction, 100% of the raw materials are filled in R1, and 50% of the prepared bacteria-carrying material is put into R3, that is, the material is hydrolyzed and acidified in R1 to consume oxygen and produce acid;

(2) After 3 days of reaction, open the butterfly valve between R1 and R2 and watch the liquid level gauge in R1 at the same time; put 50% of the raw material in R1 into R2, and pump 25% of the bacteria-carrying material in R3 with a pump React in R2, and then use the delivery pump to transport the remaining 50% of the raw materials in R1 to R3 and react with the remaining bacteria-carrying substances in R3. At this time, R1 is empty, and 75% of the materials in R2 and R3 are depleted Oxygen fermentation reaction.

(3) After 10 days of reaction, fill R1 with raw materials, open the discharge butterfly valve of R3 to discharge 50% of the fermentation products, and reserve 25% of the reactants as strains. Put 50% of the reactants in R2 into R3 to continue the reaction, and then release 50% of the reactants after 3 days of reaction, and put the raw materials that have been fermented in R1 for three days into R2 and R3 respectively. reaction. By repeating step (3) in this way, the anaerobic fermentation reaction can be continued for 16 days as a cycle.

The advantage of this scheme is that the hydrolysis acidification stage and the methanation stage are carried out in a set of reaction equipment in the reaction process, and there is no need to set up a storage tank at the front end of the vertical multi-stage anaerobic reactor, so as to achieve the effect of continuous integrated treatment.

The number and quality of bacteria in anaerobic fermentation directly affect the production of biogas. The setting of the reflux device can effectively use the bacteria in anaerobic fermentation, and can effectively improve the concentration and quality of bacteria in the upper anaerobic fermentation. . In the fermentation process of the vertical multi-stage anaerobic reactor, an anaerobic reaction tank for storing bacteria can be additionally set up, which can prevent a certain stage of the vertical multi-stage anaerobic reactor from breaking down when it stops fermenting or does not produce gas. These strains can be used for priming reactions. During the anaerobic reaction process, it is necessary to measure various parameters of the internal fermentation reactants such as temperature, pH and concentration at any time, so the upper part of the vertical multi-stage anaerobic reactor is reserved for the passage of measuring equipment such as sensors. All measuring equipment and control equipment can be integrated in one circuit board for automatic online monitoring and control. The outside of each stage reactor is provided with a liquid level gauge connected to the inside, which can indicate the capacity of the internal reactant and facilitate operation.

The start of the vertical multi-stage anaerobic reactor can refer to the above two schemes, and the vertical structure can also design a variety of feeding methods. For example, in scheme 1, only 25% of the continuous output is discharged, and 25% of the feed is also fed. , which can shorten the time of feeding and discharging materials to achieve the effect of continuous operation. Since the fermentation effects of different organic wastes are different, it takes a long time to ferment materials that are difficult to ferment, such as more fibers, and the plan for the amount of feed is different. The amount of feed and output should be determined according to the actual situation. control.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present utility model, and are not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made within the scope of the spirit and principle of the present utility model shall be included in the Within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of vertical multi-stage anaerobic reactor, including supporting structure, tank structure, agitating device, attemperator, several pipelines And valve, it is characterised in that: the supporting structure is located at ground, for accepting the weight of entire reactor；The tank structure For the vertical structure being made of several anaerobic reactors, it is located on supporting structure, among two adjacent anaerobic reactors By flanged joint, the connection of two anaerobic reactors is controlled by butterfly valve, is the main place of anaerobic reaction；The agitating device In tank structure, for being uniformly mixed, it is dispersed in microbial suspension in material；The attemperator is located at tank body The surface of structure, for heating tank structure and keeping the temperature in anaerobic reactor；Each anaerobic reactor passes through accordingly Pipeline be connected to the external world, pipeline is equipped with valve, for controlling the opening and closing of pipeline.

2. a kind of vertical multi-stage anaerobic reactor according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the supporting structure includes bottom Seat and channel steel, the pedestal are concreting, are fixed on ground；The channel steel is the strip steel that section is groove type, slot Steel lower part is fixed on the base, and channel steel top is fixedly connected with the bottom of the tank structure, for keeping entire reaction process The stabilization of middle tank body.

3. a kind of vertical multi-stage anaerobic reactor according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: top in the tank structure The top cover of anaerobic reactor uses ellipse shape end socket, and two end sockets up and down of remaining anaerobic reactor are all made of the taper envelope of flat-top Head；The top of each anaerobic reactor is equipped with multiple ducts, gas, charging, the detection internal-response generated for collecting reaction The various response parameters of object；The bottom of bottom anaerobic reactor uses pyramidal structure in the tank structure, for preventing object Material deposition.

4. a kind of vertical multi-stage anaerobic reactor according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: two anaerobic reactors of connection Flange arrangement be made of a pair of identical flange, one gasket of intermediate folder and several bolt and nuts；Two panels flange seal The centre in face can place one piece of gasket, the ratio pressure after nut is tightened at the both ends of bolt, on two flange intermediate washer surfaces It is deformed after reaching certain numerical value, and fills up uneven place on sealing surface, leak connection tightly not.

5. a kind of vertical multi-stage anaerobic reactor according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the agitating device uses one Vertical structure associated with axis, including agitating shaft and blender；The agitating shaft penetrates through entire tank structure, each anaerobic reactor In be equipped with a blender, between blender and agitating shaft pass through bearing connect.

6. a kind of vertical multi-stage anaerobic reactor according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the attemperator is using folder Set heat preservation, heating medium is water, and supplying heat source includes solar energy, biogas, alcohol-based fuel.

7. a kind of vertical multi-stage anaerobic reactor according to any one of claim 1 to 6, it is characterised in that: described to detest The tank body material of oxygen reactor uses carbon steel, and inner tank wall is coated with polymer coating.

8. a kind of vertical multi-stage anaerobic reactor according to claim 7, it is characterised in that: the side of each anaerobic reactor The liquidometer of connection internal environment is designed on wall.

9. a kind of vertical multi-stage anaerobic reactor according to claim 7, it is characterised in that: each anaerobic reactor is set There is artificial access hole.

10. a kind of vertical multi-stage anaerobic reactor according to claim 7, it is characterised in that: each anaerobic reactor Pore is designed on lid, by placing survey meter based on PH, temperature sensor and pressure gauge.