CN209166849U - A kind of universal seed-metering performance detector - Google Patents

A kind of universal seed-metering performance detector Download PDF

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Publication number
CN209166849U
CN209166849U CN201822230893.5U CN201822230893U CN209166849U CN 209166849 U CN209166849 U CN 209166849U CN 201822230893 U CN201822230893 U CN 201822230893U CN 209166849 U CN209166849 U CN 209166849U
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seed
feed mechanism
fixed
fixed plate
circular shaft
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杨丽
解春季
张东兴
崔涛
张凯良
钟翔君
丁友强
李玉环
魏亚男
杜一童
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China Agricultural University
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China Agricultural University
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Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of universal seed-metering performance detectors, including main monitor station, feed mechanism for seed bracket and feed mechanism for seed fixed plate, main monitor station is divided into the external structure including outer housing, touch screen and operation button and the internal structure including support device, control driving device;Feed mechanism for seed bracket is for assembling the feed mechanism for seed fixed plate, and the feed mechanism for seed bracket includes multiple long through slots and thread spindle, for adjusting the position of the feed mechanism for seed fixed plate, to realize fixing and moving up and down for a variety of feed mechanism for seeds.The utility model has good versatility and popularization, can detecte all kinds of feed mechanism for seeds;Utilize PLC control system, in conjunction with touch screen, frequency converter, motor, driver and sensor detecting device, it realizes and real-time and precise detection is carried out to feed mechanism for seed qualification rate, replay rate, leakage sowing rate, the average major parameters such as spacing in the rows and the coefficient of variation, and parameter input is realized by touch screen and the results show that realizes the quickly functions such as detection and real-time display.

Description

A kind of universal seed-metering performance detector
Technical field
The utility model belongs to agricultural mechanical field, particularly, is related to a kind of universal seed-metering performance detector.
Background technique
Agricultural is the basis of national economy, is play an important role in social economy.With the development of economic science and technology, agricultural Gradually develop towards information-based, intelligent, scientific modernization direction.Precision agriculture has become necessarily becoming for agricultural development Gesture, and precision drilling is wherein occupying an important ring, is the important channel of agricultural modernization increasing both production and income.Feed mechanism for seed conduct The core component of seeder, is basis and the key for realizing precision drilling, and the quality of performance determines broadcasting for seeder for direct Kind effect.In conclusion how to carry out quick real-time detection to seed sowing device performance becomes the key of precision drilling link.
Currently, development of the China in seeding apparatus of seeder detection technique also falls behind relatively compared with external, to a certain extent Affect the development of seeding machinery.In addition, it is domestic the detection of seed sowing device performance is also limited only at present it is a certain or a certain The detection of class feed mechanism for seed does not have versatility and popularization, this also constrains the hair of feed mechanism for seed detection technique to a certain extent Exhibition.
It would therefore be highly desirable to design a kind of novel universal seed-metering performance detector, quickly various types can be arranged in real time Kind device performance is detected, and at least to solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art, is developed to Tendency of Agricultural Machinery in Chinaization Process has important practical significance.
Summary of the invention
The utility model aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art.For this purpose, the utility model mentions A kind of universal seed-metering performance detector out, including main monitor station 1, feed mechanism for seed bracket 2 and feed mechanism for seed fixed plate 3, the main inspection Scaffold tower 1 divides for external structure and internal structure, and external structure includes outer housing 101, touch screen 102 and operation button, internal junction Structure includes support device, control driving device;The feed mechanism for seed bracket 2 is for assembling the feed mechanism for seed fixed plate 3, the seeding Device bracket 2 includes multiple long through slots and thread spindle, for adjusting the position of the feed mechanism for seed fixed plate 3, to realize a variety of seedings Device being fixed and moving up and down.
Further, the control driving device includes PLC controller 109, motor driver 112, frequency converter 113, wind Machine 116, motor 118, retarder 119, shaft coupling 120.
Further, the shaft coupling 120 is assemblied on the retarder 119, and the rotation axis connection with feed mechanism for seed, institute It states retarder 119 and the motor 118 is fixed.
Further, the frequency converter 113 for realizing 116 air quantity of blower change.
Further, the PLC controller 109 changes motor by motor driver 112 according to the program write in advance 118 revolving speed changes the air quantity of blower 116 by frequency converter 113 and handles the data of detection.
Further, the feed mechanism for seed bracket 2 includes the horizontal barrel 201 of circular shaft, feed mechanism for seed fixed barrel 202, circular shaft branch The fixed barrel 205 of support leg 203, pedestal support beam 204, grain conductor circular shaft, the fixed barrel 206 of grain conductor and detection grain conductor 207。
Further, described 203 one end of circular shaft supporting leg is thread spindle, and the other end and the pedestal support beam 204 are welded Connect fixation;Described horizontal 201 one end of barrel of circular shaft is set as round tube hole, is axially provided with long through slot, the other end is provided with smooth Circular shaft, the one end for being provided with the round tube hole are matched with thread spindle one end of the circular shaft supporting leg 203, are provided with the light One end of sliding circular shaft and the main monitor station 1 cooperate.
Further, fixed 202 both ends of barrel of the feed mechanism for seed are disposed as round tube hole, are axially provided with long through slot, lead to It is fixed across the round tube hole and the horizontal barrel 201 of the circular shaft to cross bolt;There is detection to sense on the detection grain conductor 207 Device, for detecting the planting of feed mechanism for seed, the detection grain conductor 207 is fixed on the grain conductor with band and fixes on barrel 206.
Further, fixed 205 one end of barrel of the grain conductor circular shaft is set as thread spindle, and the other end is set as plane, Axially it is provided with long through slot;Fixed 206 both ends of barrel of the grain conductor are disposed as round tube hole, are axially provided with long through slot, lead to It is fixed across the round tube hole and the horizontal barrel 201 of the circular shaft to cross bolt;The screw thread of the fixed barrel 205 of the grain conductor circular shaft Axis passes through the long through slot of the fixed barrel 206 of the grain conductor and affixed by nut.
Further, the feed mechanism for seed fixed plate 3 is divided fixes for bucket wheel type seeding unit fixed plate 301, finger-clipping type seed metering device Plate 302, Pneumatic seeding apparatus fixed plate 303, the part that the bucket wheel type seeding unit fixed plate 301 is used to fix feed mechanism for seed have four A long slot hole, for remainder by the part of bending and fixed feed mechanism for seed at an angle of 90 degrees, bottom end is provided with long slot hole, passes through spiral shell Bolt is fixed in the feed mechanism for seed bracket 2;The part that the finger-clipping type seed metering device fixed plate 302 is used to fix feed mechanism for seed is set as U-typed, both sides are provided with long slot hole, remainder by bending and with the part of fixed feed mechanism for seed at an angle of 90 degrees, two Base angle is each provided with round tube hole, is bolted on feed mechanism for seed bracket 2;The Pneumatic seeding apparatus fixed plate 303 is whole to be set It is set to U-typed, top two sides are provided with the first long slot hole, and for fixing feed mechanism for seed, first long slot hole is for adjusting Two base angles of lower position, the Pneumatic seeding apparatus fixed plate 303 are provided with the second long slot hole, are fixed in institute by bolt State feed mechanism for seed bracket 2.The utility model has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
1) there is good versatility and popularization, can detecte all kinds of feed mechanism for seeds, such as bucket wheel type seeding unit, finger-clipped Feed mechanism for seed, air-suction seeding unit etc.;
2) PLC control system is utilized, detects and fills in conjunction with touchscreen configuration control, frequency converter, motor, driver and sensor It sets, realizes and feed mechanism for seed qualification rate, replay rate, leakage sowing rate, the average major parameters such as spacing in the rows and the coefficient of variation are carried out in real time Precisely detection, and parameter input is realized by touch screen and the results show that realizes the quickly functions such as detection and real-time display.
Detailed description of the invention
The above-mentioned and/or additional aspect and advantage of the utility model from the description of the embodiment in conjunction with the following figures will Become obvious and be readily appreciated that, in which:
Fig. 1 is a kind of external structure schematic diagram of the main monitor station of universal seed-metering performance detector of the utility model;
Fig. 2 is a kind of schematic diagram of internal structure of the main monitor station of universal seed-metering performance detector of the utility model;
Fig. 3 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of the feed mechanism for seed bracket of universal seed-metering performance detector of the utility model;
Fig. 4 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of the feed mechanism for seed fixed plate of universal seed-metering performance detector of the utility model;
Fig. 5 is that a kind of detection of universal seed-metering performance detector test bucket wheel type seeding unit of the utility model is totally tied Structure schematic diagram;
Fig. 6 is a kind of structural representation of universal seed-metering performance detector test finger-clipping type seed metering device of the utility model Figure;
Fig. 7 is that a kind of overall structure of universal seed-metering performance detector test Pneumatic seeding apparatus of the utility model is shown It is intended to;
Wherein, the appended drawing reference in attached drawing are as follows:
The main monitor station of 1-, 101- outer housing, 102- touch screen, 103- scram button, 104- start button 105- blower wind Amount knob, 106- right support, 107- left support, 108- crossbeam, 109-PLC controller, 110- Switching Power Supply, 111- upper supporting plate, 112- motor driver, 113- frequency converter 114- lower carrier plate, 115- universal travel wheel, 116- blower, 117- ventilation duct, 118- electricity Machine, 119- retarder, 120- shaft coupling, 121- retarder support;
2- feed mechanism for seed bracket, the horizontal barrel of 201- circular shaft, the fixed barrel of 202- feed mechanism for seed, 203- circular shaft supporting leg, 204- Pedestal support beam, the fixed barrel of 205- grain conductor circular shaft, the fixed barrel of 206- grain conductor, 207- detect grain conductor;
3- feed mechanism for seed fixed plate, 301- bucket wheel type seeding unit fixed plate, 302- finger-clipping type seed metering device fixed plate, 303- strength Formula feed mechanism for seed fixed plate.
Specific embodiment
The embodiments of the present invention are described below in detail, examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein from beginning Same or similar element or element with the same or similar functions are indicated to same or similar label eventually.Below by ginseng The embodiment for examining attached drawing description is exemplary, and is only used for explaining the utility model, and should not be understood as to the utility model Limitation.
Below with reference to embodiment and attached drawing 1-4, specific embodiment of the present utility model is explained in further detail.
For realization the purpose of this utility model, it is achieved using following technical scheme:
A kind of universal seed-metering performance detector, is arranged to vertical cabinet shape, mainly includes main monitor station 1, feed mechanism for seed Bracket 2 and feed mechanism for seed fixed plate 3.Wherein, as depicted in figs. 1 and 2, main monitor station 1 divides for external structure and internal structure, outside Structure mainly includes outer housing 101, touch screen 102 and operation button, and internal structure includes control driving device, and main includes branch Support arrangement, power switch 110, motor driver 112, frequency converter 113, blower 116, motor 118, slows down at PLC controller 109 Device 119 and shaft coupling 120 etc.;
The touch screen 102 can input parameter, need to adjust at any time according to the detection of different feed mechanism for seeds;
The operation button includes scram button 103, start button 104 and fan delivery knob 105, they are fixed in The outer housing 101;
The support device is to be passed through by right support 106, left support 107, crossbeam 108, upper supporting plate 111 and lower carrier plate 114 The general frame being welded to form, it is ensured that the stability of the detector;
The PLC controller 109, Switching Power Supply 110 and motor driver 112 are fixed in the upper supporting plate 111 with bolt;
The shaft coupling 120 is assemblied on retarder 119, convenient for the rotation axis connection with feed mechanism for seed;
The retarder 119 is fixed by bolt and retarder support 121 and motor 118, and is fixed on described jointly Supporting plate 111;
Preferably, 121 right side of retarder support is 10~15mm apart from 101 inner wall of outer housing;
The frequency converter 113 and blower 116 are fixed in the lower carrier plate 114 by bolt, and wind may be implemented in frequency converter 113 The change of 116 air force of machine;
The ventilation duct 117 is plugged on the blower 116, can be used blower 116 real when detecting Pneumatic seeding apparatus Existing positive pressure and negative pressure;
As control system, the PLC controller 109 can be changed according to the program write in advance by motor driver 112 The revolving speed of power transformation machine 118 changes the air quantity of blower 116 by frequency converter 113 and handles the data of detection, and will knot It is shown in when fruit on touch screen 102, more intuitively observes testing result;
Preferably, the detector further includes several (preferably 4) universal travel wheels 115, they pass through bolt It is fixed in the bottom of right support 106 and left support 107, convenient for the movement of detector.
As shown in figure 3, the feed mechanism for seed bracket 2 mainly includes the horizontal barrel 201 of circular shaft, the fixed barrel 202 of feed mechanism for seed, circle Kind is led in the fixed barrel 205 of axis supporting leg 203, pedestal support beam 204, grain conductor circular shaft, the fixed barrel 206 of grain conductor and detection Pipe 207 etc..
Described 203 one end of circular shaft supporting leg is thread spindle, and the other end is welded and fixed with pedestal support beam 204;
Described horizontal 201 one end of barrel of circular shaft is set as round tube hole, is axially provided with long through slot, effect is being capable of basis It needs to adjust installation site, and then realizes and detect different types of feed mechanism for seed, the other end is provided with smooth circular shaft, and it is logical to be provided with circle The one end in hole and thread spindle one end matching merga pass nut of the circular shaft supporting leg 203 are affixed, are provided with smooth circular shaft One end is inserted into the hole of the right support 106 of the main monitor station 1, realizes cooperation;
Fixed 202 both ends of barrel of the feed mechanism for seed are disposed as round tube hole, are axially provided with long through slot, both ends pass through spiral shell Bolt passes through the round tube hole and the long through slot of the horizontal barrel 201 of the circular shaft realizes fixation;
There is detection sensor on the detection grain conductor 207, can detecte the planting of feed mechanism for seed, detection grain conductor 207 is used Band is fixed on the fixed barrel 206 of the grain conductor, adjusts fixed position at any time using fixed can according to need of band;
Fixed 205 one end of barrel of the grain conductor circular shaft is set as thread spindle, and the other end is set as plane, is axially provided with Long through slot;
Fixed 206 both ends of barrel of the grain conductor are disposed as round tube hole, are axially provided with long through slot, both ends pass through spiral shell Bolt passes through the round tube hole and the long through slot of the horizontal barrel 201 of the circular shaft realizes fixation;
The thread spindle of the fixed barrel 205 of the grain conductor circular shaft passes through the long through slot of the fixed barrel 206 of the grain conductor simultaneously It is affixed by nut.
It should be noted that the long through slot and screw thread shaft design are for facilitating installing and dismounting and adjustment position Set, become more flexible and convenient, while providing possibility for the feed mechanism for seed of fixing different types, so realize feed mechanism for seed with Main monitor station 1 and the cooperation for detecting grain conductor 207.
As shown in figure 4, feed mechanism for seed fixed plate 3 is broadly divided into bucket wheel type seeding unit fixed plate 301, finger-clipping type seed metering device is fixed The types such as plate 302, Pneumatic seeding apparatus fixed plate 303.
It should be noted that may be implemented more by the cooperation of the feed mechanism for seed bracket 2 and the feed mechanism for seed fixed plate 3 The movement of the fixation and feed mechanism for seed of kind of feed mechanism for seed up and down, and then can be realized and the drive shaft of main monitor station 1 cooperates.
The detection of different type feed mechanism for seed is described in detail in 5-7 with reference to the accompanying drawing.
When needing to detect bucket wheel type seeding unit, monitor station is as shown in figure 5, such as Fig. 4 institute of bucket wheel type seeding unit fixed plate 301 Show;
There are four long slot holes for part of the bucket wheel type seeding unit fixed plate 301 for fixing feed mechanism for seed, can be applicable in not With the bucket wheel type seeding unit of model, by the part of bending and fixed feed mechanism for seed at an angle of 90 degrees, bottom end is provided with remainder Long slot hole is fixed on barrel 202 by the feed mechanism for seed that bolt is fixed in the feed mechanism for seed bracket 2;
Bucket wheel type seeding unit is fixed in the bucket wheel type seeding unit fixed plate 301 by bolt, do not need at this time using Blower 116 on main monitor station 1.
When needing to detect finger-clipping type seed metering device, monitor station is as shown in fig. 6, such as Fig. 4 institute of finger-clipping type seed metering device fixed plate 302 Show;
The part that the finger-clipping type seed metering device fixed plate 302 is used to fix feed mechanism for seed is set as U-typed, and both sides are provided with Long slot hole, can be applicable in the finger-clipping type seed metering device of different model, remainder by bending and with the part of fixed feed mechanism for seed at An angle of 90 degrees, two base angle are each provided with round tube hole, are bolted on the fixed barrel 202 of feed mechanism for seed of feed mechanism for seed bracket 2 On;
Finger-clipping type seed metering device is fixed by bolts in finger-clipping type seed metering device fixed plate 302, is not needed at this time using main detection Blower 116 on platform 1.
When needing to detect Pneumatic seeding apparatus, monitor station is as shown in fig. 7, such as Fig. 4 institute of Pneumatic seeding apparatus fixed plate 303 Show;
303 whole installation of Pneumatic seeding apparatus fixed plate is U-typed, and top two sides are provided with long slot hole, are used for Fixed feed mechanism for seed, for adjusting upper and lower position, two base angles of the Pneumatic seeding apparatus fixed plate 303 are all provided with the long slot hole It is equipped with long slot hole, on the fixed barrel 202 of feed mechanism for seed for being fixed in the feed mechanism for seed bracket 2 by bolt;
Pneumatic seeding apparatus is fixed in the Pneumatic seeding apparatus fixed plate 303 by bolt, is needed at this time using master Blower 116 on monitor station 1, therefore 117 one end of ventilation duct is inserted on blower 116, the other end is inserted on Pneumatic seeding apparatus, is mentioned For positive pressure or negative pressure.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that: it can in the case where not departing from the principles of the present invention and objective To carry out a variety of change, modification, replacement and modification to these embodiments, the scope of the utility model is by claim and its is equal Object limits.
In the description of this specification, reference term " one embodiment ", " some embodiments ", " illustrative examples ", The description of " example ", " specific example " or " some examples " etc. means specific features described in conjunction with this embodiment or example, knot Structure, material or feature are contained at least one embodiment or example of the utility model.In the present specification, to above-mentioned art The schematic representation of language may not refer to the same embodiment or example.Moreover, description specific features, structure, material or Person's feature can be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more of the embodiments or examples.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of universal seed-metering performance detector, including main monitor station (1), feed mechanism for seed bracket (2) and feed mechanism for seed fixed plate (3), which is characterized in that
The main monitor station (1) is divided into external structure and internal structure, and external structure includes outer housing (101), touch screen (102) And operation button, internal structure include support device, control driving device;
For the feed mechanism for seed bracket (2) for assembling the feed mechanism for seed fixed plate (3), the feed mechanism for seed bracket (2) includes multiple length Through slot and thread spindle, for adjusting the position of the feed mechanism for seed fixed plate (3), with realize a variety of feed mechanism for seeds fixation and up and down It moves left and right.
2. universal seed-metering performance detector according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the control driving device includes PLC controller (109), motor driver (112), frequency converter (113), blower (116), motor (118), retarder (119), connection Axis device (120).
3. universal seed-metering performance detector according to claim 2, which is characterized in that shaft coupling (120) assembly On the retarder (119), and the rotation axis connection with feed mechanism for seed, the retarder (119) and the motor (118) are solid It is fixed.
4. universal seed-metering performance detector according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the frequency converter (113) is used for Realize the change of the blower (116) air quantity.
5. universal seed-metering performance detector according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the PLC controller (109) is pressed According to the program write in advance, change the revolving speed of motor (118) by motor driver (112), changes wind by frequency converter (113) The air quantity of machine (116) and the data of detection are handled.
6. universal seed-metering performance detector according to claim 2, which is characterized in that feed mechanism for seed bracket (2) packet It includes the horizontal barrel of circular shaft (201), feed mechanism for seed fixed barrel (202), circular shaft supporting leg (203), pedestal support beam (204), lead Kind pipe circular shaft fixed barrel (205), grain conductor fixed barrel (206) and detection grain conductor (207).
7. universal seed-metering performance detector according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the circular shaft supporting leg (203) One end is thread spindle, and the other end is welded and fixed with the pedestal support beam (204);The described horizontal barrel of circular shaft (201) one end It is set as round tube hole, is axially provided with long through slot, the other end is provided with smooth circular shaft, is provided with one end and the institute of the round tube hole The thread spindle one end for stating circular shaft supporting leg (203) matches, be provided with the smooth circular shaft one end and the main monitor station (1) Cooperation.
8. universal seed-metering performance detector according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the fixed barrel of the feed mechanism for seed (202) both ends are disposed as round tube hole, are axially provided with long through slot, pass through the round tube hole by bolt and the circular shaft is horizontal Barrel (201) is fixed;There is detection sensor on the detection grain conductor (207), for detecting the planting of feed mechanism for seed, the detection Grain conductor (207) is fixed on the grain conductor with band and fixes on barrel (206).
9. universal seed-metering performance detector according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the grain conductor circular shaft fixing groove Pipe (205) one end is set as thread spindle, and the other end is set as plane, is axially provided with long through slot;The fixed barrel of the grain conductor (206) both ends are disposed as round tube hole, are axially provided with long through slot, pass through the round tube hole by bolt and the circular shaft is horizontal Barrel (201) is fixed;It is fixed barrel (206) that the thread spindle of the grain conductor circular shaft fixed barrel (205) passes through the grain conductor Long through slot and by nut it is affixed.
10. universal seed-metering performance detector according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the feed mechanism for seed fixed plate (3) It is divided into bucket wheel type seeding unit fixed plate (301), finger-clipping type seed metering device fixed plate (302), Pneumatic seeding apparatus fixed plate (303), Wherein,
The bucket wheel type seeding unit fixed plate (301) is used to fix the part of feed mechanism for seed there are four long slot hole, and remainder passes through At an angle of 90 degrees, bottom end is provided with long slot hole, is fixed in the feed mechanism for seed branch by bolt for the part of bending and fixed feed mechanism for seed Frame (2);
The part that the finger-clipping type seed metering device fixed plate (302) is used to fix feed mechanism for seed is set as U-typed, and both sides are provided with length Slot, for remainder by bending and with the part of fixed feed mechanism for seed at an angle of 90 degrees, two base angle is each provided with round tube hole, leads to It crosses bolt and is fixed on feed mechanism for seed bracket (2);
Pneumatic seeding apparatus fixed plate (303) whole installation is U-typed, and top two sides are provided with the first long slot hole, is used In fixed feed mechanism for seed, first long slot hole is for adjusting upper and lower position, and two of the Pneumatic seeding apparatus fixed plate (303) Base angle is provided with the second long slot hole, is fixed in the feed mechanism for seed bracket (2) by bolt.
CN201822230893.5U 2018-12-28 2018-12-28 A kind of universal seed-metering performance detector Active CN209166849U (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109387388A (en) * 2018-12-28 2019-02-26 中国农业大学 A kind of universal seed-metering performance detector
CN112086005A (en) * 2020-08-20 2020-12-15 昆明理工大学 Small-sized seed subset row type seed metering device test bed

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109387388A (en) * 2018-12-28 2019-02-26 中国农业大学 A kind of universal seed-metering performance detector
CN109387388B (en) * 2018-12-28 2024-01-12 中国农业大学 Universal seed metering performance detector
CN112086005A (en) * 2020-08-20 2020-12-15 昆明理工大学 Small-sized seed subset row type seed metering device test bed

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