CN209098455U - An ecological test system for treating farmland drainage water quality - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses an ecological test system for treating farmland drainage water quality. The upper surface of the concrete impermeable layer is provided with planting holes, and emergent plants are planted in the planting holes; the bottom of the ditch is sequentially laid with a second aquifer layer, a soil layer and a second filter layer from bottom to top. Submerged plants are planted; the water outlet end of the drainage ditch is connected with a water collection tank, and the water collection tank is connected with a purification chamber through a water inlet pipe, and the water outlet end of the water inlet pipe is located at the upper end of the purification chamber. Biological activated carbon layer. The utility model collects surface runoff and soil drainage, preliminary absorbs and removes pollutants through aquatic plants planted in the drainage ditch, and then uses biological activated carbon and porous ceramic particles to carry out advanced treatment in the purification room, and finally makes farmland drainage up to standard discharge.

Description

An ecological test system for treating farmland drainage water quality

technical field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of water environmental protection, in particular to an ecological test system for treating farmland drainage water quality.

Background technique

Non-point source pollution of farmland in my country has become one of the main sources of environmental pollution. The eutrophication of water bodies caused by the loss of nitrogen and phosphorus in farmland has become an important source of water pollution. Nitrogen, phosphorus and other pollutants in farmland mainly pass through farmland runoff or leaching Leakage and other means enter the farmland drainage system and pollute the water body, and its discharge is difficult to control and difficult to treat centrally. At present, it is difficult to build a simple and effective farmland drainage water quality ecological test system to study the farmland drainage status and take corresponding measures to treat the farmland drainage, so as to make it discharge up to the standard and reduce the pollution to the water body. Therefore, how to construct an ecological test system for farmland drainage water quality is a key problem to solve non-point source pollution of farmland, and it is also a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved by those skilled in the art.

Utility model content

The purpose of the utility model is to provide an ecological test system for treating farmland drainage water quality, which solves the problem that it is difficult to construct a simple and effective farmland drainage water quality ecological test system in the prior art to study farmland drainage conditions and take corresponding measures to improve farmland drainage conditions. Drainage handling issues.

The utility model provides an ecological test system for treating farmland drainage water quality. , the bottom of the ditch is a concrete impermeable structure, each of the ditch walls is arranged at an obtuse angle with the bottom of the ditch, and each of the ditch walls includes a geonet layer, a first filter layer, The first water storage layer and the concrete impermeable layer, the upper surface of the concrete impermeable layer is provided with a plurality of planting holes, and emergent plants are planted in the planting holes; the inner surface of the trench bottom is sequentially laid from bottom to top There are a second water storage layer, a soil layer and a second filter layer, and the second filter layer is planted with submerged plants;

The water outlet end of the drainage ditch is connected with a water collection tank, and the water collection tank is connected with a purification chamber through a water inlet pipe, a lifting pump is arranged on the water inlet pipe, and the water outlet end of the water inlet pipe is located at the upper end of the purification chamber, so The purification chamber is provided with a porous ceramic filler layer and a biologically activated carbon layer from bottom to top, and a water outlet pipe is provided at the lower end of the purification chamber.

Preferably, the obtuse angle formed by each of the groove wall and the groove bottom is 120°.

Preferably, both the first filter layer and the second filter layer are cobblestone layers, and the particle size of the cobblestone is 3-5 cm.

Preferably, the first aquifer and the second aquifer are both aquifer layers.

Preferably, a shower head is communicated with the water outlet end of the water inlet pipe.

Preferably, a filter screen is provided at one end of the water outlet pipe located in the purification chamber.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present utility model are:

The new farmland drainage ditch of the utility model can well collect surface runoff and soil drainage, and preliminary absorption and removal of chemical fertilizers, pesticides and ammonia nitrogen in the farmland drainage are carried out by the aquatic plants planted in the drainage ditch, and then the indoor biological activated carbon and Porous ceramic particles undergo advanced treatment, and finally a simple and efficient farmland drainage water quality ecological test system is constructed, so that farmland drainage can be discharged up to the standard.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the ecological test system of the treatment farmland drainage water quality provided by the utility model;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of drainage ditch in the ecological test system for treating farmland drainage water quality provided by the present invention;

3 is a schematic structural diagram of a concrete impermeable layer in an ecological test system for treating farmland drainage water quality provided by the present invention.

Description of reference numerals: 1-ditch bottom, 2-geonet layer, 3-first filter layer, 4-first aquifer, 5-concrete impermeable layer, 6-planting hole, 7-emergent plant, 8 -Second aquifer, 9-soil layer, 10-second filter layer, 11-submerged plants, 12-water inlet pipe, 13-lift pump, 14-porous ceramic packing layer, 15-biological activated carbon layer, 16- Outlet pipe, 17- drain, 18- sump, 19- sprinkler.

Detailed ways

The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but it should be understood that the protection scope of the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments.

An ecological test system for treating farmland drainage water quality, as shown in Figures 1-3, includes a drainage ditch 17, a water collection tank 18 and a purification room. The drainage ditch 17 includes two oppositely arranged ditch walls and a bottom connecting the two ditch walls. One end of the ditch bottom 1 is connected to the outermost end of one ditch wall, and the other end is connected to the outermost end of the other ditch wall. The ditch bottom 1 is a concrete impermeable structure, so as to ensure that the The water that seeps into the drainage ditch 17 can only enter the drainage ditch 17 from the ditch wall.

Each ditch wall is arranged at an obtuse angle of 120° with the ditch bottom 1 , so that the surface runoff can enter the drainage ditch 17 smoothly without causing a big impact on the plants in the ditch.

Each trench wall includes a geonet layer 2, a first filter layer 3, a first water storage layer 4 and a concrete impermeable layer 5 sequentially arranged from outside to inside. The upper surface of the concrete impermeable layer 5 is provided with a plurality of planting holes 6. Emergent plants 7 are planted in the planting hole 6; wherein, the first filter layer 3 is a cobblestone layer, and the particle size of the cobblestone is 3-5cm. The geonet layer 2 can fix the soil in contact with it, which is beneficial to the laying of other functional layers. The first filter layer 3 can filter the surface runoff and the water discharged into the drainage ditch 17 inside the soil to prevent the farmland soil from entering with the water flow. Drainage ditch 17, thereby avoiding soil erosion; the first aquifer 4 is a water-storage clay layer with a water absorption rate of 88%, which can store a large amount of water during rainfall, and when the amount of water in the drainage ditch 17 is small, the first water storage The water accumulated in the layer 4 can meet the needs of the emergent plants 7 in the planting holes 6; the concrete impermeable layer 5 can collect the inflowing water in the drainage ditch 17, and then discharge uniformly; the upper surface of the concrete impermeable layer 5 is provided with There are a plurality of planting holes 6, and emergent plants 7, such as reeds, calamus, cress, etc., are planted in the planting holes 6. The emergent plants 7 can effectively absorb the fertilizers and pesticides in the water entering the drainage ditch 17, and there are also The function of denitrification and dephosphorization can purify the water quality in the drainage ditch 17.

A second water storage layer 8, a soil layer 9 and a second filter layer 10 are laid on the ditch bottom 1 in turn from bottom to top, and the second filter layer 10 is planted with submerged plants 11, such as bitter grass, hornwort, black algae etc.; the second aquifer 8 is a clay layer for water storage, and the function is the same as that of the first aquifer 4, the soil layer 9 is to provide the substrate required for the growth of submerged plants 11, the second filter layer 10 is a cobblestone layer, and the The particle size is 3-5cm, the second filter layer 10 can press the soil layer 9 to prevent it from being lost by the impact of the water flow, and the submerged plants 11 have the same functions as the emergent plants 7, and can effectively absorb the water entering the drainage ditch 17. Chemical fertilizers and pesticides, as well as nitrogen and phosphorus removal functions, purify the water quality in the drainage ditch 17.

The water outlet end of the drainage ditch 17 is connected with a water collection tank 18, and the water collection tank 18 is connected with a purification chamber through the water inlet pipe 12. The water inlet pipe 12 is provided with a lift pump 13, and the water outlet end of the water inlet pipe 12 is located at the upper end of the purification chamber. A porous ceramic filler layer 14 and a biologically activated carbon layer 15 are respectively provided on the top, and a water outlet pipe 16 is provided at the lower end of the purification chamber. A part of the chemical fertilizers, pesticides, nitrogen and phosphorus in the water discharged from the drainage ditch 17 has been removed, and the effluent also contains a small amount of the above pollutants. It is then lifted by the lift pump 13 to the purification room for treatment. Under the action of the biological activated carbon layer 15 set in the purification room, the organic pollutants, nitrogen and phosphorus in the water are degraded by microorganisms and adsorbed by the activated carbon, so that the water quality is greatly improved. Purify. The purified water flows down into the porous ceramic packing layer 14. The porous ceramic particles in the porous ceramic packing layer 14 have more voids and larger surface area, so that the remaining pollutants can be adsorbed, so that the water quality can be discharged up to the standard.

The water outlet end of the water inlet pipe 12 is connected with a shower head 19, which can make the water distribution uniform and is beneficial to improve the treatment efficiency.

One end of the water outlet pipe 16 located in the purification chamber is provided with a filter screen, which is used to intercept the porous ceramic particles in the porous ceramic packing layer 14 to prevent them from being lost with the outlet water.

In the present utility model, the above disclosures are only specific embodiments of the present utility model, but the embodiments of the present utility model are not limited thereto, and any changes that can be conceived by those skilled in the art should fall into the protection of the present utility model. scope.

Claims (6)

1. an ecological test system for processing farmland drainage water quality, is characterized in that, comprises drainage ditch (17), sump (18) and purifying room, and described drainage ditch (17) comprises two ditch walls arranged oppositely and connects The ditch bottoms (1) at the bottom ends of the two ditch walls, the ditch bottoms (1) are concrete impermeable structures, each of the ditch walls and the ditch bottom (1) are arranged at an obtuse angle, and each of the The walls of the ditch all comprise a geonet layer (2), a first filter layer (3), a first water storage layer (4) and a concrete impermeable layer (5) which are arranged in sequence from the outside to the inside, and the concrete impermeable layer (5) The upper surface of ) is provided with a plurality of planting holes (6), and emergent plants (7) are planted in the planting holes (6); a water layer (8), a soil layer (9) and a second filter layer (10), wherein submerged plants (11) are planted in the second filter layer (10); The water outlet end of the drainage ditch (17) is connected with a water collecting tank (18), the water collecting tank (18) is connected with a purification chamber through a water inlet pipe (12), and a lift pump (13) is arranged on the water inlet pipe (12). ), and the water outlet end of the water inlet pipe (12) is located at the upper end of the purification chamber, and the purification chamber is provided with a porous ceramic filler layer (14) and a biological activated carbon layer (15) from bottom to top, respectively. The lower end is provided with a water outlet pipe (16). 2 . The ecological test system for treating farmland drainage water quality according to claim 1 , wherein the obtuse angle formed by each of the ditch wall and the ditch bottom ( 1 ) is 120°. 3 . 3. The ecological test system for treating farmland drainage water quality according to claim 1, wherein the first filter layer (3) and the second filter layer (10) are cobblestone layers, and the cobblestone The particle size is 3-5cm. 4 . The ecological test system for treating farmland drainage water quality according to claim 1 , wherein the first aquifer ( 4 ) and the second aquifer ( 8 ) are both water-storage clay layers. 5 . 5 . The ecological test system for treating farmland drainage water quality according to claim 1 , wherein a shower head ( 19 ) is communicated with the water outlet end of the water inlet pipe ( 12 ). 6 . 6. The ecological test system for treating farmland drainage water quality according to claim 1, wherein a filter screen is provided at one end of the water outlet pipe (16) located in the purification chamber.