CN209056165U - A kind of locomotive sand-spraying test fixture - Google Patents
A kind of locomotive sand-spraying test fixture Download PDFInfo
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- CN209056165U CN209056165U CN201821288376.7U CN201821288376U CN209056165U CN 209056165 U CN209056165 U CN 209056165U CN 201821288376 U CN201821288376 U CN 201821288376U CN 209056165 U CN209056165 U CN 209056165U
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- valve
- stucco
- sand
- gas circuit
- electric pneumatic
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a kind of locomotive sand-spraying test fixtures, belong to railway locomotive technical field.It includes high pressure gas holder, sub-control box and sand warehouse, and supporting leg is equipped with below sand warehouse, and sand bar bottom is equipped with sanding valve, and sanding valve has air inlet and sand export；Sub-control box includes cabinet, wind pressure sensor and stucco electric pneumatic valve, and there is cabinet gas circuit entrance, gas circuit outlet and circuit interface, stucco electric pneumatic valve to be in normally open；The gas circuit entrance of sub-control box is connect with high pressure gas holder, and the gas circuit outlet of sub-control box is connect with the air inlet of sanding valve.This tooling is the important tool in automatic stucco control system R&D process, great convenience can be provided for R&D work, and can provide experiment basis for the subsequent improvement and optimization of stucco control system.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of locomotive sand-spraying test fixtures, belong to railway locomotive technical field.
Background technique
When locomotive traction, driving wheel active force will generate idle running on rail, lead locomotive if it is greater than adhesion strength, wheel
Gravitation, which sharply declines, even to disappear, and serious person leads to traction motor failure.
Adhesion strength between train wheel and rail is affected by various factors.Locomotive is started to walk in tractor-trailer train, accelerates, is rushed
In the case that slope operation etc. needs to increase tractive force, frost is especially operated in, snow, ice, water, grease, wheel tread lose circle, rail
When under the situations such as damage, generation axle weight transfer, it is easy to appear idle running between wheel and rail, skids, leading for idler shaft occurs
Gravitation sharply declines, and then influences the performance of the entire hauling capacity of a locomotive.At this point, by the equably stucco on Rail Surface, it can
To improve the adhesion strength of locomotive, the idle running of wheel is eliminated, gives full play to the tractive force of locomotive.
Currently, the sander of electric power, diesel locomotive mainly by sandbox, sanding valve, sand pipe, compressed air line, spread
The components such as sand electric pneumatic valve composition.The effect of sandbox is the qualified sand of storage；Sanding valve is the critical component of locomotive sand spraying device,
Effect is that the sand in sandbox is blowed floating and equably sprayed out by the compressed air provided when needing stucco using locomotive itself
Come；The effect of sand pipe is that the sand of raising for spraying out sanding valve is oriented between locomotive wheel and rail；Compressed air line effect
It is to use the compressed air supply sanding valve of locomotive main air reservoir output；The effect of stucco electric pneumatic valve is to turn on or turns off to lead to and spread
The compressed air of sand valve, stucco electric pneumatic valve turn on and off, and are by electric appliance (oneself related on driver's (manually controlling) or locomotive
Dynamic control) control.
Above-mentioned stucco control mode is relatively simple.When needing stucco, driver presses stucco button, and control stucco electricity is empty
Valve obtains electric, actuation, opens the compressed air gas circuit led under vehicle, and sanding valve blows out sand under pressure.But locomotive
State changes at any time, and single mode controls stucco process, and there is drawbacks.With in practice, driver will be according to train traction
Control actual stucco amount after state, the speed of service, weather conditions comprehensive descision by way of manually controlling again, it is therefore an objective to
One layer of thin sand is equably covered between wheel and rail, this is more satisfactory state.But in the actual operation process,
Even veteran high level driver is also extremely difficult to such ideal stucco result.Stucco amount is too small, then can not provide
Enough frictional force；Stucco amount is excessive, can not efficiently solve the idle running of wheel, also will increase additional resistance, band instead
Carry out many negative consequences.In addition, stucco amount is excessive to be also added when opening vehicle again when implementation emergency braking locomotive closes on parking
Resistance.
For this purpose, the inventor of this patent attempts to research and develop a kind of automatic stucco control device, but in the prior art not for
The test fixture that R&D process uses.
Utility model content
Aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, the utility model proposes a kind of locomotive sand-spraying test fixture, which can
For simulating the stucco pipeline of existing locomotive, and a sub-control box that can be used for being transformed existing stucco pipeline is carried, it is whole
A tooling can be used for the research and development to automatic stucco control system.
To achieve the goals above, the utility model provides the following technical solutions:
A kind of locomotive sand-spraying test fixture comprising high pressure gas holder, sub-control box and sand warehouse, the sand warehouse lower section are equipped with branch
Leg, the sand bar bottom are equipped with sanding valve, and the sanding valve has air inlet and sand export；The sub-control box include cabinet and
Set on the intracorporal wind pressure sensor of case and stucco electric pneumatic valve, the cabinet has gas circuit entrance, gas circuit outlet and circuit interface, institute
It states stucco electric pneumatic valve to be connected between the gentle way outlet of gas circuit entrance, the wind pressure sensor is set to the gas circuit entrance and stucco
Between electric pneumatic valve, the circuit interface includes the sensor interface being connected with wind pressure sensor and is connected with stucco electric pneumatic valve
Electric pneumatic valve interface, the stucco electric pneumatic valve are in normally open；The gas circuit entrance of the sub-control box is connect with the high pressure gas holder,
The gas circuit outlet of the sub-control box is connect with the air inlet of sanding valve.
Optionally, the circuit interface of the cabinet is to be inserted by four cores that sensor interface and electric pneumatic valve interface collectively constitute
Mouthful.
Optionally, valve block is additionally provided in the cabinet, the gentle way outlet of gas circuit entrance is provided with the valve block
Front, the valve block is interior to have gas circuit, and the wind pressure sensor is threadedly coupled mode and connect with the interface being set to above valve block,
To being connected to the gas circuit in valve block, the outlet of the stucco electric pneumatic valve and entrance be respectively inserted in the valve block side two are connect
In mouthful, to be connected between the gentle way outlet of gas circuit entrance, the stucco electric pneumatic valve and valve block are connected by screw to, the valve
Block is fixedly connected with the cabinet by screw.
Optionally, it is equipped with gasket between the stucco electric pneumatic valve and the valve block, has on the gasket and corresponds to
The side of the outlet of stucco electric pneumatic valve and two through-holes of entrance, the valve block has groove identical with gasket shape, institute
State gasket just it is embedding in the groove, the valve block is externally provided with the screw hole for connecting stucco electric pneumatic valve in recess region.
It optionally, further include the electronic scale being set to below sanding valve sand export, the electronic scale, which is equipped with, contains sand bucket.
Optionally, the gas circuit exit of the high pressure gas holder and sub-control box is equipped with barometer, the high pressure gas holder and
Gas circuit between sub-control box is equipped with normally closed electric pneumatic valve.
From narration above as can be seen that the beneficial effect of technical solutions of the utility model is:
Inventor herein passes through the study found that ideally, stucco amount should be closed with locomotive speed at certain ratio
System, when speed is slow, stucco amount is small, and when speed is fast, stucco amount is big.It is found by theoretical research and a large amount of simulated experiment, in wind
In the case that pressure is certain, the opening time of locomotive electric pneumatic valve and stucco amount are substantially proportional to relationship.Meanwhile the size of wind pressure is to spreading
Sand amount also has a certain impact, and the curved line relation of wind pressure Yu stucco amount can be fitted by many experiments.It therefore, can be in stucco
One additional electric pneumatic valve of setting is controlled according to the speed of the wind pressure of stucco pipeline and locomotive using PWM wave mode in pipeline
The opening time of the electric pneumatic valve, to control stucco amount.
In order to realize above-mentioned imagination, the test fixture that can be used for simulated locomotive stucco pipeline, i.e. this patent work are needed
Dress.
The tooling is divided into two parts, and a part is sand warehouse and high pressure gas holder, is respectively intended to simulation sandbox and the total wind of locomotive
Cylinder, another part are sub-control box, for being connected in the original stucco pipeline of locomotive using the hardware base as automatic control system
Plinth.In addition, in order to realize entire automatic stucco control system, it is also necessary to which one is used to control stucco electric pneumatic valve in sub-control box and works
Electric cabinet.Obviously, the control program of electric cabinet is vital for automatic stucco control process.
This tooling can be with the improved entire stucco pipeline of simulated locomotive, and can be used to test the control effect of electric cabinet,
Study wind pressure and stucco amount curved line relation, thus obtain control program in important parameter, and can preliminary identification entirely control
The validity of system.
In short, this tooling is the important tool in automatic stucco control system R&D process, can be provided for R&D work
Great convenience, and experiment basis can be provided for the subsequent improvement and optimization of stucco control system.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to clearly describe this patent, one or more attached drawing is provided below.
Fig. 1 is the structural block diagram of sub-control box and electric cabinet；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of sub-control box；
Fig. 3~7 are several electrical block diagrams in electric cabinet；
Fig. 8 is a kind of structural block diagram of the utility model embodiment；
Fig. 9 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of sand warehouse part in the utility model embodiment；
Figure 10 is a kind of side view of valve block.
Specific embodiment
Understanding for the ease of those skilled in the art to the art of this patent scheme, below to this in the form of concrete case
The technical solution of patent is described further.
As shown in Fig. 8,2,9, a kind of locomotive sand-spraying test fixture comprising high pressure gas holder, sub-control box and sand warehouse 6, it is described
Supporting leg 8 is equipped with below sand warehouse 6,6 bottom of sand warehouse is equipped with sanding valve 7, and the sanding valve 7 has air inlet and sand export；Institute
Stating sub-control box includes cabinet 1 and wind pressure sensor 4 and stucco electric pneumatic valve 3 in cabinet 1, and the cabinet 1 has gas circuit
Entrance 21, gas circuit outlet 22 and circuit interface 11, the stucco electric pneumatic valve 3 be connected to the gentle way outlet 22 of gas circuit entrance 21 it
Between, the wind pressure sensor 4 is set between the gas circuit entrance 21 and stucco electric pneumatic valve 3, and the circuit interface 11 includes and wind
The sensor interface of pressure sensor 4 connected (passing through route 40) and the electricity being connected with stucco electric pneumatic valve 3 (by route 30) are empty
Valve interface, the stucco electric pneumatic valve 3 are in normally open；The gas circuit entrance 21 of the sub-control box is connect with the high pressure gas holder,
The gas circuit outlet 22 of the sub-control box is connect with the air inlet of sanding valve 7.
Optionally, the circuit interface of the cabinet is to be inserted by four cores that sensor interface and electric pneumatic valve interface collectively constitute
Mouthful.This Interface design is more succinct.
Optionally, still see Fig. 2, valve block 2 is additionally provided in the cabinet 1, the gentle way outlet 22 of the gas circuit entrance 21 is opened
It is located at the front of the valve block 2, there is gas circuit in the valve block 2, the wind pressure sensor 4 is threadedly coupled mode and is set to valve
The interface connection of 2 top of block, to be connected to the gas circuit in valve block 2, the outlet of the stucco electric pneumatic valve 3 and entrance are respectively inserted in
In two interfaces of 2 side of valve block, to be connected between the gentle way outlet 22 of gas circuit entrance 21, the stucco electric pneumatic valve
3 and valve block 2 be connected by screw to, the valve block is fixedly connected with the cabinet by screw.
In addition, also gasket can be arranged between stucco electric pneumatic valve and valve block to reinforce leakproofness.As shown in Figure 10, institute
It states and is equipped with gasket 5 between stucco electric pneumatic valve and the valve block 2, there is going out corresponding to stucco electric pneumatic valve on the gasket 5
The side of two through-holes 23 of mouth and entrance, the valve block 2 has groove 20 identical with 5 shape of gasket, the gasket 5
Just in the groove 20, the valve block 2 is externally provided with the screw hole 24 for connecting stucco electric pneumatic valve in 20 region of groove.
Optionally, still see Fig. 8, further include the electronic scale below 7 sand export of sanding valve, the electronic scale, which is equipped with, to be contained
Sand bucket.
Optionally, still see Fig. 8, the gas circuit exit of the high pressure gas holder and sub-control box is equipped with barometer, the height
The gas circuit calmed the anger between tank and sub-control box is equipped with normally closed electric pneumatic valve.The gas in gas circuit can be read directly by barometer
Pressure acquires the safety of data and monitoring system convenient for experimenter.
In use, test fixture connection is finished first, place electronic scale and contains sand bucket, by electric cabinet and sub-control box phase
Connection, can start to test.When experiment, the electric pneumatic valve between high pressure gas holder and sub-control box is opened, sub-control is manipulated by electric cabinet
Case, to control the on-off of gas circuit, to control the stucco amount of sanding valve.By the Sheng sand bucket on electronic scale, can directly weigh
Stucco amount out obtains important experimental data.
Specifically, as shown in Figure 1, being equipped with DC converter, control module and stucco relay in tested electric cabinet,
The electric cabinet has power supply interface, sensor connecting interface, electric pneumatic valve connecting interface, speed signalling interface and stucco signal
Interface, the input terminal of the DC converter are connect with the power supply interface, the output end of the DC converter respectively with control
Molding block is connected with electric pneumatic valve connecting interface, and the stucco relay is used to control the on-off of electric pneumatic valve connecting interface, the vehicle
Fast signaling interface, stucco signaling interface, sensor connecting interface and stucco relay control terminal with the control module
Connection；The electric pneumatic valve connecting interface for connect with the electric pneumatic valve interface of sub-control box, the sensor connecting interface for
The sensor interface of sub-control box connects, and the power supply interface is connect with external power supply, the speed signalling interface and stucco signal
Interface is connect with the signal source of external analog respectively.
Optionally, the input voltage of the DC converter is 110 volts, and output voltage is 24 volts, in the control module
Equipped with the power circuit for 24 volts of voltages to be converted to 5 volts of voltage.The power input of this DC converter can directly make
The 110V direct current provided with train, to not need external other power supplys in actual use.The DC converter can be adopted
With one piece meet EN50155 the and EN45545-2 railway system certification DC-DC converter, the converter have short circuit, overload,
The functions such as over-voltage, overheat, input protection, input and output isolation, have wider voltage power supply range, can guarantee that system works
Stability.
Control module can be using ARM single-chip microcontroller as main part.
Specifically, the control core of control module can choose the Cortex-M3 processor of mainstream, which possesses
The problem of 72M dominant frequency, 20K RAM, 64K ROM, built-in house dog will not crash.Multiple timers built in the processor,
Accurately calculating speed line pulse can be sampled, calculate speed.12 ADC, with detection wind pressure, detection speed it is fast.Built-in
64KRAM meets the storage of real time data.By writing storage polling routine, data storage can achieve thousands of times.
Fig. 3 show the power circuit of control module, uses DC-DC chip, and 24V power supply is converted to 5V power supply, from
And it is the power supply such as control and detection circuit.
Fig. 5 show the stucco electric pneumatic valve control circuit in electric cabinet, is realized by triode and relay, and single-chip microcontroller is defeated
The on-off of low and high level control triode Q4 out, to control the switch of relay JDQ1, relay controls opening for electric pneumatic valve again
It closes.
Fig. 6 show the stucco signal deteching circuit in control module, and the signal that sands is 110V level signal, defeated by J7
Enter to photoelectric isolated chip 6N136, is converted to 3.3V level signal by VO pin and is output to single-chip microcontroller.Photoelectric isolated chip one
Aspect plays signal isolation, on the other hand also functions to the effect of level conversion.
Fig. 7 show the speed signal detection circuit in control module, and speed signal is two-way quadrature coding pulse signal,
It is inputted respectively by J5, J6, the encoder interfaces of single-chip microcontroller is input to by two-way photoelectric isolated chip.
The range of wind pressure sensor in sub-control box is 0~1.6MPa, and signal type is 4~20mA, working range 0.1
~1.6 megapascal.
Fig. 4 is shown in control module for handling the circuit of wind pressure sensor signal, the current signal of wind pressure sensor
It for 4~20mA, is inputted by J1, is converted to 600~3000mV voltage signal by 150 Ohmic resistances, is input to the ADC of single-chip microcontroller
Port.
Above-mentioned electric cabinet and sub-control box can be directly installed on locomotive, be connected in the original stucco system of locomotive.Tool
For body, electric cabinet can be arranged in locomotive control room, the shaft speed sensor of the speed interface of electric cabinet and locomotive is connected
It connects, power supply interface is connect with electrical locomotive power, the stucco pedal or stucco button of stucco signaling interface and locomotive are connected.Together
When, sub-control box is set to locomotive bottom close to the position of stucco, the original pneumatic circuit of locomotive is truncated, by the pipeline of truncation
It is connect respectively with the gentle way outlet of gas circuit entrance of sub-control box, so that sub-control box is connected in the original stucco gas circuit of locomotive.
Electric cabinet can realize that specifically, the control module of electric cabinet can to the control process of sub-control box by program
To run following procedure:
(1) stucco signal is detected；
(2) when receiving stucco signal, external speed pulse signal is introduced, pulse signal in control module by determining
When device count and be converted to speed v；Meanwhile the wind pressure p of pipeline is obtained by wind pressure sensor；
(3) stucco amount w is calculated according to the proportional relation of speed and the amount of sanding, i.e. w=k × v, k are proportionality coefficient；
(4) pwm pulse fixed to the stucco electric pneumatic valve output period controls signal, in a cycle T, stucco electric pneumatic valve
Opening time is t, then the shut-in time of stucco electric pneumatic valve is T-t；Wherein:
t1=f1(w, p),
t2=f2(w, p),
f1And f2It is the binary quadratic polynomial about w and p.
The program can realize the automatic control to stucco electric pneumatic valve in sub-control box by the control module of electric cabinet, according to control
The calculated opening/closing time of molding block, the stucco electric pneumatic valve in sub-control box can control by air supply, and then control
Stucco amount.
In general, cycle T can be set as 1500 milliseconds, certainly, can also be set as other according to the actual situation rationally
Numerical value.
It is noted that many of program undetermined parameter, the acquisition or solution of these parameters are necessarily dependent on from actually spreading
Collected initial data in sand scene, and can not really draw a locomotive to test in development phase.This test fixture
A kind of device that can simulate true stucco scene is provided just, to provide necessary reality to control the final molding of program
Test basis.Meanwhile this test fixture can also examine the validity of electric cabinet and sub-control box before practical entrucking.
It should be pointed out that the above specific embodiment is the specific case of this patent implementation, without also can not
All implementations of this patent can be covered, therefore the restriction to the scope of this patent cannot be regarded as；All and above case
Belong to the implementation of same idea or the assembled scheme of above-mentioned several schemes, within the protection domain of this patent..
Claims (6)
1. a kind of locomotive sand-spraying test fixture, it is characterised in that: including high pressure gas holder, sub-control box and sand warehouse, below the sand warehouse
Equipped with supporting leg, the sand bar bottom is equipped with sanding valve, and the sanding valve has air inlet and sand export；The sub-control box includes case
Body and be set to the intracorporal wind pressure sensor of case and stucco electric pneumatic valve, the cabinet have gas circuit entrance, gas circuit outlet and circuit
Interface, the stucco electric pneumatic valve are connected between the gentle way outlet of gas circuit entrance, and the wind pressure sensor is set to the gas circuit and enters
Mouthful and stucco electric pneumatic valve between, the circuit interface include the sensor interface being connected with wind pressure sensor and with stucco electricity sky
The connected electric pneumatic valve interface of valve, the stucco electric pneumatic valve are in normally open；The gas circuit entrance of the sub-control box and the high pressure
The gas circuit outlet of gas tank connection, the sub-control box is connect with the air inlet of sanding valve.
2. locomotive sand-spraying test fixture according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the circuit interface of the cabinet is by passing
The four core sockets that sensor interface and electric pneumatic valve interface collectively constitute.
3. locomotive sand-spraying test fixture according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: be additionally provided with valve block, institute in the cabinet
The front that the gentle way outlet of gas circuit entrance is provided with the valve block is stated, there is gas circuit, the wind pressure sensor in the valve block
It is threadedly coupled mode and is connect with the interface being set to above valve block, to be connected to the gas circuit in valve block, the stucco electric pneumatic valve
Outlet and entrance be respectively inserted in two interfaces of the valve block side, thus be connected on the gentle way outlet of gas circuit entrance it
Between, the stucco electric pneumatic valve and valve block are connected by screw to, and the valve block is fixedly connected with the cabinet by screw.
4. locomotive sand-spraying test fixture according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: the stucco electric pneumatic valve and the valve block
Between be equipped with gasket, there is on the gasket two through-holes of the outlet and entrance corresponding to stucco electric pneumatic valve, the valve
The side of block have groove identical with gasket shape, the gasket just it is embedding in the groove, the valve block is recessed
Slot region is externally provided with the screw hole for connecting stucco electric pneumatic valve.
5. locomotive sand-spraying test fixture according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: further include being set to the sanding valve to shake out
Electronic scale below mouthful, the electronic scale, which is equipped with, contains sand bucket.
6. locomotive sand-spraying test fixture according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the high pressure gas holder and sub-control box
Gas circuit exit is equipped with barometer, and the gas circuit between the high pressure gas holder and sub-control box is equipped with normally closed electric pneumatic valve.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201821288376.7U CN209056165U (en) | 2018-08-10 | 2018-08-10 | A kind of locomotive sand-spraying test fixture |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201821288376.7U CN209056165U (en) | 2018-08-10 | 2018-08-10 | A kind of locomotive sand-spraying test fixture |
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| CN209056165U true CN209056165U (en) | 2019-07-02 |
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ID=67047363
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111207939A (en) * | 2020-03-06 | 2020-05-29 | 西南交通大学 | Simulation experiment device for sand spreading process of train sand spreader and injection effect detection method |
-
2018
- 2018-08-10 CN CN201821288376.7U patent/CN209056165U/en active Active
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111207939A (en) * | 2020-03-06 | 2020-05-29 | 西南交通大学 | Simulation experiment device for sand spreading process of train sand spreader and injection effect detection method |
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