CN208745991U - A kind of locomotive sand-spraying control structure - Google Patents
A kind of locomotive sand-spraying control structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN208745991U CN208745991U CN201821287531.3U CN201821287531U CN208745991U CN 208745991 U CN208745991 U CN 208745991U CN 201821287531 U CN201821287531 U CN 201821287531U CN 208745991 U CN208745991 U CN 208745991U
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- stucco
- locomotive
- pneumatic valve
- electric pneumatic
- control module
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a kind of locomotive sand-spraying control structures, belong to railway locomotive technical field.It includes stucco switch, sandbox, sanding valve, compressed air line and sand pipe, and compressed air hose road is equipped with the first stucco electric pneumatic valve；It further include that DC converter, control module, stucco relay, wind pressure sensor, speed signalling interface and the second stucco electric pneumatic valve, stucco switch, wind pressure sensor, speed signalling interface and relay are connect with control module.The utility model is simple in sturcture, ingenious in design, easy to implement, is conducive to the automatization level for promoting existing locomotive sand-spraying system, and then improve the stability and safety of locomotive operation.Meanwhile the utility model can be realized by way of being transformed upgrading to existing locomotive, have extremely strong application prospect and economic benefit.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of locomotive sand-spraying control structures, belong to railway locomotive technical field.
Background technique
When locomotive traction, driving wheel active force will generate idle running on rail, lead locomotive if it is greater than adhesion strength, wheel
Gravitation, which sharply declines, even to disappear, and serious person leads to traction motor failure.
Adhesion strength between locomotive wheel and rail is affected by various factors.Locomotive starts to walk in tractor-trailer train, accelerates, rushes slope
In the case that operation etc. needs to increase tractive force, frost is especially operated in, snow, ice, water, grease, wheel tread lose circle, rail damage
When under the situations such as wound, generation axle weight transfer, it is easy to appear idle running between wheel and rail, skids, the traction of idler shaft occurs
Power sharply declines, and then influences the performance of the entire hauling capacity of a locomotive.It, can be at this point, by the equably stucco on Rail Surface
The adhesion strength for improving locomotive, eliminates the idle running of wheel, gives full play to the tractive force of locomotive.
Currently, the sander of electric power, diesel locomotive mainly by sandbox, sanding valve, sand pipe, compressed air line, spread
The components such as sand electric pneumatic valve composition.The effect of sandbox is the qualified sand of storage；Sanding valve is the critical component of locomotive sand spraying device,
Effect is that the sand in sandbox is blowed floating and equably sprayed out by the compressed air provided when needing stucco using locomotive itself
Come；The effect of sand pipe is that the sand of raising for spraying out sanding valve is oriented between locomotive wheel and rail；Compressed air line effect
It is to use the compressed air supply sanding valve of locomotive main air reservoir output；The effect of stucco electric pneumatic valve is to turn on or turns off to lead to and spread
The compressed air of sand valve, stucco electric pneumatic valve turn on and off, and are by electric appliance (oneself related on driver's (manually controlling) or locomotive
Dynamic control) control.
Above-mentioned stucco control mode is relatively simple.When needing stucco, driver presses stucco button, and control stucco electricity is empty
Valve obtains electric, actuation, opens the compressed air gas circuit led under vehicle, and sanding valve blows out sand under pressure.But locomotive
State changes at any time, and single mode controls stucco process, and there is drawbacks.With in practice, driver will be according to the fortune of train
Scanning frequency degree manually controls stucco amount, it is therefore an objective to one layer of thin sand is equably covered between wheel and rail, this is more satisfactory
State.But it in the actual operation process, is spread even veteran high level driver is also extremely difficult to such ideal
Sand result.
The unreasonable generation of stucco the result is that: stucco amount is too small, then can not provide enough frictional force；Stucco amount is excessive,
The idle running of wheel can not be efficiently solved, also will increase additional resistance instead, brings many negative consequences.In addition, implementing
When emergency braking locomotive closes on parking, the excessive resistance also added when opening vehicle again of stucco amount.
Utility model content
Aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, the utility model proposes a kind of locomotive sand-spraying control structures, existing
Automatic control structure is increased on the basis of technology, helps to realize the automatic control of locomotive sand-spraying, can be improved stucco amount
Accuracy ensures the normal operation of locomotive.
To achieve the goals above, the utility model provides the following technical solutions:
A kind of locomotive sand-spraying control structure, including stucco switch, sandbox, the sanding valve on sandbox and sanding valve into
The compressed air line of mouth connection, and the sand pipe drawn from stucco valve outlet, the compressed air hose road are equipped with by institute
State the first stucco electric pneumatic valve of stucco switch control；It further include DC converter, control module, stucco relay, wind pressure sensing
Device, speed signalling interface and the second stucco electric pneumatic valve set on the compressed air hose road, the wind pressure sensor are set to
The gas circuit upstream of the second stucco electric pneumatic valve, the DC converter are that the control module and the second stucco electric pneumatic valve supply
Electricity, the stucco relay are used to control the on-off of the second stucco electric pneumatic valve power supply circuit, and the second stucco electric pneumatic valve is in
Normally open, the stucco switch, wind pressure sensor, speed signalling interface and stucco relay connect with the control module
It connects.
Optionally, between the speed signalling interface and the control module and the stucco pedal and the control
Photoelectric isolating circuit is equipped between module.
It optionally, further include set on the excision switch between the stucco switch and control module.
Optionally, the input voltage of the DC converter is 110 volts, and output voltage is 24 volts, in the control module
Equipped with the power circuit for 24 volts of voltages to be converted to 5 volts of voltage.
It optionally, further include the human-computer interaction interface being connect with the control module.
Optionally, the second stucco electric pneumatic valve is located at the gas circuit downstream of the first stucco electric pneumatic valve, and the wind pressure passes
Sensor is adjacent with the second stucco electric pneumatic valve.
Optionally, the stucco switch is stucco pedal or stucco button.
From narration above as can be seen that the beneficial effect of technical solutions of the utility model is:
1, the utility model does not change the original stucco control mode of locomotive, but on the basis of original stucco control structure
On increase automatic control structure, automatic control structure and original stucco control structure are in series relationship.In this way, not only improving
Upgrading is transformed to existing locomotive, and original stucco function of locomotive can be retained.Especially occur in automatic control system
When failure, since the two is in normally open, original stucco control system in series relationship and the second stucco electric pneumatic valve
It can be with normal use.
2, this patent inventors discovered through research that, ideally, stucco amount should and locomotive speed at certain ratio
Example relationship, when speed is slow, stucco amount is small, and when speed is fast, stucco amount is big.Meanwhile inventor passes through theoretical research and a large amount of mould
Draft experiment discovery, in the case where wind pressure is certain, the opening time of locomotive electric pneumatic valve and stucco amount are substantially proportional to relationship, this
Outside, the size of wind pressure also has a certain impact to stucco amount, is closed by the curve that many experiments can fit wind pressure and stucco amount
System.Therefore, as long as the speed and the wind pressure of stucco the two parameters of acquisition locomotive, the second electric pneumatic valve of control can be passed through and opened
The mode of time controls the stucco amount of locomotive.Inventor designs the specific structure of the utility model as a result,.By controlling
Program appropriate is worked out in module, and the automatic control of stucco amount can be realized.
3, the utility model is further provided with photoelectric isolating circuit in the periphery of control module, and photoelectric isolating circuit can
To play the role of insulation blocking to the original circuit of locomotive, ensure that the original electrical system of locomotive is unaffected.In addition, this reality
With novel, excision switch can also be set between stucco signal and control module.In this way, by way of disconnecting switch, it can be with
Separate stucco signal, the extention in the utility model compared with the existing technology is cut off completely, so that it is original to restore locomotive
Stucco control structure.
In short, the utility model is simple in sturcture, ingenious in design, and it is easy to implement, be conducive to promote existing locomotive sand-spraying system
Automatization level, and then improve locomotive operation stability and safety.Meanwhile the utility model can be by existing machine
Vehicle is transformed the mode of upgrading to realize, has extremely strong application prospect and economic benefit.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to clearly describe this patent, one or more attached drawing is provided below.
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural block diagram of locomotive sand-spraying control structure in the utility model embodiment；
Fig. 2 is a kind of use state structural block diagram of locomotive sand-spraying control structure in the utility model embodiment；
Fig. 3~7 are several electrical block diagrams in the utility model embodiment.
Specific embodiment
Understanding for the ease of those skilled in the art to the art of this patent scheme, below to this in the form of concrete case
The technical solution of patent is described further.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of locomotive sand-spraying control structure, including stucco switch, sandbox, the sanding valve on sandbox,
The compressed air line being connect with sanding valve import, and the sand pipe drawn from stucco valve outlet, the compressed air line
It is equipped with the first stucco electric pneumatic valve by the stucco switch control；It further include DC-DC DC converter, control module, stucco
Relay, wind pressure sensor, speed signalling interface and the second stucco electric pneumatic valve set on the compressed air hose road, it is described
Wind pressure sensor is set to the gas circuit upstream of the second stucco electric pneumatic valve, and the DC converter is the control module and second
The power supply of stucco electric pneumatic valve, the stucco relay are used to control the on-off of the second stucco electric pneumatic valve power supply circuit, and described second spreads
Sand electric pneumatic valve is in normally open, and the stucco switch, wind pressure sensor, speed signalling interface and stucco relay are and institute
State control module connection.
Wherein, control module can be using ARM single-chip microcontroller as main part, total cylinder of compressed air line and locomotive
Connection, stucco switch can be stucco pedal or stucco button, and DC-DC DC converter is connect with electrical locomotive power, be used for machine
Vehicle 110V power supply is converted to 24V power supply.
Specifically, the control core of control module can choose the Cortex-M3 processor of mainstream, which possesses
The problem of 72M dominant frequency, 20K RAM, 64K ROM, built-in house dog will not crash.Multiple timers built in the processor,
Accurately calculating speed line pulse can be sampled, calculate speed.12 ADC, with detection wind pressure, detection speed it is fast.Built-in
64KRAM meets the storage of real time data.By writing storage polling routine, data storage can achieve thousands of times.
Fig. 5 show the control circuit of the second stucco electric pneumatic valve, is realized by triode and relay, and single-chip microcontroller output is high
The on-off of low level control triode Q4, to control the switch of relay JDQ1, relay controls the switch of electric pneumatic valve again.
Fig. 6 show the stucco signal deteching circuit in control module, and the signal that sands is 110V level signal, defeated by J7
Enter to photoelectric isolated chip 6N136, is converted to 3.3V level signal by VO pin and is output to single-chip microcontroller.Photoelectric isolated chip one
Aspect plays signal isolation, on the other hand also functions to the effect of level conversion.
Fig. 7 show the speed signal detection circuit in control module, and speed signal is two-way quadrature coding pulse signal,
It is inputted respectively by J5, J6, the encoder interfaces of single-chip microcontroller is input to by two-way photoelectric isolated chip.
The range of wind pressure sensor is 0~1.6MPa, and signal type is 4~20mA, and working range is 0.1~1.6 megapascal.
Fig. 4 is shown in control module for handling the circuit of wind pressure sensor signal, the current signal of wind pressure sensor
It for 4~20mA, is inputted by J1, is converted to 600~3000mV voltage signal by 150 Ohmic resistances, is input to the ADC of single-chip microcontroller
Port.
Electric pneumatic valve can use the normally opened electric pneumatic valve of locomotive.
By working out program appropriate, the control structure can be made to realize the automatic control to locomotive sand-spraying amount.It is specific next
It says, following procedure can be run in the control module:
(1) stucco pedal signal is detected；
(2) when receiving pedal signal, the pulse signal of the shaft speed sensor of locomotive is introduced, pulse signal is by controlling
Timer count in module is simultaneously converted to speed v；Meanwhile the wind pressure p of respective line is obtained by wind pressure sensor；
(3) stucco amount w is calculated according to the proportional relation of speed and the amount of sanding, i.e. w=k × v, k are proportionality coefficient；
(4) the pwm pulse control signal fixed to the second stucco electric pneumatic valve output period of respective line, a cycle T
In, the opening time of the second stucco electric pneumatic valve is t, then the shut-in time of the second stucco electric pneumatic valve is T-t；Wherein:
t1=f1(w, p),
t2=f2(w, p),
f1And f2It is the binary quadratic polynomial about w and p.
When pedal is stepped on, the first stucco electric pneumatic valve is in the open state, and the second stucco electric pneumatic valve then by control module into
Row automatically control, according to the calculated opening/closing time of control module, the second stucco electric pneumatic valve can control by compressed air
Amount, and then control stucco amount.
In general, cycle T can be set as 1500 milliseconds, certainly, can also be set as other according to the actual situation rationally
Numerical value.
Optionally, between the speed signalling interface and the control module and the stucco pedal and the control
Photoelectric isolating circuit is equipped between module.Certainly, photoelectric isolating circuit can also be integrated in same PCB jointly with control module
On circuit board.Photoelectric isolating circuit is the prior art, and details are not described herein again.Photoelectric isolating circuit can be to the original circuit of locomotive
Play the role of insulation blocking, that is, the control circuit part in this example will not influence the electric property of the original circuit of locomotive completely,
To ensure the reliable and stable operation of the original electrical system of locomotive.
It optionally, further include set on the excision switch between the stucco switch and control module.The utility model be
New control structure is added on the basis of the original stucco control structure of locomotive to form.In this example, excision switch can control stucco
The access of signal, to if necessary cut off newly-increased control structure from entire stucco control system.
Optionally, the input voltage of the DC converter is 110 volts, and output voltage is 24 volts, in the control module
Equipped with the power circuit for 24 volts of voltages to be converted to 5 volts of voltage.The power input of DC converter can be directly using column
The 110V direct current that vehicle provides, does not need external other power supplys.The DC converter can using one piece meet EN50155 and
The EN45545-2 railway system certification DC-DC converter, the converter have short circuit, overload, over-voltage, overheat, input protect,
The functions such as input and output isolation, have wider voltage power supply range, ensure that the stability of system work.
As shown in figure 3, the power circuit of control module uses DC-DC chip, 24V power supply is converted into 5V power supply, thus
For the power supply such as control and detection circuit.
Optionally, the electric parts such as the control module, stucco relay, excision switch, speed interface, DC converter
It is integrated in an electric cabinet, which has for connecting wind pressure sensor, the second stucco electric pneumatic valve and stucco pedal
Interface, also there is interface for obtaining external power supply, other each interfaces of speed signalling interface and electric cabinet are with air plug
The form of interface is set on cabinet.
Optionally, the wind pressure sensor and the second stucco electric pneumatic valve are integrated in a sub-control box body, the sub-control
Cabinet only has there are two air-path interface and a circuit interface, and the wind pressure sensor and the second stucco electric pneumatic valve are connected on two
Between air-path interface, the power supply of the wind pressure sensor and the second stucco electric pneumatic valve and signal pass through the phase of the circuit interface
Stitch is answered to be transmitted.
Above two structure can be further improved the integration and ease for use of the utility model.That is, to original locomotive into
When row transformation, only it need to be additionally arranged at the bottom sub-control cabinet in locomotive, original gas circuit is truncated and connects with sub-control cabinet, while will be corresponding
Conducting wire is connect with control cabinet.In this way, entire transformation process is simple and easy, this is but also the utility model is highly convenient for pushing away
Wide and application.Meanwhile the newly-increased structure of the utility model can also be ensured by the design of photoelectric isolating circuit and disconnect switch
Keep relatively independent with locomotive original structure, it when necessary can be by the newly-increased structure of the utility model from entire control volume
It is cut off completely in system, the normal operation without influencing the original stucco control system of locomotive.
In the prior art, locomotive head generally has there are four stucco position, i.e. the near front wheel, off-front wheel, left rear wheel and the right side
Rear-wheel, this is just corresponding, and there are four sandboxes, wherein the sandbox of the near front wheel and off-front wheel shares a first stucco electric pneumatic valve, the portion
Separation structure be referred to as before to stucco, the sandbox of left rear wheel and off hind wheel shares another the first stucco electric pneumatic valve, the part-structure
To stucco after referred to as.Meanwhile stucco pedal (or stucco button) is generally two, spreads before respectively corresponding to stucco and backward
Sand.In practical application, according to the stucco position to be carried out automatically controlling, the second stucco electric pneumatic valve can be arranged at one or more
A sandbox branch road, the second stucco electric pneumatic valve can also be arranged on the first stucco electric pneumatic valve main line, can also spread second
Sand electric pneumatic valve is separately positioned on sandbox branch and the first stucco electric pneumatic valve main line (as shown in Figure 2), these embodiments exist
Within the protection scope of this patent.
If there are multiple stucco positions in the control system of a locomotive head, and installed additional at multiple stucco positions automatic
Control structure then needs to be arranged multiple second stucco electric pneumatic valves and wind pressure sensor in the control system, meanwhile, it should also be corresponding with
Multiple stucco relays, and control module and DC converter can then share one.
Assuming that forward direction stucco and after respectively set a second stucco electric pneumatic valve on the first stucco electric pneumatic valve main line to stucco,
With constitute it is a kind of can simultaneously to the preceding stucco control system carried out automatically controlling to stucco and backward stucco, the control system
Electric part is integrated in an electric cabinet, then the air plug interface of the electric cabinet can be set as four (respectively with 1#, 2#, 3#, 4#
Definition), the set-up mode of each interface is such as given a definition, and (locomotive in following each tables refers to SS4No. 0778 locomotive):
1 direction of advance stucco of table controls 1# air plug (4 line)
2 direction of retreat stucco of table controls 2# air plug (4 line)
Table 33# air plug (7 line)
Table 44# air plug (5 line)
It optionally, further include the human-computer interaction interface being connect with the control module.Human-computer interaction interface can be set to
It is integrated in the touch screen on electric cabinet surface.By human-computer interaction interface, the parameter in control program can be configured and be adjusted
It is whole, and can detecte the operating status of control system.
Optionally, the second stucco electric pneumatic valve is located at the gas circuit downstream of the first stucco electric pneumatic valve, and the wind pressure passes
Sensor is adjacent with the second stucco electric pneumatic valve.This design is conducive to integrate wind pressure sensor and the second stucco electric pneumatic valve,
Meanwhile by wind pressure sensor and the neighbouring setting of the second stucco electric pneumatic valve, also helps and obtain accurate wind pressure numerical value.But
It is that, in the case where not considering these convenience, wind pressure sensor can also be arranged in the other positions of pipeline.In addition, wind pressure
Sensor and the second stucco electric pneumatic valve may also be arranged on the upstream of the first stucco electric pneumatic valve.
In short, the utility model is simple in sturcture, ingenious in design, and it is easy to implement, be conducive to promote existing locomotive sand-spraying system
Automatization level, and then improve locomotive operation stability and safety.Meanwhile the utility model can be by existing machine
Vehicle is transformed the mode of upgrading to realize, has extremely strong application prospect and economic benefit.
It should be pointed out that the above specific embodiment is the specific case of this patent implementation, without also can not
All implementations of this patent can be covered, therefore the restriction to the scope of this patent cannot be regarded as；All and above case
Belong to the implementation of same idea or the assembled scheme of above-mentioned several schemes, within the protection domain of this patent..
Claims (7)
1. a kind of locomotive sand-spraying control structure, including stucco switch, sandbox, the sanding valve on sandbox and sanding valve import
The compressed air line of connection, and the sand pipe drawn from stucco valve outlet, the compressed air hose road are equipped with by described
First stucco electric pneumatic valve of stucco switch control；It is characterized by also including DC converter, control module, stucco relay,
Wind pressure sensor, speed signalling interface and the second stucco electric pneumatic valve set on the compressed air hose road, the wind pressure pass
Sensor is set to the gas circuit upstream of the second stucco electric pneumatic valve, and the DC converter is the control module and the second stucco electricity
Empty valve power supply, the stucco relay are used to control the on-off of the second stucco electric pneumatic valve power supply circuit, and the second stucco electricity is empty
Valve is in normally open, the stucco switch, wind pressure sensor, speed signalling interface and stucco relay with the control
Module connection.
2. a kind of locomotive sand-spraying control structure according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the speed signalling interface and institute
It states between control module and is equipped with photoelectric isolating circuit between the stucco pedal and the control module.
3. a kind of locomotive sand-spraying control structure according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: further include being set to the stucco to open
The excision closed between control module switchs.
4. a kind of locomotive sand-spraying control structure according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the input of the DC converter
The electricity is at 110 volts of pressure, and output voltage is 24 volts, and the control module is equipped with the electricity for 24 volts of voltages to be converted to 5 volts of voltage
Source circuit.
5. a kind of locomotive sand-spraying control structure according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: further include and the control module
The human-computer interaction interface of connection.
6. a kind of locomotive sand-spraying control structure according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the second stucco electric pneumatic valve position
In the gas circuit downstream of the first stucco electric pneumatic valve, the wind pressure sensor is adjacent with the second stucco electric pneumatic valve.
7. a kind of locomotive sand-spraying control structure according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the stucco switch is stepped on for stucco
Plate or stucco button.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201821287531.3U CN208745991U (en) | 2018-08-10 | 2018-08-10 | A kind of locomotive sand-spraying control structure |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201821287531.3U CN208745991U (en) | 2018-08-10 | 2018-08-10 | A kind of locomotive sand-spraying control structure |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN208745991U true CN208745991U (en) | 2019-04-16 |
Family
ID=66079536
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201821287531.3U Active CN208745991U (en) | 2018-08-10 | 2018-08-10 | A kind of locomotive sand-spraying control structure |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN208745991U (en) |
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2018
- 2018-08-10 CN CN201821287531.3U patent/CN208745991U/en active Active
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