CN209006192U - A kind of separator of soil small arthropod - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a kind of separators of soil small arthropod.The separator of soil small arthropod, the upper and lower container including two uncovereds, it is characterised in that: the bottom of the upper container is sieve, and the lower container is located at the underface of upper container, has heat source right above the upper container, have water or alcohol in lower container.Incandescent lamp is used to heat as heat source to soil, the small arthropod in soil in upper container moves down under the driving of heat, and from the plastic film for falling to lower container in sieve hole, to achieve the purpose that separate from soil.Device production is simple, and operation is easy, and separation method is high-efficient, separates in soil 90% or more small arthropod.

Description

A kind of separator of soil small arthropod

Technical field

The utility model relates to the technical fields of agro-ecology processing system, and in particular to underground small arthropod Separator.

Background technique

The separation of underground arthropod is the base for carrying out soil arthropod Investigation on Diversity and controlling underground pest Plinth work.Currently used separation method is that artificial mechanism mode carries out, i.e., time-consuming and laborious, and inefficiency, influences scientific research people Research and prevention and treatment of the member to underground arthropod.Small arthropod especially in soil, the difficulty manually separated are bigger.Have Report drives insect using biological habits such as insect phototaxis or photophobisms and separates the insect (patent No.: ZL from breeding dust 200820109750.2), but since soil is different from insect breeding dust, practical new device is not particularly suited for soil insect Separation.There is presently no the reports of suitable separation method and device.How soil middle-size and small-size segmental appendage is easily and effectively separated Animal is those skilled in the art's problem to be solved.

Utility model content

The utility model provides a kind of separator of soil small arthropod, can be by small arthropod from field It is separated in the soil of acquisition, it is high-efficient, speed is fast, and arthropod is not damaged, keep its activity.The device is suitable for appointing What soil property, isolated arthropod include Arachnoidea, Crustachia and Insecta class in soil, as spider, first mite, root mite, under Shield mite, springtail, pseudo- scorpion, pillworm, rove beetle, Acerentulus barberi etc..

A kind of separator of soil small arthropod, the upper and lower container including two uncovereds, it is characterised in that: institute The bottom for stating upper container is sieve, and the lower container is located at the underface of upper container, has heat source right above the upper container.

Water is injected in the lower container, bottom is placed with sponge, and the top surface of sponge is higher than the water surface, is covered on sponge black Color film has gap between sponge and lower container inner wall.

The lower container periphery is covered with plastic housing.

Alcohol is injected in the lower container.

The bottom of the upper container is just seated the open end of lower container.

The upper container is metal rotary strainer, and the metal rotary strainer is supported by tripod.

The lower container is culture dish, and the culture dish is located at the inside of tripod.

The periphery of the tripod is covered with plastic housing.

The heat source is incandescent lamp.

The separator of the utility model is divided into three parts, upper and lower container and heat source, and sampling soil is housed in upper container, Using the behavioral characteristic of arthropod " being Protected from Heat ", by being heated with heat source face soil top, drives arthropod and moves downward, And fallen down from sieve gap, it drops down onto and is collected in lower container.

The utility model is assembled into the separator of the utility model using the simple existing equipment in laboratory.Metal rotary strainer It for laboratory standard sieve, as upper container, is placed on tripod, culture dish holding is as lower appearance immediately below metal rotary strainer The gap of device, lower container inner wall and sponge fills the water, and can prevent the arthropod fallen from escaping.Insect, which falls down, needs a load Body, the carrier that the utility model is selected are exactly sponge+film, and the surface of sponge is black thin film, and black is because with insect face Color contrast is big, is easy observation, and film is adhered on wet sponge, and sponge is only wet, and film is just easy to spread smooth.Sea Silk floss has certain altitude, and along filling the water around culture dish, the height of water is lower than sponge tip, and insect living is from sieve in this way It falls down, just falls in the film on sponge, since surrounding has water, so insect is not easy to escape.Outside sieve to culture dish The plastic housing in week, can further prevent action active or the biggish arthropod of figure escapes.If necessary to dead worm, test 75% alcohol can be directly loaded onto device in culture dish, arthropod falls from sieve and falls into alcohol.

The utility model utilizes the behavioral characteristic of arthropod " being Protected from Heat ", by being heated with thermal light source face soil top, It drives arthropod to move downward, and is fallen down from sieve gap, dropped down onto culture dish.According to type in the elder brother in corresponding soil Or separation purpose, select corresponding mesh size.According to isolated soil sample amount size, various sizes of sieve may be selected, generally Achievable first separations in 20-60 minutes after opening thermal light source, 90% or more small-sized segmental appendage is dynamic in separable soil every time Object.

The utility model separator material source is easy, and assembling is simple, and arthropod separative efficiency is high, is adapted to any Soil property.

Detailed description of the invention

Fig. 1 the utility model separator,

Lower container cross-sectional view in Fig. 2 the utility model separator,

Each label lists as follows in figure:

1- incandescent lamp, 2- metal rotary strainer, 3- tripod, 4- culture dish, 5- plastic housing, 6- sponge, 7- black thin film, 8- Sieve, 9- water.

Specific embodiment

The following describes the utility model in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in Figure 1, 2, a kind of separator of soil small arthropod of the utility model, including two uncovereds Upper and lower container, it is characterised in that: the bottom of the upper container is sieve, and the lower container is located at the underface of upper container, described There is heat source right above upper container.

Metal rotary strainer 2 is laboratory standard sieve, as upper container, is placed on tripod 3, immediately below metal rotary strainer 2 Culture dish holding 4 is used as lower container, is covered on outside tripod 3 with plastic housing 5；Water 9 is injected in culture dish 4, bottom is covered with sea Silk floss 6 is covered with black thin film 7 on sponge 6, and the top surface of sponge 6 is higher than the water surface, has gap between 4 inner wall of sponge 6 and culture dish, Heat source selects incandescent lamp 1.Incandescent lamp 1 is opened, soil is heated, and small arthropod is drilled out from soil through 2 bottom of metal rotary strainer It is collected on the black thin film 7 that the sieve 8 in portion drops in the culture dish 4 of lower part.If it is dead worm is collected, can directly cultivate Alcohol is injected in ware 4, without sponge and black thin film.

Trivet is highly 5-20cm, and upper end diameter is 5-15cm, and lower end diameter is greater than upper end diameter, is 8- 20cm。

The diameter of culture dish is 6-18cm, the preferred glass material of culture dish.

Metal rotary strainer is laboratory standard sieve, and sieve material is woven wire cloth, and diameter is equal with tripod upper end, is 5-15cm, aperture are 0.1-4mm (150-5 mesh).According to the type of arthropod in separation purpose and soil, replacement is different The sieve in aperture is to separate the arthropod of different size and type.

Plastic housing is circular cone figure, and without top cover, upper end diameter is equal with sieve diameter at both ends, is 5-15cm, lower end Diameter is slightly larger than tripod lower end diameter, is 10-25cm, highly equal with tripod, is 5-20cm.

Heat source selects incandescent lamp, and power is in 15-60W, as the thermal light source for driving arthropod.Incandescent lamp, which is placed on, to be equipped with It is 5-15cm with sieve spacing right above the sieve of soil.

The separation method of soil small arthropod is as follows:

The culture dish for being lined with sponge is placed in the underface of tripod, spreads black thin film at the top of sponge.Culture dish Surrounding fills the water, and the water surface is slightly below at the top of sponge.By plastic housing along in tripod outside mask.The fresh soil acquired from field It is contained in sieve, is placed on tripod.Incandescent light source is placed at the 10cm above soil.Light source is opened, in soil Small arthropod under the heat effect of incandescent lamp to lower layer activity, later from sieve gap fall on culture on film On, to separate and obtain pure small arthropod.

Test example 1

Having eggplant from cultivation, (blade has thrips to cause harm, and discharges Predatory Mites natural enemy sword hair pa laelaps and its substitution prey Tyrophagus putrescentiae) greenhouse in take soil 600g, and in valve bag.After taking back laboratory, soil is divided into 4 parts, point It is not placed in 4 sizes (diameter 6cm) and aperture (20 mesh) identical sieve.In tripod, (upper and lower side diameter is respectively 6 Hes 10cm, a height of 8cm) on immediately below place the glass culture dish that diameter is 8cm.It is 7cm's that diameter is put in culture dish bottom Wet sponge is covered with one layer of diameter black plastic film equal with sponge diameter on sponge.It is filled the water along culture dish inner wall, water Face height is slightly below sponge upper end.Tripod or less is covered with plastic jacket (upper and lower side diameter is respectively 6 and 12cm, a height of 8cm) Position.By the sieve equipped with soil as on tripod, using 15 watts of light bulbs to be put in as thermal light source from upper soll layer in sieve 10cm eminence, heats soil.After 30 minutes, light source is closed, sieve and plastic housing is removed, culture dish is placed on 100 It is observed under stereomicroscope again, and counts the arthropod species fallen in this 600g soil and quantity.The result shows that from temperature Arthropod 115 are separated in the soil of room, belong to Arachnoidea (first mite, lower shield mite, big red mite, root mite, tyrophagus putrescentiae), crust Guiding principle (Crustachia) and Insecta (springtail, thrips, Acerentulus barberi) (table 1).

The arthropod species and quantity separated in 1 soil of table

Serial number	Arthropod classification	Quantity (head)
			1	First mite	35
2	Lower shield mite	11
			3	Big red mite	9
4	Root mite	5
			5	Tyrophagus putrescentiae	23
6	Pillworm	7
			7	Springtail	3
8	Thrips (pupa)	20
			9	Acerentulus barberi	2

Test example 2

In laboratory conditions, by soil, vermiculite, wheat bran and moisture according to weight be 3:1:1:1 amount after evenly mixing, It weighs 200g to be put into raising container, Predatory Mites (the sword hair pa laelaps) adult mite raised in 50 head-rooms is then discharged into container. After 12h, this 200g mixture is put into the sieve of 20 mesh, Predatory Mites is separated according to the method for test example 1, records after twenty minutes As a result.Test is repeated 4 times.The result shows that the separation rate of Predatory Mites is 90% or more, and the Predatory Mites separated are all deposited It is living.

It repeats	Predatory Mites quantity (head)	Separation rate (%)
			1	49	98
2	50	100
			3	46	92
4	48	96

Claims (7)

1. a kind of separator of soil small arthropod, the upper and lower container including two uncovereds, it is characterised in that: described The bottom of upper container is sieve, and the lower container is located at the underface of upper container, has heat source right above the upper container；It is described Water is injected in lower container, bottom is placed with sponge, and the top surface of sponge is higher than the water surface, is covered with black thin film, sponge on sponge There is gap between lower container inner wall.

2. the separator of soil small arthropod according to claim 1, the bottom of the upper container are just located In the open end of lower container.

3. the separator of soil small arthropod according to claim 1, the lower container periphery covered with plastics outside Cover.

4. the separator of soil small arthropod according to claim 1, the upper container is metal rotary strainer, described Metal rotary strainer is supported by tripod.

5. the separator of soil small arthropod according to claim 4, the lower container is culture dish, the training Support the inside that ware is located at tripod.

6. the separator of soil small arthropod according to claim 5, the periphery of the tripod is covered with plastics Outer cover.

7. the separator of soil small arthropod according to claim 1, the heat source is incandescent lamp.