CN208574225U - Hydraulic valve - Google Patents

Hydraulic valve Download PDF

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Publication number
CN208574225U
CN208574225U CN201690000943.7U CN201690000943U CN208574225U CN 208574225 U CN208574225 U CN 208574225U CN 201690000943 U CN201690000943 U CN 201690000943U CN 208574225 U CN208574225 U CN 208574225U
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
hydraulic
armature
valve
hydraulic valve
pin
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
CN201690000943.7U
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
米歇尔·比尔科赫
托马斯·杰克布
安德烈亚斯·克莱希特
迪特·迈什
哈特莫特·韦伯
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1 Yixiou Holdings Ltd
Eco Holding 1 GmbH
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1 Yixiou Holdings Ltd
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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01FMAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00Magnets
    • H01F7/06Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/128Encapsulating, encasing or sealing
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16KVALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K27/00Construction of housing; Use of materials therefor
    • F16K27/04Construction of housing; Use of materials therefor of sliding valves
    • F16K27/048Electromagnetically actuated valves
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16KVALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/02Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic
    • F16K31/06Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a magnet, e.g. diaphragm valves, cutting off by means of a liquid
    • F16K31/0603Multiple-way valves
    • F16K31/0606Multiple-way valves fluid passing through the solenoid coil
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16KVALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/02Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic
    • F16K31/06Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a magnet, e.g. diaphragm valves, cutting off by means of a liquid
    • F16K31/0603Multiple-way valves
    • F16K31/061Sliding valves
    • F16K31/0613Sliding valves with cylindrical slides
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16KVALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/02Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic
    • F16K31/06Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a magnet, e.g. diaphragm valves, cutting off by means of a liquid
    • F16K31/0675Electromagnet aspects, e.g. electric supply therefor
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01FMAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00Magnets
    • H01F7/06Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/081Magnetic constructions
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01FMAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00Magnets
    • H01F7/06Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/16Rectilinearly-movable armatures
    • H01F7/1607Armatures entering the winding
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01FMAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00Magnets
    • H01F7/06Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F2007/062Details of terminals or connectors for electromagnets
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01FMAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00Magnets
    • H01F7/06Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/081Magnetic constructions
    • H01F2007/083External yoke surrounding the coil bobbin, e.g. made of bent magnetic sheet
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01FMAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00Magnets
    • H01F7/06Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/081Magnetic constructions
    • H01F2007/085Yoke or polar piece between coil bobbin and armature having a gap, e.g. filled with nonmagnetic material
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01FMAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00Magnets
    • H01F7/06Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/16Rectilinearly-movable armatures
    • H01F2007/1661Electromagnets or actuators with anti-stick disc

Abstract

The utility model relates to hydraulic valve (1), especially hydraulic drive valve, including electromagnetic component (3), it is with magnetizable shell (4), shell surrounds magnetic coil (7) in excircle (50) and at least one first end face (52), and electromagnetic component has the pole pipe (6) being located in magnetic coil (7), it is inner to be axially movably located at armature chamber (56) for armature (10) in pole pipe, and hydraulic valve includes hydraulic unit (2), it is with hydraulic piston (16), hydraulic piston axial direction movably in the inner guiding of valve pocket (5) and connect at least one working joint (A) selectively at least one supply joint (P) and at least one fuel tank connector (T) using hydraulic piston.Here, armature (10) is for driving hydraulic piston (16).Valve pocket (5) is arranged along the longitudinal axis (L) of the extension body of pole pipe (6).Here, to be located at coil case (8) inner and fluidly connect with armature chamber (56) for hydraulic fluid reserve unit (150).

Description

Hydraulic valve
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of hydraulic valve, especially guiding hydraulic fluid devices, especially vehicle transmission Hydraulic controller electromechanical integration hydraulic drive valve.
Background technique
In order in the case where long speed changer oil change interval, in extreme circumstances it is so-called reach the service life when be still Failure safe, the transmission valve must have high firmness.And it can be real in the component to be moved with big gap Existing high firmness.But this leads to the burden of control precision.
A hydraulic valve as known to 10 2,011 053 023 A1 of document DE, it not only has high firmness, but also has There is high control precision.It not will lead to transmission valve in operation medium by dirt particle and kill the high firmness of realization, because Armature can apply axial force high in this way, so that armature can always pull.It is realized using the measure in multiple structures high Precision is controlled, it especially reduces the cross force between armature and pole pipe, and armature is movably located in inside pole pipe.
Feature in this known structure for reducing cross force is very narrow between armature and pole pipe there Movement clearance.In order to reach high magnetic force, separation layer as thin as possible is made every effort to, instead of for example covering or thick layer.It is this very Thin separation layer advantageously has the thickness of 10 μm (microns) to 60 μm.Thin separation layer can for example pass through chemistry or plating Deposit separation layer realize.Chemical nickel plating can be for example used as chemical technology.Herein it has been confirmed that 45 μm of thickness are to have Benefit, because realizing high magnetic force with acceptable cross force herein.It is had confirmed by current existing technique, from 20 μm The thickness of beginning be enough it is reproducible.Such as it is different from plating nickel plating, there is no voltage to be applied to electrode in chemical technology On.In chemical nickel plating, thickness is very uniform.
Pole piece cone is equipped in 10 2,011 053 023 A1 of document DE in order to process the transmission valve of proportionality.But Other different power/stroke change procedures also may be implemented by this pole piece cone.But expectation mostly is adjusted directly to simplify The power of line/stroke change procedure.
Utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is to propose a kind of hydraulic valve, and especially as hydraulic transmission valve, it will be as high as possible Firmness is combined with the structure type of cost advantages.
It is proposed that hydraulic valve, especially hydraulic drive valve, the hydraulic valve include electromagnetic component, the electromagnetic component With magnetizable shell, which surrounds magnetic coil and the electricity on excircle and at least one first end face Magnet assembly has the pole pipe being arranged in inside magnetic coil, and armature is axially movably located inside armature chamber inside pole pipe, and The hydraulic valve includes hydraulic unit, and the hydraulic unit has hydraulic piston, and the hydraulic piston is axially movably in valve pocket Face guiding and using hydraulic piston make at least one working joint selectively at least one supply joint and at least one Fuel tank connector connection.The armature is for driving hydraulic piston.The valve pocket is arranged along the longitudinal axis of the extension body of pole pipe.? This, hydraulic fluid reserve unit is located inside coil case, and the hydraulic fluid reserve unit and armature chamber are in and fluidly connect state.? This, the pole pipe includes pole and/or the pole piece of electromagnetic component.
In the hydraulic valve according to the utility model, it is equipped with hydraulic fluid reserve unit in coil case, at it and armature chamber In connection status.Here, bracket circuit card magnetic coil of the coil case as magnetic coil, and be also used to accommodate pole pipe online It is also accommodated in inside circle body and thus the inside of magnetic coil.In some cases also significantly, the pole pipe is molded together Inside to coil brace.For this purpose, the coil case suitably utilizes plastic injection technique to process.Alternatively, the hydraulic fluid Reserve unit can be located at housings.The reserve unit that advantageously disposably can be initially full of is for example in production testing and armature Room is in hydraulic connecting, and can advantageously prevent air, also enter inside hydraulic valve in fluid level variation.For This, fluidly connecting between hydraulic fluid reserve unit and armature chamber is established in the hole inside coil case.In armature inside Channel can also direct into hydraulic fluid at armature chamber front end, part in face of hydraulic piston.The hydraulic fluid is in the past The armature chamber at end enters in the region of pin, which guides inside hydraulic sleeve and between armature and hydraulic piston Power transmitting.Therefore, the hydraulic fluid makes to fluidly connect between the volume that hydraulic fluid reserve unit and pin are moved through.
The hydraulic fluid reserve unit is as the hollow space in coil case, and without auxiliary tools moderate cost It is made.The reserve unit is sealed on the side away from armature chamber by the closing cap as seal disc.It can also by reserve unit To prevent that armature chamber the inside may be entered due to the clast that abrasion generates.In addition, hydraulic fluid is moved to inside reserve unit A possibility that prevent additional undesirable buffering.In this regard, the reserve unit can advantageously such design size, make to pass through pin The 10% of the mobile for example, reserve unit volume of the volume that stroke between armature and hydraulic piston is realized.In this way, Hydraulic fluid is only moved to inside reserve unit from armature chamber, and is sucked therefrom again.This reduces dirt and enters armature chamber The inside.The hydraulic fluid reserve unit can be advantageously equipped with lid, or designs in this way in structure, covers it upwards, by Hydraulic fluid is aspirated by turning or by labyrinth lid labyrinth or be full of to this hydraulic fluid reserve unit.Thus dirt is reduced to enter To hydraulic fluid reserve unit and thus it enters inside armature chamber.The hydraulic fluid reserve unit is also advantageously arranged in away from liquid On the end of the electromagnetic component of splenium part, spins up from there through more small hydraulic fluid flowing there be and less may Enter the dirt inside armature chamber.
According to advantageous design scheme, realize that the axial force between armature and hydraulic piston passes using the pin independently constituted It passs, wherein the pin especially guides ground and is located inside valve pocket.The pin is advantageously especially made of non-magnetic material.Armature with The machinery that this power transmitting between hydraulic piston can be realized between armature bearing and hydraulic piston support, which breaks, to be coupled.Pass through This mode can, between two structure members only transmitting axial force.Thus it is advantageously reduced in armature and/or hydraulic piston On cross force, it is possible thereby to reduce the friction of motion of armature and/or hydraulic piston.By utilizing independent structure member, example Such as pin, the power transmitting being isolated between armature and hydraulic piston can be realized the tolerance design of more favorable pole pipe and valve pocket, because For the recess that armature moves in it and the recessed sky portion that hydraulic piston moves in it are isolated in this way.The pin can be with It constitutes with being beneficially based on transverse plane of symmetry, thus tends to assemble, because need not consider the orientation of installation site.The pin Advantage diameter for example can be within the scope of 2.0mm to 2.5mm.
According to advantageous design scheme, can specify that in normal operation caused by the stroke volume by pin with it is hydraulic The hydraulic fluid flow volume exchange that fluid reserve unit carries out.In hydraulic valve operation, in pin movement, in armature and hydraulic work The of short duration variation of stroke volume between plug, this causes movement of the hydraulic fluid flow volume in this region.In the guiding of the pin Hydraulic fluid flow volume in region may become larger and become smaller in operation.Due to the stroke volume in hydraulic fluid reserve unit and pin Between fluidly connect, the hydraulic fluid can move back and forth.If the memory capacity of hydraulic fluid reserve unit is sufficiently large, that Even if reserve unit is also enough always to fill the stroke volume of pin again when the leakage of slight fluid occurs for pin.Thus reduce pin The hydraulic environment of the hydraulic fluid and hydraulic valve of stroke volume exchanges, and thus reduces possible harmful wearer and enter pin Or the hidden danger in the region of hydraulic piston.The connection of hydraulic fluid reserve unit and ambient enviroment hydraulic fluid can by turning or It is realized, is entered inside hydraulic fluid reserve unit it is possible thereby to reduce dirt, and thus also reduce dirt by labyrinth lid labyrinth It enters inside armature chamber.
According to advantageous design scheme, the memory capacity of the hydraulic fluid reserve unit is the several times of pin stroke volume, example Such as ten times.When the memory capacity of hydraulic fluid reserve unit is located within the scope of ten times of the stroke volume of pin, it is possible to reduce hydraulic Fluid is exchanged with the hydraulic fluid of the hydraulic environment of hydraulic valve.Within this range, reserve unit is enough to compensate due to hydraulic valve Movable part is leaked as caused by the guiding gap of pin and hydraulic piston towards the slight fluid of hydraulic environment, and is thus reduced Exchange.In the installation site according to regulation, the bottom of the hydraulic fluid reserve unit can suitably be arranged to compare connecting hole Lower wall in armature chamber is significantly deeper, enters inside armature chamber it is possible thereby to reduce dirt, because being likely located at hydraulic Dirt inside fluid sinks and may be deposited on the bottom of hydraulic fluid reserve unit.
Preventing scrap lid preferably can be used, wherein a part of hydraulic fluid reserve unit be integrated into inside preventing scrap lid and/ Or the preventing scrap lid is as the lid for being used for hydraulic fluid reserve unit.Alternatively, the hydraulic valve can have preventing scrap lid, it The lid or labyrinth lid in the suction position of pole disk and/or formation hydraulic fluid reserve unit are covered by flank.
It can prevent metal fragment from causing the short circuit between magnetic coil connector by preventing scrap lid, such as due to processing In abrasion or since there may be the metal fragments for the friction of running transmission device and the movable part of hydraulic valve. Be inserted on coil case for this purpose, the preventing scrap lid can be used as preventing scrap cover, or can also by injection encapsulated coil case with Fork-shaped plug is formed.In addition, the preventing scrap lid can be used as the grafting generated when corresponding plug to be installed on fork-shaped plug The support of power.In addition, the preventing scrap lid can form the lid or labyrinth lid for the suction position of hydraulic fluid reserve unit, Thus suction position is covered upwards, and is aspirated by turning or by labyrinth lid labyrinth or be full of hydraulic fluid, and thus subtract Few dirt enters inside hydraulic fluid reserve unit, and thus also reduces dirt and enter the rank connecting with hydraulic fluid reserve unit Inside iron room.
According to advantageous design scheme, the pin has the gap for reducing its longitudinal supporting face on its circumference, especially Its described gap circumferentially can circumferentially be configured to annular groove.It is also contemplated that other void shapes, especially between Disconnected or angular gap.Possible bearing surface of the pin inside valve pocket is reduced in this gap, and thereby assists in reduction pin Friction when being axially moved.Here, the length and depth in the gap can be according to error conditions and required pin guiding length It spends and is designed according to the stroke of armature and hydraulic piston.If the gap is advantageously made of annular groove, pin can be made It makes as simple turning component.In addition, the gap can be arranged and the longitudinal center pair about pin based on the axial direction on pin Ground is claimed to constitute, and thus unrelated with the installation site in hydraulic valve.The pin can be first with front end or rear end in assembling Insertion.
According to advantageous design scheme, pole disk and/or fork-shaped plug are integrated in coil case.The pole disk is in magnetic coil On the end face of hydraulic piston as magnetizable shell magnetic close, the shell is on excircle and at least one Magnetic coil is surrounded on end face.The pole disk, which is for example furnished with as magnetizable plate-like or annular object, is used for what cable passed through Gap, wherein the gap for example can be hole.The pole disk especially can be constituted symmetrically, advantageous symmetrical for obtaining Magnetic loop.This pole disk is advantageously integrated into coil case, such as when the magnetic coil is constituted with coil case injection encapsulated When, the pole disk by means of coil case plastic material injection encapsulated.Gap inside the disk of pole can suitably be worn thoroughly Injection molding, to fill up the pole disk.The pole disk can with magnetic coil in an injection moulding process common injection encapsulated.Pass through this Kind mode can advantageously reduce axial arrangement space.Thus it also can be realized particularly compact frame mode.In addition, saving solely The vertical installation step for pole disk.Thus error condition can also be made to be transferred on non-key outer diameter, because of the pole disk Magnetic coil and pole pipe can be advantageously directed at.
Fork-shaped plug can be equally integrated into inside coil case as the electric connection of magnetic coil advantageous by injection encapsulated. Guarantee the stable mechanical connection of fork-shaped plug and electromagnetic component in this way.In addition, can also be same by injection encapsulated The good electrical isolation of Shi Shixian, it is possible thereby to touch-safe constitute fork-shaped plug not by plug cover main component.
According to advantageous design scheme, the shell can be pressed on the disk of pole or weld with pole disk.The shell exists It shifts onto when assembly on the excircle of pole disk, and is for example fixed on the disk of pole by press-fit.In order to which additionally shell is fixed Shell can also be pressed in suitable hold-down segment on the disk of pole, hold-down segment bitten using suitable tool by shell and/or It bending and is extruded on the disk of pole.It is achieved in and shell is pressed on the disk of pole purely axially, thus reducing may be when compressing Caused cross force.This compression is the Insurance riders of the fastening of shell and pole disk.It is alternatively or additionally it is contemplated that described outer Shell and pole disk weld.For example, the pole disk can connect in the axial direction on the shell, and in this way on outer side It is evenly welded with shell.
According to advantageous design scheme, the winding wire of the magnetic coil can be wound around the pin of fork-shaped plug.? This, welding set can be inserted on the pin and winding wire of fork-shaped plug, then utilize the welding procedure example for squeezing and being suitble to As electric resistance welding connect welding set electrically and mechanically with pin and conducting wire.It obtains in this way secured and reliable Connection, it also can achieve long service life under severe service condition.
According to advantageous design scheme, the coil case can have the protrusion protruded into inside armature chamber, as being used for The backstop of armature.The protrusion can be arranged on the end face of hydraulic piston on armature thus, and protrude into armature Inside room.These protrusions can advantageously generate the backstop for armature, and thus the armature is not complete outwardly by its end Encounter and be tightly attached on coil case in face.By reduce armature to coil case carry out backstop bearing surface can be advantageously carried out it is anti- Thus bonding effect makes armature not keep being bonded on coil case when on coil case in backstop, but again can be easily It is detached.
According to advantageous design scheme, the armature can use spring and pre-tighten towards hydraulic unit, and in order to guide Spring and spring base is pressed into inside the recess of armature.The spring base can use deep-draw and be deformed by thin plate, and With circular radial protrusion as backstop and anti-adhesive discs.In this way, the spring base made of thin plate can be thin Wall and however also rigidly constitute.It can change to form buffing pad additionally by internal diameter, wherein the buffing pad can To open wide as much as possible, effectively go to damp for reaching.It can be reliably pressed into inside armature by the structure of elasticity.It is logical It crosses and sets insertion inclined-plane it is also ensured that the indentation without clast for radius change.The spring base is advantageously by non-magnetic material system At.
According to advantageous design scheme, the pole pipe can inside the notch for being arranged in its excircle, best V shape Using have radially around recessed gap as finely control profile.The recessed gap for example can be structured as circular annular groove.It is advantageous Groove depth is in the range of 0.1mm.The notch, which is advantageously used in, makes the magnetic field line of magnetic coil towards armature zone focusing in face To on the part of the armature of hydraulic piston.Additionally having towards armature may be implemented by the circular Chinese and Western in incision tract The focusing of benefit, the focusing may be implemented to obtain magnetic force and it is possible thereby in control/adjusting armature for finely controlling.This is logical The notch for crossing V-arrangement is especially advantageously facilitated.Thereby guarantee that the particularly effective operation characteristic of hydraulic piston.In the other strong of pole pipe It spends in identical situation, remaining wall thickness of the pole pipe in incision tract can extraly be reduced by the recessed gap.By this Mode can reduce focus in operation it is inside notch, for example may due to parasitic magnetic current generate magnetic field influence, and And improve the magnetic force in this region.As a result, with during manufacture and during hydraulic valve operation by caused by external force Mechanically deform is compared, and the control of electromagnetic component can be advantageously further improved in the case where the intensity of pole pipe keeps identical situation substantially Characteristic processed.
The pole pipe is preferably on the outer surface and in the first end face of magnetic coil and opposed with the first end face second The notch for having annular circular in longitudinal region between end face.In order to can advantageously make full use of to being generated by magnetic coil The notch is suitably arranged on the part of pole pipe by the effect that magnetic field is focused, and the part of the pole pipe is meeting rule In region when assembling surely between two end faces of magnetic coil.Thus, it is possible to most advantageously make full use of the effect simultaneously And it is advantageously used in control armature.
The notch is advantageously on its mutually opposed side with the first tapered profiles and based on being transversely to the machine direction Plane second tapered profiles opposed with the first tapered profiles, wherein the tapered profiles can be towards outer surface openly structure At.This pyramidal structure can advantageously focus the magnetic field generated by magnetic coil.In addition, it is possible thereby to obtaining in an advantageous manner To the mechanical stability of pole pipe, thus the hydraulic valve can advantageously control in wider mechanical and heat the range of stress. The gradient of the pyramidal structure can be constituted to different steepness, it is possible thereby to influence the feature of magnetic field line.
First and second tapered profiles can be connected conveniently by linking arm, wherein the wall thickness of the linking arm Less than the wall thickness of pole pipe.Wall thickness in connection arm region can especially be much smaller than the continuous wall thickness at the other positions of pole pipe.It is described Thus the wall thickness of linking arm generally can almost interrupt magnetic of the pole pipe in incision tract within the scope of 0.2 to 0.3mm Effect.It is advantageous it has been confirmed that linking arm as thin as possible focuses magnetic field, is achieved in the advantageous control of magnet assembly Property.
In addition, the notch can have at least one circular notch on the inner surface of pole pipe, wherein especially at least One notch can be arranged in the region of linking arm.By arranging at least one circular notch on pole pipe inner surface, institute It states notch for example and can be structured as circular annular groove, reduced with additional advantage in relieving platform according to the hydraulic valve of the utility model Magnetic cross force in rank region, for reducing magnetic hysteresis and thus reducing valve hysteresis.Notch in notch can be in linking arm In be laterally arranged in towards taper constitute side surface transition part on.It this side surface can be advantageously than opposed notch Side surface is steeper.
It is on the one hand to improve solenoid valve/valve by the further advantage that the scheme for the notch being arranged on pole pipe inner surface obtains Door resists the firmness of the power imported in single-piece work.In addition, linking arm can be unloaded mechanically at polar cap, because described Armature only directly moves in a part of linking arm.Thus reduce magnet since the linking arm of thin-walled is during the manufacture of polar cap The function effect of plastic deformation, such as due to the torsion of the wall body due to caused by Wall-Thickness Difference during the preprocessing and final processing in pole pipe Turn or elasticity exclusion bring deforms.
Another advantage is to improve influence/power firmness of the magnet/valve in operation relative to heat.The linking arm Mechanically unload.Thus thermal deformation and different thermal expansion bring magnetic functions due to sensitive, thin-walled linking arm are avoided It influences.
The circular recessed gap and at least one notch can advantageously be axially spaced to be arranged in pole pipe.It is this in axis Upward space isolation is it has been confirmed that focusing magnetic field and being advantageous particularly with parasitic magnetic current is reduced.Here, showing greatly The axial width of the recessed gap and/or notch is, for example, that the distance of 0.2mm to 0.3mm is advantageously combined and is arranged in outside pole pipe Recessed gap and the diametrically opposite notch in built in pole pipe be particularly advantageous.The radial depth of the notch can advantageously exist It is selected in 0.1mm range.It can specify that other sizes according to the structure of hydraulic valve.
According to advantageous design scheme, the pole pipe is integrally formed with valve pocket.According to the hydraulic valve of the utility model, institute Pole pipe and valve pocket is stated to be integrally formed with a structure member, this have the advantages that when hydraulic valve is run it is significant because can be with Reduce the adverse effect that armature caused by possible structure member is deformed and reduced thus moves in pole pipe and reduce by This caused magnetic hysteresis/valve hysteresis.Compared with pole pipe and valve pocket manufacture are independent structure member, by jointly, integrally Ground manufactures pole pipe and valve pocket and can be easier to realize the alignment of pole pipe axis and valve pocket axis, because of assembly inaccuracy effect It is small.Therefore, two axis are reliably placed in overlap condition during fabrication.Thereby guarantee that armature moved inside pole pipe and The expedients and guarantee that the advantageous power on from armature to hydraulic piston is transmitted that hydraulic piston the inside moves.
Also it can more simply realize armature to electromagnetic component magnetic coil in structure by pole pipe and the alignment of valve pocket Depth is protruded into more greatly in the inside, it is possible thereby to guarantee the advantageous and effective operation of hydraulic valve.Thus entire hydraulic valve is improved Functional mode.
Pole pipe and the advantageous alignment of valve pocket additionally aid the cross force for reducing magnetic on armature because by pole pipe with The integral structure of valve pocket realizes that armature motion is aligned as accurately as possible on the axis of magnetic coil with being also easier to.
The integral structure of pole pipe and valve pocket can also reduce the quantity of hydraulic valve arrangement part, and thus simplify assembly, this Help to reduce cost and occurs less mistake in assembly.The whole service of the hydraulic valve is also relatively reliable, because Can reduce the hidden danger of the deformation of structure member in operation and reduce thus bring in the running functional lesion of valve.One The structure member of body is fabricated to turning component and can realize in an advantageous manner.
The armature can be guided advantageously inside the recess of pole pipe.The armature can be advantageous in this way Ground is aligned and guides on the axis of magnetic coil, this is advantageous effective driving of hydraulic valve.By as turning component Advantageously manufacture pole pipe highly precisely can process recess with small error, and thereby guarantee that armature inside recess It is as few as possible frictionally to move, it is possible thereby to improve the response characteristic and operating parameter of hydraulic valve.
The hydraulic piston advantageously supportedly can be arranged in valve pocket using spring element on the end away from armature On.The armature couples with effectively connecting with hydraulic piston, especially mechanically couples, and the armature can especially pass through hydraulic work Plug mechanically manipulates, such as indirectly by the pin shaft (pin) being arranged between armature and hydraulic piston, or directly passes through The small mandril being arranged on piston.Reset force, institute can be generated in an advantageous manner by the spring element being supported on valve pocket It states reset force and facilitates hydraulic valve and run in a manner of Magnetic driving as spring mass oscillator.Thus it advantageously influences hydraulic The whole service of valve.
Detailed description of the invention
Further advantage is provided by following attached drawing description.The embodiments of the present invention are shown in the accompanying drawings.Attached drawing, explanation Contain a large amount of feature combination with claim.Professional suitably can also individually consider the feature and composition is intentional Other combinations of justice.
Herein illustratively:
Fig. 1 shows the longitudinal sectional drawing according to the hydraulic valve of the utility model embodiment in home position;
Fig. 2 shows longitudinal sectional drawing of the hydraulic valve according to another embodiment of the utility model in home position;
Fig. 3 shows the partial longitudinal sectional view of the hydraulic valve according to the utility model embodiment;
Fig. 4 shows transverse cross-sectional view of the hydraulic valve of Fig. 3 in hydraulic fluid reserve unit region.
Specific embodiment
Component same or like in the accompanying drawings is indicated with identical appended drawing reference.Attached drawing only shows example and should not manage Solution is to be limited by this.
Fig. 1 illustrates the home position of hydraulic valve 1 in home position, especially hydraulic drive valve with longitudinal profile. Herein relate to pressure-regulating valve.
This hydraulic valve 1 for example uses in multiple clutch transmission device.Thus it is multiple partially construct it is similar The valve pocket 5 of the hydraulic unit 2 of hydraulic valve is installed to inside the control panel of multiple clutch transmission device.Valve pocket 5 is by turning component It constitutes.Transmission valve 1 the electromagnetic component 3 being connect respectively with hydraulic unit 2 stretched from control panel, and by hydraulic fluid around Stream.Each electromagnetic component 3 has magnetizable shell 4.
Hydraulic valve 1 shown in Fig. 1 includes electromagnetic component 3, and the electromagnetic component has magnetizable shell 4, this is outer Shell surrounds magnetic coil 7 on excircle 50 and at least one first end face 52, and with being arranged in inside magnetic coil 7 Pole pipe 6, armature 10 is axially movably located at 56 the inside of armature chamber wherein.Hydraulic valve 1 further includes hydraulic unit 2, described hydraulic Component has a hydraulic piston 16, the hydraulic piston it is axial movably inside valve pocket 5 guiding and using hydraulic piston make to A few working joint A is selectively connect with supply joint P and fuel tank connector T.Armature 10 is for driving hydraulic piston 16.Valve Set 5 is arranged along the longitudinal axis L of the extension body of pole pipe 6.Magnetic coil 7 is for example held using press-fit with being lining into inside coil case 8 It is contained in 4 the inside of shell.The plastic material injection encapsulated magnetic coil 7 of coil case 8 can also alternatively be passed through.
As seeing Fig. 1, valve pocket 5 is integrally formed with pole pipe 6, thus hydraulic valve 1 can have less knot Structure component and it can simplify assembling process.Also can more simply it be turned in structure by pole pipe 6 and the alignment of valve pocket 5 Change armature 10 and protrude into depth in the big of the inside of magnetic coil 7 of electromagnetic component 3, it is possible thereby to guarantee the advantageous and high of hydraulic valve 1 The operation of effect ground.Thus the functional mode of entire hydraulic valve 1 is improved.
The expedients scheme of pole pipe 6 and 5 alignment of valve pocket additionally aids the cross force for reducing the magnetic on armature 10, because To be easier to realize that armature motion is right as accurately as possible on 7 axis of magnetic coil by the structure of pole pipe 6 and the one of valve pocket 5 It is quasi-.
In order to advantageously influence magnetic current, pole pipe 6 has the notch 9 of such as V-arrangement.
Armature 10 has axially movably positioned at 11 the inside of recess of the formation armature chamber 56 of pole pipe 6 by hole structure At central passage 12.This central passage 12 is expanded into the recessed sky of larger diameter by stage portion on the front end of armature 10 Portion 13, the recessed sky portion are equally made of hole.Anti- adhesive discs 14 are installed inside this bigger recessed sky portion 13, it have one or Multiple small throttle plate apertures 15 with longitudinal axis L arranged off-centre, the throttle plate aperture connect armature chamber with central passage 12.It is holding in the mouth When iron 10 completely disengages, on the valve pocket 5 for the magnetic conduction that anti-adhesive discs 14 prevent armature 10 to be bonded in hydraulic unit 2.
Hydraulic unit 2 has hydraulic piston 16, it is axially movably guided inside valve pocket 5.Hydraulic piston 16 utilizes bullet Spring element 17 is supportedly arranged on valve pocket 5 on the end 60 away from armature 10.It can be reacted in this hydraulic piston 16 The power for being configured to the spring element 17 of helical compression spring is mobile, and spring element is supported in the screening member 21 for being fixed on 5 the inside of valve pocket.For It guides and 17 screening member 21 of helical compression spring of feeling relieved is with spring guide way 22.According to the position working joint of hydraulic piston 16 A utilizes the circular annular groove 18 and longitudinal hole and transverse holes 20,19 and supply joint P or fuel tank connector T in hydraulic piston 16 Connection.
If hydraulic piston 16 is applied on magnetic coil 7 and due to lacking sufficiently large voltage positioned at according to the basic of Fig. 1 Position, then hydraulic fluid directs into fuel tank connector T discharge from working joint A.
Axial force transmission between armature 10 and hydraulic piston 16 realizes that it is arranged in valve pocket 5 with guiding using pin 23 The inside.What pin 23 can be realized between armature bearing and piston support disconnected couples.Here, being configured to circumferentially circular ring Slot 68, circular on pin circumference gap 24 can reduce bearing surface, it is possible thereby to reduce friction.Simultaneously advantageous by pin 23 transmitting axial forces, and also significantly improve error condition.In order to which friction free power is transmitted as far as possible, 16 He of hydraulic piston Anti- adhesive discs 14 have top dome.It in order to simplify the two structure members, can alternatively imagine, be constituted on pin 23 and reduce bearing The structure in face, the preferably end face of rounding, especially top dome.
As being integrated with pole disk 28 in coil case 8 as giving Fig. 1, by pole disk for example by the modeling of coil case 8 Expect material at least partly injection encapsulated, or the gap 33 by wearing injection molding pole disk 28 thoroughly.It is achieved in smaller axial knot Conformational space and the assembly for simplifying hydraulic valve 1.In magnetic coil 7 on the end face 54 of hydraulic piston 16, pole disk 28 is used as can The magnetic of magnetized shell 4 is closed, and surrounds magnetic coil 7 on the external circumference 50 of shell and at least one end face 52.Pole disk 28 is used as can Magnetized, such as object of sheet or annular is furnished with the gap passed through for cable, and wherein these gaps for example can be hole.
Coil case 8 closes armature chamber 56 on one end of hydraulic valve 1.Here, protruding into the protrusion 25 of 56 the inside of armature chamber The backstop for being used for armature 10 is formed, and thus reduced bearing surface has anti-bonding effect.
It is preferred that hydraulic fluid reserve unit 26 be disposably initially full of, positioned at 8 the inside of coil case and armature chamber 56 connect It connects, and prevents air from entering 1 the inside of hydraulic valve.Hydraulic fluid, which is moved to a possibility that 26 the inside of reserve unit, also to be prevented from adding Undesirable buffering.
The size of reserve unit 26 is designed in this way, so that being significantly less than reserve unit body by the volume movement for selling Cheng Shixian Product.Thus the dirt for entering 56 the inside of armature chamber is reduced.
Short circuit due to caused by foreign matter between unshowned fork-shaped plug 35 and pole disk 28 in order to prevent, hydraulic valve 1 Also there is preventing scrap lid 27, it covers pole disk 28 by flank.Fork-shaped plug 35 is equally partly moulded in 8 the inside of coil case, It is possible thereby to guarantee to be securely fixed fork-shaped plug 35 and also guarantee reliably to connect in turn.
In order to which preferably winding wire is connected on the pin 36 of fork-shaped plug 35, around the pin 36 of fork-shaped plug 35 Wound around coil conducting wire.Then welding set 108 is inserted on the pin 36 of winding and is suitably connected using squeezing with electric resistance welding Pin 36 and winding wire.
The shell 4 for protruding from pole disk 28 is additionally pressed on pole disk 28.Shell 4 shifts the outer circle of pole disk 28 onto assembly Zhou Shang, and be for example fixed on pole disk 28 by press-fit.It, can be in order to which additionally shell 4 is fixed on pole disk 28 It is pressed on shell 4 in suitable hold-down segment, hold-down segment is bitten using suitable tool by shell 4 and/or then bending squeezes On pole disk 28.Be achieved in the purely axial compression on pole disk 28 of shell 4, thus reduce may when compressing caused transverse direction Power.This compression is the Insurance riders that shell 4 and pole disk 28 are fixed.Alternatively or additionally it is contemplated that shell 4 and pole disk 28 weld It connects.For example, pole disk 28 can connect in the axial direction on the shell, and concordant with shell 4 on outer side in this way Ground welding.
Fig. 2 illustrates the second implementation of the hydraulic valve 1 in home position according to the utility model with longitudinal profile Example.The repeated description with structure member identical in Fig. 1 is saved, and is please referred in Fig. 1 in order to avoid unnecessary repetition Descriptions thereof.Pole pipe 6 is made of with valve pocket 5 two structure members in embodiment shown in figure 2.The valve of second embodiment Shorter end portion 46 of the set 5 with hydraulic sleeve 5, it protrudes into 6 the inside of pole pipe.
It is different from the first embodiment, working joint A is connect in the home position shown in supply joint P.For this purpose, accommodating Spring 40 in 41 the inside of the recessed sky portion of pole pipe 6 pre-tightens armature 10 towards hydraulic unit 2.In 32 the inside of recess of armature 10 It is pressed into spring base 43, which guides spring 40, while being used as backstop and anti-adhesive discs by circular radial protrusion 44.Bullet Spring abutment 43 is advantageously employed deep-draw and is deformed by thin plate.By due to shorter 10 length of armature of spring 40 make pin 23 in order to Axial force transmission is constituted shorterly.
The part according to the utility model embodiment is shown in FIG. 3 by the hydraulic valve 1 of longitudinally cutting.In cuing open for shell 4 Coil case 8 depending on can see in part can be used as moulding and complete, it is made up of injection encapsulated magnetic coil 7.In coil It can be seen that recess, it is as the armature chamber 56 for accommodating pole pipe 6 inside body 8.Pole disk 28 is sealed as the magnetic of electromagnetic component 3 It closes and is equally molded into 8 the inside of coil case.Coil case 8 has hydraulic fluid reserve unit 26 on its end away from hydraulic unit 2, It is in armature chamber 56 by the hole 110 shown in Fig. 4 and is fluidly connected.Armature 10 has central passage 12, it continues to lead Draw hydraulic fluid to the front end portion of armature chamber 56, and directs into the stroke volume of pin covered in the view.
Preventing scrap lid 27 forms the lid or labyrinth lid of the suction position for hydraulic fluid reserve unit 26, thus covers upwards Suction position and by turning or by labyrinth lid labyrinth aspirate or be full of hydraulic fluid, and thus reduce dirt enter liquid Fluid reserve unit 26 is pressed, and thus also reduces dirt and enters the armature chamber 56 connecting with hydraulic fluid reserve unit.
Hydraulic fluid reserve unit 26 be also advantageously arranged in electromagnetic component 3 on the end of hydraulic unit 2, thus It is spun up less by less hydraulic fluid flowing there be possibly into the dirt to 56 the inside of armature chamber.
Because hydraulic fluid reserve unit 26 is configured in the hollow body for example as 8 the inside of coil case made of moulding, Hydraulic fluid reserve unit 26 is without additional tool and is thus largely made to moderate cost.
It will also be seen that being molded into the fork-shaped plug 35 of 8 the inside of coil case in Fig. 3.The portion of the plug side of coil case 8 Point by preventing scrap lid 27 protect to prevent in hydraulic fluid foreign matter, for example galling object enter, and prevent magnetic coil 7 with Possible electric short circuit in the connection region of fork-shaped plug 35.
The overwhelming majority of shell 4 and the hydraulic unit 2 of hydraulic valve 1 are shown from outside in a top view.
Fig. 4 shows the hydraulic valve 1 of Fig. 3 along the horizontal section of the line IV- IV cutting in 26 region of hydraulic fluid reserve unit Figure.It can be seen that as the portion of leaving a blank for the inside of coil case 8 being arranged in shell 4 liquid of U-shaped in the central portion of hydraulic valve 1 Press fluid reserve unit 26.Two holes 110 are arranged on the visual direction of the right side leg of hydraulic fluid reserve unit 26, they are to positioned at it Subsequent armature chamber 56 fluidly connects portion.By this some holes 110, hydraulic fluid can enter armature chamber 56 from reserve unit 26 It the inside and also flows back to again.
Hydraulic fluid reserve unit 26 as as seeing Fig. 3 and 4, in the installation site as defined in shown meet Lower wall of the bottom than connecting hole 110 in the inside of armature chamber 56 be obviously arranged to deeper, entered it is possible thereby to reduce dirt 56 the inside of armature chamber, because the dirt being likely located inside hydraulic fluid sinks and is deposited on the bottom of hydraulic fluid reserve unit 26 Portion.
In the two sides of hydraulic fluid reserve unit 26, the pin 36 of fork-shaped plug 35 is prominent from coil case 8, the effect of pin It is the winding wire that magnetic coil 7 is connected using welding set 108.On the top of hydraulic valve 1, the clamping jaw 102 of fork-shaped plug is from coil Body 8 stretches out.It can connect suitable corresponding plug on clamping jaw 102, for controlling magnetic coil 7.
The feature need not be combined forcibly, and can also individually be applied inside hydraulic valve.

Claims (15)

1. hydraulic valve (1), including
Electromagnetic component (3), the electromagnetic component have magnetizable shell (4), and the shell is on excircle (50) and at least Magnetic coil (7) and the electromagnetic component are surrounded on one first end face (52) has the pole pipe for being arranged in magnetic coil (7) inside (6), armature (10) is axially movably located inside armature chamber (56) inside pole pipe,
Hydraulic unit (2), the hydraulic unit have hydraulic piston (16), and the hydraulic piston is axial movably inner in valve pocket (5) Face guiding and using the hydraulic piston make at least one working joint (A) selectively at least one supply joint (P) It is connected at least one fuel tank connector (T),
It is characterized in that, the armature (10) is used to drive hydraulic piston (16),
The valve pocket (5) along the extension body of pole pipe (6) longitudinal axis (L) arrange, and
Hydraulic fluid reserve unit (26) are equipped with inside coil case (8), the hydraulic fluid reserve unit and armature chamber (56) are in stream Body connection status.
2. hydraulic valve as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that using the pin (23) that independently constitutes realize armature (10) with Axial force transmission between hydraulic piston (16), pin (23) guiding ground are located inside valve pocket (5).
3. hydraulic valve as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that caused in normal operation by the stroke volume of pin (23) With the volume-exchange of the hydraulic fluid of hydraulic fluid reserve unit (26).
4. hydraulic valve as claimed in claim 2 or claim 3, which is characterized in that the memory capacity of the hydraulic fluid reserve unit (26) It is the several times of pin (23) stroke volume.
5. the hydraulic valve as described in one of claims 1 to 3, which is characterized in that be equipped with preventing scrap lid (27), wherein flow of pressurized A part of body reserve unit (26) is integrated into inside preventing scrap lid (27) and/or the preventing scrap lid (27) is as flow of pressurized The lid of body reserve unit (26).
6. hydraulic valve as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that be equipped with preventing scrap lid (27), it is covered by flank (39) Lid or labyrinth lid on pole disk (28) and/or the suction position of formation hydraulic fluid reserve unit (26).
7. hydraulic valve as claimed in claim 2 or claim 3, which is characterized in that the pin (23) has on its circumference for reducing The gap (24) in its longitudinal supporting face, the gap (24) are circumferentially circumferentially configured to annular groove (68).
8. the hydraulic valve as described in one of claims 1 to 3, which is characterized in that be integrated with pole disk (28) in coil case (8) And/or fork-shaped plug (35).
9. hydraulic valve as claimed in claim 8, which is characterized in that the shell (4) be pressed on pole disk (28) or with pole Disk (28) welding.
10. hydraulic valve as claimed in claim 8, which is characterized in that the winding wire of the magnetic coil (7) surrounds fork-shaped plug (35) pin (36) winding, and the winding wire and pin (36) utilize the extruding of welding set and welding.
11. hydraulic valve as claimed in claim 8, which is characterized in that the coil case (8), which has, to be put in inside armature chamber (56) Protrusion (25) as be used for armature (10) backstop.
12. the hydraulic valve as described in one of claims 1 to 3, which is characterized in that the armature (10) utilizes spring (40) direction Hydraulic unit (2) pre-tightens, and the recess (32) that spring base (43) is pressed into armature (10) in order to guide spring (40) is inner Face, wherein the spring base (43) is deformed using deep-draw by thin plate, and is used as and is stopped with circular radial protrusion (44) Gear and anti-adhesive discs.
13. the hydraulic valve as described in one of claims 1 to 3, which is characterized in that the pole pipe (6) is being arranged in its excircle In V-arrangement notch (9) inside have radially around recessed gap (29) as precise controlling profile.
14. the hydraulic valve as described in one of claims 1 to 3, which is characterized in that the pole pipe (6) and valve pocket (5) integrally structure At.
15. hydraulic valve as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the hydraulic valve is hydraulic drive valve.
CN201690000943.7U 2015-07-03 2016-06-23 Hydraulic valve Active CN208574225U (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102015110725.2 2015-07-03
DE102015110725 2015-07-03
DE102015120984.5A DE102015120984A1 (en) 2015-07-03 2015-12-02 Hydraulic valve, in particular hydraulic transmission valve
DE102015120984.5 2015-12-02
PCT/EP2016/064521 WO2017005497A1 (en) 2015-07-03 2016-06-23 Hydraulic valve, in particular hydraulic transmission valve

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CN201690000942.2U Active CN208169648U (en) 2015-07-03 2016-06-23 Hydraulic valve
CN201690000944.1U Active CN208574226U (en) 2015-07-03 2016-06-23 Spring base and hydraulic valve
CN201690000936.7U Active CN208169646U (en) 2015-07-03 2016-06-23 Hydraulic valve
CN201690000941.8U Active CN208169647U (en) 2015-07-03 2016-06-23 Hydraulic valve
CN201690000943.7U Active CN208574225U (en) 2015-07-03 2016-06-23 Hydraulic valve

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CN201690000944.1U Active CN208574226U (en) 2015-07-03 2016-06-23 Spring base and hydraulic valve
CN201690000936.7U Active CN208169646U (en) 2015-07-03 2016-06-23 Hydraulic valve
CN201690000941.8U Active CN208169647U (en) 2015-07-03 2016-06-23 Hydraulic valve

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DE102015120992A1 (en) 2017-01-05
CN208169647U (en) 2018-11-30
CN208169648U (en) 2018-11-30
WO2017005496A1 (en) 2017-01-12
CN208574226U (en) 2019-03-05
CN208169646U (en) 2018-11-30
DE102015120983A1 (en) 2017-01-05
DE102015120981A1 (en) 2017-01-05
DE102015120982A1 (en) 2017-01-05
WO2017005493A1 (en) 2017-01-12
WO2017005497A1 (en) 2017-01-12
WO2017005498A1 (en) 2017-01-12
DE102015120984A1 (en) 2017-01-05

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