CN208562259U - A kind of house refuse low temperature high temperature two-part pyrolytic gasification processing system - Google Patents

A kind of house refuse low temperature high temperature two-part pyrolytic gasification processing system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN208562259U
CN208562259U CN201820340000.XU CN201820340000U CN208562259U CN 208562259 U CN208562259 U CN 208562259U CN 201820340000 U CN201820340000 U CN 201820340000U CN 208562259 U CN208562259 U CN 208562259U
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high temperature
gasification
low temperature
gas
house refuse
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CN201820340000.XU
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邱亚群
熊如意
付广义
钟振宇
陈灿
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Hunan Academy Of Environmental Protection (hunan No Pollution Ecological Economic Research Institute)
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Hunan Academy Of Environmental Protection (hunan No Pollution Ecological Economic Research Institute)
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Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of house refuse low temperature high temperature two-part pyrolytic gasification processing systems, it includes that house refuse screening sterilizing-low temperature pyrogenation combination unit, high temperature pyrolysis gasification furnace, low temperature pyrogenation gasification fuel gas and vapor dry reclaiming system, barren rock ashes (catalyst) reclamation set etc..The catalysis and facilitation that high temperature pyrolysis and gasification is reacted by house refuse Sealed sifting, vapor and barren rock ashes, and separately segmentation carries out by low temperature and high temperature pyrolysis and gasification reaction, improve the efficiency of each stage of reaction and the concertedness of two reactions, so that fuel gas yield is enhanced with quality, to improve domestic rubbish disposal efficiency and reaction temperature, the sustainability and stability of the operation of domestic garbage pyrolysis reaction system are increased.

Description

A kind of house refuse low temperature high temperature two-part pyrolytic gasification processing system
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of house refuse low temperature high temperature two-part pyrolytic gasification processing systems.
Background technique
With the rapid development of social economy with science and technology progress, China's domestic garbage pyrolysis Gasification Technique Research and extension achieves important breakthrough, because of its distinctive advantage, is just gradually substituting original sanitary landfills, compost, is burning rubbish The technologies such as rubbish power generation.Currently, the domestic garbage pyrolysis gasification process skill such as low temperature pyrogenation gasification, catalytic pyrolysis gasification for having developed Art still has such or such problem, specific as follows:The pretreatment measures such as the dry, screening of house refuse are not in place, lead It is relatively low (lower than 850 DEG C) to cause subsequent pyrolytic gasification reaction temperature, and then influences the stability and cigarette of pyrolytic gasification facility operation Gas disposal;Part refuse pyrolysis gasification process factory is directly exposed in extraneous ring by the non-sterile processing of the inorganic constituents screened out In border, environmental risk is substantially increased.Domestic garbage gasification is inefficient, it is gas generated less, tar yield it is big, not only Cause pyrolytic gasification processing system reaction temperature relatively low, influence the normal operation of system, and tar content in flue gas is caused to increase, greatly The risk of fume treatment difficulty and the blocking stoppage in transit of fume treatment facility is improved greatly.At pyrolytic gasification processing equipment separate unit (set) Reason scale is universal (being less than 80t/d) less than normal, cannot be effective for the process demand that domestic rubbish disposal scale is 200-400t/d Response, and use power generation by waste combustion technology substantially without economic benefit.
Utility model content
The utility model is intended to, reaction temperature less than normal for existing domestic garbage pyrolysis gasification technology single device treatment scale Spending the problems such as low, tarry matters in smoke yield is big and difficult causes most of domestic garbage pyrolysis gasification process facility that cannot stablize fortune Capable phenomenon provides a kind of house refuse low temperature high temperature two-part pyrolytic gasification processing system.
In order to achieve the above object, technical solution provided by the utility model are as follows:
The house refuse low temperature high temperature two-part pyrolytic gasification processing system includes house refuse screening sterilizing Low Temperature Thermal Solution combination unit (2), high temperature pyrolysis gasification furnace (7) and low temperature pyrogenation gasification fuel gas drying device (13);
High temperature pyrolysis gasification furnace (7) inner cavity be from top to bottom equipped with high temperature pyrolysis and gasification combustible gas collect reuse pipe (8), Low temperature pyrogenation gasification vapor and combustible gas reuse gas distribution pipe (9) and high temperature pyrolysis section fuel gas reuse gas distribution pipe (11), institute State high temperature pyrolysis and gasification combustible gas collect reuse pipe (8) stretch out high temperature pyrolysis gasification furnace (7) afterwards with high temperature pyrolysis section fuel gas The gas feed of reuse gas distribution pipe (11) connects;
The house refuse screening sterilizing low temperature pyrogenation combination unit (2) includes sieve mesh type screw conveyor (17), is arranged The closed casing (18) of screenings sterilizing on the outside of sieve mesh type screw conveyor (17), is set in the closed casing of screenings sterilizing (18) the high temperature pyrolysis and gasification tail gas heating casing (19) on the outside of;Described sieve mesh type screw conveyor (17) one end be equipped with rubbish into Material mouth, the other end are equipped with rubbish discharge port (5), and the garbage inlet is connect with house refuse feed hopper (1), and the rubbish goes out Material mouth (5) is connect with the feed inlet (6) of high temperature pyrolysis gasification furnace (7);Vapor and combustible gas outlet (15) described screenings go out Nectar closes casing (18) and is equipped with the closed cannula exit (3) of screenings sterilizing close to the one end of rubbish discharge port (5);The high warm Solution gasification tail gas heating casing (19) is equipped with high-temperature tail gas outlet (16) close to one end of garbage inlet, close to rubbish discharge port (5) one end is equipped with high-temperature tail gas entrance (14);The high-temperature tail gas entrance (14) and the tail gas of high temperature pyrolysis gasification furnace (7) go out Mouth (12) connection;The screenings sterilizes closed casing (18) equipped with vapor and combustible gas outlet (15), the vapor It is connect with combustible gas outlet (15) with the gas feed of low temperature pyrogenation gasification fuel gas drying device (13), the low temperature pyrogenation Gas vent and low temperature pyrogenation the gasification vapor and combustible gas reuse gas distribution pipe (9) of gasification fuel gas drying device (13) are even It connects.
Wherein, catalyst (barren rock ashes) feed hopper (4) is connected at the rubbish discharge port (5).The vapor and Combustible gas outlet (15) is set to screenings and sterilizes in the middle part of closed casing (18), vapor and combustible gas outlet (15) by across The pipeline of high temperature pyrolysis and gasification tail gas heating casing (19) and the gas of low temperature pyrogenation gasification fuel gas drying device (13) into Mouth connection.Low temperature pyrogenation gasification fuel gas drying device (13) inner cavity is equipped with spiral board and baffle plate, fuel gas with Vapor from top to bottom moves in the device, and the moisture content of mixed gas after drying is adjusted.The low temperature pyrogenation gasification water Steam and combustible gas reuse gas distribution pipe (9) are arranged in " non-" font, and low temperature pyrogenation gasification vapor and combustible gas reuse gas distribution It manages (9) and is equipped with downward opening gas distribution aperture.High temperature pyrolysis gasification furnace (7) lower outside is equipped with high temperature pyrolysis and gasification Furnace dual firing chamber (10).
The utility model is described in further detail below:
House refuse described in the utility model passes through Shaftless screw conveyor in screening sterilizing low temperature pyrogenation combination unit The sieve pore of tube wall realizes point of the small ingredient (predominantly inorganic matter) of garbage middle grain diameter and big particle size component (predominantly organic matter) From, while completing to sterilize the high-temperature sterilization of house refuse screenings using high-temperature tail gas (temperature is about 700 DEG C);Utilize high temperature The heat radiation of tail gas and the house refuse control of residence time in screening sterilizing-low temperature pyrogenation combines the unit (are maintained at 15-20 Minute), house refuse can be heated to 400 DEG C or so, so that low temperature pyrogenation is dried in the device and carried out to house refuse, produced Raw vapor and fuel gas is collected and the gasification layer after preliminarily dried into high temperature pyrolysis gasification furnace, vapor through pipeline With the intermediate product such as tar and coke of pyrolysis etc. reforming reaction can occur for (gasifying agent), and the content of tar and coke is promoted to drop It is low, improve the yield of fuel gas (especially hydrogen);The barren rock ashes and active powdered carbon that semidry method vent gas treatment is generated return With to the CO that in high temperature pyrolysis gasification furnace, CaO can generate pyrolytic gasification2High-temp in-situ absorption is carried out, keeps reaction balance advantageous In towards H2The direction of generation carries out, to improve H in fuel gas2Content;In addition, CaO can be greatly promoted at high temperature The second pyrolysis of the intermediate products such as coke, diaryl ether functional group further improves the calorific value of fuel gas to generate CO.
Compared with prior art, the utility model has the advantages that
(1) effectively screening, improves garbage treatment efficiency
Using screening sterilizing-small ingredient (predominantly inorganic matter) of low temperature pyrogenation combination unit realization garbage middle grain diameter and greatly Particle size component (predominantly organic matter) efficiently separates, and reduces the house refuse quantity into subsequent high temperature pyrolytic reaction, mentions MSW heating value and high temperature pyrolysis and gasification reaction temperature have been risen, domestic rubbish disposal efficiency and processing capacity are substantially increased.
(2) segmentation reaction, mutually promotes
Two house refuse low temperature, high temperature pyrolytic gasification stages of reaction are separated, the high temperature pyrolysis and gasification stage is made full use of The waste heat from tail gas of generation realizes drying and the low temperature pyrogenation of house refuse, passes through vapor in the combustible gas that generates to low temperature pyrogenation The control of (gasifying agent) further improves the gas producing efficiency and quality of high temperature pyrolysis and gasification, realizes to high temperature pyrolysis and gasification Efficiently promote.Therefore, low temperature and pyroreaction are separately carried out, not only increases the efficiency of each stage of reaction, Er Qieti The concertedness of two reactions is risen.
(3) waste utilization is effectively catalyzed
The wastes such as barren rock ashes and active powdered carbon that semidry method vent gas treatment is generated and domestic garbage mixing reuse are supreme In warm pyrolysis gasification furnace, wherein not only active powdered carbon improves reaction temperature, but also CaO therein can be by producing pyrolytic gasification Raw CO2The second pyrolysis catalysis for carrying out the intermediate products such as situ absorption and STRENGTH ON COKE, diaryl ether functional group, further increases The calorific value of fuel gas substantially increases the temperature (850 DEG C of >) of high temperature pyrolysis and gasification reaction.
The utility model existing domestic garbage pyrolysis Gasification Technique there are aiming at the problem that, using two sections of low temperature high temperature Formula pyrolytic gasification processing system is realized and carries out Sealed sifting sterilizing to house refuse, while also having to the house refuse after screening Machine ingredient is dried and low temperature pyrogenation, greatly reduce into house refuse in subsequent high temperature pyrolysis gasification furnace it is inorganic at Divide content, improves the processing capacity and reaction temperature of high temperature pyrolysis gasification furnace, reduce fume treatment difficulty and cost.This Outside, vapor and fuel gas that drying garbage and low temperature pyrogenation gasification generate are led to the pyrolytic gasification of high temperature pyrolysis gasification furnace Layer, vapor (vaporization agent), which with tar can further react, generates the fuel gas such as hydrogen, carbon monoxide, improves life Refuse pyrolysis gasification gas production, greatly reduces the yield and fume treatment difficulty of tar;Using will be after semi-dry desulphurization Barren rock ashes (catalyst) and active carbon reclamation to the high temperature pyrolysis and gasification stage method, to the carbon dioxide in fuel gas into Row absorbs, and improves the calorific value of the yield of hydrogen and fuel gas in fuel gas, anti-to further increase high temperature pyrolysis and gasification Temperature is answered to lay the foundation, it is ensured that house refuse thermal pyrolysis device stable operation realizes that middle and small scale house refuse obtains effectively Processing.
In short, temperature garbage high temperature two-part pyrolytic gasification processing system living described in the utility model is by by low temperature and height Temperature reaction separately carries out, and not only increases the efficiency of each stage of reaction, and improves the concertedness of two reactions, thus Domestic rubbish disposal efficiency and reaction temperature are improved, the sustainability of domestic garbage pyrolysis reaction system operation and steady is increased It is qualitative.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the utility model house refuse low temperature high temperature two-part pyrolytic gasification processing system equipment Figure;
Fig. 2 is that the utility model house refuse low temperature high temperature two-part pyrolytic gasification processing system equips medium temperature pyrolytic gasification The structural schematic diagram of combustible gas and vapor gas distribution pipe.
In figure: 1, house refuse feed hopper, 2, house refuse screening sterilizing low temperature pyrogenation combination unit, 3, screenings sterilizing Closed cannula exit, 4, barren rock ashes feed hopper, 5, rubbish discharge port, 6, high temperature pyrolysis gasification furnace feed inlet, 7, high temperature pyrolysis Gasification furnace, 8, high temperature pyrolysis and gasification combustible gas collection reuse pipe, 9, low temperature pyrogenation gasification vapor and combustible gas reuse gas distribution pipe, 10, high temperature pyrolysis gasification furnace dual firing chamber, 11, high temperature pyrolysis section fuel gas reuse gas distribution pipe, 12, high temperature pyrolysis gasification furnace tail gas Outlet, 13, low temperature pyrogenation gasification fuel gas drying device, 14, high-temperature tail gas entrance, 15, vapor and combustible gas outlet, 16, high-temperature tail gas exports, 17, sieve mesh type screw conveyor, 18, the closed casing of screenings sterilizing, 19, high temperature pyrolysis and gasification tail gas Heating muff.
Specific embodiment
Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the house refuse low temperature high temperature two-part pyrolytic gasification processing system includes house refuse sieve Divide sterilizing low temperature pyrogenation combination unit 2, high temperature pyrolysis gasification furnace 7 and low temperature pyrogenation gasification fuel gas drying device 13;
7 inner cavity of high temperature pyrolysis gasification furnace is from top to bottom equipped with high temperature pyrolysis and gasification combustible gas and collects reuse pipe 8, low temperature Pyrolytic gasification vapor and combustible gas reuse gas distribution pipe 9 and high temperature pyrolysis section fuel gas reuse gas distribution pipe 11, the high warm Solution gasification combustible gas collect reuse pipe 8 stretch out high temperature pyrolysis gasification furnace 7 after with high temperature pyrolysis section fuel gas reuse gas distribution pipe 11 Gas feed connection;
The house refuse screening sterilizing low temperature pyrogenation combination unit 2 includes sieve mesh type screw conveyor 17, is set in sieve The screenings in the outside of cellular type screw conveyor 17 sterilizes closed casing 18, is set in screenings and sterilizes the height in closed 18 outside of casing Warm pyrolytic gasification tail gas heating casing 19;Described 5 one end of sieve mesh type screw conveyor is equipped with garbage inlet, and the other end is equipped with rubbish Rubbish discharge port 5, the garbage inlet are connect with house refuse feed hopper 1, the rubbish discharge port 5 and high temperature pyrolysis gasification furnace 7 feed inlet 6 connects;Vapor and combustible gas export 15 screenings and sterilize closed casing 18 close to rubbish discharge port 5 One end is equipped with the closed cannula exit 3 of screenings sterilizing;The high temperature pyrolysis and gasification tail gas heating casing 19 is close to garbage inlet One end be equipped with high-temperature tail gas outlet 16, close to rubbish discharge port 5 one end be equipped with high-temperature tail gas entrance 14;The high-temperature tail gas Entrance 14 is connect with the offgas outlet 12 of high temperature pyrolysis gasification furnace 7;The screenings sterilizes closed casing 18 equipped with vapor With combustible gas outlet 15, the gas of the vapor and combustible gas outlet 15 and low temperature pyrogenation gasification fuel gas drying device 13 Import connection, the gas vent and low temperature pyrogenation gasification vapor of low temperature pyrogenation gasification fuel gas drying device 13 with can Combustion gas reuse gas distribution pipe 9 connects.
Wherein, catalyst barren rock ashes feed hopper 4 is connected at the rubbish discharge port 17.The vapor and combustible gas Outlet 15 is set to closed 18 middle part of casing of screenings sterilizing, and vapor and combustible gas outlet 15 are by passing through high temperature pyrolysis and gasification The pipeline of tail gas heating casing 19 is connect with the gas feed of low temperature pyrogenation gasification fuel gas drying device 13.The Low Temperature Thermal Solution gasification 13 inner cavity of fuel gas drying device is equipped with spiral board and baffle plate, fuel gas and vapor in the device by upper and Lower movement, and the moisture content of mixed gas after drying is adjusted.The low temperature pyrogenation gasification vapor and combustible gas reuse gas distribution Pipe 9 is arranged in " non-" font, and low temperature pyrogenation gasification vapor and combustible gas reuse gas distribution pipe 9 are equipped with downward opening gas distribution Aperture.7 lower outside of high temperature pyrolysis gasification furnace is equipped with high temperature pyrolysis gasification furnace dual firing chamber 10.
In addition, the sterilizing low temperature pyrogenation combination unit realizes garbage middle grain by the sieve pore of Shaftless screw conveyor tube wall The separation of the small ingredient of diameter (predominantly inorganic matter) and big particle size component (predominantly organic matter), rubbish can be converged in nearly 30% Inorganic constituents is sieved away, and refuse thermal value and device processing capacity after screening are improved;By vapor and barren rock ashes to height The catalysis and facilitation of warm pyrolytic gasification reaction, so that the technique fuel gas yield improves about 12%, wherein H2With CO's Yield improves about 15%, further improves the calorific value of fuel gas.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of house refuse low temperature high temperature two-part pyrolytic gasification processing system, which is characterized in that the processing system includes House refuse screening sterilizing low temperature pyrogenation combination unit (2), high temperature pyrolysis gasification furnace (7) and low temperature pyrogenation gasification fuel gas are dry Dry device (13);
High temperature pyrolysis gasification furnace (7) inner cavity is from top to bottom equipped with high temperature pyrolysis and gasification combustible gas and collects reuse pipe (8), low temperature Pyrolytic gasification vapor and combustible gas reuse gas distribution pipe (9) and high temperature pyrolysis section fuel gas reuse gas distribution pipe (11), the height Warm pyrolytic gasification combustible gas collect reuse pipe (8) stretch out high temperature pyrolysis gasification furnace (7) afterwards with high temperature pyrolysis section fuel gas reuse The gas feed of gas distribution pipe (11) connects;
The house refuse screening sterilizing low temperature pyrogenation combination unit (2) includes sieve mesh type screw conveyor (17), is set in sieve The closed casing (18) of screenings sterilizing on the outside of cellular type screw conveyor (17), is set in screenings and sterilizes closed casing (18) outside The high temperature pyrolysis and gasification tail gas heating casing (19) of side;Described sieve mesh type screw conveyor (17) one end is equipped with garbage inlet, The other end is equipped with rubbish discharge port (5), and the garbage inlet is connect with house refuse feed hopper (1), the rubbish discharge port (5) it is connect with the feed inlet (6) of high temperature pyrolysis gasification furnace (7);The screenings sterilizing of vapor and combustible gas outlet (15) is close It closes casing (18) and is equipped with the closed cannula exit (3) of screenings sterilizing close to the one end of rubbish discharge port (5);The high temperature pyrolysis gas Change tail gas heating casing (19) and be equipped with high-temperature tail gas outlet (16) close to one end of garbage inlet, close to rubbish discharge port (5) One end be equipped with high-temperature tail gas entrance (14);The offgas outlet of the high-temperature tail gas entrance (14) and high temperature pyrolysis gasification furnace (7) (12) it connects;The screenings closed casing (18) that sterilizes is equipped with vapor and combustible gas outlet (15), the vapor and Combustible gas exports (15) and connect with the gas feed of low temperature pyrogenation gasification fuel gas drying device (13), the Low Temperature Thermal The gas vent and low temperature pyrogenation gasification vapor and combustible gas reuse gas distribution pipe (9) for changing fuel gas drying device (13) connect It connects.
2. house refuse low temperature high temperature two-part pyrolytic gasification processing system as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that described Barren rock ashes feed hopper (4) is connected at rubbish discharge port (5).
3. house refuse low temperature high temperature two-part pyrolytic gasification processing system as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that described Vapor and combustible gas outlet (15) are set in the middle part of the closed casing (18) of screenings sterilizing, vapor and combustible gas outlet (15) By the pipeline and low temperature pyrogenation gasification fuel gas drying device (13) that pass through high temperature pyrolysis and gasification tail gas heating casing (19) Gas feed connection.
4. house refuse low temperature high temperature two-part pyrolytic gasification processing system as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that described Low temperature pyrogenation gasifies fuel gas drying device (13) inner cavity equipped with spiral board and baffle plate.
5. house refuse low temperature high temperature two-part pyrolytic gasification processing system as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that described Gasify vapor and combustible gas reuse gas distribution pipe (9) of low temperature pyrogenation is arranged in " non-" font, and low temperature pyrogenation gasification vapor and Combustible gas reuse gas distribution pipe (9) is equipped with downward opening gas distribution aperture.
6. house refuse low temperature high temperature two-part pyrolytic gasification processing system as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that described High temperature pyrolysis gasification furnace (7) lower outside is equipped with high temperature pyrolysis gasification furnace dual firing chamber (10).
CN201820340000.XU 2018-03-13 2018-03-13 A kind of house refuse low temperature high temperature two-part pyrolytic gasification processing system Withdrawn - After Issue CN208562259U (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108251165A (en) * 2018-03-13 2018-07-06 湖南省环境保护科学研究院(湖南省无公害生态经济研究所) A kind of house refuse low temperature high temperature two-part pyrolytic gasification processing system
CN111019711A (en) * 2019-12-16 2020-04-17 武汉科技大学 Thermal cracking gasification process for household garbage
CN115405918A (en) * 2022-08-11 2022-11-29 湖北鑫星节能炉具有限公司 Biomass particle combustion furnace with bottom ventilation structure

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108251165A (en) * 2018-03-13 2018-07-06 湖南省环境保护科学研究院(湖南省无公害生态经济研究所) A kind of house refuse low temperature high temperature two-part pyrolytic gasification processing system
CN108251165B (en) * 2018-03-13 2023-08-04 湖南省环境保护科学研究院(湖南省无公害生态经济研究所) Low-temperature high-temperature two-section type pyrolysis gasification treatment system for household garbage
CN111019711A (en) * 2019-12-16 2020-04-17 武汉科技大学 Thermal cracking gasification process for household garbage
CN115405918A (en) * 2022-08-11 2022-11-29 湖北鑫星节能炉具有限公司 Biomass particle combustion furnace with bottom ventilation structure

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