CN107541223A - A kind of system and method for integrated treatment rubbish and carbide slag - Google Patents
A kind of system and method for integrated treatment rubbish and carbide slag Download PDFInfo
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- CN107541223A CN107541223A CN201710866905.0A CN201710866905A CN107541223A CN 107541223 A CN107541223 A CN 107541223A CN 201710866905 A CN201710866905 A CN 201710866905A CN 107541223 A CN107541223 A CN 107541223A
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- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 135
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 86
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 154
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 claims description 101
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 87
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005453 pelletization Methods 0.000 abstract 6
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052573 porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 17
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 6
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 5
- HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,7,8-tetrachloro-dibenzo-p-dioxin Chemical compound O1C2=CC(Cl)=C(Cl)C=C2OC2=C1C=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C2 HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000000748 compression moulding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007781 pre-processing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 4
- HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-acetylene Natural products C#C HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000002534 ethynyl group Chemical group [H]C#C* 0.000 description 3
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphine Chemical compound P XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical group [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010791 domestic waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000037 hydrogen sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- XWHPIFXRKKHEKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron silicon Chemical compound [Si].[Fe] XWHPIFXRKKHEKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000073 phosphorus hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011020 pilot scale process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011269 tar Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/60—Production of ceramic materials or ceramic elements, e.g. substitution of clay or shale by alternative raw materials, e.g. ashes
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- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to the system and method for a kind of integrated treatment rubbish and carbide slag, the system includes carbide slag processing unit, mixed-forming unit, pelletizing pyrolysis unit and high-temperature roasting unit；Carbide slag processing unit exports including carbide slag after carbide slag entrance, raw coke oven gas entrance, syngas outlet and drying；Mixed-forming unit includes carbide slag entrance after drying, garbage inlet and the outlet of mixing pelletizing；Pelletizing pyrolysis unit includes mixing pelletizing entrance, exhanst gas outlet, raw coke oven gas outlet and the outlet of high temperature pyrolysis pelletizing；High-temperature roasting unit includes high temperature pyrolysis pelletizing entrance, rich CO2Gas vent and the outlet of roasting haydite.The present invention, to rubbish and carbide slag copyrolysis, is obtained product and directly contacted with carbide slag, realized and obtain high-quality synthesis gas while carbide slag is dried using anoxybiotic pyrolysis oven；And take full advantage of calcium oxide in carbide slag and safety, high performance building porcelain granule are made to the solidification of rubbish heavy metal.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of chemical industry, in particular to a system and a method for comprehensively treating garbage and carbide slag.
Background
Along with the rapid development of economy and the continuous acceleration of the urbanization process, the daily garbage yield of China is about 400 ten thousand tons, and the problem of the accompanying household garbage is serious day by day. The garbage disposal problem becomes one of the most important problems to be faced in China and problems to be solved urgently. The garbage pyrolysis can convert organic matters in the garbage into oil gas products to be extracted, and great economic benefit is generated. However, the current garbage pyrolysis technology is basically in the basic development or pilot-scale stage, and the problem of low pyrolysis efficiency is common. Meanwhile, the pyrolysis solid obtained by pyrolysis has high ash content, low heat value and high heavy metal content, so that the dioxin problem can still be caused if the pyrolysis solid is directly combusted, the efficiency is low if the pyrolysis solid is further gasified, and the heavy metal is separated out if the building material is prepared. Therefore, the thermal efficiency of the existing garbage pyrolysis is improved, and an efficient utilization mode is provided for the solid after pyrolysis, which is an urgent problem to be solved in the existing garbage pyrolysis.
Meanwhile, the carbide slag is a solid waste generated in the process of preparing acetylene by using carbide. The water content is 60-80%, the main component is calcium hydroxide, and also contains solid impurities such as magnesium oxide, aluminum oxide, silicon iron, etc., and a small amount of gases such as acetylene, hydrogen sulfide, phosphine, etc., which are dissolved in the water solution. According to statistics, a production plant producing 20 ten thousand tons of PVC annually discharges carbide slag slurry which reaches 360 ten thousand tons per year, the quantity is huge, and the production plant emits foul smell to have adverse effects on the surrounding environment. Therefore, effective utilization of carbide slag has also received attention from researchers.
Disclosure of Invention
In the face of the technical problems, the invention aims to utilize an anaerobic pyrolysis furnace to carry out CO-pyrolysis on mixed pellets formed by garbage and carbide slag, the obtained high-temperature oil gas product is directly contacted with the pressed carbide slag to dry the carbide slag, and tar, dust and CO in the pyrolysis oil gas are removed simultaneously2Obtaining high-quality synthesis gas; and the curing effect of calcium oxide which is the main component of the carbide slag on heavy metals in the garbage is fully utilized, the pyrolyzed pellets are calcined at high temperature to prepare safe and high-performance building ceramsite, and finally released high-concentration CO is treated2The centralized treatment is carried out, the carbon emission is reduced, and the purposes of recycling, harmlessness and reduction of the garbage and carbide slag treatment are realized.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a system for comprehensively treating garbage and carbide slag, which comprises a carbide slag treatment unit, a mixing and forming unit, a pellet pyrolysis unit and a high-temperature roasting unit; wherein,
the carbide slag treatment unit comprises a carbide slag inlet, a raw gas inlet, a synthesis gas outlet and a dried carbide slag outlet;
the mixed forming unit comprises a dried carbide slag inlet, a garbage inlet and a mixed pellet outlet, and the dried carbide slag inlet is connected with the dried carbide slag outlet;
the pellet pyrolysis unit comprises a mixed pellet inlet, a flue gas outlet, a raw gas outlet and a high-temperature pyrolysis pellet outlet, the mixed pellet inlet is connected with the mixed pellet outlet, and the raw gas outlet is connected with the raw gas inlet;
the high-temperature roasting unit comprises a high-temperature pyrolysis pellet inletRich in CO2The high-temperature pyrolysis pellet inlet is connected with the high-temperature pyrolysis pellet outlet.
Further, the system still includes rubbish preprocessing unit, rubbish preprocessing unit is connected gradually by bag breaking mechanism, rotary screen mechanism, sorting mechanism and broken mechanism and is constituted, broken mechanism connects the mixed shaping unit.
Specifically, the device used by the pellet pyrolysis unit is an anaerobic pyrolysis device consisting of a preheating zone, a first pyrolysis zone and a second pyrolysis zone.
Preferably, the mixed pellet inlet is connected with the mixed pellet outlet through a conveying device, and a flue gas inlet connected with the flue gas outlet is arranged on one side of the conveying device close to the mixed pellet inlet.
Further, the carbide slag treatment unit comprises an airflow drying bed and an air-solid separation device which are connected with each other; the carbide slag inlet and the raw gas inlet are arranged on the pneumatic drying bed, and the synthesis gas outlet and the dried carbide slag outlet are arranged on the gas-solid separation device.
Specifically, the mixing and molding unit comprises a mixing device and a molding device which are connected with each other; wherein, dry back carbide slag entry with the rubbish entry is established mixing arrangement, the mixed pellet export is established forming device.
The invention also provides a method for comprehensively treating garbage and carbide slag by using any one of the systems, which comprises the following steps:
A. carbide slag treatment: after the carbide slag enters the carbide slag treatment unit, directly contacting and drying the carbide slag and raw coke oven gas generated after pyrolysis of garbage to obtain dried carbide slag; meanwhile, the carbide slag adsorbs tar, dust and CO in the raw coke oven gas2Obtaining synthesis gas;
B. mixing and forming: mixing the dried carbide slag and the garbage material in a mixing and forming unit, and performing compression forming to obtain mixed pellets;
C. and (3) pyrolyzing the pellets: feeding the mixed pellets into the pellet pyrolysis unit, and pyrolyzing the mixed pellets to obtain raw coke oven gas and high-temperature pyrolysis pellets;
D. and (3) high-temperature roasting: directly conveying the high-temperature pyrolysis pellets to the high-temperature roasting unit, and producing high-concentration CO after roasting2And realizing the solidification of mineral substances and coke residues to heavy metals to obtain the building ceramsite.
Further, the method also comprises the step of pretreating the garbage material before mixing and forming, wherein the step comprises the following steps: and sequentially carrying out bag breaking, roller screening, sorting and crushing treatment on the original garbage to obtain the garbage material.
Preferably, the particle size of the garbage material is controlled to be less than or equal to 15 mm.
Preferably, in the step B, the mass ratio of the garbage material to the dried carbide slag is 0.8-1.2: 1.
Specifically, in the step C, the mixed pellets are sent into the pellet pyrolysis unit and then sequentially pass through a preheating zone, a first pyrolysis zone and a second pyrolysis zone to complete pyrolysis; wherein the temperature of the preheating zone is 350-500 ℃; the temperature of the first pyrolysis area is 700-800 ℃; the temperature of the second pyrolysis zone is 750-850 ℃.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention has the following advantages:
(1) the recycling, harmless and reduction treatment of the municipal domestic waste and the carbide slag is realized;
(2) an anaerobic pyrolysis device is provided with a heat accumulating type radiant tube heater to treat the garbage and the carbide slag pellets, so that anaerobic pyrolysis of the garbage is realized, dioxin is prevented from being generated, and the heat efficiency of a system is improved;
(3) the sensible heat of the pyrolysis oil gas is utilized to dry the carbide slag, so that the energy utilization efficiency is improved; meanwhile, the hydrous carbide slag can remove tar and dust in the pyrolysis oil gas, so that the tar and the dust are circularly pyrolyzed along with the carbide slag and finally completely converted into pyrolysis gas, and the utilization rate of raw materials and the added value of products are improved;
(4) the calcium oxide has CO fixing effect2Act to make CO2Concentrated release in a roasting unit, can not only improve the content of effective components in the pyrolysis gas, but also realize high-concentration CO2Centralized treatment is carried out, and carbon emission is reduced;
(5) the garbage pyrolytic solid and the carbide slag are mixed and smelted to prepare the building ceramsite, so that the cost is low; meanwhile, the carbide slag has a good effect of solidifying heavy metals, so that the content of heavy metals in the garbage building material is reduced, and harmless and efficient utilization of pyrolysis solids is realized; second, by volatile components and evolved CO2The surface area of the ceramsite can be effectively improved, the volume weight of the ceramsite is reduced, and the prepared building ceramsite has low cost, high performance and high safety.
(6) The carbide slag is dried by utilizing the sensible heat of pyrolysis oil gas, namely high-temperature raw coke oven gas, and meanwhile, the purification and separation of the pyrolysis oil gas are realized, and the content of combustible gas in the obtained synthesis gas is more than 92.9 percent. The surface area of the prepared building ceramsite is 104m2More than g, wherein the leaching rates of chromium and lead are respectively below 0.037mg/L and 0.062 mg/L.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a system for integrated waste and carbide slag treatment according to the present invention;
1-a garbage pretreatment unit, 2-a carbide slag treatment unit, 3-a mixed forming unit, 4-a pellet pyrolysis unit and 5-a high-temperature roasting unit;
21-airflow drying bed, 22-gas-solid separation device; 201-carbide slag inlet, 202-raw gas inlet, 203-synthetic gas outlet and 204-dried carbide slag outlet;
31-mixing device, 311-mixing tank, 312-stirring device; 32-forming means, 321-hopper and 322-forming pair-roller; 301-a garbage inlet, 302-a dried carbide slag inlet and 303-a mixed pellet outlet;
41-a mixed pellet inlet, 42-a flue gas outlet, 43-a raw gas outlet and 44-a high-temperature pyrolysis pellet outlet;
51-high temperature pyrolysis pellet inlet, 52-CO-rich2Gas outlet, 53-baked ceramsite outlet.
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the process for comprehensive treatment of garbage and carbide slag.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the present invention, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples, is provided to enable the invention and its various aspects and advantages to be better understood. However, the specific embodiments and examples described below are for illustrative purposes only and are not limiting of the invention.
The invention aims to carry out anaerobic pyrolysis on garbage and carbide slag after molding in an anaerobic pyrolysis device to obtain oil gas products and pyrolysis solids with high added values, dry the carbide slag by utilizing sensible heat of pyrolysis oil gas to realize purification and separation of pyrolysis oil gas, calcine pellets after pyrolysis at high temperature through the solidification of calcium oxide serving as a main component of the carbide slag on heavy metals in the garbage to prepare safe and high-performance building ceramsite, and finally release high-concentration CO2And (4) carrying out centralized treatment to reduce carbon emission. Therefore, the invention provides a system for comprehensively treating garbage and carbide slag, which comprises a carbide slag treatment unit 2, a mixed forming unit 3, a pellet pyrolysis unit 4 and a high-temperature roasting unit 5; wherein,
the carbide slag treatment unit 2 comprises a carbide slag inlet 201, a raw gas inlet 202, a synthetic gas outlet 203 and a dried carbide slag outlet 204;
the mixed forming unit 3 comprises a dried carbide slag inlet 302, a garbage inlet 301 and a mixed pellet outlet 303, wherein the dried carbide slag inlet 302 is connected with the dried carbide slag outlet 204;
the pellet pyrolysis unit 4 comprises a mixed pellet inlet 41, a flue gas outlet 42, a raw gas outlet 43 and a high-temperature pyrolysis pellet outlet 44, wherein the mixed pellet inlet 41 is connected with the mixed pellet outlet 303, and the raw gas outlet 43 is connected with the raw gas inlet 202;
the high-temperature roasting unit 5 comprises a high-temperature pyrolysis pellet inlet 51 and a CO-rich material2A gas outlet 52 and a baked ceramsite outlet 53, wherein the high-temperature pyrolysis pellet inlet 51 is connected with the high-temperature pyrolysis pellet outlet 44.
Further, the system still includes rubbish preprocessing unit 1, rubbish preprocessing unit 1 is connected gradually by bag breaking mechanism, rotary screen mechanism, sorting mechanism and broken mechanism and is constituted, broken mechanism connects mix forming unit 3.
Specifically, the device used by the pellet pyrolysis unit 4 is an anaerobic pyrolysis device composed of a preheating zone, a first pyrolysis zone and a second pyrolysis zone, a heating device of the anaerobic pyrolysis device is a heat accumulating type radiant tube with an internal external heating type, no heat carrier is added in the pyrolysis process, and by means of anaerobic pyrolysis, dioxin can be prevented from being generated, and the heat efficiency of the system is improved. The heat accumulating type radiant tube is flexibly installed in the preheating area, the first pyrolysis area and the second pyrolysis area, so that the accurate temperature control of each interval area is realized.
Preferably, the mixed pellet inlet 41 and the mixed pellet outlet 303 are connected through a conveying device, the conveying device is provided with a flue gas inlet (not shown) near one side of the mixed pellet inlet 41, the flue gas inlet is connected with the flue gas outlet 42, and the mixed pellets entering the pellet pyrolysis unit 4 in the conveying device reversely run with flue gas, so as to dry the mixed pellets.
Specifically, the carbide slag treatment unit 2 includes an air flow drying bed 21 and an air-solid separation device 22 connected to each other; the carbide slag inlet 201 and the raw gas inlet 202 are arranged on the pneumatic drying bed 21, the synthetic gas outlet 203 and the dried carbide slag outlet 204 are arranged on the gas-solid separation device 22, and the synthetic gas outlet 203 is connected with a gas purification device and a gas tank; wherein the gas-solid separation device 22 may be a cyclone.
Further, the system further comprises a filter press dryer and an acetylene generator (not shown) connected with each other, and the filter press dryer is connected with the carbide slag inlet 201.
Specifically, the hybrid molding unit 3 includes a mixing device 31 and a molding device 32 connected to each other; the dried carbide slag inlet 302 and the garbage inlet 301 are arranged on the mixing device 31, and the mixed pellet outlet 303 is arranged on the forming device 32. Further, the mixing device 31 includes a mixing tank 311 and a stirring device 312. The forming device 32 comprises a hopper 321, a forming roller pair 322 and a matched power device.
The invention also provides a method for comprehensively treating garbage and carbide slag by using any one of the systems, and the process is shown in figure 2, and the method comprises the following steps:
A. carbide slag treatment: the carbide slag is subjected to filter pressing and then enters an airflow drying bed of a carbide slag treatment unit, and then is directly contacted and dried with raw coke oven gas generated after pyrolysis of garbage to obtain dried carbide slag; meanwhile, the carbide slag adsorbs tar, dust and CO in the raw coke oven gas2High-quality synthesis gas can be obtained;
B. mixing and forming: mixing the dried carbide slag and the garbage material in a mixing and forming unit, and performing compression forming to obtain mixed pellets;
C. and (3) pyrolyzing the pellets: feeding the mixed pellets into the pellet pyrolysis unit, and pyrolyzing the mixed pellets to obtain raw coke oven gas and high-temperature pyrolysis pellets;
D. and (3) high-temperature roasting: directly conveying the high-temperature pyrolysis pellets to the high-temperature roasting unit, and producing high-concentration CO after roasting2And the mineral substances and the coke slag are solidified to heavy metals, so that the safety problem caused by the heavy metals in the garbage building materials is reduced, the garbage is harmlessly and efficiently utilized, and the building ceramsite with high surface area, low volume weight and high safety is obtained.
Further, the method also comprises the step of pretreating the garbage material before mixing and forming, wherein the step comprises the following steps: and sequentially carrying out bag breaking, roller screening, sorting and crushing treatment on the original garbage to obtain the garbage material.
Wherein, the sorting is to sort out large inorganic substances, metals and the like in the garbage;
the crushing refers to crushing large blocks in the garbage to meet the requirement of full pyrolysis of garbage raw materials, wherein the particle size of the garbage materials is controlled to be less than or equal to 15 mm; preferably, the water content of the garbage material is controlled to be 40-60%.
Preferably, in the step B, the mass ratio of the garbage material to the dried carbide slag is 0.8-1.2: 1.
Specifically, in the step C, the mixed pellets are sent into the pellet pyrolysis unit and then sequentially pass through a preheating zone, a first pyrolysis zone and a second pyrolysis zone to complete pyrolysis; wherein the temperature of the preheating zone is 350-500 ℃; the temperature of the first pyrolysis area is 700-800 ℃; the temperature of the second pyrolysis area is 750-850 ℃; further, the pyrolysis time is 30-120min in total; the oxygen content in the hearth is controlled to be less than or equal to 0.3 percent.
Further, in the step D, the roasting temperature is 1200-1300 ℃.
The process for comprehensive treatment of garbage and carbide slag according to the present invention is described in further detail with reference to specific examples, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto, and reference may be made to conventional techniques for processing parameters not specifically mentioned.
Example 1
Sequentially carrying out bag breaking treatment and roller screening treatment on the air-dried base garbage (10t/h), and then sorting and crushing to ensure that the granularity of the garbage is less than or equal to 15mm and the water content is 40%; then mixing the treated garbage with powdery carbide slag (5t/h) obtained by a carbide slag drying unit according to the mass ratio of 1:0.5, and performing compression molding in a high-pressure ball press; conveying the obtained pellets to a material plate of an anaerobic pyrolysis device, wherein the material thickness is 80 mm; the pellets sequentially pass through a preheating zone, a first pyrolysis zone and a second pyrolysis zone in the furnace to complete anaerobic pyrolysis so as to obtain high-value-added raw coke oven gas and high-temperature pyrolysis pellets, wherein the temperature of the preheating zone is 400 ℃, the temperature of the first pyrolysis zone is 750 ℃, the temperature of the second pyrolysis zone is 800 ℃, and the pyrolysis time is 90 min; the high-temperature pyrolysis pellets are directly conveyed to a high-temperature calcining furnace to be calcined at 1100 ℃ to generate high-concentration CO2And realizing the solidification of heavy metals by pyrolyzing mineral substances and coke slag in the solid to obtain the building ceramsite. The surface area of the obtained building ceramsite is 119m2The leaching rates of chromium and lead are respectively 0.024mg/L and 0.054 mg/L; the high-temperature crude gas with the temperature of 700 plus 750 ℃ generated by pyrolysis enters an airflow dryer and is directly contacted and dried with the added filter-pressed carbide slag, so that the water content of the carbide slag is reduced to 19.7 percent; meanwhile, the carbide slag adsorbs tar, dust and CO in the pyrolysis oil gas2And purifying the raw gas to obtain the synthetic gas with the combustible gas content of 92.9 percent, and storing for later use.
Example 2
The process for comprehensively treating the garbage and the carbide slag in the embodiment has the same steps as those of the embodiment 1, but has different process parameters, and specifically comprises the following steps:
sequentially carrying out bag breaking treatment and roller screening treatment on the air-dried garbage, and then sorting and crushing to ensure that the granularity of the garbage is less than or equal to 15mm and the water content is 40%;then mixing the treated garbage with the powdery carbide slag obtained by the carbide slag drying unit according to the mass ratio of 1.2:1, and performing compression molding in a high-pressure ball press; conveying the obtained pellets to a material plate of an anaerobic pyrolysis device, wherein the material thickness is 80 mm; the pellets sequentially pass through a preheating zone, a first pyrolysis zone and a second pyrolysis zone in the furnace to complete anaerobic pyrolysis so as to obtain high-value-added raw coke oven gas and high-temperature pyrolysis pellets, wherein the temperature of the preheating zone is 400 ℃, the temperature of the first pyrolysis zone is 750 ℃, the temperature of the second pyrolysis zone is 800 ℃, and the pyrolysis time is 60 min; the high-temperature pyrolysis pellets are directly conveyed to a high-temperature calcining furnace to be calcined at 1200 ℃ to generate high-concentration CO2And realizing the solidification of heavy metals by pyrolyzing mineral substances and coke slag in the solid to obtain the building ceramsite. The surface area of the obtained building ceramsite is 104m2The leaching rates of chromium and lead are respectively 0.037mg/L and 0.062 mg/L; feeding the high-temperature crude gas with the temperature of 700 plus 750 ℃ generated by pyrolysis into an airflow dryer, and directly contacting and drying the crude gas with the added filter-pressed carbide slag to reduce the water content of the carbide slag to 21.0%; meanwhile, the carbide slag adsorbs tar, dust and CO in the pyrolysis oil gas2And purifying the raw gas to obtain the synthetic gas with the combustible gas content of 93.6 percent, and storing for later use.
Example 3
The process for comprehensively treating the garbage and the carbide slag in the embodiment has the same steps as those of the embodiment 1, but has different process parameters, and specifically comprises the following steps:
sequentially carrying out bag breaking treatment and roller screening treatment on the air-dried garbage, and then sorting and crushing to ensure that the granularity of the garbage is less than or equal to 15mm and the water content is 45%; then mixing the treated garbage with powdery carbide slag obtained by a carbide slag drying unit according to the mass ratio of 0.8:1, and performing compression molding in a high-pressure ball press; conveying the obtained pellets to a material plate of an anaerobic pyrolysis device, wherein the material thickness is 70 mm; the pellets sequentially pass through a preheating zone, a first pyrolysis zone and a second pyrolysis zone in the furnace to complete anaerobic pyrolysis so as to obtain high-value-added raw coke oven gas and high-temperature pyrolysis pellets, wherein the temperature of the preheating zone is 500 ℃, the temperature of the first pyrolysis zone is 800 ℃, and the temperature of the first pyrolysis zone is hotThe temperature of the second pyrolysis zone is 850 ℃, and the pyrolysis time is 30 min; the high-temperature pyrolysis pellets are directly conveyed to a high-temperature calcining furnace to be calcined at 1100 ℃ to generate high-concentration CO2And realizing the solidification of heavy metals by pyrolyzing mineral substances and coke slag in the solid to obtain the building ceramsite. The surface area of the obtained building ceramsite is 121m2The leaching rates of chromium and lead are respectively 0.029mg/L and 0.053 mg/L; the high-temperature crude gas with the temperature of 700 plus 750 ℃ generated by pyrolysis enters an airflow dryer and is directly contacted and dried with the added filter-pressed carbide slag, so that the water content of the carbide slag is reduced to 20.4%; meanwhile, the carbide slag adsorbs tar, dust and CO in the pyrolysis oil gas2And purifying the raw gas to obtain the synthetic gas with the combustible gas content of 94.2%, and storing for later use.
Example 4
The process for comprehensively treating the garbage and the carbide slag in the embodiment has the same steps as those of the embodiment 1, but has different process parameters, and specifically comprises the following steps:
sequentially carrying out bag breaking treatment and roller screening treatment on the air-dried garbage, and then sorting and crushing to ensure that the granularity of the garbage is less than or equal to 15mm and the water content is 60%; then mixing the treated garbage with the powdery carbide slag obtained by the carbide slag drying unit according to the mass ratio of 1:1, and performing compression molding in a high-pressure ball press; conveying the obtained pellets to a material plate of an anaerobic pyrolysis device, wherein the material thickness is 75 mm; the pellets sequentially pass through a preheating zone, a first pyrolysis zone and a second pyrolysis zone in the furnace to complete anaerobic pyrolysis so as to obtain high-value-added raw coke oven gas and high-temperature pyrolysis pellets, wherein the temperature of the preheating zone is 350 ℃, the temperature of the first pyrolysis zone is 700 ℃, the temperature of the second pyrolysis zone is 750 ℃, and the pyrolysis time is 120 min; the high-temperature pyrolysis pellets are directly conveyed into a high-temperature calcining furnace to be calcined at 1300 ℃ to generate high-concentration CO2And realizing the solidification of heavy metals by pyrolyzing mineral substances and coke slag in the solid to obtain the building ceramsite. The surface area of the obtained building ceramsite is 122m2The leaching rates of chromium and lead are respectively 0.031mg/L and 0.049 mg/L; the crude gas with the high temperature of 700-750 ℃ generated by pyrolysis enters an airflow dryer,directly contacting and drying the carbide slag after filter pressing with the added filter pressing to reduce the water content of the carbide slag to 20.6 percent; meanwhile, the carbide slag adsorbs tar, dust and CO in the pyrolysis oil gas2And purifying the raw gas to obtain the synthetic gas with the combustible gas content of 93.6 percent, and storing for later use.
In the embodiment, after the garbage and the carbide slag are molded, anaerobic pyrolysis is carried out in an anaerobic closed pyrolysis device, oil gas products and pyrolysis solids with high added values are obtained, and generation of dioxin is avoided; then, the sensible heat of pyrolysis oil gas, namely high-temperature raw coke oven gas is utilized to dry the carbide slag and realize the purification and separation of the pyrolysis oil gas; finally, the curing effect of calcium oxide which is the main component of the carbide slag on heavy metals in the garbage is fully utilized, the pyrolyzed pellets are calcined at high temperature to prepare safe and high-performance building ceramsite, and finally released high-concentration CO is treated2The centralized treatment is carried out, the carbon emission is reduced, and the recycling, harmlessness and reduction of the garbage and carbide slag treatment are really realized.
Finally, it should be noted that: it should be understood that the above examples are only for clearly illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications of the invention may be made without departing from the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A system for comprehensively treating garbage and carbide slag is characterized by comprising a carbide slag treatment unit, a mixed forming unit, a pellet pyrolysis unit and a high-temperature roasting unit; wherein,
the carbide slag treatment unit comprises a carbide slag inlet, a raw gas inlet, a synthesis gas outlet and a dried carbide slag outlet;
the mixed forming unit comprises a dried carbide slag inlet, a garbage inlet and a mixed pellet outlet, and the dried carbide slag inlet is connected with the dried carbide slag outlet;
the pellet pyrolysis unit comprises a mixed pellet inlet, a flue gas outlet, a raw gas outlet and a high-temperature pyrolysis pellet outlet, the mixed pellet inlet is connected with the mixed pellet outlet, and the raw gas outlet is connected with the raw gas inlet;
the high-temperature roasting unit comprises a high-temperature pyrolysis pellet inlet and is rich in CO2The high-temperature pyrolysis pellet inlet is connected with the high-temperature pyrolysis pellet outlet.
2. The system of claim 1, further comprising a garbage pretreatment unit, wherein the garbage pretreatment unit is formed by sequentially connecting a bag breaking mechanism, a rolling screen mechanism, a sorting mechanism and a crushing mechanism, and the crushing mechanism is connected with the mixing and forming unit.
3. The system of claim 1, wherein the apparatus used in the pellet pyrolysis unit is an anaerobic pyrolysis apparatus consisting of a preheating zone, a first pyrolysis zone, and a second pyrolysis zone.
4. The system of claim 1, wherein the mixed pellet inlet and the mixed pellet outlet are connected by a conveyor, and the conveyor is provided with a flue gas inlet connected with the flue gas outlet at a side close to the mixed pellet inlet.
5. The system of claim 1, wherein the carbide slag treatment unit comprises an air flow dryer bed and an air-solid separation device connected to each other; the carbide slag inlet and the raw gas inlet are arranged on the pneumatic drying bed, and the synthesis gas outlet and the dried carbide slag outlet are arranged on the gas-solid separation device.
6. The system of claim 1, wherein the hybrid molding unit comprises a mixing device and a molding device connected to each other; wherein, dry back carbide slag entry with the rubbish entry is established mixing arrangement, the mixed pellet export is established forming device.
7. A method for the integrated treatment of refuse and carbide slag by means of a system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that it comprises:
A. carbide slag treatment: after the carbide slag enters the carbide slag treatment unit, directly contacting and drying the carbide slag and raw coke oven gas generated after pyrolysis of garbage to obtain dried carbide slag; meanwhile, the carbide slag adsorbs tar, dust and CO in the raw coke oven gas2Obtaining synthesis gas;
B. mixing and forming: mixing the dried carbide slag and the garbage material in a mixing and forming unit, and performing compression forming to obtain mixed pellets;
C. and (3) pyrolyzing the pellets: feeding the mixed pellets into the pellet pyrolysis unit, and pyrolyzing the mixed pellets to obtain raw coke oven gas and high-temperature pyrolysis pellets;
D. and (3) high-temperature roasting: directly conveying the high-temperature pyrolysis pellets to the high-temperature roasting unit, and producing high-concentration CO after roasting2And solidifying the heavy metal by using mineral substances and coke slag to obtain the building ceramsite.
8. A method according to claim 7, characterized in that the particle size of the waste material is controlled to be 15mm or less.
9. The method as claimed in claim 7, wherein in step C, the mixed pellets are fed into the pellet pyrolysis unit and then sequentially pass through a preheating zone, a first pyrolysis zone and a second pyrolysis zone to complete pyrolysis; wherein the temperature of the preheating zone is 350-500 ℃; the temperature of the first pyrolysis area is 700-800 ℃; the temperature of the second pyrolysis zone is 750-850 ℃.
10. The method according to claim 7, wherein in the step B, the mass ratio of the garbage material to the dried carbide slag is 0.8-1.2: 1.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108913880A (en) * | 2018-08-27 | 2018-11-30 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 | Using the molding method of raw coke oven gas supplies and for the material of smelting iron and steel |
| CN109055735A (en) * | 2018-08-27 | 2018-12-21 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 | Using the molding method of raw coke oven gas supplies and for the material of smelting iron and steel |
| CN111717929A (en) * | 2020-07-10 | 2020-09-29 | 沈阳鑫博工业技术股份有限公司 | Carbide slag comprehensive utilization device and method |
| CN111745811A (en) * | 2020-06-12 | 2020-10-09 | 浙江省生态环境科学设计研究院 | Pre-kiln pretreatment method for preparing ceramsite by aiming at heavy metal contaminated soil |
-
2017
- 2017-09-22 CN CN201710866905.0A patent/CN107541223A/en active Pending
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108913880A (en) * | 2018-08-27 | 2018-11-30 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 | Using the molding method of raw coke oven gas supplies and for the material of smelting iron and steel |
| CN109055735A (en) * | 2018-08-27 | 2018-12-21 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 | Using the molding method of raw coke oven gas supplies and for the material of smelting iron and steel |
| CN109055735B (en) * | 2018-08-27 | 2019-11-12 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 | Using the molding method of raw coke oven gas supplies and for the material of smelting iron and steel |
| CN111745811A (en) * | 2020-06-12 | 2020-10-09 | 浙江省生态环境科学设计研究院 | Pre-kiln pretreatment method for preparing ceramsite by aiming at heavy metal contaminated soil |
| CN111745811B (en) * | 2020-06-12 | 2021-07-27 | 浙江省生态环境科学设计研究院 | Pre-kiln pretreatment method for preparing ceramsite by aiming at heavy metal contaminated soil |
| CN111717929A (en) * | 2020-07-10 | 2020-09-29 | 沈阳鑫博工业技术股份有限公司 | Carbide slag comprehensive utilization device and method |
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