CN208561944U - A kind of earth's surface water pre-treatment means and graphene filter - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a kind of earth's surface water pre-treatment means and graphene filters, including sequentially connected whirlwind solid-liquid separator, precipitation unit, graphene filter, flocculation unit, precipitation unit, filter element, disinfection unit, the water quality of surface water can be improved with substances such as the filtering all size particle of sub-unit, algae in earth's surface water pre-treatment means.

Description

A kind of earth's surface water pre-treatment means and graphene filter

Technical field

The utility model relates to a kind of water treatment facilities, in particular to a kind of earth's surface water pre-treatment means and graphene filtering Device.

Background technique

Using surface water as the conventional water treatment system at water source, generally there are mixing, flocculation, precipitating, filtering and disinfection several Key link.

Rough can be divided into coagulation mixing, flocculation, precipitating and two stage treatment filters two stages.This underground water Processing system is established on the basis of being main process object with Clay Colloids particle and pathogenic bacteria, what processing method was directed to It is stability caused by the water chemical action of colloidal solid Brownian movement, intergranular electrostatic repulsion and particle surface.At level-one The technological core of reason is the ionization property using flocculant, play its ionization, hydrolysate pressurized water in colloid electric double layer and The effects of electrically neutralization, high polymer long chain shape adsorption bridging and sediment volume are swept, makes impurities in water loss of stability, forms big Floccule body simultaneously precipitates removal.Two stage treatment then imitates natural filter, is shut off using filtrate to the effects of adherency of particle and is hanged in water Floating impurity.Pretreatment is the various treatment measures before conventional processes are arranged in, and the floating in raw water is screened out including grid Sundries, pre- chlorine add, and adjust the value of raw water, silt particle preliminary sedimentation and to add Powdered Activated Carbon or biofiltration etc. each in preliminary sedimentation tank Kind technological measure.

The pretreatment system in China is mainly that pre- chlorine adds, i.e., in the starting point low dose chlorination of long distance water transfer pipe, or Chlorine purpose is thrown before preliminary sedimentation tank to be had the preliminary microorganism killed in water, oxidation of organic compounds, increases coagulation, guarantees adequately disinfection effect Fruit etc..Adding for Powdered Activated Carbon is mostly seasonal, when water quality seriously pollutes, uses to remove stink and organic matter Provisional measure.Since China's standard of living is limited, Powdered Activated Carbon, which adds, is affected to water producing cost, and use is not popularized, Only when source water pollution is serious, seasonality is added for most Running-water Companies.Still make us in terms of the effect for adding Powdered Activated Carbon Satisfied.

The above processing technique is the surface water preconditioning technique that China generallys use at present, this technology there are the problem of Have:

1, pretreatment early period increases probability of the chlorine in conjunction with organic matter in water body using " pre- chlorine adds " mode, produced The carcinogenic substances such as haloform increase the difficulty in subsequent treatment process.

2, early period, pretreatment used " Powdered Activated Carbon adds ", increased processing cost, and be not whole addition, because The effect that this is played is limited.

3, since China's the South and the North water body is widely different, for the rainy season a large amount of silts of north flood bring and southern water body In a large amount of silt and algae it is substantially invalid using above-mentioned preprocess method.

Utility model content

The main purpose of the utility model is to provide a kind of earth's surface water pre-treatment means and graphene filter, to improve ground The water quality of table water.

A kind of earth's surface water pre-treatment means include sequentially connected whirlwind solid-liquid separator, precipitation unit, graphene filtering Device, flocculation unit, precipitation unit, filter element, disinfection unit.

Further, precipitation unit is sedimentation basin, and flocculation unit is flocculation basin, and filter element is filtering ponds, disinfection unit For sterilization pool.

Further, sedimentation basin is one kind of rectangular sedimentation tank, vertical sedimentation basin and radical sedimentation basin.

Further, flocculation basin is the one of partition flocculation basin, folded plate flocculator, mechanical stirring flocculation basin and grid flocculation Kind.

Further, graphene filter includes cabinet, graphene filter screen；Cabinet has inlet and outlet, stone Black alkene filter screen is arranged in cabinet.

Further, graphene filter screen is the hollow circuit cylinder bodily form；The internal void of water inlet and the hollow circuit cylinder bodily form Divide connection.

Further, graphene filter includes backwash water pipe, and the upper of graphene filter screen is arranged in backwash water pipe Side.

Further, cabinet includes filtered water tank and inlet tank, and water inlet is arranged in inlet tank, and water outlet, stone is arranged in filtered water tank Black alkene filter screen can be rotatably set in filtered water tank；Inlet tank is connected to the inner space of the hollow circuit cylinder bodily form.

Further, graphene filter further includes dirt collection blowdown apparatus；Dirt collection blowdown apparatus includes being arranged in graphene Conical hopper inside filter screen and extend to external sewage pipe；The connection of the lower section of sewage pipe and conical hopper.

A kind of graphene filter, including cabinet, graphene filter screen；Cabinet has inlet and outlet, graphene Filter screen is arranged in cabinet.

Further, graphene filter screen is the hollow circuit cylinder bodily form；The internal void of water inlet and the hollow circuit cylinder bodily form Divide connection；

Further.Graphene filter includes backwash water pipe, and the upper of graphene filter screen is arranged in backwash water pipe Side；

Further, cabinet includes filtered water tank and inlet tank, and water inlet is arranged in inlet tank, and water outlet, stone is arranged in filtered water tank Black alkene filter screen can be rotatably set in filtered water tank；Inlet tank is connected to the inner space of the hollow circuit cylinder bodily form；

Further, graphene filter includes cabinet, graphene filter screen；Cabinet has inlet and outlet, stone Black alkene filter screen is arranged in cabinet；

Further, graphene filter further includes dirt collection blowdown apparatus；Dirt collection blowdown apparatus includes being arranged in graphene Conical hopper inside filter screen and extend to external sewage pipe；The connection of the lower section of sewage pipe and conical hopper.

By adopting the above-described technical solution, the technical effect that the utility model obtains has:

Earth's surface water pre-treatment means provided by the utility model, due to using sequentially connected whirlwind solid-liquid separator, sinking Shallow lake unit, graphene filter, flocculation unit, precipitation unit, filter element, disinfection unit, the filtering all size of branch point The substances such as particle, algae, whole device can effectively pre-process surface water, and the water quality of surface water is improved.

The utility model earth's surface water pre-treatment means can be effective since surface water initially enters whirlwind solid-liquid separator Large particles, solid content and the part algae such as separation of sediment, avoid surface water carry a large amount of silts and caused by surprisingly cut off the water Accident guarantees the just common water of the people, and it is innoxious that the solid waste ejected can also be transported to the progress of solid waste treatment plant Processing protects environment.

The utility model proposes the process routes of new processing surface water.

The utility model earth's surface water pre-treatment means are due to filtering the algae in water body and thin using graphene filter Small particle reduces the use of the chemical agents such as chlorine, potassium permanganate, can effectively avoid causing processed surface water Secondary chemical contamination graphene film bearing strength is high, and penetrating amount is big, and graphene filter occupied area is small (about 50 ㎡), handles water Big (20,000 tpds) are measured, the throughput of every square metre of film is up to 50t/h；The wastewater flow rate of generation is low, only the 3 ‰ of inflow, place It is good to manage effect, delivery turbidity is less than 10NTU, and operating cost is low, and freestanding graphene filter screen service life is long, can independently tear open It removes, replaces safe and convenient, the large particles such as silt particle filtered out can also collect, and be sent to sludge composting system.

The utility model earth's surface water pre-treatment means can be according to the actual conditions of local surface water and the ground manage bar on construction ground Part selection ensure that the two units are efficiently run, while improving whole using the precipitation unit and flocculation unit that match The working efficiency of a device.

Detailed description of the invention

Fig. 1 is the overall structure figure of the water pre-treatment means of the utility model.

Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of the graphene filter of the water pre-treatment means of the utility model.

Fig. 3 is another angled arrangement schematic diagram of the graphene filter of the water pre-treatment means of the utility model.

Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of the equipment cyclone hydraulic separators of the water pre-treatment means of the utility model.

Description of symbols

1, whirlwind solid-liquid separator, 2, precipitation unit, 3, graphene filter, 31, filtered water tank, 311, water outlet, 32, into Water tank, 321, water inlet, 33, graphene filter screen, 34, dirt collection blowdown apparatus, 341, conical hopper, 342, sewage pipe, 35, anti- Flushing pipe, 4, flocculation unit, 5, precipitation unit, 6, filter element, 7, disinfection unit, 81, cylinder, 82, cone, 83, surface water Import, 84, underflow outlet, 85, central tube, 86, overflow outlet.

Specific embodiment

In order to have further understanding to the technical solution of the utility model and beneficial effect, cooperate attached drawing detailed below Illustrate the beneficial effect of the technical solution of the utility model and its generation.

As shown in Figure 1, the earth's surface water pre-treatment means of the present embodiment, including it is sequentially connected whirlwind solid-liquid separator 1, heavy Shallow lake unit 2, graphene filter 3, flocculation unit 4, precipitation unit 5, filter element 6, disinfection unit 7.

Surface water enters pretreatment unit, is introduced into whirlwind solid-liquid separator 1, and whirlwind solid-liquid separator 1 can effectively remove Bulky grain silt, solid content and part algae in underground water.It is single that the liquid water come out from whirlwind solid-liquid separator 1 enters precipitating First 2(sedimentation basin), sedimentation basin can effectively remove suspended matter in water by the precipitation of water itself, by the surface water of sedimentation basin It is unique up to 2630m2/g since graphene filter screen 33 has the specific surface area of superelevation into graphene filter 3 π-is pi-conjugated to have extremely strong adsorptivity, along with a large amount of functional group that graphene can load, it is controllable allow by substance Type.Therefore, graphene filter 3 can effectively intercept solid particulate matter, colloidal particle, oily substance etc. in surface water, also Can in surface water little particle and algae be filtered.Preferably, graphene and metal base are compounded to form by the present embodiment Graphene-based metal nethike embrane has absorption property is strong, selectivity passes through, film layer is controllable, filter efficiency is high, mechanical strength is big etc. Feature.The film has hydrophily, and water can be quickly through, and oils and impurity particle then not easily pass through, for solid particle polluter It is the nethike embrane barrier through being formed, is then that adsorbing separation is carried out by the charge attraction power in functional group for colloidal particle.Solid Waste material is transported to solid waste treatment plant and carries out harmless treatment, this process can make water outlet reach 20NTU or less.Raw water by Graphene processing can be guaranteed by the series and parallel of more graphene equipment when turbidity significantly changes caused by seasonal effect System realizes the pretreating effect of water body to the removal effect of turbidity.Preferably, the turbidity of the water come out from graphene filter Lower than 10NTU, therefore the usage amount of flocculant can be reduced.

Enter flocculation unit 4(flocculation basin by the surface water that graphene filter 3 is handled), in surface water and flocculation basin Flocculant makes the particle in surface water form flocculate, subsequently into precipitation unit 5(sedimentation basin by being sufficiently mixed) and filtering Unit 6(filtering ponds), flocculate for forming the particulate matter in surface water etc. is deposited, filtering.Finally, surface water enters disinfection Unit 7(sterilization pool), the microorganism in surface water can be effectively killed by the surface water that sterilization pool is handled.Surface water is by entire The processing of earth's surface water pre-treatment means can effectively cross various particulate matters and algae in drainage, and can be to earth's surface water sterilization.Entirely Device can pre-process surface water, and since device uses advanced graphene filter screen 33, not only treatment effeciency Height, filter effect is good, itself operating cost is also especially low.

Fig. 2 to Fig. 3 is please referred to, is the graphene filtration device structure of the utility model earth's surface water pre-treatment means.Graphene Filter 3 includes cabinet, graphene filter screen 33, dirt collection blowdown apparatus 34.Cabinet includes filtered water tank 31 and inlet tank 32.Water inlet Water inlet 321 is arranged in case 32, and the water by precipitation unit 2 flows into the inlet tank 32 of graphene filter 3 from water inlet 321, clearly Water outlet 311 is arranged in water tank 31, by the water that graphene filter 3 filters, flows out from water outlet 311.

Preferably, the lower half portion of inlet tank 32 is arranged in water inlet 321, and water outlet 311 is arranged under filtered water tank 31 Half part.Graphene filter screen 33 is hollow circuit cylinder bodily form structure, and water inlet 321 passes through inlet tank 32 and the hollow circuit cylinder bodily form Inner space connection, the graphene filter screen 33 of the hollow circuit cylinder bodily form are rotatably arranged in filtered water tank 31.

Dirt collection blowdown apparatus 34 include be arranged in conical hopper 341 inside the hollow circuit cylinder bodily form and with below conical hopper The sewage pipe 342 of connection, sewage pipe 342 extend to the outside of cabinet (inlet tank 32), and conical hopper 341 is received for accepting The pollutant collected, pollutant are drained by sewage pipe 342 to outside.Graphene filter 3 further includes being mounted on filtered water tank 31 The backwash water pipe 35 of inner upper, backwash water pipe 35 can will attach the dirts such as the particle inside graphene filter screen 33 It rushes in the conical hopper 341 of dirt collection blowdown apparatus 34, then is washed out by sewage pipe 342.

Specifically, into the surface water of graphene filter 3, enter inlet tank from water inlet 321, then surface water into Entering in the graphene filter screen 33 of rotation, particle etc. is adsorbed on graphene filter screen 33, meanwhile, graphene filter screen 33 revolves Turn, routinely can provide water flow, graphite of the water that backwash tube 35 is gone out to hollow cylinder shape to backwash water pipe 35 Alkene filter screen 33 carries out jet douche, and the taper that the particle for being adsorbed on graphene filter screen 33 rushes in dirt collection blowdown apparatus 34 is leaked 341 the inside of bucket, then drains by sewage pipe 342, and treated surface water then enters filtered water tank 31, passes through water outlet 311 flow into next unit.

In another embodiment of the utility model, whirlwind solid-liquid separator includes reprinting and the spiral transferring with hollow rotating shaft Device is sent, surface water to be treated has hollow rotating shaft to be sent into rotating cylinder, under the action of the centrifugal force that rotation generates, the solids such as silt particle It is intracavitary that object is dumped into rotary drum.Since specific gravity is different, is formed and be separated by solid-liquid separation.Promotion of the substances such as particulate matter in auger conveyor Under, the tapered end of rotary drum is transported to by exporting continuous discharge；Surface water outside crest of weir " overflow " to rotary drum by gravity then by being discharged.Rotation Wind solid-liquid separator can form high-content, large-sized body refuse superposed layer wherein under stable operating condition, from its bottom The reacting between the initial molecule formed and particle in superposed layer after taking off surely of entrance, belongs to partial size and content difference is outstanding The binding force between suspended particulate that reaction between different two kinds of particles, molecule and content are high, surface area is big is much larger than Binding force between molecule, the combination of particle and growth in such a way that molecule is in suspended particulate surface one-by-one attachment into Row makes the particle internal voids of growth reach minimum, density maximum, and sedimentation effect is best, is handled by whirlwind solid-liquid separator Surface water up to 500NTU or less.

In the another embodiment of the utility model, referring to Fig. 4, whirlwind solid-liquid separator can also use cyclone hydraulic separators Instead of.Cyclone hydraulic separators is also known as hydrocyclone, is to make solids in suspension particle enrichment using centrifugal sedimentation principle, or make to hang The equipment that the particle that partial size is different in supernatant liquid and density is different is classified, cyclone hydraulic separators main body includes cylinder 81 and cone 82 Two parts, cylinder 81 and cone 82 are connected to by central tube 85, are equipped with underflow outlet 84 in the bottom of cone 82, overflow outlet 86 is set In 81 outside of cylinder, the outer upper side of cone 82 is equipped with surface-water inlet 83.Surface-water inlet of the surface water from 81 top of cone After 83 enter cyclone hydraulic separators, rotation flows downward, and the larger heavier particle in surface water settles under the influence of centrifugal force To wall, and drop to water flow the underflow outlet 84 of 82 bottom of cone, becomes thicker suspension (underflow) and be discharged.Clarification Surface water or containing the smaller surface water compared with light particle, then upward inward eddy (overflow) is formed, through central upper portion Guan Congding 86 discharge of portion's overflow outlet.

Because the density contrast between solid-liquid is smaller than the density contrast between solid gas, under certain tangential inlet speed, minor diameter Cylinder is conducive to increase centrifugal inertial force, to improve sinking speed；Meanwhile cone 82 lengthens the stroke that can increase liquid stream, thus Extend the residence time of suspension in the separator.

Cyclone hydraulic separators can be used cast iron quality, the caliber of surface-water inlet 83 and exports 86 arm diameter sizes with overflow and is setting Size that can be as needed in meter manufacture uses adjustable device.Serious mill is generated when quickly moving due to particle along wall Damage also can be used wear-resistant material manufacture or make liner using wear-resistant material for expanded service life.

Because production capacity is contradictory with separative efficiency, so often multiple cyclone hydraulic separators are in parallel, group of then connecting again At cyclone hydraulic separators group.When without using three-level sieve, in order to improve separative efficiency, usually three-level cyclone hydraulic separators is connected, often Two cyclone hydraulic separators parallel connections of grade, i.e. composition cyclone hydraulic separators group.If underflow at different levels is diluter, it should also add level-one rotary filter press Device separates it again, and overflow returns to cinder cream pond, and underflow then proceeds to slag tip with trolley.

It, can be with serial or parallel connection according to the actual water quality situation of surface water in the other embodiments of the utility model More graphene filters guarantee the pretreating effect to surface water.According to the type in local actual conditions selective precipitation pond And the type of flocculation basin.

Although the utility model is illustrated using above-mentioned preferred embodiment, it is not intended to limit the utility model Protection scope, anyone skilled in the art are within the spirit and scope for not departing from the utility model, relatively above-mentioned implementation Example carry out it is various variation with modification still fall within the range that the utility model is protected, therefore, the protection scope of the utility model with Subject to claims are defined.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of earth's surface water pre-treatment means characterized by comprising

Sequentially connected whirlwind solid-liquid separator, precipitation unit, graphene filter, flocculation unit, precipitation unit, filtering are single Member, disinfection unit.

2. earth's surface water pre-treatment means according to claim 1, which is characterized in that

The precipitation unit is sedimentation basin, and the flocculation unit is flocculation basin, and the filter element is filtering ponds, and the disinfection is single Member is sterilization pool.

3. earth's surface water pre-treatment means according to claim 2, which is characterized in that

The sedimentation basin is one kind of rectangular sedimentation tank, vertical sedimentation basin and radical sedimentation basin；

The flocculation basin is one kind of partition flocculation basin, folded plate flocculator, mechanical stirring flocculation basin and grid flocculation.

4. earth's surface water pre-treatment means according to claim 1, which is characterized in that

The graphene filter includes cabinet, graphene filter screen, dirt collection blowdown apparatus；The cabinet has water inlet and goes out The mouth of a river.

5. earth's surface water pre-treatment means according to claim 4, which is characterized in that

The graphene filter screen is the hollow circuit cylinder bodily form；The interior hollow section of the water inlet and the hollow circuit cylinder bodily form Connection.

6. earth's surface water pre-treatment means according to claim 5, which is characterized in that

The graphene filter includes backwash water pipe, and the upper of the graphene filter screen is arranged in the backwash water pipe Side.

7. water pre-treatment means according to claim 6, which is characterized in that

The cabinet includes filtered water tank and inlet tank, and the water inlet is arranged in the inlet tank, and the filtered water tank setting is described out The mouth of a river, the graphene filter screen can be rotatably set in the filtered water tank；The inlet tank and the hollow circuit cylinder bodily form Inner space connection.

8. water pre-treatment means according to claim 7, which is characterized in that

The graphene filter further includes dirt collection blowdown apparatus；The dirt collection blowdown apparatus includes being arranged in the graphene mistake The conical hopper of interior and the sewage pipe for extending to outside；The sewage pipe is connect with the lower section of the conical hopper.

9. a kind of graphene filter, which is characterized in that the graphene filter includes cabinet, graphene filter screen；It is described Cabinet has inlet and outlet, and the graphene filter screen is arranged in the cabinet.

10. graphene filter according to claim 9, which is characterized in that

The graphene filter screen is the hollow circuit cylinder bodily form；The interior hollow section of the water inlet and the hollow circuit cylinder bodily form Connection；

The graphene filter includes backwash water pipe, and the upper of the graphene filter screen is arranged in the backwash water pipe Side；

The cabinet includes filtered water tank and inlet tank, and the water inlet is arranged in the inlet tank, and the filtered water tank setting is described out The mouth of a river, the graphene filter screen can be rotatably set in the filtered water tank；The inlet tank and the hollow circuit cylinder bodily form Inner space connection；

The graphene filter further includes dirt collection blowdown apparatus；The dirt collection blowdown apparatus includes being arranged in the graphene mistake The conical hopper of interior and the sewage pipe for extending to outside；The sewage pipe is connect with the lower section of the conical hopper.