CN208489784U - A kind of multistage spoke for electric vehicle interlocks rotor permanent magnet synchronous motor - Google Patents

Abstract

Interlock rotor permanent magnet synchronous motor the utility model discloses a kind of multistage spoke for electric vehicle, including stator and rotor, the rotor is spliced by the identical rotor of even number section along axial direction, every section of rotor has the p flanks being interspersed, the flank of adjacent two-stage rotor interlocks 360/2p degree, same polarity is presented in the flank of every section of rotor, opposite polarity is presented in the flank of adjacent two-stage rotor, flank is connect with rotor yoke, adjacent two-stage rotor connects axis connection by rotor, magnetic flux a part that permanent magnet generates enters stator by air gap and forms main flux, another part passes through the flank of adjacent two-stage rotor, rotor yoke and rotor connecting shaft form closed magnetic circuit, excitation winding is laid in rotor connecting shaft, the magnetic flux by closed magnetic circuit is adjusted by changing the electric current of excitation winding, it realizes and adjusts motor Air gap main flux widened the economical operation range of motor to realize composite excitation function.

Description

A kind of multistage spoke for electric vehicle interlocks rotor permanent magnet synchronous motor

Technical field

The utility model relates to a kind of permanent magnet synchronous motors, and in particular to a kind of multistage spoke type for electric vehicle is staggered P-m rotor permanent-magnet synchronous driving motor.

Background technique

In recent years, with the raising of permanent-magnet material high temperature resistance and the reduction of price, magneto national defence, industry, Agricultural be widely used in daily life, to high-power, multifunction and direction be miniaturized develop, permanent magnetism The kind and application field of motor constantly expand.The power of permanent magnet motor is from several milliwatts to several megawatts, application range at present From small to toy motor, the large-scale magneto used is drawn to naval vessel greatly, in national economy, daily life, war industry, boat The various aspects of empty space flight are widely used.Main application is as follows:

(1) household electrical appliance: including TV audio and video equipment, fan, hanging outdoor unit of air conditioner, food processor, kitchen ventilator etc..

(2) computer and its peripheral equipment: including computer (driver, fan etc.), printer, plotter, CD-ROM drive, light Disk CD writer, scanner etc..

(3) industrial production: including industrial drives device, material processing system, automation equipment, robot, transmission system Deng.

(4) automobile industry: including permanent magnetism starter motor, wiper motor, door-lock motor, seat lifting motor, sunshading ceiling Motor, cleaning pump motor, recorder motor, glass lifting motor, radiator cooling fan motor, air conditioner motor, antenna liter Motor, Oil pump electrical machinery, rearview mirror adjusting etc. are dropped.

(5) public life field: including clock and watch, beauty machinery, automatic vending machine, ATM, paper money counter etc..

(6) traffic and transport field: including electric car, aircraft ancillary equipment, naval vessel etc..

(7) space industry: including rocket, satellite, spaceship, space shuttle etc..

(8) national defence: including tank, guided missile, submarine, aircraft etc..

(9) medical field: including dental drill, artificial heart, medical instrument etc..

(10) power field: including wind-power electricity generation, cogeneration, miniature hydro-power generation, small-sized internal combustion generating set hair Motor and the pilot exciter of large-scale generator etc..

(11) novel pure electric automobile field: under the main trend that current environmental protection and energy problem are concerned, to solve The shortcomings that orthodox car pollutes environment and uses non-renewable energy resources, the trend of accelerated development is presented in electric car；It is electronic simultaneously Automobile intelligence easy to accomplish, facilitates the safety for improving vehicle and service performance.Electric car is to its drive system Good with direct torque ability, torque density is high, reliable for operation, and big wait of speed adjustable range requires, and therefore, studies and develops Gao Shui Flat driving motor for electric automobile has great importance.

Conventional permanent magnet motor is generally divided into following 4 class: permanent magnet direct current motor, asynchronous starting permasyn morot, Brushless, permanently excited direct current motor and speed regulation permasyn morot.

Permanent magnet direct current motor and difference of the conventional DC motor in structure be the former eliminate excitation winding and Pole core, and being replaced with permanent magnetism magnetic pole has the characteristics that simple structure, high reliablity, high-efficient, small in size, light-weight, big Most permanent magnet direct current motors are micromotors, have obtained answering extensively in electronic toy, household electrical appliance, auto industry With wherein application development in the automotive industry is most fast.

It is essentially identical on brshless DC motor and speed regulation permanent magnetic synchronous motor structure, it is polyphase windings on stator, on rotor For permanent magnet, their main distinction is brshless DC motor according to rotor position information realization motor synchronizing.They the advantages of, exist In: brush-commutated device is eliminated, reliability improves；Loss is mainly generated by stator, and radiating condition is good；It is small in size, it is light-weight.

Asynchronous starting permasyn morot is with the difference on speed regulation permanent magnet synchronous motor structure: the former has on rotor Start winding or the integrated iron core with starting effect, energy self-starting can be in electric online operation without control system.

The difference that permanent magnet synchronous motor places mode according to the permanent magnet on rotor is adjusted the speed, surface-type rotor knot can be divided into Structure and two kinds of built-in rotor structure:

In surface-type rotor structure, permanent magnet is processed to arc, is directly anchored to the outer surface of rotor, and permanent magnet is direct Towards motor gas-gap, the magnetic flux that permanent magnet generates is directly over air gap and enters stator formation useful flux；With built-in rotor knot Structure is compared, and the permanent magnet in surface-type rotor structure is due to being rest directly upon rotor surface, and permanent magnet needs are processed into and rotor To form even air gap with the arcuate shape that air gap matches to guarantee, due to the frangible characteristic of permanent-magnet material, accurate processing compared with It is more demanding to processing technology for complexity, it is at high cost.Further, since permanent magnet is rest directly upon rotor surface, motor operation When, due to the effect of centrifugal force, it is desirable that no latitude band binding and fixing must be wound outside permanent magnet, when avoiding rotor high speed rotation forever Magnet falls off damage；Since the air gap flux density of permanent magnet and the width of permanent magnet are proportional, when permanent magnet When width determines, empty load of motor air gap flux density determines therewith, and when being actually designed, motor permanent magnet width is by unloaded air gap The restriction of flux density；Since permanent magnet is directly facing motor gas-gap, when motor needs to carry out weak magnetism speed expansion control i.e. using i_dDiffer When 0 control, the magnetic flux that armature winding generates can face the risk of irreversible demagnetization directly through permanent magnet, permanent magnet；Due to The magnetic conductivity and air of permanent-magnet material are very close to the reactance of d axis and q axis is equal in surface-type rotor structure, when motor operation only Torque is generated by permanent magnetic field and armature field interaction, reluctance torque cannot be generated, the torque density and power of motor are close It spends lower compared with built-in rotor structure；Surface-type rotor structure cannot place starting mouse cage on the outside of rotor, and motor cannot Realize self-starting.

In built-in rotor structure, permanent magnet is embedded into rotor core according to certain requirement, and permanent magnet is in iron core Middle generation magnetic flux, the insertion of permanent magnet is various informative in built-in rotor structure, and permanent magnet can be carried out according to different requirements Poly- magnetic effect is realized in series-parallel combination, meets actual performance needs；Compared with surface-type rotor structure, in built-in rotor structure Permanent magnet be not placed in rotor surface not instead of directly, be embedded into rotor core by certain form, permanent magnet is not It is directly facing motor gas-gap, permanent magnet is fixed by the permanent magnet trough in rotor, without no latitude band bundled fixed, rotor machine Tool structural integrity is good, high reliablity when motor high speed rotation；Permanent magnet can be flexible with parallel connection by connecting between each other Poly- magnetic effect is realized in combination, can obtain the much bigger air gap flux density of specific surface formula rotor structure, power of motor density and torque Density is higher than surface-type rotor structure；Motor pole embrace and air gap flux density are not directly dependent upon, can be only respectively in design It is vertical to be configured；Under overload condition, since permanent magnet is not directly facing air gap, the risk of demagnetization can be reduced.

There are following technical disadvantages for existing permanent magnet synchronous motor:

1, the permanent magnet of permanent magnet synchronous motor is fixed, and the main flux of motor is just it has been determined that excitation mode after permanent magnet determines It is single, it has not been convenient to every pole magnetic flux of motor to be controlled, output-constant operation narrow range, speed adjustable range is not wide in range enough.

2, the path passed through according to d axis magnetic flux when weak magnetic is different, and the permanent magnet synchronous motor of existing built-in rotor structure can To be divided into two classes, one type, when carrying out weak magnetic control, the d axis magnetic flux that armature winding generates can pass through the permanent magnet of motor, Cause permanent magnet irreversible demagnetization, in addition a kind of, when carrying out weak magnetic control, the d axis magnetic flux that armature winding generates is without forever Magnet closure, but the magnetic field that d shaft current generates forces more rotor fluxs by the end of motor and end cap closure, it is significant to increase The big leakage magnetic flux of motor, and since motor end magnetic resistance is usually more much bigger than air-gap reluctance, d required for weak magnetic Shaft current is larger, significantly increases the cost and winding copper loss of power of motor inverter.

3, when existing permanent magnet synchronous motor carries out weak-magnetic speed-regulating, still led to using the in the majority of vector controlled in speed-regulating system It is often to be controlled by controller stator armature electric current, the weak magnetic adjusting of motor is changed not from structure, electricity The weak magnetic property of machine may be undesirable, and the controller cost and control difficulty needed increases.

Utility model content

In order to overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art, the utility model provides a kind of multistage spoke type friendship for electric vehicle Shift p-m rotor permanent-magnet synchronous driving motor, the rotor of the utility model motor are spliced by multipiece rotor, every section of rotor In yoke portion there are p rib formations to be uniformly distributed, p is the number of pole-pairs of motor, and the flank of adjacent two-stage rotor forms certain Stagger angle, staggered degree is related with number of poles, is 360/2p degree, and opposite magnetic pole is presented in the flank of adjacent two-stage rotor Property, the part magnetic flux for generating permanent magnet passes through in staggered rib formations and is formed closed magnetic circuit, each section of rotor Flank be connected with rotor yoke, the yoke portion of every section of rotor passes through a roots rotor connecting shaft and links together, rotor connection Excitation winding is laid on axis, by the size and Orientation for the excitation winding electric current placed in rotor connecting shaft, is adjusted by electricity The magnetic flux of machine flank realizes the composite excitation of motor so as to control every pole magnetic flux of motor.

The technical scheme adopted by the utility model is

A kind of multistage spoke for electric vehicle interlocks rotor permanent magnet synchronous motor, including stator and at least four sections are placed with one heart Rotor, rotor respectively it is built-in in the stator and with stator coaxial placement, connected between adjacent two-stage rotor by rotor connecting shaft It is connected together, every section of rotor includes rotor yoke and multiple flanks being uniformly distributed and be spaced magnetic pole setting, the rib of every section of rotor Portion is connected with rotor yoke；The flank of adjacent two-stage rotor forms stagger angle, is provided with permanent magnet, permanent magnet in every section of rotor Magnetic flux a part of generation forms closed magnetic circuit by the flank of adjacent two-stage rotor, rotor yoke and rotor connecting shaft；Each Excitation winding is laid respectively in rotor connecting shaft, by changing the excitation winding electric current in each rotor connecting shaft, is adjusted logical The magnetic flux of each closed magnetic circuit is crossed, to control every pole magnetic flux of motor, realizes the composite excitation of motor, wherein rotor is real Core structure and permanent magnet embedding structure, the structure of every section of rotor are identical.

Further, angle is 360/p degree between two neighboring flank on every section of rotor；The flank of two neighboring rotor Stagger angle is 360/2p degree, and p is the number of pole-pairs of motor；The quantity of the flank of every section of rotor and the number of pole-pairs of motor are identical, often The flank of the flank magnetic polarity having the same of section rotor, adjacent two-stage rotor has opposite magnetic polarity.

Further, the stator is formed by silicon steel plate stacking, and the stator includes stator slot, stator tooth and stator yoke Armature winding is laid in the stator slot by portion.

Further, the armature winding can be Single-layer Windings or be Double Layer Winding, and armature winding generates the number of poles in magnetic field It is identical as rotor magnetic pole number of poles；Number of motor phases m >=3, number of pole-pairs p >=1.

Further, multiple rotor slots are respectively equipped on every section of rotor, the quantity of rotor slot is the two of the number of pole-pairs of motor Times, permanent magnet is laid in rotor slot, the permanent magnet realizes " poly- magnetic effect " by combination in series and parallel, diameter is generated on rotor To magnetic pole；Stator of the magnet radial poles towards motor, between stator and rotor be equipped with air gap, permanent magnet generate magnetic flux one Divide by forming closed magnetic circuit by the flank of two neighboring rotor, rotor yoke and rotor connecting shaft, another part passes through radial direction Magnetic pole enters stator core by air gap and interlinks to form main flux with armature winding.

Further, the magnetic field interaction that the main flux and armature winding generate generates torque.

Further, when motor operates normally, by change in the rotor connecting shaft between adjacent two-stage rotor excitation around The electric current of group increases the magnetic of the closed magnetic circuit formed by the flank, rotor yoke and rotor connecting shaft of the two neighboring rotor Flux realizes weak magnetism speed expansion to reduce every pole magnetic flux of motor.

Compared with prior art, the utility model has the beneficial effects that

(1) rotor of the utility model motor be the staggered p-m rotor of multistage spoke type, the rotor structure and it is existing absolutely Most of rotor structure is different, existing spoke built-in rotor due to permanent magnet be it is fixed, after permanent magnet determines, electricity Every pole magnetic flux of machine just determines therewith；The rotor of the utility model motor is designed by rotor segment in the yoke portion of every section of rotor There are a rib formations, the flank of adjacent two-stage rotor interlocks 360/2p degree, and connects axis connection with rotor, produces part permanent magnet Raw magnetic flux forms closed magnetic circuit by staggered rotor rib formations, rotor yoke and rotor connecting shaft, turns at adjacent two sections Excitation winding is laid in the connecting shaft of son, the quantity that current control passes through the magnetic flux of rotor flank and connecting shaft can be applied, So as to indirectly control every pole magnetic flux of rotor；

(2) in the rotor connecting shaft of the adjacent two-stage rotor of the utility model motor with can apply the excitation of electric current around Group can increase or decrease circulation of the magnetic flux of permanent magnet generation in rib formations by applying electric current on the winding, To control the size of the every pole magnetic flux of motor: most of when the magnetic flux that the electric current of application inhibits permanent magnet to generate flows through flank The magnetic flux that permanent magnet generates can subtract by the main flux that air gap between rotor forms motor when needing to carry out weak magnetism speed expansion The electric current of small above-mentioned application, the magnetic flux for generating permanent magnet have more parts to form closed magnetic circuit by flank, at this time motor Main flux reduces, and motor realizes that weak magnetic field operation, motor speed improve, and expands the output-constant operation range of motor；

(3) rotor that the utility model motor uses is spliced by multipiece rotor, due to the flank quantity of every section of rotor Quantity for the half of motor number of pole-pairs, rib formations is comparatively fewer, simplifies conventional spoke type built-in rotor Manufacturing process, and mechanical strength will not be decreased obviously at high running speeds；Rotor production method is identical turn of even numbered blocks Son is spliced, while the angle that the rib formations of adjacent two rotor are staggered is related with the number of poles of rotor, adjacent every two blocks of rotors The angle that is staggered of flank should be 360/2p degree, the rotor connecting shaft of certain length is connected between every two-stage rotor, in order to Place the excitation winding of control flank magnetic flux circulation；

(4) rotor that the utility model motor uses is made of multipiece rotor, for the effect of two-stage rotor, is made Can be under conditions of same permanent magnet quantity, same rotor axial length in weak-magnetic speed-regulating with multipiece rotor, it will Every pole magnetic flux of rotor drops to a lower level, and due to can all there is a coupling part between every two-stage rotor, therefore There can be more spaces to place the excitation winding of composite excitation, to obtain compared with the better composite excitation effect of two-stage rotor Fruit.

Detailed description of the invention

The accompanying drawings constituting a part of this application is used to provide further understanding of the present application, and the application's shows Meaning property embodiment and its explanation are not constituted an undue limitation on the present application for explaining the application.

Fig. 1 is the schematic perspective view of the utility model rotor；

Fig. 2 is schematic perspective view when having excitation winding in the utility model rotor connecting shaft；

Fig. 3 is the schematic perspective view of the utility model motor entirety；

Fig. 4 is the integrally-built front view of the utility model motor；

In figure, 1, the flank of first segment rotor, the flank of 2. second segment rotors, 3, first segment rotor and second segment rotor it Between rotor connecting shaft, 4, rotor slot, 5, rotor outer ring, 6, first segment rotor, 7, second segment rotor, 8, three-stage rotor, 9, 4th section of rotor, 10, permanent magnet, 11, the excitation winding in rotor connecting shaft, 12, stator, 13, stator slot, 14, stator tooth, 15, stator armature winding, 16, rotor yoke, 17, rotor connecting shaft.

Specific embodiment

It is noted that following detailed description is all illustrative, it is intended to provide further instruction to the application.Unless another It indicates, all technical and scientific terms used herein has usual with the application person of an ordinary skill in the technical field The identical meanings of understanding.

It should be noted that term used herein above is merely to describe specific embodiment, and be not intended to restricted root According to the illustrative embodiments of the application.As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, otherwise singular Also it is intended to include plural form, additionally, it should be understood that, when in the present specification using term "comprising" and/or " packet Include " when, indicate existing characteristics, step, operation, device, component and/or their combination.

As background technique is introduced, exist in the prior art it is inconvenient every pole magnetic flux of motor is controlled, it is permanent Power operation narrow range, speed adjustable range is not wide in range enough, the big deficiency of the cost and winding copper loss of power of motor inverter, to understand Technical problem certainly as above, present applicant proposes a kind of staggered p-m rotor permanent-magnet synchronous of multistage spoke type for electric vehicle to drive Dynamic motor, the rotor of the utility model motor are spliced by multipiece rotor, and every section of rotor has p rib formations equal in yoke portion The even distribution number of pole-pairs of motor (p be), the flank of adjacent two-stage rotor form certain stagger angle, staggered degree with Number of poles is related, is 360/2p degree, and opposite magnetic polarity is presented in the flank of adjacent two-stage rotor, the part for generating permanent magnet Magnetic flux can pass through in staggered rib formations and form closed magnetic circuit；The flank of every section of rotor is connected with rotor yoke, The rotor yoke of adjacent two-stage rotor passes through a roots rotor connecting shaft and links together, laid in rotor connecting shaft excitation around Group adjusts the magnetic flux for passing through rotor flank by the size and Orientation for the excitation winding electric current placed in control rotor connecting shaft Amount, so as to control every pole magnetic flux of motor, realizes the composite excitation of motor.

In a kind of typical embodiment of the application, as shown in Figs 1-4, a kind of multistage spoke for electric vehicle is provided Staggeredly rotor permanent magnet synchronous motor, the motor include stator and the big main component of rotor two, built in the rotor in the stator and With stator coaxial placement, the stator lays armature winding；

The rotor is spliced by four sections of rotors, connects axis connection, the rotor by rotor between every two-stage rotor Outer ring is circular configuration；The structure of every section of rotor is identical, is placed with permanent magnet in every section of rotor, for generating radial magnetic Pole, rotor yoke have rib formations, and the quantity of flank and the number of poles of motor are related, are arranged on every section of rotor at interval of magnetic pole There is a flank, the flank quantity of every section of rotor is the half of the number of poles of motor, and the flank of adjacent two-stage rotor is at certain friendship Alternate angle degree, on same section of rotor, the corresponding pole polarity of the flank of rotor answer it is identical, corresponding to the flank of adjacent two-stage rotor Pole polarity on the contrary, by this structure, can by the flank, rotor yoke and two-stage rotor of adjacent two-stage rotor it Between rotor connecting shaft form closed magnetic circuit, by the closed magnetic circuit, permanent magnet generates a part of magnetic flux for generating permanent magnet Magnetic flux a part enter stator by magnet radial poles and interlink to form main flux with armature winding；Another part passes through adjacent two sections Rotor connecting shaft between the flank of rotor, rotor yoke and two-stage rotor forms closed magnetic circuit；

Excitation winding is laid in the rotor connecting shaft of adjacent two-stage rotor, by applying electric current in the excitation winding, The rotor between flank, rotor yoke and two-stage rotor that the magnetic flux that permanent magnet generation can be adjusted passes through adjacent two-stage rotor connects Spindle forms the circulation of closed magnetic circuit, to realize the change to the every pole magnetic flux of motor, achievees the effect that composite excitation；

When motor operation, by excitation winding apply electric current come dynamic regulation motor operation when main flux, with this Realize the control to magnetic circuit.

In the present embodiment, the rotor is spliced by even number section rotor, in the present embodiment, the rotor by Four sections of rotors are spliced, rotor connecting shaft there are three connections between four sections of rotors, are respectively arranged in three rotor connecting shafts Excitation winding obtains better composite excitation effect；And staggeredly flank, rotor yoke and the rotor connecting shaft shape of four sections of rotors It, can be in same permanent magnet quantity, the condition of same rotor axial length in weak-magnetic speed-regulating at three closed magnetic circuits Under, every pole magnetic flux of rotor is dropped into a lower level.

In the present embodiment, the stator is formed by silicon steel plate stacking, and the stator includes stator slot, stator tooth and stator Armature winding is laid in the stator slot by yoke portion.

In the present embodiment, the rotor is equipped with multiple rotor slots, lays permanent magnet, the permanent magnet in rotor slot By combining realization " poly- magnetic effect " in series and parallel, magnetic pole is generated on rotor.

In the present embodiment, stator of the magnetic pole towards motor, between stator and rotor be air gap, the main flux with The magnetic field interaction that armature winding generates generates torque, flank, rotor yoke and the adjacent two-stage rotor of adjacent two-stage rotor Between rotor connecting shaft permanent magnet can be made to generate magnetic flux some form closed magnetic circuit with this configuration, adjacent two sections turn Excitation winding is laid in connecting shaft between son, which can carry out composite excitation to motor after being powered, by this The quantity of the magnetic flux of structure is controlled.

It in the present embodiment, can be by changing excitation winding in adjacent two-stage rotor connecting shaft when motor operates normally Electric current, allow more magnetic fluxs to connect by the rotor between the flank of adjacent two-stage rotor, rotor yoke and adjacent two-stage rotor Spindle forms closed magnetic circuit, to reduce every pole magnetic flux of motor, realizes weak magnetism speed expansion.

In the present embodiment, the armature winding can be Single-layer Windings or be Double Layer Winding.Wherein, number of motor phases m >=3, Number of pole-pairs p >=1.

Specific embodiment are as follows:

As shown in Figure 3,4, the whole stereoscopic schematic diagram and front view of motor, number of motor phases is 3 in present embodiment, motor Number of pole-pairs be 3, number of stator teeth 36, every section of rotor slot number is 6, and rotor is staggeredly spliced using four sections of rotors, often There are three rib formations on section rotor, magnetic pole is provided with a flank, reduces flank quantity on every section of rotor, every section Differential seat angle on rotor between two flanks is 120 °, is uniformly distributed on every section of rotor, and the permanent magnet block number of every section of rotor is 6, Therefore the number of magnetic poles of motor is 6, so the flank of every section of rotor magnetic polarity having the same, and the flank of adjacent two-stage rotor has There is opposite magnetic polarity.Present embodiment includes the excitation winding in stator and rotor and rotor connecting shaft；Stator is by silicon steel Piece is overrided to form, and stator 12 includes stator tooth 14 and stator slot 13, lays armature winding 15 in stator slot, armature winding 15 can It is divided into Distributed Winding, concentratred winding or lap winding, the number of poles of armature winding is consistent with rotor magnetic pole number of poles, and stator is same with rotor Axis has air gap between stator and rotor；Rotor structure as illustrated in fig. 1 and 2, rotor is by first segment rotor 6, second segment rotor 7, Three-stage rotor 8 and the 4th section of rotor 9 are spliced, and the flank stagger angle of adjacent two-stage rotor is 60 °；Have 6 on every section of rotor A rotor slot 4 can be used to place permanent magnet 10, and the magnetizing direction of two pieces of adjacent permanent magnets is on the contrary, adjacent two pieces of permanent magnets Rotor core between and radially generates magnet radial poles, and it is fixed that the magnetic flux that permanent magnet generates is entered by magnet radial poles by air gap Sub- iron core interlinks to form main flux with armature winding；On rotor, a part of magnetic flux can pass through staggered first segment rotor Rotor connecting shaft 3 between flank 1, the flank 2 of second segment rotor, first segment rotor and second segment rotor constitutes closed magnetic circuit； When motor operation, electric current can be applied by the excitation winding 7 in rotor connecting shaft, can applied the magnetic flux reduction of flank Electric current, the magnetic flux overwhelming majority that permanent magnet generates at this time constitute the main flux of motor, every pole magnetic flux of motor are made to be maintained at one Higher level can also apply weak magnetoelectricity stream in the excitation winding 7 in each rotor connecting shaft, there is more magnetic flux at this time It flows through and turns between the flank 1 of staggered first segment rotor, the flank 2 of second segment rotor, first segment rotor and second segment rotor The first closed magnetic circuit that sub- connecting shaft 3 is formed, the flank of second segment rotor, the flank 2 of three-stage rotor, second segment rotor and the The flank of the second closed magnetic circuit and three-stage rotor that rotor connecting shaft 3 between three-stage rotor is formed, the 4th section of rotor The third closed magnetic circuit that rotor connecting shaft 3 between flank 2, three-stage rotor and the 4th section of rotor is formed, passes through rotor gas The magnetic flux of gap reduces, to reduce the main flux of motor, realizes weak magnetic control with this, widens the output-constant operation area of motor Domain.It can be seen that the excitation winding 7 in each rotor connecting shaft can play the role of composite excitation.

In the above-described embodiments, stator 12 can also be that the soft-magnetic composite material of high magnetic permeability is made, and rotor is solid turn Son, solid rotor have high magnetic permeability, and permanent magnet is laid in the solid rotor, and rotor is permanent magnet built-in structure, forever Magnet realizes poly- magnetic effect according to certain assembled arrangement, is upwardly formed magnet radial poles in rotor radial side, what permanent magnet generated Magnetic flux can generate vortex radially into air gap, the solid rotor in electric motor starting, realize self-starting.

Permanent magnet is high performance permanent magnetic materials, such as neodymium iron boron, Rare-Earth Cobalt or low performance permanent-magnet material, such as alnico or Person's ferrite.

At work, when the obstructed electric current of empty load of motor, a part of magnetic flux that permanent magnet generates passes through diameter to permanent magnet synchronous motor Enter stator core by air gap to magnetic pole to interlink to form main flux with armature winding, another part passes through the staggered flank of rotor Structure, rotor yoke and rotor connecting shaft internal rotor formed closed magnetic circuit, can by the excitation in rotor connecting shaft around Group controls the size of the magnetic flux by rib.When electrical power stream run with load, operating mode are as follows: stator winding applies electric current Afterwards, the main flux and armature winding that the permanent magnet on the rotor of motor generates generate driving torque, and rotor starts to turn at this time It is dynamic, while electric current can be applied to the excitation winding in rotor connecting shaft, it can be realized and increase magnetic operation or weak magnetism speed expansion Two kinds of effects are run, the range of operation of motor is effectively widened, realize the composite excitation of motor.

Motor practical application is, according to the rated speed that motor works, nominal torque and specific performance requirement pass through conjunction The parameters such as gas length of reason design motor, the number of turns of stator armature umber of turn, rotor field coil are various to realize Different performances.

It is above-mentioned although specific embodiments of the present invention are described with reference to the accompanying drawings, but it is not practical new to this The limitation of type protection scope, those skilled in the art should understand that, based on the technical solution of the present invention, ability Field technique personnel do not need to make the creative labor the various modifications or changes that can be made still in the protection model of the utility model Within enclosing.

Claims (5)

1. The rotor permanent magnet synchronous motor 1. a kind of multistage spoke for electric vehicle interlocks, characterized in that including stator and at least four sections The rotor placed with one heart, built in rotor in the stator and with stator coaxial placement, pass through rotor between adjacent two-stage rotor and connect Together, every section of rotor includes rotor yoke and multiple flanks being uniformly distributed and be spaced magnetic pole setting, every section of rotor to axis connection Flank be connected with rotor yoke；The flank of adjacent two-stage rotor forms stagger angle, is provided with permanent magnet in every section of rotor, forever Magnetic flux a part that magnet generates forms closed magnetic circuit by the flank of adjacent two-stage rotor, rotor yoke and rotor connecting shaft； Excitation winding is laid respectively in each rotor connecting shaft, by changing the excitation winding electric current in each rotor connecting shaft, is adjusted Section realizes the composite excitation of motor to control every pole magnetic flux of motor by the magnetic flux of each closed magnetic circuit；The rotor It is solid construction；The rotor is permanent magnet embedding structure；The structure of every section of rotor is identical.
2. The rotor permanent magnet synchronous motor 2. multistage spoke for electric vehicle according to claim 1 interlocks, characterized in that every section Angle is 360/p degree between two neighboring flank on rotor；The stagger angle of the flank of two neighboring rotor is 360/2p degree, p For the number of pole-pairs of motor；The quantity of the flank of every section of rotor and the number of pole-pairs of motor are identical, and the flank of every section of rotor has identical Magnetic polarity, the flank of adjacent two-stage rotor has opposite magnetic polarity.
3. The rotor permanent magnet synchronous motor 3. multistage spoke for electric vehicle according to claim 1 interlocks, characterized in that described Stator is formed by silicon steel plate stacking, and the stator includes stator slot, stator tooth and stator yoke, lays electricity in the stator slot Pivot winding.
4. The rotor permanent magnet synchronous motor 4. multistage spoke for electric vehicle according to claim 3 interlocks, characterized in that described Armature winding can be Single-layer Windings or be Double Layer Winding, and the number of poles that armature winding generates magnetic field is identical as rotor magnetic pole number of poles；Electricity Machine number of phases m >=3, number of pole-pairs p >=1.
5. The rotor permanent magnet synchronous motor 5. multistage spoke for electric vehicle according to claim 1 interlocks, characterized in that every section Multiple rotor slots are respectively equipped on rotor, the quantity of rotor slot is twice of the number of pole-pairs of motor, lays permanent magnetism in rotor slot Body, the permanent magnet realize " poly- magnetic effect " by combination in series and parallel, magnet radial poles are generated on rotor；The magnet radial poles face To the stator of motor, air gap is equipped between stator and rotor, magnetic flux a part that permanent magnet generates passes through by two neighboring rotor Flank, rotor yoke and rotor connecting shaft form closed magnetic circuit, another part passes through air gap by magnet radial poles and enters stator Iron core interlinks to form main flux with armature winding.