CN208334667U - One kind is for soft rock tunnel Preceding geology predictor three-dimensional over long distances - Google Patents
One kind is for soft rock tunnel Preceding geology predictor three-dimensional over long distances Download PDFInfo
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- CN208334667U CN208334667U CN201820766559.9U CN201820766559U CN208334667U CN 208334667 U CN208334667 U CN 208334667U CN 201820766559 U CN201820766559 U CN 201820766559U CN 208334667 U CN208334667 U CN 208334667U
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- tunnel
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- soft rock
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Abstract
The utility model discloses one kind for soft rock tunnel Preceding geology predictor three-dimensional over long distances, including 10 artificial focal points being arranged on tunnel tunnel face, focus backing plate is provided at each artificial focal point, the two sides of the tunnel tunnel face are respectively arranged with leftwall and RightWall, the man-made explosion point is divided into two column, each column 5,2 column man-made explosion points are distributed respectively close to leftwall and RightWall；It is respectively arranged with 4 drillings on the leftwall and RightWall, a wave detector is provided in each drilling, 8 wave detectors are connected by conducting wire, and 8 wave detectors are connected with 3D seismic data Acquisition Instrument；The device further includes the iron hammer for striking focus backing plate.Device improves seismic reflection signal quality, is that a kind of signal-to-noise ratio is high, and fidelity effect is good, and forecast accuracy height and laborsaving time saving, tunnel geological forecast device easy to operate, forecast distance is up to 200m or more.
Description
Technical field
The utility model belongs to tunnel construction field of engineering technology, specifically, be related to it is a kind of for soft rock tunnel it is long away from
From three-dimensional Preceding geology predictor.
Background technique
Tunnel geological forecast refers in tunnel excavation, to front of tunnel heading and surrounding enclosing lithologies, stratum
It constitutes and groundwater condition makes advanced prediction.The methods of geology, probing, physical prospecting are mainly utilized, inside and outside geologic information, hole
The prediction of geologic survey, face vegetarian noodles result to construction front of tunnel heading unfavorable geology volume property, position, scale is into one
Step construction provides guidance, it is ensured that the safety of construction and goes on smoothly.It accurately, is in time, efficiently the pursuit of current geologic prediction, but
Because various forecasting procedures are theoretical, the limitation of equipment, there is forecast apart from short, test preparation is cumbersome, holding time is long, main
The problems such as shotfiring safety hidden danger is big is moved, normal construction is not only affected, also introduces safe uncertain factor.It is quasi- in order to improve forecast
True rate has developed Synthetic Geological Prediction Ahead of Construction method through engineering practice, although substantially increasing forecast accuracy, has also brought
The problems such as heavy workload, holding time are longer, preparation is more, therefore, simple and direct, safe and efficient, environmentally friendly long range forecast
Technology will be development trend.
Seismic reflection method tunnel geological forecast technology is mostly the TSP skill produced with Switzerland AMBERG both at home and abroad at present
Based on art and the TST technology in the U.S., TSP technology, must also be in Dong Bi except must be in addition to each wave detector hole in Tunnel wall two sides
The one focus hole of sidetracking 24, using emulsion explosion earthquake-wave-exciting, seismic wave is met during propagating to three-dimensional space
To acoustic impedance interface, i.e. interface, structurally fractured zone, karst and the karst growth zone etc. of geologic lithology variation, elastic wave can be generated
Reflex, this back wave is disposed in the detector arrangement in tunnel surrounding and receives, be input in instrument and carry out letter
Number amplification, digital collection and processing, realize pick up front of tunnel heading rock mass in reflected wave information, achieve the purpose that forecast.
Existing seismic reflection method tunnel geological forecast technology has the following problems: first, soft rock tunnel forecast
Effect is poor, and since soft rock absorbs, seismic signal is obvious, and the seimic wave propagation ability that explosive blasting generates is poor, second, interference wave
More, signal-to-noise ratio is low, and it includes a variety of interference waves such as surface wave, sound wave, lateral back wave, distorted signals, filtering that wave detector, which receives signal,
Difficulty is big；Third, it is time-consuming and laborious: to bore 24 blast holes and 2 receiver holes, explosion hole depth 1.5m, receiver hole 2.0m, the used time 2 is small
When more than；4th, explosion envelope big gun difficulty is big, carries out envelope big gun using irrigation method, needs fixed water source and special messenger's operation, Ren Yuanan
Full property is low；5th, safety is poor, strong by environmental constraints；Focus is done using explosive, professional is needed to operate, needs to report peace
Whole door examination & approval, and be only applicable to allow area and the environment of explosion；6th, accuracy is poor: since interference wave is more, receiving signal
Complexity, it is more by distorted signals after filtering processing.
Utility model content
In view of this, the utility model is for interference wave is more, filtering technique is difficult, signal-to-noise ratio is low and distortion is tight in the prior art
The big problem of weight, forecast poor accuracy, time-consuming and laborious and soft rock tunnel forecast difficulty, provides a kind of long for soft rock tunnel
The three-dimensional Preceding geology predictor of distance is that a kind of signal-to-noise ratio is high the arrangement increases seismic reflection signal quality, fidelity effect
Fruit is good, and forecast accuracy is high and laborsaving time saving, tunnel geological forecast device easy to operate, forecast distance up to 200m with
On.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, it is three-dimensional in advance for soft rock tunnel long range that the utility model discloses one kind
Matter predictor is provided with focus at each artificial focal point including 10 artificial focal points being arranged on tunnel tunnel face
Backing plate, the two sides of the tunnel tunnel face are respectively arranged with leftwall and RightWall, and the man-made explosion point is divided into two column, each column
5,2 column man-made explosion points are distributed respectively close to leftwall and RightWall；4 are respectively arranged on the leftwall and RightWall
A drilling is provided with a wave detector in each drilling, and 8 wave detectors are connected by conducting wire, 8 wave detectors with
3D seismic data Acquisition Instrument is connected；The device further includes the iron hammer for striking focus backing plate.
Optionally, drilling is arranged in single file, is parallel to tunnel floor, two adjacent spacing of wells 2.0m, away from tunnel bottom
Plate height is 1.5~2.0m.
Optionally, the aperture of the drilling is 50mm, depth 500mm.
Optionally, the wave detector is arranged perpendicular to leftwall and RightWall, fitting depth 0.5m.
Optionally, the model GMT-12V or GMT-12H of the wave detector.
Optionally, the spacing between adjacent two artificial focal points is 0.5m, and bottom man-made explosion point is away from tunnel bottom
Plate is not less than 0.5m, perpendicular to geophone arrangement.
Optionally, focus backing plate includes square steel plate, is provided with metallic plug at the center of the square steel plate, gold
Belong to plug to be inserted perpendicularly into the country rock of the face at man-made explosion point, the central point of focus backing plate is overlapped with man-made explosion point.
Optionally, the square steel plate with a thickness of 10mm；Metallic plug length is 8cm.
Compared with prior art, the utility model can be obtained including following technical effect:
1) the utility model is by laying multiple man-made explosion point earthquake-wave-excitings in tunnel tunnel face and in tunnel two sides
Abutment wall arranges that multiple wave detectors acquire back wave, obtains tunnel tunnel face front and surrounding three-dimensional reflection signal, Neng Gouzhun
The unfavorable geologic body in non-tunneling region is really effectively forecast, realizes tunnel advance geologic prediction three-dimensional over long distances.
2) the utility model includes having invented artificial hammering focus backing plate, and focus backing plate is by the thick square steel plate of 10mm and admittedly
Determine metallic plug composition, improve the signal-to-noise ratio of artificial excitation's seismic signal, ensure that low frequency signal quality, has widened effectively
Signal frequency width improves the penetration performance of seismic wave.
3) the utility model design is unique, ingenious in design, with strong points, easy-to-use, adaptable, tunnel in advance
Matter forecast aspect has broad application prospects, and is suitble to promote and apply.
Certainly, implement any product of the utility model it is not absolutely required to and meanwhile reach all the above technology effect
Fruit.
Detailed description of the invention
Attached drawing described herein is used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, and constitutes one of the utility model
Point, the exemplary embodiment of the utility model and the description thereof are used to explain the utility model, does not constitute to the utility model
Improper restriction.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is structural schematic diagram of the utility model for soft rock tunnel Preceding geology predictor three-dimensional over long distances；
Fig. 2 is the utility model wave detector abutment wall installation diagram；
Fig. 3 is the connection figure of the utility model wave detector Yu 3D seismic data Acquisition Instrument；
Fig. 4 is the front view of the utility model man-made explosion backing plate；
Fig. 5 is the top view of the utility model man-made explosion backing plate.
Specific embodiment
The embodiments of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with embodiment, how the utility model is answered whereby
It solves technical problem with technological means and reaches the realization process of technical effect to fully understand and implement.
The utility model discloses one kind for soft rock tunnel Preceding geology predictor three-dimensional over long distances, as shown in Figure 1,
10 artificial focal points 6 including being arranged on tunnel tunnel face 1 are each provided with focus backing plate 7, institute at artificial focal point 6
The two sides for stating tunnel tunnel face 1 are respectively arranged with leftwall 2 and RightWall 3, and the man-made explosion point 6 is divided into two column, each column 5
A, 2 column man-made explosion points 6 are distributed respectively close to leftwall 2 and RightWall 3；It is respectively set on the leftwall 2 and RightWall 3
There are 4 drillings 4, a wave detector 5 is provided in each drilling 4,8 wave detectors 5 are connected by conducting wire, 8 inspections
Wave device 5 is connected with 3D seismic data Acquisition Instrument 10；The device further includes the iron hammer 11 for striking focus backing plate 7.
By hammering and be arranged focus backing plate 7, frequency of seismic wave is reduced, reduces surface wave, that sound wave etc. is involved in side is dry
Disturb the generation of wave, the more wave broadband signal quality of fidelity improve the signal-to-noise ratio of vibration wave.
In some embodiments, the aperture of the drilling 4 is 50mm, and depth 500mm can preferably ensure wave detector
It is coupled with face country rock.
In some embodiments, adjacent two 4 spacing 2.0m of drilling are 1.5~2.0m away from tunnel floor height, can
Preferably covering front of tunnel heading forecasts range.
In some embodiments, the wave detector 5 is installed perpendicular to leftwall 2 and RightWall 3, and fitting depth is
0.5m。
In some embodiments, the model GMT-12V or GMT-12H of the wave detector 5.
In some embodiments, the spacing between adjacent two artificial focal points 6 is 0.5m, bottom man-made explosion point
6 are not less than 0.5m away from tunnel floor, perpendicular to the arrangement of wave detector 5, can be improved and guarantee impulses wave signal quality.
In some embodiments, focus backing plate 7 includes square steel plate 8, is provided at the center of the square steel plate 8
Metallic plug 9, metallic plug 9 are inserted perpendicularly into the country rock of the face 1 at man-made explosion point 6, the central point of focus backing plate 7 with
Man-made explosion point 6 is overlapped；Focus backing plate 7 can reduce artificial vibration frequency, improve earthquake wave mass.
In some embodiments, the square steel plate 8 with a thickness of 10mm；9 length of metallic plug is 8cm, can be made
Backing plate installation after with face closely close to.
The application method of the present apparatus is as follows: in leftwall 2 and RightWall 3 respectively 4 drillings of arrangement of close tunnel tunnel face 1
4,4 apertures of drilling are that 50mm, depth 500mm are parallel to tunnel floor in single file, and drill 4 spacing 2.0m, away from tunnel floor
Height is 1.5~2.0m；In 8 drillings 4 on leftwall 1 and RightWall 2,8 high precision velocity type wave detectors 5 are installed,
Wave detector 5 is installed perpendicular to leftwall 2 and RightWall 3, fitting depth 0.5m；Arranged on tunnel tunnel face 1 10 it is artificial
Focal point 6, close to leftwall 2 and RightWall 3 at single-row arrangement, each column 5, spacing 0.5m, bottom man-made explosion point 6 away from
Tunnel floor is not less than 0.5m, perpendicular to the arrangement of wave detector 5；Focus backing plate 7 is installed in man-made explosion point 6, focus backing plate 7 wraps
Square steel plate 8 is included, is provided with metallic plug 9 at the center of the square steel plate 8, metallic plug 9 is inserted perpendicularly into artificial shake
In the country rock of face 1 at source point 6, the central point of focus backing plate 7 is overlapped with man-made explosion point 6；The square steel plate 8
With a thickness of 10mm；9 length of metallic plug is 8cm；Focus backing plate 7 can reduce artificial vibration frequency, improve earthquake wave mass；Inspection
The physical location on measurement leftwall 2 and RightWall 3 on wave detector 5 and face 1 after the installation of man-made explosion point 6 is looked into, is checked
Measure the width and height of face 1；8 wave detectors 5 are connected and are connect with 3D seismic data Acquisition Instrument；By 8 pounds of iron hammers
It is connect with the exciter of 3D seismic data Acquisition Instrument；8 pounds of iron hammer impact 7 centers of focus backing plate of man-hour manually hand-held generate artificial
Seismic wave, each artificial focal point 6 strike eight times；By hammering and being arranged focus backing plate 7, frequency of seismic wave is reduced, is reduced
Surface wave, side involve the generation of the interference wave such as sound wave, and the more wave broadband signal quality of fidelity improve the noise of vibration wave
Than；The reflection wave signal that 3D seismic data Acquisition Instrument acquisition and recording is generated since Artificial Seismic Wave is propagated, obtains dimensionally
It shakes back wave and records data；3-D seismics reflection signal is handled, 3-D seismics character of reflection wave map is generated；Analysis three
Tie up earthquake reflected wave characteristic spectrum, interpretation tunnel tunnel face 1 front and its surrounding geologic change situation, in front of constructing tunnel and
Geological condition carries out accurate advanced prediction around it.
The present invention is by laying multiple man-made explosion earthquake-wave-excitings, earthquake wave direction tunnel excavation front in tunnel tunnel face
And its surrounding is propagated, and generates back wave after encountering geologic anomaly, by be arranged in multiple wave detectors inside abutment wall in country rock into
Row receives, and carries out accurate advanced prediction to constructing tunnel front and its surrounding geological condition.
Several preferred embodiments of utility model have shown and described in above description, but as previously described, it should be understood that practical
It is novel to be not limited to forms disclosed herein, it should not be regarded as an exclusion of other examples, and can be used for various other
Combination, modification and environment, and above-mentioned introduction or the skill of related fields can be passed through within the scope of the inventive concept described herein
Art or knowledge are modified.And changes and modifications made by those skilled in the art do not depart from the spirit and scope of utility model, then
It all should be in the protection scope of utility model appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. one kind is for soft rock tunnel Preceding geology predictor three-dimensional over long distances, which is characterized in that slapped including setting in tunnel
10 artificial focal points (6) on sub- face (1) are each provided with focus backing plate (7) at artificial focal point (6), the tunnel palm
The two sides of sub- face (1) are respectively arranged with leftwall (2) and RightWall (3), and the man-made explosion point (6) is divided into two column, each column 5
A, 2 column man-made explosion points (6) are distributed respectively close to leftwall (2) and RightWall (3)；The leftwall (2) and RightWall (3)
On be respectively arranged with 4 drillings (4), a wave detector (5) is provided in each drilling (4), 8 wave detectors (5) pass through
Conducting wire series connection, 8 wave detectors (5) are connected with 3D seismic data Acquisition Instrument (10)；The device further includes for hitting
Make the iron hammer (11) of focus backing plate (7).
2. according to claim 1 for soft rock tunnel Preceding geology predictor three-dimensional over long distances, which is characterized in that bore
Hole (4) is arranged in single file, is parallel to tunnel floor, and two adjacent drilling (4) spacing 2.0m are 1.5 away from tunnel floor height
~2.0m.
3. according to claim 1 for soft rock tunnel Preceding geology predictor three-dimensional over long distances, which is characterized in that institute
The aperture for stating drilling (4) is 50mm, depth 500mm.
4. according to claim 1 for soft rock tunnel Preceding geology predictor three-dimensional over long distances, which is characterized in that institute
The wave detector (5) stated is arranged perpendicular to leftwall (2) and RightWall (3), fitting depth 0.5m.
5. according to claim 1 for soft rock tunnel Preceding geology predictor three-dimensional over long distances, which is characterized in that institute
The model GMT-12V or GMT-12H for the wave detector (5) stated.
6. according to claim 1 for soft rock tunnel Preceding geology predictor three-dimensional over long distances, which is characterized in that phase
Spacing between two adjacent artificial focal points (6) is 0.5m, and bottom man-made explosion point (6) is not less than away from tunnel floor
0.5m is arranged perpendicular to wave detector (5).
7. according to claim 1 for soft rock tunnel Preceding geology predictor three-dimensional over long distances, which is characterized in that shake
Source backing plate (7) includes square steel plate (8), is provided with metallic plug (9) at the center of the square steel plate (8), metal is inserted
Head (9) is inserted perpendicularly into the country rock of the face (1) at man-made explosion point (6), the central point of focus backing plate (7) and man-made explosion
Point (6) is overlapped.
8. according to claim 7 for soft rock tunnel Preceding geology predictor three-dimensional over long distances, which is characterized in that institute
State square steel plate (8) with a thickness of 10mm；Metallic plug (9) length is 8cm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201820766559.9U CN208334667U (en) | 2018-05-22 | 2018-05-22 | One kind is for soft rock tunnel Preceding geology predictor three-dimensional over long distances |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201820766559.9U CN208334667U (en) | 2018-05-22 | 2018-05-22 | One kind is for soft rock tunnel Preceding geology predictor three-dimensional over long distances |
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| CN208334667U true CN208334667U (en) | 2019-01-04 |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114114415A (en) * | 2021-11-24 | 2022-03-01 | 中铁西南科学研究院有限公司 | Ultra-long distance passive source geological forecasting method for drilling and blasting construction tunnel |
| CN114200513A (en) * | 2021-12-15 | 2022-03-18 | 中国地质大学（北京） | Be used for three-dimensional advance geology predictor of tunnel long distance |
| CN115144892A (en) * | 2022-06-30 | 2022-10-04 | 重庆中环建设有限公司 | Three-dimensional advanced geological prediction method |
-
2018
- 2018-05-22 CN CN201820766559.9U patent/CN208334667U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114114415A (en) * | 2021-11-24 | 2022-03-01 | 中铁西南科学研究院有限公司 | Ultra-long distance passive source geological forecasting method for drilling and blasting construction tunnel |
| CN114200513A (en) * | 2021-12-15 | 2022-03-18 | 中国地质大学（北京） | Be used for three-dimensional advance geology predictor of tunnel long distance |
| CN115144892A (en) * | 2022-06-30 | 2022-10-04 | 重庆中环建设有限公司 | Three-dimensional advanced geological prediction method |
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| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20190104 Termination date: 20190522 |