A kind of rotary kiln incinerator
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of rotary kiln incinerator, the refuse gasification for belonging to environment protection field burns subdomains.
Background technique
As the expansion of urbanization process and scale, urban population increase, the opening in market, the change of residents consumption pattern
And the development of tourist industry, the yield and accumulating amount of municipal refuse increase year by year, 2005, the house refuse in China was cleared
1.56 hundred million tons are measured, and the house refuse amount of clearing in 2016 has reached 2.04 hundred million tons.The rate of rise of refuse collection amount is much larger than pre-
Phase.
Waste incineration is solid waste reducing, a kind of recycling/innoxious most preferred approach.For waste incineration
The type of furnace have grate furnace, rotary kiln, recirculating fluidized bed, pyrolysis oven etc..The exploitation of China's garbage incineration technology starts from 20th century 90
At the beginning of age, in Incineration in CFB field, by years of researches, very big achievement, domestic many R&D institutions have been obtained
It is proposed the circulating fluid bed garbage technology for representing respective technical characteristic.The characteristics of for current domestic crude waste and
Technical problem existing in terms of domestic and international waste incineration, state inside and outside are all actively carrying on technical development.Layer combustion and fluidized bed combustion
It is two kinds of main waste incineration modes, compared with fluidization, Grate-firing is more mature, to the pre-processing requirements of rubbish
Low, the lime-ash burn decrement rate after burning is high, more demanding to the calorific value of rubbish;And fluidization exploitation is later, to the pre- of rubbish
Processing and deslagging require height, and the clinker ignition loss of lime-ash is low, and high combustion efficiency, suitability of fuel is strong, and environmental pollution is small.It is more important
, high-moisture, waste of low heating value to China, if Grate-firing is not thrown, oil is combustion-supporting, and disposal of pollutants is very high, if throwing oil
Operating cost is quite high, less economical.
It develops and the incineration technology of China's municipal refuse high-moisture, low heat value feature is suitble to be further genralrlization incineration method and make
Its more environmentally friendly important measures.In this process, rubbish predrying adds the method for burning to be undoubtedly a kind of solution, and gas
Change the moisture and a kind of selection scheme that burning is utilized in rubbish.
Utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of rotary kiln incinerators, using classification gasification, fractional combustion, divide
The method of section after-flame, the fuel such as processing rubbish of recycling are suitable for house refuse or industrial refuse, are particularly suitable for high-moisture
Rubbish.
The utility model is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of rotary kiln incinerator, the incinerator include hopper, rotary kiln, the first combustion chamber, the second combustion chamber
And the front end of the rotary kiln is arranged in secondary furnace, the hopper, the rotary kiln front end is also connected with gasification gas channel, described
Gasification gas channel is connected between rotary kiln front end and second combustion chamber import;First combustion chamber is arranged at described time
The end of rotary kiln, the first combustion chamber upper side are equipped with connector and connect with the rotary kiln, the first combustion chamber position
Side below connector is provided with the fire grate of inclination arrangement, the fire grate and the rotary kiln and is arranged in staged;It is described
Fire grate bottom is provided with an air compartment for being passed through gasifying agent;First bottom of combustion chamber shrinks to form slag channel, described
Fire grate end is connected with the slag channel, and slag channel bottom end is provided with water sealed tank;Second combustion chamber with it is described
Secondary furnace horizontal alignment arrangement and its bottom are provided with the connection of cigarette wind channel.
After-flame air holes use is provided on first combustion chamber sidewall slope arrangement opposite with the connector and side wall
In penetrating air, and the after-flame air holes is arranged towards the fire grate, so that the air sprayed by after-flame air holes is described in
Fire grate sprays.
Several are arranged in the after-flame air holes side wall opposite with the connector along the first combustion chamber, and it is described several
After-flame air holes is arranged towards the fire grate, so that being sprayed by the air that after-flame air holes sprays into towards the fire grate.
Second combustion chamber and secondary furnace bottom opposite tilt arrange to form ash dropping hopper, and the ash dropping hopper bottom is set
Set ash tube.
It is provided with material-pulling device below the hopper, the material-pulling device is done back and forth along the rotary kiln central axis direction
Movement.
Second top of combustion chamber is provided with overfiren air port.
A kind of starting operation method of rotary kiln incinerator, which comprises
Moisture content fuel is fed into rotary kiln from hopper, as the rotation of rotary kiln slowly stirs transport by rotary kiln front end
On the fire grate for falling to the first combustion chamber by connector to rotary kiln end;Gasifying agent is passed through from an air compartment of fire grate bottom
And fuel is lighted, so that the fuel on fire grate occurs gasification reaction and generates gasification gas, part of fuel and/or residue after gasifying are further
Burning generates combustion product gases and lime-ash;Gasification gas and combustion gas converge to the first combustion chamber top as gaseous mixture, gaseous mixture from
Connector enters rotary kiln and provides heat against fuel flowing for fuel;
The partial gasification agent being passed through from an air compartment enters rotary kiln also by connector, utilizes the first combustion chamber gaseous mixture
The heat that heat source provides, so that the fuel in rotary kiln occurs gasification reaction and generates gasification gas;Gasify gas together with gaseous mixture at
For fuel gas, the fuel gas that carry ash content enters the second combustion chambers burn by the gasification gas channel of rotary kiln front end;
The fuel gas of burning is set to enter secondary furnace burning from the cigarette wind channel Zigzag type of the second combustion chamber and secondary furnace bottom
Completely, and the ash content of fuel gas carrying is made to deposit to the second combustion chamber and secondary furnace bottom when fuel gas is turned back and flowed;
Lime-ash after making burning falls into slag channel from fire grate end, cooling in water sealed tank.
A kind of operation method of rotary kiln incinerator uses a kind of above-mentioned rotary kiln incinerator, the side
Method includes:
Moisture content fuel is fed into rotary kiln from hopper;
During so that fuel is slowly stirred by rotary kiln front end with the rotation of rotary kiln and is transported to rotary kiln end,
Enter from rotary kiln end and under the gasification gas of backfire stream and row, gasifying agent and the heating of combustion gas gaseous mixture and mixed flue gas
In gasifying agent occur gasification reaction generate gasification gas;The gasification gas that fuel gasification reaction generates is mixed into remaining gaseous mixture
For fuel gas;The fuel gas that carry ash content enters the second combustion chamber by the gasification gas channel of rotary kiln front end;
Make fuel gas in the second combustion chambers burn, and from the cigarette wind channel Zigzag type of the second combustion chamber and secondary furnace bottom into
It is complete to enter secondary furnace burning;When fuel gas is turned back into secondary furnace, the ash content that fuel gas carries deposits under inertia force effect
Second combustion chamber and secondary furnace bottom;
After making gasification be not gasified totally fuel and residue after gasifying is fallen to by connector on the fire grate of the first combustion chamber;
It is passed through gasifying agent from an air compartment of fire grate bottom, so that the fuel further occurrence gas that is not gasified totally on fire grate
Change reaction and generate gasification gas and residue after gasifying, and residue after gasifying oxidizing fire is made to generate the combustion gas that carry heat;Gasification
Gas and the gaseous mixture of combustion gas converge to the first combustion chamber top, and enter rotary kiln from connector and mention against fuel flowing for fuel
Heating load;
The partial gasification agent being passed through from an air compartment, which is also mixed with gaseous mixture, enters rotary kiln by connector;
Lime-ash after making burning falls into slag channel from fire grate end, cooling in water sealed tank.
When moisture content fuel is heated generation gasification reaction in the rotary kiln, the moisture in fuel is heated precipitation and makees
For gasifying agent.
The fuel includes one or more mixtures of house refuse, industrial refuse.
The utility model has the following advantages that and the utility model has the advantages that by the way of after-combustion of first gasifying, reduces rotary kiln
The calorific intensity of burning, does not require completely burned off in rotary kiln, can greatly expand the scope of application of rubbish, it might even be possible to burning
The industrial refuse of part high heating value, such as waste plastics, waste sludge from paper mill;Burning is divided into two parts, first is that gasification product is flammable
The space combustion of gas can be improved ignition temperature (1000 °C that can achieve dangerous waste standard), further decrease dioxin
Discharge, while being passed through air in the end of burn-out grate and make the abundant after-flame of residue, the heat for generation of burning be again front drying,
Pyrolysis and gasification provide heat;Realize the burning of the double classifications of Fuel-air under the conditions of rotary kiln-fire grate, Ke Yi
Initial ejection is substantially improved while extending rubbish use scope.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the rotary kiln incinerator schematic diagram of one of which embodiment involved by the utility model.
In figure: 1- hopper;2- rotary kiln;The first combustion chamber 3-;4- fire grate;Air compartment of 5-;6- gasification gas is logical
Road;7- after-flame air holes;8- material-pulling device;The second combustion chamber 9-;10- secondary furnace;11- overfiren air port;12- water sealed tank;
13- ash dropping hopper;14- ash tube.
Specific embodiment
Specific embodiment of the present utility model and the course of work are further described with reference to the accompanying drawing.
The positional terms such as the upper, lower, left, right, front and rear in present specification be positional relationship based on the figure and
It establishes.Attached drawing is different, then corresponding positional relationship is also possible to change therewith, therefore cannot be interpreted as with this to protection model
The restriction enclosed.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of rotary kiln incinerator, including hopper 1, rotary kiln 2, the burning of the first combustion chamber 3, second
Room 9 and secondary furnace 10.In Fig. 1, A-A section is the longitudinal direction connection signal in gasification gas channel 6 and the second combustion chamber 9.
The front end of rotary kiln 2 is arranged in hopper 1, material-pulling device 8 is provided with below hopper 1, material-pulling device 8 is along described time
2 central axis direction of rotary kiln moves reciprocatingly, and the fuel of hopper 1 is pushed into rotary kiln 2.
2 front end of rotary kiln is also connected with gasification gas channel 6, and gasification gas channel 6 is connected to 2 front end of rotary kiln and the second burning
Between 9 import of room.
The end of rotary kiln 2 is arranged in first combustion chamber 3, is equipped with connector and rotary kiln 2 at the upper side of the first combustion chamber 3
Connection.The side that first combustion chamber 3 is located at below connector is provided with the fire grate 4 of inclination arrangement, fire grate 4 select drum grate or
Reciprocal grate.Fire grate 4 and rotary kiln 2 are arranged in staged.4 bottom of fire grate is provided with an air compartment 5 for being passed through gasifying agent.Gas
Agent includes air and/or water vapour.Persons skilled in the art should be appreciated that as needed, fire grate 4 can be set to two
Grade even three-level fire grate, and adjacent two-stage fire grate is arranged in staged.
First combustion chamber, 3 bottom crimp forms slag channel, and 4 end of fire grate is connected with slag channel, slag channel bottom end
It is provided with water sealed tank 12.The use of after-flame air holes 7 is provided on the first combustion chamber 3 sidewall slope arrangement opposite with connector and side wall
In penetrating air.After-flame air holes 7 is arranged towards fire grate 4, so that being sprayed by the air that after-flame air holes 7 sprays into towards fire grate 4.Combustion
Several are arranged in the side wall opposite with connector along the first combustion chamber 3 of air holes 7 to the greatest extent, and several after-flame air holes 7 are towards fire grate 4
Setting, so that being sprayed by the air that after-flame air holes 7 sprays into towards fire grate 4.
As needed, 3 inner wall of the first combustion chamber can lay refractory material, make 3 accumulation of heat gasification, and combustion of the first combustion chamber
Room.
Second combustion chamber 9 is arranged with 10 horizontal alignment of secondary furnace and its bottom is provided with cigarette wind channel and is connected to.Second
Combustion chamber 9 and 10 bottom opposite tilt of secondary furnace arrange to form ash dropping hopper 13, and ash tube 14 is arranged in 13 bottom of ash dropping hopper.Ash tube
14 ends also use water seal.Overfiren air port 11 is provided at the top of second combustion chamber 9.
When incinerator starts:
Moisture content fuel is fed into rotary kiln 2 from hopper 1, as the rotation of rotary kiln 2 is slowly stirred by 2 front end of rotary kiln
2 end of rotary kiln is transported to fall to by connector on the fire grate 4 of the first combustion chamber 3;An air compartment 5 from 4 bottom of fire grate
It is passed through gasifying agent and lights fuel, so that the fuel on fire grate 4 occurs gasification reaction and generates gasification gas, part of fuel and/or gas
Change residue, which further burns, generates combustion product gases and lime-ash;Gasification gas and combustion gas, which converge to 3 top of the first combustion chamber, becomes mixed
Gas is closed, gaseous mixture enters rotary kiln 2 from connector and provides heat against fuel flowing for fuel;
The partial gasification agent being passed through from an air compartment 5 enters rotary kiln 2 also by connector, is mixed using the first combustion chamber
The heat that gas heat source provides, so that the fuel in rotary kiln 2 occurs gasification reaction and generates gasification gas;Gas gasify together with gaseous mixture
As fuel gas, the fuel gas that carry ash content enters the second combustion chamber 9 by the gasification gas channel 6 of 2 front end of rotary kiln and burns;
The fuel gas of burning is set to enter secondary furnace 10 from the cigarette wind channel Zigzag type of the second combustion chamber 9 and 10 bottom of secondary furnace
Burning completely, and makes the ash content of fuel gas carrying deposit to the second combustion chamber 9 and secondary furnace 10 when fuel gas is turned back and flowed
Bottom;
Lime-ash after making burning falls into slag channel from 4 end of fire grate, cooling in water sealed tank 12.
When being operated normally after incinerator starting:
Moisture content fuel is fed into rotary kiln 2 from hopper 1;
Fuel is set slowly to stir the process of 2 end of rotary kiln of being transported to by 2 front end of rotary kiln with the rotation of rotary kiln 2
In, entering from 2 end of rotary kiln and under the gasification gas of backfire stream and row, gasifying agent and the heating of combustion gas gaseous mixture, and mixed
It closes the gasifying agent in flue gas and gasification reaction generation gasification gas occurs;The gasification gas and remaining gaseous mixture that fuel gasification reaction generates
It is mixed into fuel gas;The fuel gas that carry ash content enters the second combustion chamber 9 by the gasification gas channel 6 of 2 front end of rotary kiln;
Secondary Air is sprayed into from overfiren air port 11, fuel gas is made to burn in the second combustion chamber 9, and from the second combustion chamber 9 and is fired
The cigarette wind channel Zigzag type of 10 bottom of room to the greatest extent enters secondary furnace 10 and burns completely;When fuel gas is turned back into secondary furnace 10, fuel
The ash content that gas carries deposits to 10 bottom of the second combustion chamber 9 and secondary furnace under inertia force effect;
After making gasification be not gasified totally fuel and residue after gasifying falls to the fire grate 4 of the first combustion chamber 3 by connector
On;
It is passed through gasifying agent from an air compartment 5 of 4 bottom of fire grate, so that the fuel that is not gasified totally on fire grate 4 is further sent out
Raw gasification reaction generates gasification gas and residue after gasifying, and residue after gasifying oxidizing fire is made to generate the combustion gas that carry heat;
It is passed through air from after-flame air holes 7, enhances the disturbance of the first combustion chamber 3, promotes the fuel that is not gasified totally on fire grate 4
Gasification and residue after gasifying oxidizing fire, generate gasification gas and combustion gas respectively;During this, partial gasification gas is also by oxygen
Change burning and generates the combustion gas that carry heat;
The gaseous mixture of gas and combustion gas of making to gasify converges to 3 top of the first combustion chamber, and it is inverse from connector to enter rotary kiln 2
Fuel flowing provides heat for fuel;
The partial gasification agent being passed through from an air compartment 5, which is also mixed with gaseous mixture, enters rotary kiln 2 by connector;
Lime-ash after making burning falls into slag channel from 4 end of fire grate, cooling in water sealed tank 12.
When moisture content fuel is heated generation gasification reaction in rotary kiln 2, the moisture in fuel is heated precipitation conduct
Gasifying agent.
Fuel includes one or more mixtures of house refuse, industrial refuse.
When the second combustion chamber 9 and 10 bottom opposite tilt of secondary furnace become ash dropping hopper 13, ash dropping hopper 13 plays inertia point
Effect from device, so that the ash separation carried in fuel gas, being gathered in ash dropping hopper 13.The ash of ash dropping hopper 13 passes through ash tube
14 discharges.
The above descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the utility model, for this
For the technical staff in field, various modifications and changes may be made to the present invention.It is all in the spirit and principles of the utility model
Within, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on should be included within the scope of protection of this utility model.