CN220981344U - Dry and wet garbage combined incineration device - Google Patents
Dry and wet garbage combined incineration device Download PDFInfo
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- CN220981344U CN220981344U CN202321687709.4U CN202321687709U CN220981344U CN 220981344 U CN220981344 U CN 220981344U CN 202321687709 U CN202321687709 U CN 202321687709U CN 220981344 U CN220981344 U CN 220981344U
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- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 77
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims description 70
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 45
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
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- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 description 24
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 15
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 8
- KVGZZAHHUNAVKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxin Chemical compound O1C=COC=C1 KVGZZAHHUNAVKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000010815 organic waste Substances 0.000 description 7
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 239000002957 persistent organic pollutant Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- 235000002918 Fraxinus excelsior Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000012855 volatile organic compound Substances 0.000 description 5
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 208000005156 Dehydration Diseases 0.000 description 4
- RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphur dioxide Chemical compound O=S=O RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 4
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- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 3
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007084 catalytic combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen chloride Substances Cl.Cl IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000041 hydrogen chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000037 hydrogen sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002440 industrial waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004056 waste incineration Methods 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The utility model belongs to a dry and wet garbage combined incineration device, which comprises a vertical metal furnace body I, wherein the outer wall of the furnace body I is wrapped by a heat insulation material for heat insulation, the upper part of the furnace body I is provided with a smoke outlet I and a discharge opening, the upper part of the discharge opening is provided with a valve, the upper part of the valve is provided with a hopper, and the outlet of a feeder is communicated with the inside of the hopper. The utility model has high heat utilization rate, low operation cost and good industrial practicability.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of garbage disposal, in particular to a device for treating garbage by negative pressure incineration of wet garbage and positive pressure incineration of dry garbage.
Background
In general, kitchen garbage classified by urban and rural communities, streets and villages is fermented and degraded to prepare organic fertilizer, and other garbage classified is incinerated; in general, the classified 'other garbage' also contains a certain amount of carbohydrate (such as kitchen residues and Pi Hecai leaves), the water content is 40% -80% (wt%) and the heat value is low, the drying and dehydration treatment is not performed yet, the classified 'other garbage' in the original state is called wet garbage, particularly the 'other garbage' collected in rainy season has higher water content and low heat value, and the pretreatment of drying and dehydration of the 'other garbage' is needed; drying and dehydrating the original 'other garbage', namely, the garbage with the water content of 10-30% (wt%) is called dry garbage, and the dry garbage can be thoroughly incinerated to ashes in an incinerator; the fermentation dehydration of garbage or the drying of garbage requires heat source and electric energy, which increases the operation cost of garbage incineration treatment; in CN219063467U, a dry and wet garbage incineration power generation device, the incineration of wet garbage is a process of drying, incinerating and deslagging by conveying high-temperature flue gas generated by dry garbage incineration into a continuously rotating grate furnace; the wet garbage has high water content and low heat value, and the heat of the flue gas discharged by the dry garbage incineration is absorbed by the drying and incineration of the wet garbage (comprising inorganic matters, organic matters and water) in the grate furnace, so that the temperature of the flue gas entering the secondary combustion chamber is low; in the rotary grate furnace, wet garbage materials continuously move to a high temperature region to burn to be ashes after entering from a low temperature region of the grate furnace, particularly, when the wet garbage enters the low temperature region of the grate furnace, volatile organic matters in the wet garbage become gas-phase products after being heated, the gas-phase products are not burnt by the high temperature burning region, but are directly discharged into a secondary combustion chamber from the low temperature region of the grate furnace, and organic pollutants in smoke do not reach pyrolysis; when the moisture content of the wet garbage in the rainy season is high, the temperature range of 850-1100 ℃ of dioxin decomposition in the secondary combustion chamber is not reached;
The technical equipment for carrying out drying dehydration on the original state 'other garbage' (called wet garbage) classified by communities is not carried out in advance, but is subjected to direct incineration, and has been popularized and applied and reported in literature, the original state 'other garbage' (called wet garbage) can be subjected to anoxic 'smoldering' to ashes at the temperature below 350 ℃ in a negative pressure incinerator of a fixed grate, and can also be subjected to incineration to ashes at the temperature of 650-750 ℃ in a negative pressure incinerator of a reciprocating grate, a certain amount of tar, dioxin and volatile organic matters are entrained in smoke discharged by the wet garbage through the negative pressure incineration, the smoke is required to be subjected to thermal decomposition treatment of a secondary combustion chamber at the temperature of 850-1100 ℃, and the temperature in the secondary combustion chamber is increased, so that fuel (such as fuel gas or fuel oil) is required to be additionally provided for secondary combustion heating, and the energy consumption cost of garbage treatment is increased;
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model provides a device for combined incineration of dry and wet garbage, which aims at the defects of the prior art and comprises the following components: the system comprises a negative pressure incinerator, a first induced draft fan, a positive pressure incinerator, a second blower, a secondary combustion chamber, a first blower, waste heat recovery equipment, a second induced draft fan, a flue gas purifying device and a chimney;
The negative pressure incinerator comprises a vertical metal furnace body I, wherein the outer wall of the furnace body I is wrapped by a heat insulation material for heat insulation, a smoke outlet I and a discharge opening are arranged at the upper part of the furnace body I, a valve is arranged at the upper part of the discharge opening, a hopper is arranged at the upper part of the valve, and an outlet of a feeder is communicated with the interior of the hopper; a grate I is arranged at the lower part of the furnace body I, a thermal decomposition chamber is arranged above the grate I, a slag discharging door I is arranged on the side wall of the lower part of the thermal decomposition chamber, a furnace ash chamber I is arranged below the grate I, an ash discharging door is arranged on the side wall of the furnace ash chamber I, an air inlet I is arranged on the side surface of the middle part of the furnace ash chamber I, and an air flow regulating valve I is arranged at the inlet of the air inlet I;
The positive pressure incinerator comprises a cylindrical or square furnace body II made of metal, a furnace ash chamber II is arranged above the bottom of the furnace body II, a high-temperature incineration area is arranged below the middle part of the furnace body II, a garbage drying area is arranged above the middle part of the furnace body II, and a feeding device of a lower gate valve, a storage bin and an upper gate valve is arranged above the furnace body II; a grate II is arranged above the grate II, a high-temperature incineration area is arranged above the grate II, refractory bricks are arranged in the side wall of the furnace body II around the high-temperature incineration area for heat preservation, a garbage drying area is arranged above the high-temperature incineration area, a lower gate valve is arranged above the garbage drying area, a bin is arranged above the lower gate valve, an upper gate valve is arranged above the bin, a grate II is arranged below the grate II, a dust discharging door and an air inlet III are respectively arranged on the side wall of the grate II, a smoke outlet II and a thermometer I are arranged on the side wall of the grate II, and the smoke inlet I is arranged above the grate II and communicated with the interior of the furnace body II; the slag discharging door II is arranged above the grate II on the side wall of the lower part of the furnace body II; the side wall of the upper part of the furnace body II is provided with an air outlet, the side wall of the lower part of the furnace body II above the grate is provided with an air inlet, and the air outlet is communicated with the air inlet through a vent pipe; the grate I and the grate II belong to boiler grates, and comprise a fixed grate, a conical disc type rotary grate, a movable reciprocating grate or a rotary chain grate;
The secondary combustion chamber belongs to a cuboid or cylindrical metal shell, wherein a refractory material is arranged in an inner layer of the shell for heat accumulation and heat preservation, 1 or more layers of wind-resistant refractory heat accumulation partition boards are arranged in the shell, and an air inlet II, a smoke inlet III, a smoke outlet III and a thermometer II are arranged on the shell, so that the secondary combustion chamber belongs to a secondary combustion chamber arranged behind an industrial garbage incinerator;
The flue gas purification device belongs to flue gas purification treatment equipment for industrial waste incineration, and has the functions of desulfurizing, dechlorinating, tar removing, dedusting and removing VOC volatile organic matters, and comprises (a) an alkali liquor spray tower, an alkali liquor (such as sodium hydroxide liquid) reacts with acidic substances (such as sulfur dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, hydrogen chloride and carbon dioxide) in flue gas to remove the acidic substances in the flue gas, an electrostatic precipitator, the tar in the flue gas is removed by the electrostatic precipitator, an activated carbon adsorption box, the heavy metals and the micromolecular organic pollutants in the flue gas are removed by activated carbon adsorption, and (d) low-temperature catalytic combustion equipment is used for removing VOC volatile organic matters in the flue gas;
The waste heat recovery equipment comprises a waste heat boiler, a shell-and-tube heat exchanger or a tube heat exchanger, and converts the heat of high-temperature flue gas into hot water, steam or hot air;
The smoke outlet of the negative pressure incinerator is communicated with the inlet of the induced draft fan I through the smoke exhaust pipe I, the outlet of the induced draft fan I is communicated with the smoke inlet of the positive pressure incinerator through the smoke exhaust pipe II, the outlet of the blower II is communicated with the air inlet of the positive pressure incinerator through the air flow regulating valve II, and the smoke outlet of the positive pressure incinerator is communicated with the smoke inlet of the secondary combustion chamber III through the flue pipe II; the outlet of the first air blower is connected and communicated with the air inlet of the second secondary combustion chamber through an air flow regulating valve III, the flue gas outlet of the second combustion chamber is connected and communicated with the flue gas inlet five of the waste heat recovery device through a pipeline, the flue gas outlet four-way of the waste heat recovery device is connected and communicated with the flue gas inlet four of the flue gas purification device through a pipeline, the flue gas outlet five of the flue gas purification device is connected and communicated with the inlet of the second induced draft fan through a pipeline, and the outlet of the second induced draft fan is connected and communicated with the inlet of the chimney through a pipeline;
The principle of implementing the dry and wet garbage combined incineration by the device is as follows:
The utility model uses the concept that a civil iron maker spreads an iron casting bellows to supply oxygen at positive pressure to improve the furnace temperature, the faster the push-pull rod speed of the bellows is, the greater the pressure of positive pressure air (oxygen) in the iron-making furnace is, the greater the oxygen density is, the higher the temperature of a hearth is, and the more red iron blocks are forged in the furnace; the air with the pressure higher than the atmospheric pressure is conveyed into the positive pressure incinerator by adopting the blower II, so that the garbage incineration temperature can be greatly increased, and the garbage incineration is accelerated; only one smoke outlet II for pressure relief is arranged in the positive pressure incinerator, and a lower gate valve, a slag discharging door II and an ash discharging door in garbage incineration are all in a closed state, so that garbage is ensured to be incinerated in the positive pressure environment in the positive pressure incinerator; according to the dry garbage incineration with high heat value under the positive pressure condition, the penetrating power of oxygen, heat radiation and heat transfer can be improved, the oxygen pressure is increased to enter deep inside garbage for combustion, so that the hearth incineration temperature of a high-temperature incineration area of the positive pressure incinerator reaches high temperature of 850-1100 ℃, and the garbage incineration speed is high; black smoke containing a large amount of carbon monoxide and tar discharged from a low-temperature incinerator in an original state of other garbage is conveyed to a 850-1100 ℃ high-temperature incineration area of a positive pressure incinerator, and is subjected to '3T+E' high-temperature incineration in a secondary combustion chamber, so that dioxin and organic wastes in the black smoke are thoroughly decomposed;
Normally, the original state 'other garbage' after community classification has high water content and low heat value, and particularly when a fixed grate (such as a grate) negative pressure incinerator or a negative pressure reciprocating grate incinerator for pumping smoke by an induced draft fan is used for incinerating 'other garbage', the hearth temperature is low, the garbage incineration speed is low, a large amount of black smoke containing carbon monoxide and tar is generated by incineration, and the black smoke needs to be introduced into a secondary combustion chamber for secondary combustion treatment at 850-1100 ℃, so that the running cost is increased for the subsequent smoke standard reaching treatment; the utility model adopts a part of waste plastics, waste rubber or paper scraps with low water content and high heat value as dry garbage raw materials in other garbage, or dries a part of other garbage, so that the water content of wet garbage is reduced to below 30 percent (wt%) to become dry garbage, the heat required by drying the wet garbage is obtained from the high-temperature flue gas waste heat after the garbage is burned by a positive pressure incinerator, or industrial and agricultural organic waste with abundant sources and high heat value (such as plastic product waste, rubber product waste, organic composite product waste, forestry product waste or agricultural film waste) is adopted as the dry garbage raw materials; the dry garbage raw material is subjected to high-temperature incineration at 850-1100 ℃ in a positive pressure incinerator; meanwhile, black smoke containing carbon monoxide and tar discharged after the original state 'other garbage' with low heat value after community classification is burnt is introduced into a high-temperature burning zone of a positive pressure burning furnace for high-temperature burning, flame smoke discharged from the high-temperature burning zone of the positive pressure burning furnace is introduced into a secondary burning chamber for burning within a temperature range of 850-1100 ℃ in no less than 3 seconds, the '3T+E' garbage burning treatment is implemented, and the heat of the high-temperature flame smoke generated by the dry garbage burning in the positive pressure burning furnace is utilized, so that additional fuel (such as fuel gas and fuel oil) is not needed to be purchased for heating and raising the temperature of the secondary burning chamber to decompose dioxin and organic pollutants in the smoke, which is one of the characteristics of the utility model;
In the utility model, raw materials are heated and then generate steam and tar gas in a garbage drying area at the upper part of a high-temperature incineration area of the positive pressure incinerator, so that the pressure at the upper part of the positive pressure incinerator is increased, safety accidents with exceeding pressure are easy to occur, the steam and the tar gas are decompressed through a vent pipe or returned to the low-pressure high-temperature incineration area, the steam is introduced into the 850-1100 ℃ high-temperature incineration area to generate water gas reaction (C+H 2O→CO+H2), combustible hydrogen and carbon monoxide with increased heat value are generated, and the incineration temperature of the positive pressure incinerator is increased; the tar gas generated by the positive pressure incinerator is introduced into the high-temperature incineration area for combustion, so that the tar emission in the flue gas is reduced, and the temperature of the high-temperature incineration area is increased; meanwhile, the burning of tar also improves the heat utilization rate of garbage burning, which is one of the characteristics of the utility model;
By alternately opening or closing the upper gate valve above the bin and the lower gate valve below the bin, the environment pollution caused by the fact that water vapor and tar gas phase matters in the positive pressure incinerator cannot overflow from the positive pressure incinerator when the garbage raw materials are added can be effectively prevented, and the continuous normal operation of the positive pressure incinerator can be ensured not to be influenced when the garbage raw materials are added, which is one of the main characteristics of the utility model;
The garbage comprises household garbage, agricultural and forestry organic waste and industrial organic waste.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows:
1. The positive pressure incinerator of the utility model can improve the penetrating power of oxygen, heat radiation and heat transfer, increase the oxygen pressure to enter the deep inside of garbage for combustion, so that the incineration temperature of a high temperature incineration area of the positive pressure incinerator is high, the garbage incineration speed is high, tar is cracked at high temperature, garbage is ejected from a smoke outlet II in the form of flame gas at 850-1100 ℃ after being incinerated in the high temperature incineration area, a heat source is provided for a secondary combustion chamber,
2. The original state ' other garbage (wet garbage) ' is generated by incinerating the other garbage (wet garbage) ' in the negative pressure incinerator, and the flue gas containing carbon monoxide and volatile organic waste is conveyed to a high-temperature incineration area of the positive pressure incinerator or/and a secondary combustion chamber to carry out 850-1100 ℃ high-temperature incineration, and the energy consumption cost of harmless treatment of the garbage incineration is greatly reduced by means of the high-temperature flame flue gas heat generated by dry garbage incineration of the positive pressure incinerator without additionally purchasing fuel (such as fuel gas and fuel oil) to heat the secondary combustion chamber to decompose dioxin and organic pollutants in the flue gas;
3. The utility model has the advantages of low operation cost, high heat utilization rate, mature technology of the adopted device, simple structure, easy operation, convenient maintenance, low cost and good industrial practicability;
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the device according to the present utility model;
In FIG. 1, 1-feeder, 2-valve, 3-discharge port, 4-smoke outlet, 5-furnace body of negative pressure incinerator, 6-thermal decomposition chamber, 7-slag discharge gate, 8-grate, 9-ash chamber, 10-smoke exhaust pipe, 11-air inlet, 12-induced draft fan, 13-smoke inlet, 14-air inlet, three, 15-ash chamber, 16-grate, 17-ash discharge gate, 18-high temperature incineration zone, 19-refractory brick, 20-smoke outlet, 21-air inlet, 22-air flow regulating valve, 23-air flow regulating valve, three, 24-hopper, 25-vent pipe, 26-air outlet, 27-a garbage drying area, 28-a lower gate valve, 29-a bin, 30-an upper gate valve, 31-a second furnace body of a positive pressure incinerator, 32-a flue pipe, 33-a third flue gas inlet, 34-a first thermometer, 35-a second air inlet, 36-a first blower, 37-a choke baffle, 38-a secondary combustion chamber, 39-a third flue gas outlet, 40-a waste heat recovery device, 41-a second induced draft fan, 42-a fourth flue gas inlet, 43-a flue gas purifying device, 44-a chimney, 45-a second slag discharge door, 46-a fifth flue gas inlet, 47-a fourth flue gas outlet, 48-a fifth flue gas outlet, 49-a second blower, 50-a second thermometer, 51-an air flow regulating valve, and 52-a second flue gas discharge pipe;
Detailed Description
The device of the utility model is further described below in connection with fig. 1 and the examples, but the examples are not limited thereto.
A dry and wet waste combined incineration device, comprising: the system comprises a negative pressure incinerator, a first induced draft fan, a positive pressure incinerator, a second blower, a secondary combustion chamber, a first blower, waste heat recovery equipment, a second induced draft fan, flue gas purification equipment and a chimney;
The negative pressure incinerator comprises a vertical metal furnace body I (5), wherein the outer wall of the furnace body I (5) is wrapped by a heat insulation material for heat insulation, a smoke outlet I (4) and a discharge opening (3) are arranged at the upper part of the furnace body I (5), a valve (2) is arranged at the upper part of the discharge opening (3), a hopper (24) is arranged at the upper part of the valve (2), and the outlet of a feeder (1) is communicated with the interior of the hopper (24); a grate I (8) is arranged at the lower part of the furnace body I (5), a thermal decomposition chamber (6) is arranged above the grate I (8), a slag discharging door I (7) is arranged on the side wall of the lower part of the thermal decomposition chamber (6), a furnace ash chamber I (9) is arranged below the grate I (8), a furnace ash door is arranged on the side wall of the furnace ash chamber I (9), an air inlet I (11) is arranged on the side surface of the middle part of the furnace ash chamber I (9), and an air flow regulating valve I (22) is arranged at the inlet of the air inlet I (11);
The positive pressure incinerator comprises a second furnace body (31) which is made of a metal cylinder or square body, a second furnace ash chamber (15) is arranged above the bottom of the second furnace body (31), a high-temperature incineration area (18) is arranged below the middle of the second furnace body (31), a garbage drying area (27) is arranged above the middle of the second furnace body (31), and a feeding device of a lower gate valve (28), a storage bin (29) and an upper gate valve (30) is arranged above the upper part of the second furnace body (31); a grate II (16) is arranged above the grate II (15), a high-temperature incineration area (18) is arranged above the grate II (16), refractory bricks (19) are arranged in the side wall of a furnace body II (31) around the high-temperature incineration area (18) for heat preservation, a garbage drying area (27) is arranged above the high-temperature incineration area (18), a lower gate valve (28) is arranged above the garbage drying area (27), a bin (29) is arranged above the lower gate valve (28), an upper gate valve (30) is arranged above the bin (29), the grate II (15) is arranged below the grate II (16), an ash discharge door (17) and an air inlet III (14) are respectively arranged on the side wall of the grate II (15), a smoke outlet II (20) and a temperature measuring instrument I (34) are arranged on the side wall of the grate II (16), and the smoke inlet I (13) is arranged above the grate II (16) and is communicated with the interior of the furnace body II (31); the slag discharging door II (45) is arranged above the grate II (16) on the side wall of the lower part of the furnace body II (31); an air outlet (26) is arranged on the side wall of the upper part of the second furnace body (31), an air inlet (21) is arranged on the side wall of the lower part of the second furnace body (31) above the second furnace grate (16), and the air outlet (26) is connected and communicated with the air inlet (21) through an air pipe (25); the grate I (8) and the grate II (16) belong to boiler grates, and comprise a fixed grate, a conical disc type rotary grate, a movable reciprocating grate or a rotary chain grate;
The secondary combustion chamber (38) belongs to a cuboid or cylindrical metal shell, wherein a refractory material is arranged in the inner layer of the shell for heat accumulation and heat preservation, 1 or more layers of wind-resistant, fire-resistant and heat-accumulating partition plates (37) are arranged in the shell, and an air inlet II (35), a smoke inlet III (33), a smoke outlet III (39) and a thermometer II (50) are arranged on the shell, so that the secondary combustion chamber belongs to a secondary combustion chamber arranged behind an industrial garbage incinerator;
The flue gas purification device (43) belongs to flue gas purification equipment for industrial waste incineration, and has the functions of desulfurizing, dechlorinating, tar removing, dedusting and removing VOC volatile organic matters, and comprises (1) an alkali liquor spray tower, an alkali liquor (such as sodium hydroxide liquid) reacts with acidic substances (such as sulfur dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, hydrogen chloride and carbon dioxide) in the flue gas to remove the acidic substances in the flue gas, (2) an electrostatic precipitator, tar in the flue gas is removed by the electrostatic precipitator, (3) an activated carbon adsorption box, heavy metals and micromolecular organic pollutants in the flue gas are removed by activated carbon adsorption, and (4) a low-temperature catalytic combustion device is used for removing VOC volatile organic matters in the flue gas;
The waste heat recovery device (40) comprises a waste heat boiler, a shell-and-tube heat exchanger or a tube heat exchanger, and converts heat of high-temperature flue gas into hot water, steam or hot air;
In the device, a smoke outlet I (4) of the negative pressure incinerator is communicated with an inlet of a draught fan I (12) through a smoke exhaust pipe I (10), an outlet of the draught fan I (12) is communicated with a smoke inlet I (13) of the positive pressure incinerator through a smoke exhaust pipe II (52), an outlet of a blower II (49) is communicated with an air inlet III (14) of the positive pressure incinerator through an air flow regulating valve II (51), and a smoke outlet II (20) of the positive pressure incinerator is communicated with a smoke inlet III (33) of a secondary combustion chamber (38) through a flue pipe (32); the outlet of the first air blower (36) is connected and communicated with the air inlet II (35) of the secondary combustion chamber (38) through an air flow regulating valve III (23), the flue gas outlet III (39) of the secondary combustion chamber (38) is connected and communicated with the flue gas inlet V (46) of the waste heat recovery device (40) through a pipeline, the flue gas outlet IV (47) of the waste heat recovery device (40) is connected and communicated with the flue gas inlet IV (42) of the flue gas purification device (43) through a pipeline, the flue gas outlet V (48) of the flue gas purification device (43) is connected and communicated with the inlet of the induced draft fan II (41) through a pipeline, and the outlet of the induced draft fan II (41) is connected and communicated with the inlet of the chimney (44) through a pipeline;
Examples
Raw garbage raw materials in a community sorting state are pretreated or not pretreated, and are added into a thermal decomposition chamber (6) of a negative pressure incinerator by using a manual or feeding machine; the pretreatment refers to: crushing, extruding and drying garbage, removing inorganic matters such as masonry and ironware, loading inflammable matters from a slag discharge door I (7) of the negative pressure incinerator, and igniting the inflammable matters; closing a slag discharging door I (7), regulating an air flow regulating valve I (22) at the lower part of the negative pressure incinerator, so that the amount of air entering the thermal decomposition chamber (6) can maintain normal combustion of inflammable substances in the thermal decomposition chamber (6), enabling the air to enter a furnace ash chamber I (9) after being regulated by the air flow regulating valve I (22), enabling the air to pass through a furnace grate I (8) upwards from the furnace ash chamber I (9) to enter the thermal decomposition chamber (6), pyrolyzing the other garbage raw materials, enabling the pyrolysis temperature in the thermal decomposition chamber (6) to be 240-500 ℃, and enabling slag generated by the thermal decomposition chamber (6) to be discharged from the slag discharging door I (7) periodically; smoke generated in the pyrolysis process is led out from a smoke outlet I (4) at the upper part of the negative pressure incinerator by a first induced draft fan (12), is pumped out by a first smoke exhaust pipe (10) and the first induced draft fan (12), and is conveyed to a high-temperature incineration area (18) in the positive pressure incinerator for high-temperature incineration; the method comprises the steps of selecting inflammable matters with high heat value (such as waste plastics, paper scraps and wood blocks) from raw state 'other garbage' collected by household garbage classification as dry garbage raw materials, or preheating and drying the 'other garbage' to obtain dry garbage raw materials, or adopting industrial and agricultural organic wastes with high heat value (such as plastic product waste, rubber product waste, organic composite product waste, forestry product waste or agricultural film waste) as dry garbage raw materials; when the material is fed, firstly closing a lower gate valve (28) at the top of the positive pressure incinerator, then opening an upper gate valve (30), loading dry garbage raw materials (the water content is less than 30%) into a storage bin (29), then closing the upper gate valve (30), then opening the lower gate valve (28), and enabling the dry garbage raw materials in the storage bin (29) to fall into a garbage drying area (27) of the positive pressure incinerator by gravity;
Charging combustibles from a slag discharging door II (45) of the positive pressure incinerator and igniting the combustibles; closing the second slag discharging door (45), starting a second air blower (49), adjusting a second air flow adjusting valve (51) at the lower part of the positive pressure incinerator, so that the air quantity entering the high-temperature incineration area (18) can maintain the normal combustion of the dry garbage raw materials or organic wastes in the high-temperature incineration area (18), and the air enters the high-temperature incineration area (18) after being adjusted by the second air blower (51); air enters a furnace ash chamber II (15) after the flow is regulated by a valve II (51), then passes through a furnace grate II (16) upwards from the furnace ash chamber II (15) to enter a high-temperature incineration area (18), flue gas discharged by a negative-pressure incinerator is conveyed into the high-temperature incineration area (18) of the positive-pressure incinerator through a draught fan I (12) to be incinerated, dry garbage is incinerated in the high-temperature incineration area (18) of the positive-pressure incinerator at a positive pressure higher than the atmospheric pressure (such as 3000-5000 pa), and the incineration temperature reaches 850-1100 ℃; in the positive pressure incinerator, dry garbage raw materials fall into a high-temperature incineration area (18) from a garbage drying area (27) downwards to be incinerated to ashes, gas-phase substances generated in the garbage drying area (27) flow into the high-temperature incineration area (18) through a vent pipe (25) to be incinerated, flame smoke generated in the high-temperature incineration area (18) is sprayed out from a smoke outlet II (20) of the positive pressure incinerator, and slag generated in the high-temperature incineration area (18) is periodically discharged from a slag discharging door II (45); flame flue gas sprayed out of a flue gas outlet II (20) of the positive pressure incinerator is introduced into a secondary combustion chamber (38) to perform high-temperature combustion under the conditions of oxygen supplementation and heat storage, air enters the secondary combustion chamber (38) after the flow rate is regulated by a first air blower (36) and a third air flow regulating valve (23), the incineration temperature in the secondary combustion chamber (38) is controlled to be 850-1100 ℃, the incineration time of the flame flue gas passing through the secondary combustion chamber (38) is longer than 3 seconds, and dioxin and organic pollutants in the flame flue gas are thoroughly pyrolyzed; the high-temperature flue gas discharged from the secondary combustion chamber (38) is introduced into the waste heat recovery equipment (40) for recycling heat energy recovery, and the low-temperature flue gas is discharged from the waste heat recovery equipment (40); the flue gas purification device (43) is adopted to carry out desulfurization, dechlorination, dust removal, tar removal and volatile organic compound removal purification standard reaching treatment on low-temperature flue gas discharged by the waste heat recovery equipment (40), the gas purified to reach the national discharge standard is conveyed to a chimney (44) inlet through a second induced draft fan (41), and standard reaching gas is discharged from a chimney (44) outlet;
Through detection, all indexes in discharged flue gas reach the discharge standard of national standard GB 1885-2014 ' domestic garbage incineration pollution control Standard ', wherein the content of dioxin is 0.051TEQng/Nm 3, the content of carbon monoxide (CO) is less than 3mg/m 3, and the blackness (Green's grade) of the flue gas is less than 1.
Claims (1)
1. A device for the combined incineration of dry and wet waste, which is characterized by comprising: the system comprises a negative pressure incinerator, a first induced draft fan, a positive pressure incinerator, a second blower, a secondary combustion chamber, a first blower, waste heat recovery equipment, a second induced draft fan, a flue gas purifying device and a chimney;
The negative pressure incinerator comprises a vertical metal furnace body I (5), wherein the outer wall of the furnace body I (5) is wrapped by a heat insulation material for heat insulation, a smoke outlet I (4) and a discharge opening (3) are arranged at the upper part of the furnace body I (5), a valve (2) is arranged at the upper part of the discharge opening (3), a hopper (24) is arranged at the upper part of the valve (2), and the outlet of a feeder (1) is communicated with the interior of the hopper (24); a grate I (8) is arranged at the lower part of the furnace body I (5), a thermal decomposition chamber (6) is arranged above the grate I (8), a slag discharging door I (7) is arranged on the side wall of the lower part of the thermal decomposition chamber (6), a furnace ash chamber I (9) is arranged below the grate I (8), a furnace ash door is arranged on the side wall of the furnace ash chamber I (9), an air inlet I (11) is arranged on the side surface of the middle part of the furnace ash chamber I (9), and an air flow regulating valve I (22) is arranged at the inlet of the air inlet I (11);
The positive pressure incinerator comprises a second furnace body (31) which is made of a metal cylinder or square body, a second furnace ash chamber (15) is arranged above the bottom of the second furnace body (31), a high-temperature incineration area (18) is arranged below the middle of the second furnace body (31), a garbage drying area (27) is arranged above the middle of the second furnace body (31), and a feeding device of a lower gate valve (28), a storage bin (29) and an upper gate valve (30) is arranged above the upper part of the second furnace body (31); a grate II (16) is arranged above the grate II (15), a high-temperature incineration area (18) is arranged above the grate II (16), refractory bricks (19) are arranged in the side wall of a furnace body II (31) around the high-temperature incineration area (18) for heat preservation, a garbage drying area (27) is arranged above the high-temperature incineration area (18), a lower gate valve (28) is arranged above the garbage drying area (27), a bin (29) is arranged above the lower gate valve (28), an upper gate valve (30) is arranged above the bin (29), the grate II (15) is arranged below the grate II (16), an ash discharge door (17) and an air inlet III (14) are respectively arranged on the side wall of the grate II (15), a smoke outlet II (20) and a temperature measuring instrument I (34) are arranged on the side wall of the grate II (16), and the smoke inlet I (13) is arranged above the grate II (16) and is communicated with the interior of the furnace body II (31); the slag discharging door II (45) is arranged above the grate II (16) on the side wall of the lower part of the furnace body II (31); an air outlet (26) is arranged on the side wall of the upper part of the second furnace body (31), an air inlet (21) is arranged on the side wall of the lower part of the second furnace body (31) above the second furnace grate (16), and the air outlet (26) is connected and communicated with the air inlet (21) through an air pipe (25); the grate I (8) and the grate II (16) belong to boiler grates, and comprise a fixed grate, a conical disc type rotary grate, a movable reciprocating grate or a rotary chain grate;
the secondary combustion chamber belongs to a cuboid or cylindrical metal shell, a refractory material is arranged in the inner layer of the shell for heat accumulation and heat preservation, 1 or more layers of wind-resistant refractory heat accumulation partition plates (37) are arranged in the shell, and an air inlet II (35), a smoke inlet III (33), a smoke outlet III (39) and a thermometer II (50) are arranged on the shell, so that the secondary combustion chamber belongs to a secondary combustion chamber arranged behind an industrial garbage incinerator;
The flue gas purifying device belongs to the flue gas purifying equipment of industrial garbage incineration,
The waste heat recovery equipment comprises a waste heat boiler, a shell-and-tube heat exchanger or a tube heat exchanger, and converts the heat of high-temperature flue gas into hot water, steam or hot air;
The smoke outlet I (4) of the negative pressure incinerator is communicated with the inlet of the induced draft fan I (12) through the smoke exhaust pipe I (10), the outlet of the induced draft fan I (12) is communicated with the smoke inlet I (13) of the positive pressure incinerator through the smoke exhaust pipe II (52), the outlet of the air blower II (49) is communicated with the air inlet III (14) of the positive pressure incinerator through the air flow regulating valve II (51), and the smoke outlet II (20) of the positive pressure incinerator is communicated with the smoke inlet III (33) of the secondary combustion chamber (38) through the flue pipe (32); the outlet of the first air blower (36) is connected and communicated with the air inlet II (35) of the secondary combustion chamber (38) through the air flow regulating valve III (23), the flue gas outlet III (39) of the secondary combustion chamber (38) is connected and communicated with the flue gas inlet V (46) of the waste heat recovery device (40) through a pipeline, the flue gas outlet IV (47) of the waste heat recovery device (40) is connected and communicated with the flue gas inlet IV (42) of the flue gas purification device (43) through a pipeline, the flue gas outlet V (48) of the flue gas purification device (43) is connected and communicated with the inlet of the induced draft fan II (41) through a pipeline, and the outlet of the induced draft fan II (41) is connected and communicated with the inlet of the chimney (44) through a pipeline.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202321687709.4U CN220981344U (en) | 2023-06-30 | 2023-06-30 | Dry and wet garbage combined incineration device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202321687709.4U CN220981344U (en) | 2023-06-30 | 2023-06-30 | Dry and wet garbage combined incineration device |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN220981344U true CN220981344U (en) | 2024-05-17 |
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ID=91038322
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202321687709.4U Active CN220981344U (en) | 2023-06-30 | 2023-06-30 | Dry and wet garbage combined incineration device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN220981344U (en) |
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2023
- 2023-06-30 CN CN202321687709.4U patent/CN220981344U/en active Active
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