CN208073503U - Boot last pedestal combed tunnel bottom liner structure and its drainage system - Google Patents

Abstract

Boot last pedestal combed tunnel bottom liner structure and its drainage system, to reduce or even eliminate effect of the underground water to tunnel-liner bottom structure, effectively solve the problems, such as karst or the regional tunnel inverted arch floating deformation of underground water development or tunnel bottom structure cracking destruction, it is ensured that the stabilization and safety of constructing tunnel and operation.The pedestal consolidated with it is arranged in arch wall secondary liner structure both sides abutment wall bottom, and as the bearing structure of arch wall secondary liner structure, interior longitudinally through boots internal cavity is as tunnel longitudinal drainage channel.The combed tunnel bottom construct that both lateral sides form Weak link therewith is set between the boot last pedestal of both sides, shop fixtures layer is set in the construct of combed tunnel bottom, and the lower part of the combed tunnel bottom construct has laterally spaced and longitudinally through lower cavity as tunnel bottom underground water longitudinal drainage channel.Arch wall range drainage system is connected with boots internal cavity, and tunnel bottom drainage system is connected with lower cavity, and railway roadbed ponding excretory system is connected with boots internal cavity and lower cavity.

Description

Boot last pedestal combed tunnel bottom liner structure and its drainage system

Technical field

The utility model is related to tunnel-liners and drainage system to construct, more particularly to one kind applying to underground water developmentally The tunnel-liner and its waterproof and water drainage system construction of section, underground water by the irregular location of seasonal effect or karst area.

Background technology

Come into 21st century, railway construction in China high speed development, the above high standard double track railways of speed per hour 200km are built It is more and more.Especially in Southwest Mountainous Areas, on the one hand, since lime rock stratum is widely distributed；On the other hand, to high-speed railway, line By sweep, many factors such as big, topographic and geologic complicated condition are restricted road show line, lead to Karst Tunnel scale (quantity and length Degree) it increases sharply.Since karst and karst water development have the characteristics that complexity, diversity and irregularities, karst tunnel of growing up It is higher and higher that risk especially operations risks are built in road.

In recent years, suitable ten thousand, had occurred during Shanghai elder brother, the expensive Railway Tunnels operation such as wide several ballastless track beds deformations, The water damages event such as inverted arch and filling protuberance, causes Railway Design, construction, construction and the great attention for runing each side.Through investigating, Both wired water damage was broadly divided into two classes：

(1) inverted arch filling, which is floated, deforms.The construction joint that the construction in layer of its performance predominantly tunnel bottom structure is brought is in hydraulic pressure Deformation, expansion under effect.

1. code requirement inverted arch should be separated with inverted arch filling and be poured.This engineering method forms construction joint between inverted arch and filling, But underground water penetrates into inverted arch by inverted arch circular construction joint and fills bottom, and about 3~4m heads can cause filling to be floated.

2. in practice of construction, to prevent railway roadbed construction surface from being destroyed by Construction traffic, inverted arch filling often uses placement layer by layer Mode, inverted arch filling surface layer (or regulating course) thickness about 0.2~0.4m of placing before railway roadbed construction, it is only necessary to 0.5~1m High head can cause to fill surface layer floating, and then railway roadbed is caused to deform.

3. ballastless track bed is to road bed board and inverted arch fill surface using the connectionless way of contact, there are construction interfaces, right It is more notable in the sensibility of tunnel bottom infiltration, often also there is " gap " lifting phenomenon and wear phenomenon, under the action of water, disease Evil feature is particularly evident.It is very poor to foundation deformation with the huge stiffness difference of tunnel structure, deformation and track structure Adaptability be further exacerbated by tunnel bottom water evil to the adverse effect and difficulty of governance of operation security.

(2) liner structure is mainly inverted arch strain cracking.

1. limited by vertical, the circumferential blind pipe and abutment wall drain hole drainability that are arranged in tunnel, after work drainage system by Physical (silt, fine grained deposition are silted up), chemical type block (soluble matter is precipitated, concrete and slurry reaction residue condense) Etc. reasons will all cause impeded drainage, hydraulic pressure change dramatically to lead to liner structure cracking failure.

2. the structures such as abutment wall longitudinal direction construction joint, circular construction joint, inverted arch bottom and waterproof weak link recurring structure deformation, Cracking and waterproof failure；Spraying water, gushing silt etc. occur in local location.

3. level of ground water seasonal fluctuations cause lining cutting to bear " dynamic load " influence.In continuous rainfall or Severe rainstorm weather Under the conditions of, level of ground water increases suddenly, and lining cutting bears higher hydraulic pressure.

The tunnel designed at present is largely to have inverted arch lining cutting.By taking one-tunnel two-tracks tunnel as an example, drainage system is with " tunnel Draining in vivo " is Main Patterns, and underground water discharge path is：Country rock → preliminary bracing → draining blind pipe → lateral sulcus → transverse drainage Pipe → Central drain, the i.e. water on tunnel structure periphery are permeated by preliminary bracing enters tunnel structure sheet via draining blind pipe ejectment Central drain within body, it is final to be discharged outside hole.

Drainage system in tunnel body main drawback is that：

1. thering is the pressure release point of pressure underground water to be respectively positioned on to be arranged inside lining cutting agent structure, lining cutting agent structure is caused to bear Hydrostatic pressing or hydrodynamic range are larger.

2. Central drain (or lateral sulcus) is set within tunnel structure, the periphery underground water of main ejectment arch wall range, tunnel Inverted arch ponding below can not effective ejectment, once under continuous rainfall or rainstorm weather, under Local topography inverted arch crevice water or Pipeline water because can not in time ejectment cause hydraulic pressure drastically to increase.Under the effect of high hydraulic pressure, cause tunnel bottom inverted arch cracking failure.

3. tunnel is in underground water seasonal fluctuation zone etc. and the close region of extraneous hydraulic connection, in continuous rainfall or heavy rain It under weather, because of groundwater run off abruptly increase, is limited by abutment wall sluicing pore size and spacing, it is difficult in time by its ejectment to tunnel structure body In interior gutter, drastically increased so as to cause level of ground water.Under the effect of high hydraulic pressure, Lining cracks is caused to destroy.

4. being needed by ballast bed structure, hole auxiliary structures and tunnel cross-section engineering economy being restricted, consider that construction is difficult The cross-section of river degree of freedom of easy degree, hole medial sulcus or Central drain is little, and discharge capacity is limited, often causes water damage in hole.

5. since tunnel bottom is arc-shaped, excavate that control is more difficult, and it is big that tunnel bottom void slag cleans out difficulty completely, during operation Due to tunnel bottom underground water can not ejectment, Train induced load repeated action in addition easily causes tunnel bottom the disasters such as to rise soil.

Therefore, optimize liner structure and drainage system, ensure that draining is unobstructed, reduce or even eliminate tunnel bottom water pressure, become drop Low underground water development location, underground water are ensured operation peace by the irregular location of seasonal effect and karst area tunnel water damage risk It is complete there is an urgent need to.

Utility model content

The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a kind of boot last pedestal combed tunnel bottom liner structure and its rows Water system, by being transformed to conventional tunnel lining cutting tunnel bottom structure form, change tunnel bottom structure stress form and drainage system, To reduce or even eliminate effect of the underground water to tunnel-liner bottom structure, karst or the regional tunnel of underground water development are effectively solved The problem of deformation of inverted arch floating or tunnel bottom structure cracking destruction, it is ensured that the stabilization and safety of constructing tunnel and operation.

Technical solution is as follows used by the utility model solves its technical problem：

The boot last pedestal combed tunnel bottom liner structure and its drainage system of the utility model, including arch wall preliminary bracing knot Structure, arch wall secondary liner structure and arch wall range waterproof layer and drainage system, it is characterized in that：The arch wall secondary lining knot The pedestal consolidated with it is arranged in structure both sides abutment wall bottom, interior longitudinally through as the bearing structure of arch wall secondary liner structure Boots internal cavity as tunnel longitudinal drainage channel；The comb that both lateral sides form Weak link therewith is set between the boot last pedestal of both sides Type tunnel bottom construct, is arranged shop fixtures layer in the construct of combed tunnel bottom, and the lower part of the combed tunnel bottom construct has laterally spaced And longitudinally through lower cavity is as tunnel bottom underground water longitudinal drainage channel；The drainage system includes arch wall range draining system System, tunnel bottom drainage system and railway roadbed ponding excretory system, arch wall range drainage system are connected with boots internal cavity, tunnel bottom draining system System is connected with lower cavity, and railway roadbed ponding excretory system is connected with boots internal cavity and lower cavity.

The arch wall range drainage system includes circle draining blind pipe and abutment wall tapping pipe, and circle draining blind pipe is opened along tunnel Excavation is laid between non-woven geotextile and splash guard to interval and is introduced directly into boots internal cavity in abutment wall lower part；The abutment wall is let out Water pipe is laid in along tunnel excavation direction interval in pedestal and stretches into country rock certain length, with drainage abutment wall range underground water and lets out Pressure.

Tunnel bottom drainage system is included in the vertical tapping pipe in tunnel bottom of longitudinally spaced setting in each lower cavity, each vertical Tunnel base rock certain length is stretched into tapping pipe lower end, has pressure underground water and pressure release to drain tunnel bottom range, port is away from setting thereon In pedestal and combed tunnel bottom construct screed-coat top surface certain distance below, to prevent tunnel bottom perennial draingage vertical to tunnel bottom is poured into In tapping pipe.

The railway roadbed ponding excretory system includes setting railway roadbed lateral sulcus, railway roadbed central trench, side drain hole and central drain hole, road Bed lateral sulcus and railway roadbed central trench are respectively arranged in shop fixtures layer both sides and center, to collect railway roadbed ponding；The side drain hole is along tunnel Road excavates direction interval and is laid in pedestal, and charge for remittance in railway roadbed lateral sulcus is led in boot-shaped cavity；The center drain hole is along tunnel Road excavates direction interval and is laid in shop fixtures layer center and vertically passes through combed tunnel bottom construct, under railway roadbed central trench charge for remittance is introduced In portion's cavity.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are mainly reflected in following aspects：

1, tunnel bottom is excavated into plane, is excavated operation and is more convenient, overcomes traditional lining types inverted arch foundation excavation curvature not The problems such as easy to control.It is compared to the liner structure that traditional tunnel bottom is inverted arch form, construction material is saved, effectively reduces engineering and build If investment；

2, tunnel bottom is combed tunnel bottom construct, and the vertical tapping pipe in tunnel bottom is arranged in the cavity of its underpart, can effectively drain tunnel Bottom range underground water and pressure release effectively prevent traditional bent wall band inverted arch lining cutting and are faced upward since underground water is entered by inverted arch construction joint It is squeezed between arch and inverted arch blind and destroys obturator, track structure is caused to destroy；

3, bearing structure of the setting pedestal in tunnel bottom both sides as arch wall secondary lining, increases substrate forced area, improves Section bending stiffness, weak surrounding rock location is locally lain in for tunnel side wall bottom, can effectively control the sedimentation of arch wall supporting construction Deformation；

4, pedestal section uses boot last structure, can save bricklaying, boots internal cavity may replace tradition as longitudinal drainage channel Underground water develops the drain cavern of Tunnel Engineering setting, and it is more than 10,000,000 that average every kilometer of Tunnel Engineering, which can save project cost, warp Benefit of helping is very notable；

5, the drainage system of the utility model setting can compared to traditional double -coil output liner structure drainage system By property higher, drainability is stronger.Both sides longitudinal drainage channel be respectively positioned on tunnel bottom absolute altitude hereinafter, can effectively drainage arch wall range and Tunnel bottom underground water avoids traditional liner structure because ground water discharge is unsmooth or heavy rain season groundwater run off abruptly increase leads to inverted arch backsight Structure crack is built to destroy.

The utility model changes tunnel bottom structure stress form by being transformed to conventional tunnel lining cutting tunnel bottom structure form And drainage system, effect of the underground water to tunnel-liner bottom structure is reduced or even eliminated, karst or underground water hair are effectively solved Educate regional tunnel inverted arch float deformation or tunnel bottom structure cracking destruction the problem of, so that it is guaranteed that the stabilization of constructing tunnel and operation and Safety.

Description of the drawings

This specification includes following five width attached drawing：

Fig. 1 is the cross-section diagram of the utility model boot last pedestal combed tunnel bottom liner structure and its drainage system；

Fig. 2 is the enlarged drawing of the parts A in Fig. 1；

Fig. 3 is the sectional view of the I-I lines along Fig. 1；

Fig. 4 is along Fig. 1 II-II sectional view；

Fig. 5 is the sectional view of III-III line along Fig. 3.

Component, toponym and corresponding label are shown in figure：Boots internal cavity B, lower cavity C, arch wall preliminary bracing knot Structure 10, arch wall shotcrete layer 10a, arch wall steelframe 10b, arch wall system anchor bolt 10c, screed-coat 11, arch wall range waterproof layer 20, geotextiles 20a, splash guard 20b, circle draining blind pipe 31a, abutment wall tapping pipe 31b, the vertical tapping pipe 32 in tunnel bottom, railway roadbed side Ditch 33a, side drain hole 33b, railway roadbed central trench 33c, central drain hole 33d, arch wall secondary liner structure 40, combed tunnel bottom are constructed Body 41, pedestal 42, support plate 43, shop fixtures layer 44, cover board 51, lower cover 52.

Specific implementation mode

The utility model is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

Referring to Fig.1 and Fig. 5, the boot last pedestal combed tunnel bottom liner structure and its drainage system of the utility model, including arch Wall preliminary bracing structure 10, arch wall secondary liner structure 40 and arch wall range waterproof layer 20 and drainage system.The arch wall two The pedestal 42 consolidated with it, the carrying knot as arch wall secondary liner structure 40 is arranged in 40 both sides abutment wall bottom of secondary liner structure Structure, interior longitudinally through boots internal cavity B is as tunnel longitudinal drainage channel.Using both sides pedestal 42 as arch wall secondary lining 40 bearing structure had not only improved section bending stiffness, but also considerably increased substrate forced area, for tunnel side wall bottom part There are weak surrounding rock locations can effectively control arch wall supporting construction sedimentation and deformation.Both lateral sides are set between both sides boot last pedestal 42 The combed tunnel bottom construct 41 of Weak link is formed therewith, and shop fixtures layer 44, the combed tunnel bottom structure are set in combed tunnel bottom construct 41 The lower part of building body 41 has laterally spaced and longitudinally through lower cavity C as tunnel bottom underground water longitudinal drainage channel.Profit The lower cavity of the boots internal cavity B and combed tunnel bottom construct 41 that use pedestal 42 are as longitudinal drainage channel, to replace tradition Underground water develops drain cavern in Tunnel Engineering design, and it is more than 10,000,000 that average every kilometer of Tunnel Engineering, which can save project cost, warp Benefit of helping is very notable.Tunnel bottom uses comb-type structure, excavates operation and is more convenient, overcomes traditional lining types inverted arch foundation excavation Curvature is difficult to control the problems such as leading, and is compared to the liner structure that traditional tunnel bottom is inverted arch form, saves construction material, effectively subtract Few engineering construction investment.

Referring to Fig.1 and Fig. 5, the drainage system include arch wall range drainage system, tunnel bottom drainage system and railway roadbed ponding Excretory system, arch wall range drainage system are connected with boots internal cavity B, and tunnel bottom drainage system is connected with lower cavity C, railway roadbed Ponding excretory system is connected with boots internal cavity B and lower cavity C.It is drained compared to traditional double -coil output liner structure and is System, reliability higher, drainability are stronger.Both sides longitudinal drainage channel is respectively positioned on tunnel bottom absolute altitude hereinafter, can effective drainage arch wall Range and tunnel bottom underground water avoid traditional liner structure because ground water discharge is unsmooth or heavy rain season groundwater run off abruptly increase causes to face upward Lining cutting structure crack destroys after arch.

Referring to figs. 1 to Fig. 4, the arch wall range drainage system includes circle draining blind pipe 31a and abutment wall tapping pipe 31b, Circle draining blind pipe 31a is laid in along tunnel excavation direction interval between non-woven geotextile 20a and splash guard 20b and under abutment wall Portion is introduced directly into boots internal cavity B.The abutment wall tapping pipe 31b is laid in pedestal 42 and stretches into along tunnel excavation direction interval Country rock certain length, with drainage abutment wall range underground water and pressure release.

Referring to figs. 1 to Fig. 4, the tunnel bottom that tunnel bottom drainage system is included in longitudinally spaced setting in each lower cavity C is perpendicular To tapping pipe 32, tunnel base rock certain length is stretched into each vertical 32 lower end of tapping pipe in tunnel bottom, has pressure underground to drain tunnel bottom range Water and pressure release, port is away from being set to 41 11 top surface certain distance of screed-coat below of pedestal 42 and combed tunnel bottom construct thereon, To prevent tunnel bottom perennial draingage to pouring into the vertical tapping pipe in tunnel bottom 32.Vertical tapping pipe 32 can effectively drain tunnel bottom range underground water And pressure release, it effectively prevents traditional bent wall band inverted arch lining cutting and is filled with inverted arch since underground water enters inverted arch by inverted arch construction joint It is squeezed between gap and destroys obturator, track structure is caused to destroy.

Referring to figs. 1 to Fig. 4, the railway roadbed ponding excretory system include set railway roadbed lateral sulcus 33a, railway roadbed central trench 33c, side are let out Water hole 33b and center drain hole 33d, railway roadbed lateral sulcus 33a and railway roadbed central trench 33c be respectively arranged in 44 both sides of shop fixtures layer and in Centre, to collect railway roadbed ponding.The side drain hole 33b is laid in along tunnel excavation direction interval in pedestal 42, by railway roadbed lateral sulcus Charge for remittance is led in boot-shaped cavity B in 33a.The center drain hole 33d is laid in along tunnel excavation direction interval in shop fixtures layer 44 The heart simultaneously vertically passes through combed tunnel bottom construct 41, and railway roadbed central trench 33c charges for remittance are introduced into lower cavity C.

Referring to Fig.1 and support plate 43, the level as 42 liang of coxostermums of pedestal is arranged in Fig. 5, the tops boots internal cavity B Support construction.43 upper edge tunnel excavation direction interval of the support plate, which is laid, checks well head, under the inspection well head top setting Cover board 52.The cable trough of electric power, communication and signal cable is placed in the setting of 43 upper lateral interval of the support plate, on each cable trough The wheel platform that cover board makees Fire prevention in tunnel is set.

Referring to Figures 1 and 2, the arch wall range waterproof layer 20 is located at arch wall preliminary bracing structure 10 and the secondary lining of arch wall Between building structure 40, include the splash guard 20b of the geotextiles 20a of internal layer and outer layer.The arch wall preliminary bracing structure 10 includes Cover the arch wall shotcrete layer 10a of the arch wall country rock and arch wall system anchor bolt 10c along arch wall quincuncial arrangement.The arch Arch wall steelframe 10b is laid along tunnel excavation direction interval in wall shotcrete layer 10a, is added in arch wall shotcrete layer 10a If bar-mat reinforcement.

The above is explain through diagrams the utility model boot last pedestal combed tunnel bottom liner structure and its drainage system Some principles, be not intended to by the utility model be confined to shown in and the concrete structure and the scope of application in, therefore it is every It is possible that the corresponding modification being utilized and equivalent, belong to the apllied the scope of the claims of the utility model.

Claims (7)

1. boot last pedestal combed tunnel bottom liner structure and its drainage system, including arch wall preliminary bracing structure (10), arch wall are secondary Liner structure (40) and arch wall range waterproof layer (20) and drainage system, it is characterized in that：The arch wall secondary liner structure (40) pedestal (42) that is consolidated with it is arranged in abutment wall bottom in both sides, as the bearing structure of arch wall secondary liner structure (40), Interior longitudinally through boots internal cavity (B) is used as tunnel longitudinal drainage channel；Both lateral sides are set between both sides boot last pedestal (42) The combed tunnel bottom construct (41) of Weak link is formed therewith, and shop fixtures layer (44), the combed are set in combed tunnel bottom construct (41) There is laterally spaced and longitudinally through lower cavity (C) longitudinally to be arranged as tunnel bottom underground water for the lower part of tunnel bottom construct (41) Aquaporin；The drainage system includes arch wall range drainage system, tunnel bottom drainage system and railway roadbed ponding excretory system, arch wall model It encloses drainage system with boots internal cavity (B) to be connected, tunnel bottom drainage system is connected with lower cavity (C), railway roadbed ponding excretion system System is connected with boots internal cavity (B) and lower cavity (C).

2. boot last pedestal combed tunnel bottom liner structure as described in claim 1 and its drainage system, it is characterized in that：The arch wall Range drainage system includes circle draining blind pipe (31a) and abutment wall tapping pipe (31b), and circle draining blind pipe (31a) is opened along tunnel Excavation is laid between non-woven geotextile (20a) and splash guard (20b) to interval and is introduced directly into boots internal cavity (B) in abutment wall lower part In；The abutment wall tapping pipe (31b) is laid in pedestal (42) along tunnel excavation direction interval and stretches into country rock certain length, with Drainage abutment wall range underground water and pressure release.

3. boot last pedestal combed tunnel bottom liner structure as described in claim 1 and its drainage system, it is characterized in that：The tunnel bottom Drainage system is included in the vertical tapping pipe in tunnel bottom (32) of longitudinally spaced setting in each lower cavity (C), and each tunnel bottom vertically sluices Tunnel base rock certain length is stretched into pipe (32) lower end, has pressure underground water and pressure release to drain tunnel bottom range, port is away from setting thereon In pedestal (42) and combed tunnel bottom construct (41) screed-coat below (11) top surface certain distance, to prevent tunnel bottom perennial draingage from arriving It pours into the vertical tapping pipe in tunnel bottom (32).

4. boot last pedestal combed tunnel bottom liner structure as described in claim 1 and its drainage system, it is characterized in that：The railway roadbed Ponding excretory system includes setting railway roadbed lateral sulcus (33a), railway roadbed central trench (33c), side drain hole (33b) and central drain hole (33d), railway roadbed lateral sulcus (33a) and railway roadbed central trench (33c) are respectively arranged in shop fixtures layer (44) both sides and center, to collect railway roadbed Ponding；The side drain hole (33b) is laid in along tunnel excavation direction interval in pedestal (42), will be converged in railway roadbed lateral sulcus (33a) Water is led in boot-shaped cavity (B)；The center drain hole (33d) is laid in shop fixtures layer (44) center along tunnel excavation direction interval And combed tunnel bottom construct (41) is vertically passed through, railway roadbed central trench (33c) charge for remittance is introduced into lower cavity (C).

5. boot last pedestal combed tunnel bottom liner structure as described in claim 1 and its drainage system, it is characterized in that：In the boots Support plate (43), the horizontal support structure as (42) two coxostermum of pedestal is arranged in the top cavity (B)；On the support plate (43) It is laid along tunnel excavation direction interval and checks well head, the inspection well head top setting lower cover (52)；The support plate (43) The cable trough of electric power, communication and signal cable is placed in the setting of upper lateral interval, and setting cover board is made to prevent in tunnel on each cable trough The wheel platform of calamity rescue.

6. boot last pedestal combed tunnel bottom liner structure as described in claim 1 and its drainage system, it is characterized in that：The arch wall Range waterproof layer (20) is located between arch wall preliminary bracing structure (10) and arch wall secondary liner structure (40), includes the soil of internal layer The splash guard (20b) of work cloth (20a) and outer layer.

7. boot last pedestal combed tunnel bottom liner structure as described in claim 1 and its drainage system, it is characterized in that：The arch wall Preliminary bracing structure (10) includes the arch wall shotcrete layer (10a) for covering arch wall country rock and the arch along arch wall quincuncial arrangement Wall system anchor pole (10c)；In the arch wall shotcrete layer (10a) arch wall steelframe is laid along tunnel excavation direction interval (10b), arch wall shotcrete layer (10a) is interior to add bar-mat reinforcement.