CN208073480U - Arcuately tunnel bottom liner structure and its drainage system - Google Patents

Abstract

Arcuately tunnel bottom liner structure and its drainage system, eliminate effect of the underground water to tunnel-liner bottom structure, effectively solve the problems, such as underground water development location, underground water by the irregular location of seasonal effect and the deformation of karst area tunnel inverted arch floating or tunnel bottom structure cracking destruction, it is ensured that the stabilization and safety of constructing tunnel and operation.Arcuately construct is arranged in arch wall secondary liner structure bottom, and arcuately construct transverse ends top is connect with two side bottom of arch wall secondary liner structure for this, the bearing structure on carrying basis and top railway roadbed and train load as arch wall secondary liner structure.The arcuately longitudinally through arched hollow space of shape one between the lower part of construct and tunnel bottom excavation face, as tunnel longitudinal drainage channel.Drainage system includes arch wall range drainage system and tunnel bottom drainage system, and arch wall range drainage system, tunnel bottom drainage system are connected with arched hollow space.

Description

Arcuately tunnel bottom liner structure and its drainage system

Technical field

The utility model is related to tunnel-liners and drainage system to construct, more particularly to one kind applying to underground water development location Or tunnel-liner and its waterproof and water drainage system construction of the underground water by the irregular location of seasonal effect or karst area.

Background technology

Come into 21st century, railway construction in China high speed development, the above high standard double track railways of speed per hour 200km are built It is more and more.Especially in Southwest Mountainous Areas, on the one hand, since lime rock stratum is widely distributed；On the other hand, to high-speed railway, line By sweep, many factors such as big, topographic and geologic complicated condition are restricted road show line, lead to Karst Tunnel scale (quantity and length Degree) it increases sharply.Since karst and karst water development have the characteristics that complexity, diversity and irregularities, karst tunnel of growing up It is higher and higher that risk especially operations risks are built in road.

In recent years, suitable ten thousand, had occurred during Shanghai elder brother, the expensive Railway Tunnels operation such as wide several ballastless track beds deformations, The water damages event such as inverted arch and filling protuberance, causes Railway Design, construction, construction and the great attention for runing each side.Through investigating, Both wired water damage was broadly divided into two classes：

(1) inverted arch filling, which is floated, deforms.The construction joint that the construction in layer of its performance predominantly tunnel bottom structure is brought is in hydraulic pressure Deformation, expansion under effect.

1. code requirement inverted arch should be separated with inverted arch filling and be poured.This engineering method forms construction joint between inverted arch and filling, But underground water penetrates into inverted arch by inverted arch circular construction joint and fills bottom, and about 3~4m heads can cause filling to be floated.

2. in practice of construction, to prevent railway roadbed construction surface from being destroyed by Construction traffic, inverted arch filling often uses placement layer by layer Mode, inverted arch filling surface layer (or regulating course) thickness about 0.2~0.4m of placing before railway roadbed construction, it is only necessary to 0.5~1m High head can cause to fill surface layer floating, and then railway roadbed is caused to deform.

3. ballastless track bed is to road bed board and inverted arch fill surface using the connectionless way of contact, there are construction interfaces, right It is more notable in the sensibility of tunnel bottom infiltration, often also there is " gap " lifting phenomenon and wear phenomenon, under the action of water, disease Evil feature is particularly evident.It is very poor to foundation deformation with the huge stiffness difference of tunnel structure, deformation and track structure Adaptability be further exacerbated by tunnel bottom water evil to the adverse effect and difficulty of governance of operation security.

(2) liner structure is mainly inverted arch strain cracking.

1. limited by vertical, the circumferential blind pipe and abutment wall drain hole drainability that are arranged in tunnel, after work drainage system by Physical (silt, fine grained deposition are silted up), chemical type block (soluble matter is precipitated, concrete and slurry reaction residue condense) Etc. reasons will all cause impeded drainage, hydraulic pressure change dramatically to lead to liner structure cracking failure.

2. the structures such as abutment wall longitudinal direction construction joint, circular construction joint, inverted arch bottom and waterproof weak link recurring structure deformation, Cracking and waterproof failure；Spraying water, gushing silt etc. occur in local location.

3. level of ground water seasonal fluctuations cause lining cutting to bear " dynamic load " influence.In continuous rainfall or Severe rainstorm weather Under the conditions of, level of ground water increases suddenly, and lining cutting bears higher hydraulic pressure.

The tunnel designed at present is largely to have inverted arch lining cutting.By taking one-tunnel two-tracks tunnel as an example, drainage system is with " tunnel Draining in vivo " is Main Patterns, and underground water discharge path is：Country rock → preliminary bracing → draining blind pipe → lateral sulcus → transverse drainage Pipe → Central drain, the i.e. water on tunnel structure periphery are permeated by preliminary bracing enters tunnel structure sheet via draining blind pipe ejectment Central drain within body, it is final to be discharged outside hole.

Drainage system in tunnel body main drawback is that：

1. thering is the pressure release point of pressure underground water to be respectively positioned on to be arranged inside lining cutting agent structure, lining cutting agent structure is caused to bear Hydrostatic pressing or hydrodynamic range are larger.

2. Central drain (or lateral sulcus) is set within tunnel structure, the periphery underground water of main ejectment arch wall range, tunnel Inverted arch ponding below can not effective ejectment, once under continuous rainfall or rainstorm weather, under Local topography inverted arch crevice water or Pipeline water because can not in time ejectment cause hydraulic pressure drastically to increase.Under the effect of high hydraulic pressure, cause tunnel bottom inverted arch cracking failure.

3. tunnel is in underground water seasonal fluctuation zone etc. and the close region of extraneous hydraulic connection, in continuous rainfall or heavy rain It under weather, because of groundwater run off abruptly increase, is limited by abutment wall sluicing pore size and spacing, it is difficult in time by its ejectment to tunnel structure body In interior gutter, drastically increased so as to cause level of ground water.Under the effect of high hydraulic pressure, Lining cracks is caused to destroy.

4. being needed by ballast bed structure, hole auxiliary structures and tunnel cross-section engineering economy being restricted, consider that construction is difficult The cross-section of river degree of freedom of easy degree, hole medial sulcus or Central drain is little, and discharge capacity is limited, often causes water damage in hole.

5. since tunnel bottom is arc-shaped, excavate that control is more difficult, and it is big that tunnel bottom void slag cleans out difficulty completely, during operation Due to tunnel bottom underground water can not ejectment, Train induced load repeated action in addition easily causes tunnel bottom the disasters such as to rise soil.

Therefore, optimize liner structure and drainage system, ensure that draining is unobstructed, reduce or even eliminate tunnel bottom water pressure, become drop Low underground water development location, underground water are ensured operation peace by the irregular location of seasonal effect and karst area tunnel water damage risk It is complete there is an urgent need to.

Utility model content

The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a kind of arcuately tunnel bottom liner structure and its drainage system, By being transformed to conventional tunnel lining cutting tunnel bottom structure form, changes tunnel bottom structure stress form and drainage system, eliminate ground Effect of the lower water to tunnel-liner bottom structure, effectively solve underground water development location, underground water by seasonal effect erratically The problem of section and deformation of karst area tunnel inverted arch floating or tunnel bottom structure cracking destruction, it is ensured that the stabilization of constructing tunnel and operation And safety.

Technical solution is as follows used by the utility model solves its technical problem：

The arcuately tunnel bottom liner structure and its drainage system of the utility model, including arch wall preliminary bracing structure, arch wall two Secondary liner structure and arch wall range waterproof layer and drainage system, it is characterized in that：Arch wall secondary liner structure bottom is arranged Arcuately construct, arcuately construct transverse ends top is connect with two side bottom of arch wall secondary liner structure for this, as arch wall two The bearing structure on the carrying basis and top railway roadbed and train load of secondary liner structure；The lower part of the arcuately construct and tunnel bottom The longitudinally through arched hollow space of shape one between excavation face, as tunnel longitudinal drainage channel；The drainage system includes arch wall range Drainage system and tunnel bottom drainage system, arch wall range drainage system, tunnel bottom drainage system are connected with arched hollow space.

The arch wall range drainage system includes circle draining blind pipe and abutment wall tapping pipe, and circle draining blind pipe is opened along tunnel Excavation is laid between non-woven geotextile and splash guard to interval and is introduced directly into arched hollow space in abutment wall lower part；The abutment wall is let out Water pipe is laid along tunnel excavation direction interval, and country rock certain length is stretched into one end, and the other end is introduced into arched hollow space, with drainage side Wall range underground water and pressure release.

Tunnel bottom drainage system is included in the arched hollow space longitudinally, laterally spaced vertical tapping pipe in tunnel bottom, each tunnel The screed-coat that the lower end of the vertical tapping pipe in bottom is disposed through arcuately construct bottom surface stretches into certain depth in tunnel base rock, with row Letting out tunnel bottom range has pressure underground water and pressure release；The upper port of each vertical tapping pipe in tunnel bottom away from screed-coat top surface certain distance, to prevent Only tunnel bottom perennial draingage pours in down a chimney in the vertical tapping pipe in tunnel bottom in arched hollow space.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are mainly reflected in following aspects：

1, tunnel bottom is excavated into plane, is overcome the problems such as traditional lining types inverted arch foundation excavation curvature is not easy to control, is opened It is more convenient to dig operation.It is compared to the liner structure that traditional tunnel bottom is inverted arch form, construction material is saved, effectively reduces engineering and build If investment；

2, arcuately construct is arranged in tunnel bottom, is not required to apply Concrete Filled body thereon, effectively prevents traditional bent wall band and faces upward Arch lining is built destroys obturator since underground water enters to squeeze between inverted arch and inverted arch blind by inverted arch construction joint, leads to track Structure is destroyed；

3, tunnel bottom is using arcuately construct as the bearing structure of arch wall secondary lining and ballast bed structure, whole bending stiffness pole Greatly, arch wall supporting construction sedimentation and deformation can effectively be controlled by locally lying in weak surrounding rock location for tunnel side wall bottom, to karst region Area tunnel can effectively cross over the Karst Features (molten chamber, filling solution cavity, corroded breaking zone etc.) of certain size range；

4, arch wall secondary liner structure and tunnel bottom arch-type structure use the utility model connection type, in country rock load, road It under bed structure and train load collective effect, can effectively increase tunnel bottom arch-type structure axle power, reduce eccentricity, improve its stress Can, increase its bearing capacity；

5, tunnel bottom can effectively save bricklaying using arch-type structure, can be logical using lower space as tunnel longitudinal drainage Road, may replace the drain cavern of traditional underground water development Tunnel Engineering setting, and average every kilometer of Tunnel Engineering can save project cost More than 10,000,000；

6, using tunnel bottom arcuately construct arched hollow space can effectively ejectment arch wall and tunnel bottom range underground water, utilize simultaneously The vertical tapping pipe of both sides abutment wall tapping pipe and tunnel bottom carries out pressure release in advance, avoid traditional liner structure because ground water discharge is unsmooth or Lining cutting structure crack destroys after heavy rain season groundwater run off abruptly increase leads to inverted arch, and drainage system reliability higher, drainability is more By force.

The utility model changes tunnel bottom structure stress form by being transformed to conventional tunnel lining cutting tunnel bottom structure form And drainage system, eliminate effect of the underground water to tunnel-liner bottom structure, effectively solve underground water development location, underground water by The problem of irregular location of seasonal effect and deformation of karst area tunnel inverted arch floating or tunnel bottom structure cracking destruction, it is ensured that tunnel The stabilization and safety of construction and operation.

Description of the drawings

This specification includes following four width attached drawing：

Fig. 1 is the utility model arcuately schematic diagram of tunnel bottom liner structure and its drainage system；

Fig. 2 is the enlarged drawing of the parts A in Fig. 1；

Fig. 3 is that I-I lines cut open figure along Fig. 1；

Fig. 4 is the utility model arcuately tunnel bottom liner structure and its schematic diagram of drainage system embodiment 2.

Component, toponym and corresponding label are shown in figure：Arch wall preliminary bracing structure 10, arch wall shotcrete layer 10a, arch wall steelframe 10b, arch wall system anchor bolt 10c, screed-coat 11, arch wall range waterproof layer 20, geotextiles 20a, splash guard 20b, circle draining blind pipe 31a, abutment wall tapping pipe 31b, the vertical tapping pipe 32 in tunnel bottom, arch wall secondary liner structure 40, arcuately structure Building body 41, arched hollow space C.

Specific implementation mode

The utility model is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 3, the arcuately tunnel bottom liner structure and its drainage system of the utility model, including arch wall initial stage branch Protection structure 10, arch wall secondary liner structure 40 and arch wall range waterproof layer 20 and drainage system 30.The arch wall secondary lining 40 bottom of structure setting arcuately construct 41, arcuately 41 transverse ends top of construct and 40 both sides of arch wall secondary liner structure Bottom connects, the bearing structure on carrying basis and top railway roadbed and train load as arch wall secondary liner structure 40, greatly Tunnel bottom structure entirety bending stiffness is improved, arch wall branch can effectively be controlled by locally lying in weak surrounding rock location for tunnel side wall bottom Protection structure sedimentation and deformation, to karst area tunnel can effectively cross over certain size range Karst Features (molten chamber, filling solution cavity, Corroded breaking zone etc.).Arcuately construct 41 uses the utility model connection type to arch wall secondary liner structure 40 with tunnel bottom, It under country rock load, ballast bed structure and train load collective effect, can effectively increase arch-type structure axle power, reduce eccentricity, improve Its stress performance increases its bearing capacity.It is not required to apply Concrete Filled body on tunnel bottom, effectively prevents traditional bent wall band inverted arch Lining cutting destroys obturator since underground water enters to squeeze between inverted arch and inverted arch blind by inverted arch construction joint, leads to track knot Structure destroys.Tunnel bottom is excavated into plane, is overcome traditional lining types inverted arch foundation excavation curvature and is difficult to control the problems such as leading, excavates Operation is more convenient, and can reduce tunnel excavation amount, saves construction material, effectively reduces engineering construction investment.

Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 3, the arch that shape one is longitudinally through between the lower part of the arcuately construct 41 and tunnel bottom excavation face is empty Chamber C may replace drain cavern in traditional underground water development Tunnel Engineering design as tunnel longitudinal drainage channel, every kilometer average It is more than 10,000,000 that Tunnel Engineering, which can save project cost,.The drainage system includes arch wall range drainage system and tunnel bottom draining system System, arch wall range drainage system, tunnel bottom drainage system are connected with arched hollow space C.It can effective ejectment arch wall by arched hollow space C And tunnel bottom range underground water, while pressure release in advance is carried out using the vertical tapping pipe of both sides abutment wall tapping pipe 31b and tunnel bottom 32, it keeps away Exempt from traditional liner structure because ground water discharge is unsmooth or heavy rain season groundwater run off abruptly increase causes lining cutting structure crack after inverted arch broken Bad, drainage system reliability higher, drainability is stronger.

Referring to figs. 1 to Fig. 3, the arch wall range drainage system includes circle draining blind pipe 31a and abutment wall tapping pipe 31b, Circle draining blind pipe 31a is laid in along tunnel excavation direction interval between non-woven geotextile 20a and splash guard 20b and under abutment wall Portion is introduced directly into arched hollow space C.The abutment wall tapping pipe 31b is laid along tunnel excavation direction interval, and country rock one is stretched into one end Measured length, the other end are introduced into arched hollow space C, with drainage abutment wall range underground water and pressure release.Tunnel bottom drainage system includes In arched hollow space C longitudinally, laterally vertical tapping pipes 32 in spaced tunnel bottom, the lower end of the vertical tapping pipe in each tunnel bottom 32, which passes through, to be set The screed-coat 11 for being placed in arcuately 41 bottom surface of construct stretches into certain depth in tunnel base rock, has pressure underground water to drain tunnel bottom range And pressure release.The upper port of the vertical tapping pipe in each tunnel bottom 32 is away from 11 top surface certain distance of screed-coat, to prevent tunnel bottom in arched hollow space C Perennial draingage pours in down a chimney in the vertical tapping pipe in tunnel bottom 32.

Referring to Figures 1 and 2, the arch wall range waterproof layer 20 is located at arch wall preliminary bracing structure 10 and the secondary lining of arch wall Between building structure 40, include the splash guard 20b of the geotextiles 20a of internal layer and outer layer.The arch wall preliminary bracing structure 10 includes Cover the arch wall shotcrete layer 10a of the arch wall country rock and arch wall system anchor bolt 10c along arch wall quincuncial arrangement, the arch Arch wall steelframe 10b is laid along tunnel excavation direction interval in wall shotcrete layer 10a, is added in arch wall shotcrete layer 10a If bar-mat reinforcement.

Referring to Fig.1, screed-coat 11 is arranged in 41 lower part tunnel bottom surface of the arcuately construct.It is embodiment with reference to shown in Fig. 4 The tunnel base rock of 2, the arched hollow space C are arc-shaped, to provide bigger as tunnel bottom under the premise of ensuring drainage channel size Deformation space.

The above only explains through diagrams, and arcuately some of tunnel bottom liner structure and its drainage system are former for the utility model Reason, be not intended to by the utility model be confined to shown in and the concrete structure and the scope of application in, therefore every be possible to The corresponding modification being utilized and equivalent, belong to the apllied the scope of the claims of the utility model.

Claims (6)

1. arcuately tunnel bottom liner structure and its drainage system, including arch wall preliminary bracing structure (10), arch wall secondary liner structure (40) and arch wall range waterproof layer (20) and drainage system (30), it is characterized in that：Arch wall secondary liner structure (40) bottom Portion setting arcuately construct (41), arcuately construct (41) transverse ends top and arch wall secondary liner structure (40) the both sides bottom Portion connects, the bearing structure on carrying basis and top railway roadbed and train load as arch wall secondary liner structure (40)；It is described The arcuately longitudinally through arched hollow space (C) of shape one between the lower part of construct (41) and tunnel bottom excavation face, as tunnel longitudinal drainage Channel；The drainage system includes arch wall range drainage system and tunnel bottom drainage system, arch wall range drainage system, the draining of tunnel bottom System is connected with arched hollow space (C).

2. arcuately tunnel bottom liner structure and its drainage system as described in claim 1, it is characterized in that：The arch wall range draining System includes circle draining blind pipe (31a) and abutment wall tapping pipe (31b), and circle draining blind pipe (31a) is between tunnel excavation direction Every being laid between non-woven geotextile (20a) and splash guard (20b) and be introduced directly into arched hollow space (C) in abutment wall lower part；It is described Abutment wall tapping pipe (31b) is laid along tunnel excavation direction interval, and country rock certain length is stretched into one end, and the other end introduces arched hollow space (C) in, with drainage abutment wall range underground water and pressure release.

3. arcuately tunnel bottom liner structure and its drainage system as described in claim 1, it is characterized in that：Tunnel bottom drainage system It is included in arched hollow space (C) the longitudinally, laterally spaced vertical tapping pipe in tunnel bottom (32), each vertical tapping pipe in tunnel bottom (32) The screed-coat (11) that lower end is disposed through arcuately construct (41) bottom surface stretches into certain depth in tunnel base rock, to drain tunnel bottom Range has pressure underground water and pressure release；The upper port of each vertical tapping pipe in tunnel bottom (32) away from screed-coat (11) top surface certain distance, with Prevent the interior tunnel bottom perennial draingage of arched hollow space (C) from pouring in down a chimney into the vertical tapping pipe in tunnel bottom (32).

4. arcuately tunnel bottom liner structure and its drainage system as described in claim 1, it is characterized in that：The arch wall range waterproof Layer (20) is located between arch wall preliminary bracing structure (10) and arch wall secondary liner structure (40), includes the geotextiles of internal layer The splash guard (20b) of (20a) and outer layer.

5. arcuately tunnel bottom liner structure and its drainage system as described in claim 1, it is characterized in that：The arch wall preliminary bracing Structure (10) includes the arch wall shotcrete layer (10a) for covering arch wall country rock and the arch wall system anchor along arch wall quincuncial arrangement Bar (10c), arch wall shotcrete layer (10a) is interior to lay arch wall steelframe (10b) along tunnel excavation direction interval, and arch wall injection is mixed Bar-mat reinforcement is added in solidifying soil layer (10a).

6. arcuately tunnel bottom liner structure and its drainage system as described in claim 1, it is characterized in that：The arched hollow space (C) Tunnel base rock it is arc-shaped, the deformation space to provide bigger as tunnel bottom under the premise of ensuring drainage channel size.