CN208038385U - A kind of reverse-flow type high temperature fixed bed gasification furnace - Google Patents
A kind of reverse-flow type high temperature fixed bed gasification furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN208038385U CN208038385U CN201820455984.6U CN201820455984U CN208038385U CN 208038385 U CN208038385 U CN 208038385U CN 201820455984 U CN201820455984 U CN 201820455984U CN 208038385 U CN208038385 U CN 208038385U
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- gasification furnace
- fire grate
- aditus laryngis
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a kind of reverse-flow type high temperature fixed bed gasification furnace, including gasification furnace body, hydraulic filter unit, high-temperature vapour preparation facilities, collect slag device, feeding device heats carbon-point, sampling pipe, PLC control devices, fire grate, fire grate sweep up dust device, temperature monitoring system；The present apparatus can carry out gasification process to biomass, house refuse and Biohazard Waste etc., the gasification gas generated using the device has many advantages, such as that hydrogen-rich, low tar, calorific value are high, and the effect for the vapor secondary use that can reach a high temperature, can further hydrogen manufacturing, boiler heat supplying, power plants generating electricity and as industrial chemicals etc.；Achieve the purpose that the resources effective utilizations such as biomass.
Description
Technical field
The utility model is specifically related to a kind of reverse-flow type high temperature fixed bed gasification furnace, belongs to Thermal Power Engineering Field.
Background technology
With the continuous development of society with the continuous improvement of scientific and technological level, the energy it is reasonable using more and more obtaining people
Attention, currently, the Solid Waste Treatments such as biomass, domestic waste and medical waste mode mainly have landfill, compost,
Burn, be pyrolyzed and gasify etc., wherein pyrolytic gasification technology has larger advantage in terms of to reclamation of solid wastes processing, tool
There is the features such as material adaptability is good, and transformation efficiency is high, and reaction rate is fast, and system scale is flexible, everywhere by many people application
Domestic waste is managed, in industrial solid wastes；However, this kind of technology equally exists many problems, it is as follows：
（1）Tar containing 5%-10% in the gas that existing pyrolysis gasification method generates, meeting during production and transport
It blocks pipeline, influence terminal device, when burning generates carbon black, pollutes environment, reduces energy utilization rate, constrain this method
Popularization；
（2）In existing fixed-bed gasification furnace steam gasification, if using steam as heat carrier, the heat often brought into is full
Foot not gasification institute calorific requirement, also needs to be incorporated some oxygen sometimes, to provide heat of reaction, big, heat exchange that there are energy consumptions
The shortcomings of efficiency is low, steam temperature is relatively low, while the utilization rate of entire reaction process vapor is relatively low, causes the wave of vapor
Take；
（3）When using fixed-bed gasification furnace, fire grate easily blocks, can not normal deslagging.
Utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of reverse-flow type high temperature fixed bed gasification furnaces, solve existing pyrolytic gasification side
Existing for method：Energy consumption is big, heat exchange efficiency is low, steam temperature is relatively low and utilization rate is not high, generates big containing tar content in gas, stove
The problems such as row easily blocks.
The technical solution of the utility model is：A kind of reverse-flow type high temperature fixed bed gasification furnace, including gasification furnace body, hydraulic pressure
Filter device, high-temperature vapour preparation facilities, collection slag device, feeding device, heating carbon-point, sampling pipe, PLC control devices, fire grate,
Fire grate sweeps up dust device, temperature monitoring system；It is characterized in that：The gasification furnace body includes upper furnace body, lower volume, stainless
Steel liner, insulating layer；The upper furnace body is connect with lower volume using flange seal, and link position is furnace body flanged joint
Place；The stainless steel inner container is mounted in gasification furnace body, and is insulating layer between stainless steel inner container and gasification furnace body；It is described not
Rust steel liner is divided into top reaction zone, middle part aditus laryngis, aditus laryngis lower reaction zone, product gas collecting region from top to bottom；The top
Reaction zone is the above space of furnace body flange connections, and middle part aditus laryngis is located at lower volume top, and stainless steel inner container bottom section is
Product gas collecting region, aditus laryngis lower reaction zone is between middle part aditus laryngis and product gas collecting region；The lower volume setting connects
Product gas outlet passageway and product gas return-air duct is arranged in the high-temperature vapour inlet channel of logical middle part aditus laryngis, product gas collecting region；
The product gas return-air duct connection product gas collecting region top and top reaction zone, and access gas on product gas return-air duct
Circulating fan；Electric apparatus room, electric appliance indoor location gas circulation wind turbine are set in the insulating layer of the lower volume；The product gas
Return-air duct, which connects, is arranged hydraulic filter unit at product gas collecting region；The hydraulic filter unit includes screen pipe, filter screen
Piece, hydraulic pressure screeding device, blow-off line；The filter net sheet is mounted in screen pipe；The hydraulic pressure screeding device include lever,
Intermediate axle bed, hydraulic stem, scraper plate connecting rod, scraper plate；The lever is connect by shaft with intermediate axle bed, and one end is fixed with lower end
It is connected in the hydraulic stem of electric apparatus room, the other end is connect by scraper plate connecting rod with the scraper plate in screen pipe；The scraper plate side close to
Filter net sheet, and mudhole is set on the screen pipe below scraper plate, mudhole connects carbon black collecting vessel by blow-off line；It is described
Product gas outlet passageway is located at product gas collecting region lower part；Feed pipe, the upper end inlet are set at the top of the gasification furnace body
Electric butterfly valve one is set, and lower end is connected to stainless steel inner container, and electric butterfly valve two, electric butterfly valve one and electric butterfly valve is arranged in connectivity part
Two clip spaces are hopper chamber；The high-temperature vapour preparation facilities is connect with high-temperature vapour inlet channel by steam pipe；It is described
Collect slag device to be located at immediately below gasification furnace body, be connected to inside internal cavity and stainless steel inner container；The collection slag device and gas
Change furnace body to connect using flange seal；The feeding device includes material storing box, feeding motor, delivery pipe, delivery pipe upper end with
End entrance is connected as one on feed pipe, and the heating carbon-point is interspersed in around stainless steel inner container on insulating layer, and connects power supply；
The sampling pipe is interspersed on gasification furnace body, and one end stretches into stainless steel inner container, and the other end is gasifying outside furnace body, and
Breather valve is arranged in the outer one end of furnace body；The sampling pipe be separately positioned on top reaction zone, middle part aditus laryngis, aditus laryngis lower reaction zone,
Product gas collecting region；The PLC control devices are mounted on material storing box, and are separately connected feeding motor, electronic by control line
Butterfly valve one, electric butterfly valve two；The fire grate is mounted on stainless steel inner container bottom, and frame is on collection slag device inner cavity top；The stove
Arrange top surface setting fire grate hole；Fire grate is arranged on the fire grate to sweep up dust device, the fire grate device that sweeps up dust includes fixed plate, and level turns
Axis, vertical shaft, vertical bearing, tumbler gear, cleaning board；The fixed plate is mounted on collection slag device inner cavity upper top；
The horizontal rotating shaft is mounted in fixed plate, and one end is extend out to outside gasification furnace body, and external part connects wind or motor；
Horizontal teeth is set on the horizontal rotating shaft；The vertical shaft is mounted in vertical bearing, and is turned with horizontal by tumbler gear
Axis engages；The vertical bearing is fixedly connected with fire grate；The cleaning board is mounted on vertical shaft top, and is bonded fire grate top
Face.
Further, the temperature monitoring system monitors top reaction zone, middle part aditus laryngis, larynx in real time using temperature monitoring equipment
Mouthful lower reaction zone, product gas collecting region reaction temperature, the reaction temperature that carbon-point controls each reaction zone is heated by adjusting.
It further, can be in real time to top reaction zone, middle part aditus laryngis, aditus laryngis lower reaction zone, product gas by sampling pipe
The reaction gas of collecting region is sampled, and carries out quantitative detection, realizes the real-time monitoring of reaction condition.
Further, aditus laryngis lower reaction zone internal diameter is less than top reaction zone；The middle part aditus laryngis is middle part inner concavity；
The product gas collecting region internal diameter is identical as top reaction zone；Gasification furnace is using the intermediate form for carrying middle part aditus laryngis, upper cone section
The feature for meeting volume-diminished after material pyrolysis in stove is shunk, lower cone section flaring is convenient for the decline of material；The structure is conducive to gas
Compound material forms " bulk flow " in stove, is effectively reduced bridge formation knot arch tendency.
Further, the high-temperature vapour inlet channel is arranged symmetrically using both sides, and two steam-gas inlets are opposite, and high temperature steams
Gas is obtained by high-temperature vapour preparation facilities.
The process of above-mentioned reverse-flow type high temperature fixed bed gasification furnace, it is characterised in that：The process includes material
Preprocess method, continuous automatic feeding method and gasification reaction process：
（1）The material preprocess method is：Dry materials to moisture content are less than 15%, are crushed to particle size range in 10-
30mm；
（2）The continuous automatic feeding method is：Material is added in material storing box, by the regulation and control of PLC control devices
Material motor, electric butterfly valve one, electric butterfly valve two act step by step；Specifically operational logic is：The opening of electric butterfly valve one, electric butterfly valve two
It closes, feeding motor operation, material in material storing box is added to hopper intracavitary；Feeding motor stops fortune after running a period of time
Row, filler terminate, and electric butterfly valve one is closed, electric butterfly valve two is opened；So realize continuous auto feed；
（3）The gasification reaction process is：After material enters stainless steel inner container, it is divided into four regions from top to bottom, respectively
For：Dry materials area, pyrolysis reaction region, oxidation reaction zone and reduction reaction area；
The first step, the dry materials area is mainly in top reaction zone, and temperature is at 100 DEG C -300 DEG C, the object containing moisture
Material carries out heat exchange with following heat source herein, and the moisture evaporation in material is made to go out；The product in dry materials area is dry
Material and vapor, dry material move down under the effect of gravity, and vapor overcomes heat buoyancy also to move down under strength suction；
Second step, mainly at the aditus laryngis of middle part, temperature comes from dry materials at 500 DEG C -800 DEG C for the pyrolysis reaction region
The dry material and vapor in area obtain oxidation reaction block transitive after entering pyrolysis reaction region and heat the heat that carbon-point provides, raw
Substance occurs pyrolytic reaction and is cracked into the substances such as carbon, volatile matter and tar, the recyclegas that product gas return-air duct introduces
Into the conversion zone, second pyrolysis is carried out, key reaction is：CHXOY=n1C+n2H2+n3H2O+n4CO+n5CO2+n6CH4；
Third walks, and mainly in aditus laryngis lower reaction zone, temperature carrys out self-heating at 1000 DEG C -1200 DEG C for the oxidation reaction zone
The biomass pyrolysis product and reflux gas for solving reaction zone continue to move down together with vapor in gasification furnace, which mainly comes
The coke of self-pyrolysis reaction zone occur imperfect combustion reaction and in reflux gas tar oxidation reaction, generate an oxygen
Change carbon, carbon dioxide and vapor, while releasing amount of heat, key reaction is：C+ O2→CO2、2C+ O2→2CO、CH4+
2O2→CO2+2H2O；
4th step, the reduction reaction area is mainly in product gas collecting region, and temperature is at 800 DEG C -1000 DEG C, and the region is
There is no oxygen presence, reduction reaction occurs for the red-hot charcoal of carbon dioxide and high-temperature vapor herein with non-complete oxidation, raw
At carbon monoxide and hydrogen etc.；Tar in reflux gas can occur adequately to react herein with high-temperature vapor；Key reaction
For： C+ CO2→2CO、C+ H2O→CO+ H2、C+ 2H2O→CO2+ 2H2、CO + H2O→2CO2+ H2、CO+3H2→CH4+
H2O, tar+H2O→H2+ CH4+ CO。
The beneficial effects of the utility model are：A kind of reverse-flow type high temperature fixed bed gasification furnace is provided, by the way that product is arranged
Gas return-air duct and gas circulation wind turbine, the product gas that product gas collecting region is generated carry out reflux cycle so that in product gas
Tar can largely reduce the content of tar in product gas with second pyrolysis；It, can meanwhile during gas circulation
Secondary use is carried out with the vapor that will do not make full use of, reduces the content of vapor in product gas, vapor follows product
Gas carries out secondary use, saves water resource；Rich hydrogen production gas can be produced by above-mentioned reflux cycle mode, is reached
The purpose of the resources effective utilizations such as biomass.
Further, by being arranged product gas return-air duct and gas circulation wind turbine in insulating layer, product can be prevented
Gas causes tar to be changed into liquid by gaseous state in cyclic process since temperature reduces, to blocking products gas return-air duct and gas
Body circulation wind turbine.
Further, product gas high temperature carbon black can be removed by the way that hydraulic filter unit is arranged, to promote product gas
Quality.
Further, it in order to keep gasification furnace addition raw material more convenient, and realizes that charging is reacted with gasification furnace and is independent of each other, if
Set electric butterfly valve one（1-12）, electric butterfly valve two（1-13）, hopper chamber（1-14）, by PLC control devices regulate and control feeding motor,
Electric butterfly valve one, electric butterfly valve two act step by step；Specifically operational logic is：Electric butterfly valve one open, electric butterfly valve two close, on
Expect motor operation, material in material storing box is added to hopper intracavitary；Feeding motor runs out of service, filler knot after a period of time
Beam, electric butterfly valve one is closed, electric butterfly valve two is opened；It so realizes continuous auto feed and does not influence gasification furnace reaction.
Further, fire grate is cleaned in real time by the way that the fire grate device that sweeps up dust is arranged, prevents the fire grate hole plug on fire grate,
Deslagging is unsmooth；Horizontal rotating shaft external part can connect wind or motor, manually or automatically be cleaned to realize.
The present apparatus can carry out gasification process to biomass, house refuse and Biohazard Waste etc., be generated using the device
Gasification gas have many advantages, such as that hydrogen-rich, low tar, calorific value are high, and the effect for the vapor secondary use that can reach a high temperature can
Further hydrogen manufacturing, boiler heat supplying, power plants generating electricity and as industrial chemicals etc.；Reach the mesh of the resources effective utilizations such as biomass
's.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the three-dimensional structure diagram one of the utility model.
Fig. 2 is the three-dimensional structure diagram two of the utility model.
Fig. 3 is the three-dimensional structure diagram three of the utility model.
Fig. 4 is the whole cut away view of the utility model.
Fig. 5 is cut away view at the feed pipe of the utility model.
Fig. 6 is the gasification furnace body cut away view one of the utility model.
Fig. 7 is the gasification furnace body cut away view two of the utility model.
Fig. 8 is the electric apparatus room internal structure chart of the utility model.
Fig. 9 is the gasification furnace furnace interior structure chart of the utility model.
Figure 10 is the hydraulic filter unit structure chart one of the utility model.
Figure 11 is the hydraulic filter unit structure chart two of the utility model.
Figure 12 is the hydraulic filter unit structure chart three of the utility model.
Figure 13 is the fire grate structure figure of the utility model.
Figure 14 is the fire grate cut away view of the utility model.
Figure 15 is that the fire grate of the utility model sweeps up dust device connection structure diagram.
Figure 16 is that the fire grate of the utility model sweeps up dust structure drawing of device.
In figure：Gasify furnace body（1）, hydraulic filter unit（2）, high-temperature vapour preparation facilities（3）, collect slag device（4）, on
Expect device（5）, heat carbon-point（6）, sampling pipe（7）, PLC control devices（8）, fire grate（9）, fire grate sweeps up dust device (10), temperature
Monitoring system（11）, upper furnace body（1-1）, lower volume（1-2）, stainless steel inner container（1-3）, insulating layer（1-4）, furnace body flange
Junction（1-5）, high-temperature vapour inlet channel（1-6）, product gas outlet passageway（1-7）, product gas return-air duct（1-8）, gas
Body circulation wind turbine（1-9）, electric apparatus room（1-10）, feed pipe（1-11）, electric butterfly valve one（1-12）, electric butterfly valve two（1-13）,
Hopper chamber（1-14）, steam pipe（1-15）, screen pipe（2-1）, filter net sheet（2-2）, hydraulic pressure screeding device（2-3）, blow-off pipe
Road（2-4）, carbon black collecting vessel（2-5）, mudhole（2-1-1）, lever（2-3-1）, intermediate axle bed（2-3-2）, hydraulic stem（2-3-
3）, scraper plate connecting rod（2-3-4）, scraper plate（2-3-5）, top reaction zone（1-3-1）, middle part aditus laryngis（1-3-2）, the reaction of aditus laryngis lower part
Area（1-3-3）, product gas collecting region（1-3-4）, material storing box（5-1）, feeding motor（5-2）, delivery pipe（5-3）, breather valve（7-
1）, fire grate hole（9-1）, fixed plate (10-1), horizontal rotating shaft (10-2), vertical shaft (10-3), vertical bearing (10-4) changes
To gear (10-5), cleaning board (10-6), horizontal teeth (10-2-1).
Specific implementation mode
A kind of reverse-flow type high temperature fixed bed gasification furnace, including gasification furnace body（1）, hydraulic filter unit（2）, high-temperature vapour
Preparation facilities（3）, collect slag device（4）, feeding device（5）, heat carbon-point（6）, sampling pipe（7）, PLC control devices（8）, fire grate
（9）, fire grate sweeps up dust device (10), temperature monitoring system（11）；It is characterized in that：The gasification furnace body（1）Including upper furnace
Body（1-1）, lower volume（1-2）, stainless steel inner container（1-3）, insulating layer（1-4）；The upper furnace body（1-1）With lower volume
（1-2）It is connected using flange seal, link position is furnace body flange connections（1-5）；The stainless steel inner container（1-3）It is mounted on
Gasify furnace body（1）It is interior, and stainless steel inner container（1-3）With gasification furnace body（1）Between be insulating layer（1-4）；In the stainless steel
Courage（1-3）It is divided into top reaction zone from top to bottom（1-3-1）, middle part aditus laryngis（1-3-2）, aditus laryngis lower reaction zone（1-3-3）, production
Product gas collecting region（1-3-4）；The top reaction zone（1-3-1）For furnace body flange connections（1-5）The above space, middle part aditus laryngis
（1-3-2）Positioned at lower volume（1-2）Top, stainless steel inner container（1-3）Bottom section is product gas collecting region（1-3-4）, larynx
Mouth lower reaction zone（1-3-3）Positioned at middle part aditus laryngis（1-3-2）With product gas collecting region（1-3-4）Between；The lower volume
（1-2）Setting connection middle part aditus laryngis（1-3-2）High-temperature vapour inlet channel（1-6）, product gas collecting region（1-3-4）Setting production
Product gas outlet passageway（1-7）And product gas return-air duct（1-8）；The product gas return-air duct（1-8）Product gas is connected to collect
Area（1-3-4）Top and top reaction zone（1-3-1）, and product gas return-air duct（1-8）Upper access gas circulation wind turbine（1-
9）；The lower volume（1-2）Insulating layer in be arranged electric apparatus room（1-10）, electric apparatus room（1-10）Interior installation gas circulation wind turbine
（1-9）；The product gas return-air duct（1-8）Connect product gas collecting region（1-3-4）Place's setting hydraulic filter unit（2）；Institute
State hydraulic filter unit（2）Including screen pipe（2-1）, filter net sheet（2-2）, hydraulic pressure screeding device（2-3）, blow-off line（2-
4）；The filter net sheet（2-2）Mounted on screen pipe（2-1）It is interior；The hydraulic pressure screeding device（2-3）Including lever（2-3-1）,
Intermediate axle bed（2-3-2）, hydraulic stem（2-3-3）, scraper plate connecting rod（2-3-4）, scraper plate（2-3-5）；The lever（2-3-1）Pass through
Shaft and intermediate axle bed（2-3-2）Connection, one end are fixed on electric apparatus room with lower end（1-10）Hydraulic stem（2-3-3）Connection,
The other end passes through scraper plate connecting rod（2-3-4）With screen pipe（2-1）Interior scraper plate（2-3-5）Connection；The scraper plate（2-3-5）Side
Close to filter net sheet（2-2）, and scraper plate（2-3-5）The screen pipe of lower section（2-1）Upper setting mudhole（2-1-1）, mudhole（2-
1-1）Pass through blow-off line（2-4）Connect carbon black collecting vessel（2-5）；The product gas outlet passageway（1-7）It is received positioned at product gas
Ji Qu（1-3-4）Lower part；The gasification furnace body（1）Feed pipe is arranged in top（1-11）, electronic butterfly is arranged in the upper end inlet
Valve one（1-12）, lower end is connected to stainless steel inner container（1-3）, and electric butterfly valve two is arranged in connectivity part（1-13）, electric butterfly valve one（1-
12）With electric butterfly valve two（1-13）Institute's clip space is hopper chamber（1-14）；The high-temperature vapour preparation facilities（3）With high-temperature vapour
Inlet channel（1-6）Pass through steam pipe（1-15）Connection；The collection slag device（4）Positioned at gasification furnace body（1）Underface, in
Portion's cavity and stainless steel inner container（1-3）Inside connection；The collection slag device（4）With gasification furnace body（1）Connected using flange seal
It connects；The feeding device（5）Including material storing box（5-1）, feeding motor（5-2）, delivery pipe（5-3）, delivery pipe（5-3）Upper end with
Feed pipe（1-11）Upper end entrance is connected as one, the heating carbon-point（6）Around stainless steel inner container（1-3）It is interspersed in insulating layer
（1-4）On, and connect power supply；The sampling pipe（7）It is interspersed in gasification furnace body（1）On, one end stretches into stainless steel inner container（1-
3）Interior, the other end is in gasification furnace body（1）Outside, and outside furnace body breather valve is arranged in one end（7-1）；The sampling pipe（7）Respectively
It is arranged in top reaction zone（1-3-1）, middle part aditus laryngis（1-3-2）, aditus laryngis lower reaction zone（1-3-3）, product gas collecting region（1-
3-4）；The PLC control devices（8）Mounted on material storing box（5-1）On, and feeding motor is separately connected by control line（5-2）,
Electric butterfly valve one（1-12）, electric butterfly valve two（1-13）；The fire grate（9）Mounted on stainless steel inner container（1-3）Bottom, and frame exists
Collect slag device（4）Inner cavity top；The fire grate（9）Fire grate hole is arranged in top surface（9-1）；The fire grate（9）Upper setting fire grate sweeps up dust
Device（10）, fire grate sweeps up dust device（10）Including fixed plate（10-1）, horizontal rotating shaft（10-2）, vertical shaft（10-3）, erect
D-axis is held（10-4）, tumbler gear（10-5）, cleaning board（10-6）；The fixed plate（10-1）Mounted on collection slag device（4）
Inner cavity upper top；The horizontal rotating shaft（10-2）Mounted on fixed plate（10-1）On, one end extend out to gasification furnace body
（1）Outside, external part connection wind or motor；The horizontal rotating shaft（10-2）Upper setting horizontal teeth（10-2-1）；It is described vertical
Shaft（10-3）Mounted on vertical bearing（10-4）It is interior, and pass through tumbler gear（10-5）With horizontal rotating shaft（10-2）Engagement；Institute
State vertical bearing（10-4）With fire grate（9）It is fixedly connected；The cleaning board（10-6）Mounted on vertical shaft（10-3）Top, and
It is bonded fire grate（9）Top surface.
Further, the temperature monitoring system（11）Monitor top reaction zone in real time using temperature monitoring equipment（1-3-1）,
Middle part aditus laryngis（1-3-2）, aditus laryngis lower reaction zone（1-3-3）, product gas collecting region（1-3-4）, reaction temperature, pass through adjusting
Heat carbon-point（6）Control the reaction temperature of each reaction zone.
Further, pass through sampling pipe（7）It can be in real time to top reaction zone（1-3-1）, middle part aditus laryngis（1-3-2）, aditus laryngis
Lower reaction zone（1-3-3）, product gas collecting region（1-3-4）Reaction gas sampled, and carry out quantitative detection, realize anti-
Answer the real-time monitoring of situation.
Further, the aditus laryngis lower reaction zone（1-3-3）Internal diameter is less than top reaction zone（1-3-1）；The middle part larynx
Mouthful（1-3-2）For middle part inner concavity；The product gas collecting region（1-3-4）Internal diameter and top reaction zone（1-3-1）It is identical；Gasification
Stove carries middle part aditus laryngis using intermediate（1-3-2）Form, upper cone section is shunk meet the pyrolysis of material in stove after volume-diminished spy
Sign, lower cone section flaring are convenient for the decline of material；The structure is conducive to gasification materiel and forms " bulk flow " in stove, is effectively reduced
Knot arch of building bridge is inclined to.
Further, the high-temperature vapour inlet channel（1-6）It is arranged symmetrically using both sides, and two steam-gas inlets are opposite,
High-temperature vapour is by high-temperature vapour preparation facilities（3）Gained.
The process of above-mentioned reverse-flow type high temperature fixed bed gasification furnace, it is characterised in that：The process includes material
Preprocess method, continuous automatic feeding method and gasification reaction process：
（1）The material preprocess method is：Dry materials to moisture content are less than 15%, are crushed to particle size range in 10-
30mm；
（2）The continuous automatic feeding method is：Material is added to material storing box（5-1）It is interior, pass through PLC control devices
（8）Regulate and control feeding motor（5-2）, electric butterfly valve one（1-12）, electric butterfly valve two（1-13）Substep acts；Specific operational logic
For：Electric butterfly valve one（1-12）It opens, electric butterfly valve two（1-13）It closes, feeding motor（5-2）Operation, by material storing box（5-1）
Interior material is added to hopper chamber（1-14）It is interior；Feeding motor（5-2）Out of service after operation a period of time, filler terminates, electronic
Butterfly valve one（1-12）It closes, electric butterfly valve two（1-13）It opens；So realize continuous auto feed；
（3）The gasification reaction process is：Material enters stainless steel inner container（1-3）Afterwards, it is divided into four regions from top to bottom,
Respectively：Dry materials area, pyrolysis reaction region, oxidation reaction zone and reduction reaction area；
The first step, the dry materials area is mainly in top reaction zone（1-3-1）, temperature contains at 100 DEG C -300 DEG C
The material of moisture carries out heat exchange with following heat source herein, and the moisture evaporation in material is made to go out；The production in dry materials area
Object is dry material and vapor, and dry material moves down under the effect of gravity, and vapor overcomes heat buoyancy under strength suction
It moves down；
Second step, the pyrolysis reaction region is mainly in middle part aditus laryngis（1-3-2）Place, temperature come from 500 DEG C -800 DEG C
The dry material and vapor in dry materials area obtain oxidation reaction block transitive and heating carbon-point after entering pyrolysis reaction region（6）It carries
The heat of confession, biomass fermentation give birth to pyrolytic reaction and are cracked into the substances such as carbon, volatile matter and tar, product gas return-air duct（1-8）
The recyclegas of introducing also enters the conversion zone, carries out second pyrolysis, and key reaction is：CHXOY=n1C+n2H2+n3H2O+n4CO
+n5CO2+n6CH4；
Third walks, and mainly in aditus laryngis lower reaction zone, temperature carrys out self-heating at 1000 DEG C -1200 DEG C for the oxidation reaction zone
The biomass pyrolysis product and reflux gas for solving reaction zone continue to move down together with vapor in gasification furnace, which mainly comes
The coke of self-pyrolysis reaction zone occur imperfect combustion reaction and in reflux gas tar oxidation reaction, generate an oxygen
Change carbon, carbon dioxide and vapor, while releasing amount of heat, key reaction is：C+ O2→CO2、2C+ O2→2CO、CH4+
2O2→CO2+2H2O；
4th step, the reduction reaction area is mainly in product gas collecting region（1-3-4）, temperature, should at 800 DEG C -1000 DEG C
Region exists without oxygen, and it is anti-that reduction occurs for the red-hot charcoal of carbon dioxide and high-temperature vapor herein with non-complete oxidation
It answers, generates carbon monoxide and hydrogen etc.；Tar in reflux gas can occur adequately to react herein with high-temperature vapor；Mainly
Reaction is： C+ CO2→2CO、C+ H2O→CO+ H2、C+ 2H2O→CO2+ 2H2、CO + H2O→2CO2+ H2、CO+3H2→
CH4+ H2O, tar+H2O→H2+ CH4+ CO。
Although the utility model is described in detail with reference to previous examples, those skilled in the art is come
It says, still the technical solution recorded in foregoing embodiments can be carried out and be changed, or to which part technical characteristic
Equivalent replacement is carried out, within the spirit and principle of the utility model, any modification, equivalent substitution, improvement and etc. done,
It should be included within the scope of protection of this utility model.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of reverse-flow type high temperature fixed bed gasification furnace, including gasification furnace body, hydraulic filter unit, high-temperature vapour prepare dress
It sets, collects slag device, feeding device heats carbon-point, sampling pipe, PLC control devices, fire grate, and fire grate sweeps up dust device, temperature monitoring system
System；It is characterized in that：The gasification furnace body includes upper furnace body, lower volume, stainless steel inner container, insulating layer；The top
Furnace body is connect with lower volume using flange seal, and link position is furnace body flange connections；The stainless steel inner container is mounted on
Gasify in furnace body, and is insulating layer between stainless steel inner container and gasification furnace body；The stainless steel inner container is divided into from top to bottom
Portion's reaction zone, middle part aditus laryngis, aditus laryngis lower reaction zone, product gas collecting region；The top reaction zone is furnace body flange connections
The above space, middle part aditus laryngis are located at lower volume top, and stainless steel inner container bottom section is product gas collecting region, and aditus laryngis lower part is anti-
Answer area between middle part aditus laryngis and product gas collecting region；The high-temperature vapour air inlet of lower volume setting connection middle part aditus laryngis
Product gas outlet passageway and product gas return-air duct is arranged in channel, product gas collecting region；The product gas return-air duct connection production
Product gas collecting region top and top reaction zone, and gas circulation wind turbine is accessed on product gas return-air duct；The lower volume
Electric apparatus room, electric appliance indoor location gas circulation wind turbine are set in insulating layer；The product gas return-air duct connection product gas is collected
Hydraulic filter unit is set at area；The hydraulic filter unit includes screen pipe, filter net sheet, hydraulic pressure screeding device, blow-off pipe
Road；The filter net sheet is mounted in screen pipe；The hydraulic pressure screeding device includes lever, intermediate axle bed, hydraulic stem, scraper plate company
Bar, scraper plate；The lever is connect by shaft with intermediate axle bed, and the hydraulic stem that one end is fixed on electric apparatus room with lower end is connect,
The other end is connect by scraper plate connecting rod with the scraper plate in screen pipe；The scraper plate side is close to filter net sheet, and below scraper plate
Mudhole is set on screen pipe, and mudhole connects carbon black collecting vessel by blow-off line；The product gas outlet passageway is located at production
Product gas collecting region lower part；Feed pipe is set at the top of the gasification furnace body, and electric butterfly valve one is arranged in the upper end inlet, and lower end connects
Logical stainless steel inner container, and electric butterfly valve two is arranged in connectivity part, electric butterfly valve one is hopper chamber with two clip spaces of electric butterfly valve；Institute
High-temperature vapour preparation facilities is stated to connect by steam pipe with high-temperature vapour inlet channel；The collection slag device is located at gasification furnace body
It is connected to inside underface, internal cavity and stainless steel inner container；The collection slag device is connected with gasification furnace body using flange seal
It connects；The feeding device includes material storing box, feeding motor, delivery pipe, and delivery pipe upper end is connected as one with end entrance on feed pipe
Body, the heating carbon-point are interspersed in around stainless steel inner container on insulating layer, and connect power supply；The sampling pipe is interspersed in gasification furnace
On furnace body, one end stretches into stainless steel inner container, and the other end is outside gasification furnace body, and breather valve is arranged in one end outside furnace body；
The sampling pipe is separately positioned on top reaction zone, middle part aditus laryngis, aditus laryngis lower reaction zone, product gas collecting region；The PLC controls
Device processed is mounted on material storing box, and is separately connected feeding motor, electric butterfly valve one, electric butterfly valve two by control line；It is described
Fire grate is mounted on stainless steel inner container bottom, and frame is on collection slag device inner cavity top；Fire grate top surface setting fire grate hole；The stove
Fire grate is arranged on row to sweep up dust device, the fire grate device that sweeps up dust includes fixed plate, horizontal rotating shaft, vertical shaft, vertical bearing, commutation
Gear, cleaning board；The fixed plate is mounted on collection slag device inner cavity upper top；The horizontal rotating shaft is mounted on fixed plate
On, one end is extend out to outside gasification furnace body, and external part connects wind or motor；Horizontal teeth is set on the horizontal rotating shaft；
The vertical shaft is mounted in vertical bearing, and is engaged with horizontal rotating shaft by tumbler gear；The vertical bearing and fire grate
It is fixedly connected；The cleaning board is mounted on vertical shaft top, and is bonded fire grate top surface.
2. a kind of reverse-flow type high temperature fixed bed gasification furnace according to claim 1, it is characterized in that:The temperature monitoring system
Top reaction zone, middle part aditus laryngis, aditus laryngis lower reaction zone, product gas collecting region are separately positioned on using temperature monitoring equipment.
3. a kind of reverse-flow type high temperature fixed bed gasification furnace according to claim 1, it is characterized in that:The aditus laryngis lower part reaction
Area's internal diameter is less than top reaction zone；The middle part aditus laryngis is middle part inner concavity；The product gas collecting region internal diameter is reacted with top
Area is identical.
4. a kind of reverse-flow type high temperature fixed bed gasification furnace according to claim 1, it is characterized in that:The high-temperature vapour into
Gas channel is arranged symmetrically using both sides, and two steam-gas inlets are opposite.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201820455984.6U CN208038385U (en) | 2018-04-03 | 2018-04-03 | A kind of reverse-flow type high temperature fixed bed gasification furnace |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201820455984.6U CN208038385U (en) | 2018-04-03 | 2018-04-03 | A kind of reverse-flow type high temperature fixed bed gasification furnace |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN208038385U true CN208038385U (en) | 2018-11-02 |
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| CN201820455984.6U Withdrawn - After Issue CN208038385U (en) | 2018-04-03 | 2018-04-03 | A kind of reverse-flow type high temperature fixed bed gasification furnace |
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| CN (1) | CN208038385U (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108410503A (en) * | 2018-04-03 | 2018-08-17 | 内蒙古科技大学 | A kind of reverse-flow type high temperature fixed bed gasification furnace and its process |
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2018
- 2018-04-03 CN CN201820455984.6U patent/CN208038385U/en not_active Withdrawn - After Issue
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108410503A (en) * | 2018-04-03 | 2018-08-17 | 内蒙古科技大学 | A kind of reverse-flow type high temperature fixed bed gasification furnace and its process |
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