CN207820432U - 水冷式线路板散热装置 - Google Patents
水冷式线路板散热装置 Download PDFInfo
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- CN207820432U CN207820432U CN201820036390.1U CN201820036390U CN207820432U CN 207820432 U CN207820432 U CN 207820432U CN 201820036390 U CN201820036390 U CN 201820036390U CN 207820432 U CN207820432 U CN 207820432U
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- Prior art keywords
- heat
- water
- cooling
- plate
- cooling tube
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- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 116
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances data:image/svg+xml;base64,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 data:image/svg+xml;base64,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 O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000001808 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum Chemical compound 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[Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper Chemical compound 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Abstract
本实用新型涉及水冷式线路板散热装置，包括机箱、导热板、冷却管和冷却装置；机箱的内部装有线路板，一端设有换热室，机箱与换热室之间设有隔板，隔板上设有插孔，导热板包括导热区和换热区，导热区固定在线路板上与大功率发热元器件接触，换热区位于线路板的外侧，且远离线路板，换热区穿过插孔位于换热室内；所述冷却管嵌合在换热区，冷却管内装有冷却水，冷却管的进水口和出水口之间装有冷却装置，冷却装置冷却从冷却管出来的高温水。该装置通过在导热板的一端设置冷却管方便集中冷却，并且使机箱的结构紧凑，在同体积的情况下能安装更多的线路板，而散热效果更好、散热快、散热稳定、不易积灰，能有效降低大功率发热元器件的温度。
Description
水冷式线路板散热装置
技术领域
[0001] 本实用新型涉及一种散热装置，尤其是水冷式线路板散热装置。
背景技术
[0002] 由于电力电子技术的飞速发展，大功率元器件的集成度越来越高，功率密度也越 来越大，工作时产生的热量也越来越大。为了保证功率器件的正常工作，必须及时有效地将 热量散掉。因为若不能及时快速将功率器件产生的热散除，会导致功率器件中的芯片温度 升高，轻则造成效能降低，缩短使用寿命，重则会导致功率器件的失效和芯片的烧毁炸管。 为了维持高效率的散热功能，散热器的体积与重量也不得不随之越大越重。现存技术中，最 普遍且最有效的方法，即利用风扇带动空气流动，使其与集热的鳍片进行热交换，以带走鳍 片的热量来达到降温的目的。此外，芯片并不一直是满负荷运算，当芯片温度高于某一值 时，风扇的散热才起到有效作用；而芯片在低温状态下风扇的工作增加了系统功耗。风冷还 容易积灰、积灰又影响散热性能、并有可以引起短路、导致整体可靠性变差。或者通过散热 片散热，如中国专利CN206698497U公布的一种电子线路板的散热装置，其结构包括电子元 器件、凹槽、线路、贴片电容、可调电阻、安装孔、线路板、控制芯片、线路板外壳、散热装置、 散热条，电子元器件设有个并且焊接于线路板的左上方，电子元器件设于凹槽的右方，凹槽 设有2个并且通过键槽连接于线路板的左右两侧，凹槽的右下方设有线路，贴片电容与可调 电阻互相平行，贴片电容、可调电阻与线路板垂直焊接，可调电阻设于安装孔的左侧，控制 芯片焊接于线路板的右侧中部，本实用新型的有益效果:通过设有的导热板和散热装置，提 高了电子线路板的散热性能，避免线路板因高温而烧毁，设备工作能够得以正常运行，后续 工作不会中停，节约了维修时间。该散热装置通过散热翅片进行散热，适用于发热量小的线 路板，无法使用大功率发热元器件。 实用新型内容
[0003]为解决上述问题，本实用新型提供一种散热效果好、散热稳定、无积灰、适用大功 率发热元器件散热的水冷式线路板散热装置，具体技术方案为：
[0004]水冷式线路板散热装置，包括机箱、导热板、冷却管和冷却装置;所述机箱的内部 装有线路板，机箱的一端设有换热室，机箱与换热室之间设有隔板，隔板上设有插孔，插孔 将机箱与换热室连通，所述导热板包括导热区和换热区，导热区和换热区为整体结构，所述 导热区固定在线路板上与大功率发热元器件接触，换热区位于线路板的外侧，且远离线路 板，换热区穿过插孔位于换热室内；所述冷却管嵌合在换热区，冷却管内装有冷却水，冷却 管的一端为进水口，另一端为出水口，进水口和出水口分别位于换热区的两侧，进水口和出 水口之间装有冷却装置，冷却装置冷却从冷却管出来的高温水。
[0005]通过采用上述技术方案，冷却管嵌在导热板，冷却管与导入板充分接触，增大了接 触面积，提高了导热效率和导热速度。冷却管的进水口和出水口分别位于换热区的两侧，冷 却管穿过整个换热区，进一步保证了冷却管与导热板的接触面积，从而有效保证散热效果。 导热板将大功率发热元器件的热量传导到冷却管上，冷却管通过冷水带走热量。通过导热 板将热量传导到换热室中散热减少了导热板的体积。导热板与大功率发热元器件之间装有 导热胶或导热硅脂。导热胶或导热硅脂减少大功率发热元器件与导热板之间的空隙，使热 量的传导更加顺畅，提高导热效果。水冷使机箱内部不易积灰，并且散热效果好，散热稳定'，' 适用大功率发热元器件的散热。 I
[0006]冷却装置的水栗将冷却管中的高温水送到冷却装置中的换热器进行冷却，高温水 冷却成低温水后进入冷却管冷却导热板。通过导热板将热量传导到冷却管中散热减少了导 热板的体积，使结构紧凑，并方便实现集中散热。
[0007]水冷使机箱内部不易积灰，并且散热效果好，散热稳定，适用大功率发热元器件的 散热。
[0008] 优选的，所述机箱内的线路板不少于两个，多个线路板水平层叠或竖直并排布置， 所述导热板数量与线路板数量一致;所述冷却管的进水口装有公快速接头，出水口装有母 快速接头。
[0009] 通过采用上述技术方案，线路板水平层叠或竖直并排布置能够安装更多的线路 板，而散热均通过冷进管行散热，从而有效减少整体控制系统的体积，使整体结构紧凑。
[0010] 导热板的体积小，方便布置线路板，提高了机箱内部空间的利用率。
[0011] 冷风机或制冷剂能提供持续稳定的低温从而保证冷却水保持在低温状态实现有 效的散热。
[0012] 优选的，所述机箱内设有多个插槽，线路板的两侧插在插槽内；机箱的一端装有水 箱，机箱与水箱相对的一面设有导向定位销，水箱上设有销钉孔，导向定位销插在销钉孔 中；所述水箱内部设有隔板，隔板将水箱分成进水腔和出水腔，进水腔上装有母快速接头和 进水接头，出水腔上装有公快速接头和出水接头，冷却管上的公快速接头与进水腔上的母 快速接头对接，冷却管上的母快速接头与出水腔上的公快速接头对接；出水接头和进水接 头之间装有冷却装置，冷却装置为冷风机或制冷机;换热室还设有通风孔;所述冷却管为S 形。
[0013]通过采用上述技术方案，插槽使机箱的结构简单，插槽方便线路板的安装，尤其是 多个线路板水平层叠或竖直并排布置。导向定位销将冷却水箱固定在机箱的一侧。紧定螺 钉将导热板固定在散热插槽内。
[0014] 快速接头连接方便快捷，便于安装。水箱内的隔板设有两个，防止进水腔的冷水与 出水箱接触导致稳定升高。进水腔和出水腔分别与多个冷却管连接减少管路，使结构简单 紧凑，实现集中散热。
[0015] 冷风机或制冷剂能提供持续稳定的低温从而保证冷却水保持在低温状态实现有 效的散热。
[0016] 换热室的通风孔提高换热室的空气流动性，可以降低换热室的温度。
[0017] 优选的，所述导热板为复合板，包括不少于一个的导热底板和导热顶板，导热底板 和导热顶板层叠在一起，导热底板与导热顶板之间装有导热工质和冷却管。
[0018] 通过采用上述技术方案，导热底板和导热顶板层叠在一起形成导热工质的容纳空 间，导热工质进一步提高传热速度。冷却管位于导热底板与导热顶板之间使冷却管的整个 圆周面均与导热板接触，有效提高了热交换面积，保证了散热效果。
[0019] 优选的，所述导热顶板与导热底板之间设有封闭的导热槽，导热槽从导热区延伸 至换热区的冷却管的一侧，导热槽内装有导热工质;所述导热槽设有一个或不少于两个，导 热槽不少于两个时导热槽规则或不规则分布。
[0020] 通过采用上述技术方案，导热槽用于容纳更多的导热工质。导热槽可以根据大功 率发热元器件的位置进行布置。导热槽从导热区延伸至换热区的冷却管的一侧，导热槽与 冷却管的交叉区域形成一个换热区，使导热工质传导的热量能迅速被冷却管转移走。
[0021] 优选的，所述导热槽设有多个，导热槽规则分布，且相邻的导热槽相互连通。
[0022] 通过采用上述技术方案，导热槽相互连通使导热工质形成整体，能够实现快速传 热。
[0023] 优选的，所述导热槽包括多个平行的横向槽和纵向槽，所述冷却管为S形，所述横 向槽从导热区延伸到S形冷却管的槽中，所述纵向槽与横向槽垂直，横向槽与纵向槽相交形 成整体互通的网格状。
[0024] 通过采用上述技术方案，横向槽从导热区延伸到S形冷却管的槽中使横向槽的两 侧均为冷却管，极大的提高了导热效率。
[0025] 冷却管为S形增大了与导热板的热交换面积。
[0026] 优选的，所述导热槽为多边形槽，多个多边形槽相互连通形成网状或蜂窝状;所述 冷却管包括多个冷却支管，冷却支管A沿导热板的边缘布置，冷却支管A围绕整个导热板，冷 却支管B穿过导热板的中间区域，冷却支管B降低导热板中间区域的温度。
[0027] 通过采用上述技术方案，导热槽形成网状或蜂窝状，结构美观，同时提高了导热工 质的容量，并且使所有导热工质连成整体，传热快。
[0028] 冷却支管基板涵盖了整个导热板的所有区域，从而有效保证导热板处于低温状 态，实现高效的散热。
[0029] 优选的，所述导热槽为开设在导热顶板或导热底板或导热顶板和导热底板上的 槽;或导热槽为凸起，凸起形成导热工质的容纳空间，凸起设在导热顶板或导热底板或导热 顶板和导热底板上，所述凸起向导热板的外侧凸。
[0030] 通过采用上述技术方案，槽可以通过铣刀在导热顶部或导热底板上加工出来，力口 工成本较高，适用小批量生产。凸起采用冲压或吹胀的方式加工，凸起的加工成本低，适用 批量生产。
[0031] 优选的，所述导热底板和导热顶板为铝板、铜板或不锈钢板中的一种;所述铝板或 铜板的表面设有阳极氧化层;所述导热工质为气体、液体、气体与液体的混合物、相变抑制 材料中的一种。 t〇〇32]通过采用上述技术方案，铝板、铜板或不锈钢板导热性能好，采用铝板或铜板时表 面通过阳极氧化进行防腐处理，如果喷漆会影响散热效果。
[0033] 气体的导热工质可以为氢气。
[0034]液体的导热工质可以为蒸馏水、氨、甘油、甲醇或丙酮中的一种或两种以上的混合 物。
[0035] 相变抑制材料为固态与液态的混合物，成果冻或啫喱状。相变抑制材料中的液态 部分可以为蒸馏水、氨、甘油、甲醇或丙酮等多种材料中的一种或多种，固态部分可以为石 墨。相变抑制材料受热时，沸腾现象受到抑制，从而呈现高效传热现象，即热源远处的温度 反而比热源近处高;与此同时，发热以超常的高速率从受热端传到远端，而使受热端保持低 温状态。相变抑制材料具有高传热速率，高传热密度的特点，有效热导率为6000W/m.K;传热 密度为实测为lOO-lOOOW/on2;均温性好、可在-2(TC环境下使用、可以实现反重力传热和马 鞍形传热。
[0036]与现有技术相比本实用新型具有以下有益效果：
[0037]本实用新型提供的水冷式线路板散热装置通过在导热板的一端设置冷却管方便 集中冷却，并且使机箱的结构紧凑，在同体积的情况下能安装更多的线路板，而散热效果更 好、散热快、散热稳定、不易积灰，能有效降低大功率发热元器件的温度。
附图说明
[0038]图1是本实用新型的结构示意图；
[0039]图2是本实用新型的剖视图；
[0040] 图3是管道板上设有导热槽的结构示意图；
[0041] 图4是沿图3中A-A线的局部放大剖视图；
[0042]图5是管道板上设有凸起的结构示意图；
[0043]图6是沿图5中B-B线的局部放大剖视图；
具体实施方式
[0044] 现结合附图对本实用新型作进一步说明。
[0045] 实施例一
[0046]如图1和图2所示，水冷式线路板散热装置，包括机箱11、导热板2、冷却管71和冷却 装置。
[0047] 机箱11内设有插槽15，线路板12的两侧插在插槽15内；线路板12不少于两个，多个 线路板12竖直并排布置。机箱11的一端设有换热室16,机箱11与换热室16之间设有隔板14， 隔板14上设有插孔，插孔将机箱11与换热室16连通;换热室16还设有通风孔。
[0048] 线路板12上装有导热板2,导热板2包括导热区21和换热区22,导热区21和换热区 22为整体结构，导热区21固定在线路板12上与大功率发热元器件13接触，换热区22位于线 路板12的外侧，且远离线路板12,换热区22穿过插孔位于换热室16内。导热板2与大功率发 热元器件13之间还装有导热桂脂。导热桂脂减少大功率发热元器13件与导热板2之间的空 隙，使热量的传导更加顺畅，提高导热效果。
[0049]冷却管71嵌合在导热板2的换热区22,冷却管71内装有冷却水，冷却管71的一端为 进水口，另一端为出水口，进水口和出水口分别位于换热区22的两侧，冷却管71的进水口装 有公快速接头73，出水口装有母快速接头72。
[0050] 进水口和出水口之间装有冷却装置，冷却装置冷却从冷却管n出来的高温水。冷 却装置为制冷机。
[0051] 实施例二
[0052] 如图1和图2所示，水冷式线路板散热装置，包括机箱11、导热板2、冷却管71和冷却 装置。
[0053] 机箱11内设有插槽15,线路板I2的两侧插在插槽15内；线路板I2不少于两个，多个 线路板12竖直并排布置。机箱11的一端设有换热室16,机箱11与换热室16之间设有隔板14， 隔板14上设有插孔，插孔将机箱11与换热室16连通;换热室16还设有通风孔。
[0054]线路板I2上装有导热板2,导热板2包括导热区21和换热区22,导热区21和换热区 22为整体结构，导热区21固定在线路板12上与大功率发热元器件13接触，换热区22位于线 路板12的外侧，且远离线路板I2,换热区22穿过插孔位于换热室16内。导热板2与大功率发 热元器件13之间还装有导热硅脂。导热硅脂减少大功率发热元器13件与导热板2之间的空 隙，使热量的传导更加顺畅，提高导热效果。
[0055] 冷却管"71嵌合在导热板2的换热区22,冷却管"71内装有冷却水，冷却管71的一端为 进水口，另一端为出水口，进水口和出水口分别位于换热区22的两侧，冷却管71的进水口装 有公快速接头73,出水口装有母快速接头72。
[0056]机箱11的一端装有水箱61，机箱11与水箱61相对的一面设有导向定位销17,水箱 61上设有销钉孔63,导向定位销17插在销钉孔63中；水箱61内部设有隔板62,隔板62将水箱 61分成进水腔66和出水腔67,进水腔66上装有母快速接头72和进水接头65,出水腔67上装 有公快速接头73和出水接头64,冷却管71上的公快速接头73与进水腔66上的母快速接头72 对接，冷却管71上的母快速接头72与出水腔67上的公快速接头73对接；出水接头64和进水 接头65之间装有冷却装置，冷却装置为制冷机。
[0057] 实施例三
[0058] 如图1、图2、图3和图4所示，在上述实施例一或实施例二的基础上，导热板2为复合 板，包括导热底板32和导热顶板31，导热底板32和导热顶板31层叠在一起。导热顶板31与导 热底板32之间装有冷却管71，导热顶板31与导热底板32之间还设有封闭的导热槽，导热槽 从导热区21延伸至换热区22的冷却管71的一侧，导热槽内装有导热工质。导热工质为相变 抑制材料。
[0059] 导热槽包括多个平行的横向槽51和纵向槽52,冷却管71为S形，横向槽51从导热区 21延伸到S形冷却管71的槽中，纵向槽52与横向槽51垂直，横向槽51与纵向槽52相交形成整 体互通的网格状。
[0060] 导热底板32和导热顶板31为铝板，并且表面设有阳极氧化层。
[0061]实施例四
[0062] 如图1、图2、图5和图6所示，在上述实施例一或实施例二的基础上，导热板2为复合 板，包括导热底板32和导热顶板31，导热底板32和导热顶板31层叠在一起。导热顶板31与导 热底板32之间装有冷却管71，导热顶板31与导热底板32之间还设有封闭的导热槽，导热槽 从导热区21延伸至换热区22的冷却管H的一侧，导热槽内装有导热工质。导热工质为相变 抑制材料。
[0063] 导热槽为多边形的凸起41，凸起41向导热顶板31和导热底板32的外侧凸，凸起41 形成导热工质的容纳空间。多个凸起41相互连通形成网状或蜂窝状。
[0064] 冷却管71包括多个冷却支管，冷却支管M4沿导热板2的边缘布置，冷却支管A"74围 绕整个导热板2,冷却支管B75穿过导热板2的中间区域，冷却支管B?5降低导热板2中间区域 的温度。 _
[0065] 导热底板32和导热顶板31为铝板，并且表面设有阳极氧化层。
Claims (10)
1.水冷式线路板散热装置，其特征在于，包括机箱（li)、导热板(2)、冷却管(n)和冷却 装置;所述机箱(11)的内部装有线路板(12)，机箱（11)的一端设有换热室(16)，机箱(11)与 换热室（16)之间设有隔板(14)，隔板（14)上设有插孔，插孔将机箱（11)与换热室（16)连通， 所述导热板(2)包括导热区（21)和换热区（22)，导热区（21)和换热区（22)为整体结构，所述 导热区（21)固定在线路板（I2)上与大功率发热兀器件（I3)接触，换热区（2¾位于线路板 (12)的外侧，且远离线路板（12)，换热区（22)穿过插孔位于换热室（16)内； 所述冷却管(n)嵌合在换热区（22)，冷却管(n)内装有冷却水，冷却管(n)的一端为 进水口，另一端为出水口，进水口和出水口分别位于换热区（2¾的两侧，进水口和出水口之 间装有冷却装置，冷却装置冷却从冷却管m)出来的高温水。
2. 根据权利要求1所述的水冷式线路板散热装置，其特征在于，所述机箱（11)内的线路 板(12)不少于两个，多个线路板(12)水平层叠或竖直并排布置，所述导热板(2)数量与线路 板（12)数量一致;所述冷却管(71)的进水口装有公快速接头(73)，出水口装有母快速接头 (72) 。
3. 根据权利要求2所述的水冷式线路板散热装置，其特征在于，所述机箱（11)内设有多 个插槽(15)，线路板(12)的两侧插在插槽(15)内；机箱(11)的一端装有水箱(61)，机箱(11) 与水箱(61)相对的一面设有导向定位销（17)，水箱(61)上设有销钉孔(63)，导向定位销 (17)插在销钉孔(63)中； 所述水箱（61)内部设有隔板（62)，隔板（62)将水箱（61)分成进水腔（66)和出水腔 (67)，进水腔(66)上装有母快速接头(72)和进水接头(65)，出水腔(67)上装有公快速接头 (73) 和出水接头(64)，冷却管(71)上的公快速接头(73)与进水腔(66)上的母快速接头(72) 对接，冷却管(71)上的母快速接头(72)与出水腔(67)上的公快速接头(73)对接； 出水接头(64)和进水接头¢5)之间装有冷却装置，冷却装置为冷风机或制冷机;换热 室（16)还设有通风孔。
4. 根据权利要求1或2所述的水冷式线路板散热装置，其特征在于，所述导热板(2)为复 合板，包括不少于一个的导热底板(32)和导热顶板(31)，导热底板(32)和导热顶板C31)层 叠在一起，导热底板(32)与导热顶板(31)之间装有导热工质和冷却管m)。
5. 根据权利要求4所述的水冷式线路板散热装置，其特征在于，所述导热顶板(31)与导 热底板(32)之间设有封闭的导热槽，导热槽从导热区（21)延伸至换热区（22)的冷却管(71) 的一侧，导热槽内装有导热工质;所述导热槽设有一个或不少于两个，导热槽不少于两个时 导热槽规则或不规则分布。
6. 根据权利要求5所述的水冷式线路板散热装置，其特征在于，所述导热槽设有多个， 导热槽规则分布，且相邻的导热槽相互连通。 u
7.根据权利要求6所述的水冷式线路板散热装置，其特征在于，所述导热槽包括多个平 行的横向槽(51)和纵向槽(52)，所述冷却管(71)为S形， 所述横向槽(51)从导热区（21)延伸到S形冷却管(71)的槽中，所述纵向槽(52)与横向 槽(51)垂直，横向槽(51)与纵向槽(52)相交形成整体互通的网格状。 、 ,
8.根据权利要求6所述的水冷式线路板散热装置，其特征在于，所述导热槽为多边形 槽，多个多边形槽相互连通形成网状或蜂窝状;所述冷却管(71)包括多个冷却^管，冷 管A (74)沿导热板(2)的边缘布置，冷却支管A C74)围绕整个导热板(2)，冷却支管8 (75)穿1 导热板⑵的中间区域，冷卻入曰D 降低导热板⑵中间区域的温度。
9. 根据权利要求5至8任一项所述的水冷式线路板散热装置，其特征在于，所述导热槽 为开设在导热顶板(31)或导热底板(犯)或导热顶板(31)和导热底板(32)上的槽;或导热槽 为凸起(41)，凸起(41)形成导热工质的容纳空间，凸起(41)设在导热顶板(31)或导热底板 (32)或导热顶板(31)和导热底板(32)上，所述凸起(41)向导热板⑵的外侧凸。
10. 根据权利要求4所述的水冷式线路板散热装置，其特征在于，所述导热底板(32)和 导热顶板(31)为铝板、铜板或不锈钢板中的一种;所述铝板或铜板的表面设有阳极氧化层。
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