CN207797722U - A kind of Verticle gas vacuum drying oven - Google Patents
A kind of Verticle gas vacuum drying oven Download PDFInfo
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- CN207797722U CN207797722U CN201721512219.5U CN201721512219U CN207797722U CN 207797722 U CN207797722 U CN 207797722U CN 201721512219 U CN201721512219 U CN 201721512219U CN 207797722 U CN207797722 U CN 207797722U
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Abstract
The utility model is related to a kind of Verticle gas vacuum drying ovens.The vacuum drying oven includes vacuum furnace body and combustion system；Vacuum furnace body includes reative cell, condensation chamber and condenser pipe, is separated by heat shield between reative cell and condensation chamber；It is vacuum state in reative cell, is located at the lower part of vacuum furnace body, hollow material container is set in reative cell, material container is for stacking material；One end of condenser pipe is located in condensation chamber, and the other end is communicated across heat shield with the inside of material container；Combustion system includes combustion chamber and burner；Combustion chamber is located in reative cell, along vacuum furnace body madial wall circumferentially, burner along vacuum furnace body lateral wall circumferentially, burner is connect with combustion chamber pipeline；Burner is passed through fuel gas；Combustion system is used to provide heat to reative cell.The utility model carries out combustion heat supplying using combustion gas as fuel, reduces the cost of vacuum melting technique, improves combustion gas utilization rate, reduce the discharge of the gases such as nitride, technical economic benefit is huge, and environmental-protecting performance is superior.
Description
Technical field
The utility model generally relates to metallurgical technology field, and in particular to a kind of Verticle gas vacuum drying oven.
Background technology
Existing vacuum drying oven is based on electrical heating.Electricity is secondary energy sources, and the generating efficiency of general fuel is 30%-35%,
The thermal efficiency of electric energy is generally 80%-85%, thus the fuel electric energy thermal efficiency be 25% or so (<30%), energy consumption is higher.It is vertical
Formula electrothermal vacuum stove is made to generate vacuum in stove by equipment such as vacuum pumps, handles material, the metal generated in crucible under vacuum
Steam rises along condenser pipe, is collected to obtain on the condensate pans of condensation tube wall and top.
High temperature air combustion technology (HTACT) is the efficient, energy-saving and environmental protection type advanced of the rapid development nineties in the world
Combustion technology.Compared with conventional heating technique, high temperature air combustion technology can make air pre- by regenerative waste heat recycle of high temperature flue gas
The 95% of Re Wenduda flue-gas temperatures, combustion thermal efficiency may be up to 80% or more.High temperature air combustion technology is burnt by HATC
Mouth and retracting device energy saving 60% or more can reduce by 60% or more CO discharges, while high temperature air combustion technology realizes oxygen-depleted zone
Domain is burnt, and NOx emission is made to substantially reduce, and is the l/15-1/20 of conventional heating technique.In addition high temperature air combustion technology burning is made an uproar
Sound is low, alleviates noise pollution.
High temperature air combustion technology has developed several high-temperature air burning devices (heat-accumulating burner heating system), Japan,
The U.S., Europe have been used for producing, and maturation has been attained in the development and application of the technology, and technical economic benefit is notable.China was in recent years
Several heat-accumulating burners and burner system have been developed in the technical field, and have been successfully applied to industrial production, technology
Economic benefit is huge, and environmental-protecting performance is superior.
Therefore, it uses high temperature air combustion technology that can effectively reduce energy consumption in a vacuum furnace, improves energy utilization rate.
Utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of Verticle gas vacuum drying oven and using at this Verticle gas vacuum drying oven
The method for managing material.
The utility model provides a kind of Verticle gas vacuum drying oven, including：Vacuum furnace body and combustion system；
The vacuum furnace body includes reative cell, condensation chamber and condenser pipe, is passed through between the reative cell and the condensation chamber
Heat shield separates；It is vacuum state in the reative cell, is located at the lower part of the vacuum furnace body, is set in the reative cell hollow
Material container, the material container is for stacking material；One end of the condenser pipe is located in the condensation chamber, and the other end passes through
The heat shield is communicated with the inside of the material container；
The combustion system includes combustion chamber and burner；The combustion chamber is located in the reative cell, along the vacuum drying oven
The madial wall of body circumferentially, and surrounds lateral wall week of the circumferentially disposed burner of the material container along the vacuum furnace body
To arrangement, the burner is connect with the combustion chamber pipeline；The burner is passed through fuel gas；
The combustion system is used to provide heat to the reative cell.
Further, the combustion system includes using double heat storage type combustion system, the double heat storage type combustion system：It is left
Regenerative chamber, right regenerative chamber and reversal valve；
The left regenerative chamber connects the burner, the left regenerative chamber and the right side with the right regenerative chamber by pipeline
Regenerative chamber connects the reversal valve by pipeline, and the fuel gas enters the left regenerative chamber or institute by the reversal valve
State right regenerative chamber；The reversal valve controls the flow direction of the fuel gas, same time, and the fuel gas can only flow to described
Left regenerative chamber or the right regenerative chamber.
Further, the material container is graphite material.
Further, insulating brick is equipped between the combustion chamber and the madial wall of the vacuum furnace body, the insulating brick is thick
Degree is 100mm-120mm.
Further, the fuel gas is coke-stove gas.
Further, the ratio between the reative cell and the height of the condensation chamber are (4-6):3；
The condensation chamber includes condensate pans；The condensate pans are located at the top of the condensation chamber, with the vacuum furnace body
Side wall forms enclosure space together, and the condensate pans are equipped with boss, the high 3mm-5mm of boss, towards in the condensation chamber,
Condenser pipe described in face.
Further, the condensate pans are hollow-core construction, and the inside of the condensate pans leads to cooling water.
Further, the distance between the condenser pipe and the boss are 5mm-7mm.
The Verticle gas vacuum drying oven of the utility model carries out combustion heat supplying using combustion gas as fuel, reduces vacuum metling
The cost of technology recycles the heat in high-temperature flue gas using regenerative combustion technology, improves combustion gas utilization
Rate, while the discharge of the pernicious gases such as nitride is reduced, and also equipment is simple, investment is small, at low cost, production process is environmentally friendly,
Technical economic benefit is huge, and environmental-protecting performance is superior.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the diagrammatic cross-section of the utility model Verticle gas vacuum drying oven.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of double heat storage type combustion system.
Reference sign：
101- reative cells；
102- condensation chambers；
1021- condensate pans；
103- condenser pipes；
104- heat shields；
105- material containers；
106- insulating bricks；
The combustion chambers 201-；
202- burners；
30- fuel gas；
The left regenerative chambers of 401-；
The right regenerative chambers of 402-；
403- reversal valves；
50- cooling waters；
60- vacuum pumps.
Specific implementation mode
Below in conjunction with drawings and examples, specific embodiment of the present utility model is described in more details, with
Just the advantages of better understood when the embodiment of the utility model and its various aspects.However, specific implementations described below
Mode and embodiment are for illustrative purposes only, rather than limitations of the present invention.
The Verticle gas vacuum drying oven of the utility model includes mainly：Vacuum drying oven and combustion system.As shown in Figure 1, vacuum drying oven
Including reative cell 101, condensation chamber 102 and condenser pipe 103.Between reative cell 101 and condensation chamber 102 by heat shield 104 every
It opens.It is vacuum state in reative cell 101, is located at the lower part of vacuum drying oven, hollow material container 105, material are set in reative cell 101
Container 105 is for stacking material.One end of condenser pipe 103 is located in condensation chamber 102, and the other end passes through heat shield 104 and material
The inside of container 105 communicates.
Vacuum state can be formed by vacuum equipment in reative cell 101, to handle material under vacuum conditions.Such as Fig. 2 institutes
Show, make to form vacuum in reative cell 101 by vacuum pump 60, vacuum environment is provided for material processing.
Combustion system includes combustion chamber 201 and burner 202；Combustion chamber 201 is located in reative cell 101, along vacuum drying oven
Side wall circumferentially, burner 202 along vacuum drying oven lateral wall circumferentially, burner 202 is connect with 201 pipeline of combustion chamber；Burner
202 are passed through fuel gas 30.
The burning in combustion chamber 201 of fuel gas 30 provides heat to reative cell 101, and the flue gas for generation of burning passes through pipe
Road is discharged.With the raising of temperature in reative cell 101, the material in material container 105 reacts, and generates gaseous metal,
Enter in condensation chamber 102 along condenser pipe 103, the condensation-crystallization in condensation chamber 102.
In order to further increase the combustion utilization efficiency of fuel gas 30, the utility model uses double heat storage type combustion system,
As shown in Fig. 2, double heat storage type combustion system includes left regenerative chamber 401, right regenerative chamber 402 and reversal valve 403.Left regenerative chamber 401
Burner 202 is connected by pipeline with right regenerative chamber 402.Left regenerative chamber 401 connects commutation with right regenerative chamber 402 by pipeline
Valve 403.Fuel gas 30 enters left regenerative chamber 401 or right regenerative chamber 402 by reversal valve 403；Reversal valve 403 controls combustible gas
The flow direction of body 30, same time, fuel gas 30 can only flow to left regenerative chamber 401 or right regenerative chamber 402.
For example, coke-stove gas or natural gas can be used as fuel gas 30.It can first with the control of reversal valve 403
Combustion gas body 30 flows to left regenerative chamber 401, and fuel gas 30 enters combustion chamber 201 by left regenerative chamber 401 and burns, generation of burning
High-temperature flue gas is full of reative cell, improves the temperature of reative cell, and later, flue gas is again by flue gas after right regenerative chamber 402 recycles heat
Pipeline is discharged.After 120 seconds, reversal valve 403 is made to act, control fuel gas 30 flows to right regenerative chamber 402, and fuel gas 30 passes through
Right regenerative chamber 402 enters combustion chamber 201 and burns, and the high-temperature flue gas for generation of burning is full of reative cell, improves the temperature of reative cell, it
Afterwards, flue gas is discharged after left regenerative chamber 401 recycles heat by flue again.Repeatedly, alternately burning, accumulation of heat, pole
The big utilization ratio for improving fuel gas 30.
Since graphite has good heat resistance and stability, in field of metallurgy extensive use, therefore the utility model
Material container 105 uses graphite material.Material is placed in material container 105, as 101 temperature of reative cell gradually rises, object
Material in material container 105 gradually reacts.For reduce reative cell 101 in heat losses, in combustion chamber 201 and vacuum drying oven
Insulating layer is set between the madial wall of body, insulating brick 106 may be used in insulating layer.
The temperature that insulating layer is also prevented from furnace wall simultaneously is excessively high.In order to protect furnace wall, can also be arranged in furnace wall surrounding
On the one hand cooling water pipe can prevent furnace wall temperature excessively high, on the other hand it is also possible that after reaction can be rapid in furnace body
Cooling.
Since reative cell 101 is the place as material reaction, occupies most of space of vacuum furnace body, compare
It is desirable that the ratio between reative cell 101 and the height of condensation chamber 102 are (4-6):3.In general, lower part reative cell 101 is condensed with top
Room 102 occupies the ratio between furnace inner space and is about 5:3.
Condensation chamber 102 further includes condensate pans 1021.As seen from the figure, condensate pans 1021 are located at the top of condensation chamber 102, and true
The side wall of empty furnace body forms enclosure space, i.e. condensation chamber 102 together.Boss is equipped on condensate pans 1021, the boss is towards cold
In solidifying room 102, face condenser pipe 103.For boss height between 3mm-5mm, the vertical range between condenser pipe 103 is 5mm-
Between 7mm.
Metallic vapour crystallization in condensation chamber 102 in from condenser pipe 103 out, at this point, boss provides a nucleation
Center makes metallic vapour be easier crystallization nucleation.It in a certain range by the control of the distance between boss and condenser pipe 103, can
The diffusion in condensation chamber 102 to avoid metallic vapour, convenient for collecting metal sample.The Verticle gas vacuum drying oven institute of the utility model
The condensate pans 1021 used can be hollow-core construction, can also be passed through cooling water 50 (as shown in Figure 2) in inside and be cooled down,
It is more advantageous to the crystallization nucleation of metallic vapour.
When being handled material using electrothermal vacuum drying oven shown in Fig. 1, first, material is put into material container 105；It will
Fuel gas 30 is passed through combustion chamber 201 by burner 202, and burns.The heat that the burning of fuel gas 30 generates improves
The temperature of reative cell 101 makes material react in material container 105, generates gaseous metal.Gaseous metal is along condenser pipe
103 enter condensation chamber 102, the condensation-crystallization in condensation chamber 102；The flue gas that the burning of fuel gas 30 generates is arranged by flue
Go out.
It is treated in journey to material, control reversal valve 403 makes fuel gas 30 flow to left regenerative chamber 401, then leads to
Burner 202 is crossed to burn into combustion chamber 201.The flue gas that burning generates is looped around the surrounding of reative cell 101, to improve reaction
Temperature in room 101 is discharged after right regenerative chamber 402 recycles heat by flue later.
After 120 seconds, control reversal valve 403 makes fuel gas 30 flow to right regenerative chamber 402, then is entered by burner 202 and fired
It burns room 201 to burn, then is discharged by flue after left regenerative chamber 401 recycles heat；Repeatedly, alternately.
Low energy consumption compared with electrothermal vacuum drying oven for the Verticle gas vacuum drying oven of the utility model, reduces vacuum melting technique
Cost the heat in high-temperature flue gas is recycled using regenerative combustion technology, improve combustion gas utilization rate,
And equipment is simple, investment is small, at low cost, production process is environmentally friendly.
Embodiment one
In a wherein embodiment, using the technique of the Verticle gas vacuum drying oven metal smelting of the utility model, by material
(coking coal and magnesia) is levigate to -200 mesh respectively, then by magnesia and coking coal according to 1:The ratio mixing of 2 (molar ratios) is equal
After even, with tablet press machine with the pressure compression moulding of 8MPa.It is graphite crucible that material after compression moulding, which is packed into material container 105,
In, then graphite crucible is put into vacuum drying oven, vacuum will be extracted in vacuum drying oven to 40MPa or so using vacuum pump 60.
After material processing is ready, fuel gas 30 is passed through into combustion chamber 201, in the present embodiment, by air and
After natural gas mixing combustion chamber 201 is passed through as fuel gas 30.First, control reversal valve 403 makes fuel gas 30 be passed through a left side
Regenerative chamber 401 is burnt in combustion chamber 201, and the high-temperature flue gas for generation of burning is full of 101 surrounding of reative cell is looped around, instead
Indoor 101 temperature are answered to increase.Then, flue gas is discharged after right regenerative chamber 402 recycles heat by flue again.
After 120S, control reversal valve 403 makes fuel gas 30 flow into right regenerative chamber 402, after being preheated to 500 DEG C or more, so
Enter afterwards and participate in burning in combustion chamber 201, the high-temperature flue gas for generation of burning improves reaction full of 101 surrounding of reative cell is looped around
Then temperature in room 101 is discharged after left regenerative chamber 401 recycles heat, then through flue.So alternately burn,
Preheating, burning, temperature in reative cell 101 is increased, and control heating rate is first warming up to 1073K and keeps the temperature in 11K/min or so
30min carries out close-burning, is further continued for being heated to reaction temperature, keeps the temperature 3 hours and carry out carbothermic reduction reaction.In the process, material
Carbothermic reduction reaction is carried out in graphite crucible, generates gaseous metal, enters condensation-crystallization in condensation chamber 102 along condenser pipe 103.
After taking out condensation-crystallization, the object phase of condensed product is analyzed using Rigaku D/max-3B types X-ray diffractions (XRD),
The pattern that condensed product is observed using Philips XL30ESEM-TMP types scanning electron microscope (SEM), uses energy disperse spectroscopy
(EDS) (EDAX produces PHOENTXTM) analysis condensed product surface-element content.It is calculated in condensing zone metal Mg according to following equation
Direct yield, and in this, as the technical indicator that effectively condenses of assessment Mg steams.
α=M/m × 100%
Wherein：α indicates direct yield/%；M indicates that condensing zone is collected into quality/g of metal Mg；M indicates restored gold
Belong to the quality of Mg.
Energy spectrum analysis shows that the content of metal Mg in condensate gradually increases, and can reach 90.05%.
Embodiment two
Distillation separation can be carried out to alloying metal, gold different in separation process is being evaporated in vacuo using the utility model
Accessory has different saturated vapour pressures, and metal volatilizees when saturated vapour pressure is more than system pressure, therefore at the same temperature
The metal volatilization small prior to saturated vapour pressure of the big metal of saturated vapour pressure.Using this principle, distillation point is carried out to alloying metal
From separating-purifying of the realization to different metal.Such as during carrying out distillation separating-purifying to lead and silver, in 1073~1473K
The saturated vapour pressure of temperature range lead and silver is increased with the raising of temperature, and vapo(u)rizing temperature is quantitatively improved according to Henry to be added
The volatilization of fast lead and silver.It can be seen that from the relationship of p*Pb/p*Ag：In the saturated vapour pressure of 1073~1373K temperature range lead
It is 140~1070 times of silver, it is 1070 times gradual higher than difference multiple after this temperature that the difference maximum point of multiple, which appears in 1073K,
Reduce 140 times when 1373K.
The saturated vapour pressure of lead and silver is calculated using following formula：
Lgp=nT-1+mlgT+kT+C
P is saturated vapour pressure, unit Pa in formula；T is temperature, unit K；Each system of metal vapor pressure and temperature relation
Number n, m, k, C are constant, Ke Yicong《Vacuum Metallurgy of Nonferrous Metals》It is checked in (wearing Yongnian work).
Therefore Pb-Ag alloys can be realized true in 1073~1373K temperature ranges according to the difference of lead, silver-colored saturated vapour pressure
Empty separating-purifying.
Vacuum distillation method has a preferable separating effect to the pb-ag alloy of heterogeneity, this method have equipment it is simple,
Invest the features such as small, production cost is low, production process is environmental-friendly.
Finally it should be noted that：Obviously, above-described embodiment is only intended to clearly illustrate the utility model example,
And it does not limit the embodiments.For those of ordinary skill in the art, may be used also on the basis of the above description
To make other variations or changes in different ways.There is no necessity and possibility to exhaust all the enbodiments.And thus
Among changes and variations that derived from are still in the scope of protection of the utility model.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of Verticle gas vacuum drying oven, which is characterized in that including：Vacuum furnace body and combustion system；
The vacuum furnace body includes reative cell, condensation chamber and condenser pipe, by heat-insulated between the reative cell and the condensation chamber
Cover separates；It is vacuum state in the reative cell, is located at the lower part of the vacuum furnace body, hollow material is set in the reative cell
Container, the material container is for stacking material；One end of the condenser pipe is located in the condensation chamber, and the other end passes through described
Heat shield is communicated with the inside of the material container；
The combustion system includes combustion chamber and burner；The combustion chamber is located in the reative cell, along the vacuum furnace body
Madial wall is circumferentially, and circumferentially disposed around the material container, and the burner is circumferential along the lateral wall of the vacuum furnace body
Arrangement, the burner are connect with the combustion chamber pipeline；The burner is passed through fuel gas；
The combustion system is used to provide heat to the reative cell.
2. Verticle gas vacuum drying oven according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the combustion system is fired using double heat storage type
Burning system, the double heat storage type combustion system include：Left regenerative chamber, right regenerative chamber and reversal valve；
The left regenerative chamber connects the burner, the left regenerative chamber and the right accumulation of heat with the right regenerative chamber by pipeline
Room connects the reversal valve by pipeline, and the fuel gas enters the left regenerative chamber or the right side by the reversal valve
Regenerative chamber；The reversal valve controls the flow direction of the fuel gas, same time, and the fuel gas can only flow to the left storage
Hot cell or the right regenerative chamber.
3. Verticle gas vacuum drying oven according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the material container is graphite material.
4. Verticle gas vacuum drying oven according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the combustion chamber and the vacuum furnace body
Insulating brick is equipped between madial wall, the insulating brick thickness is 100mm-120mm.
5. Verticle gas vacuum drying oven according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the fuel gas is coke-stove gas.
6. Verticle gas vacuum drying oven according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the height of the reative cell and the condensation chamber
The ratio between degree is (4-6):3；
The condensation chamber includes condensate pans；The condensate pans are located at the top of the condensation chamber, the side wall with the vacuum furnace body
Forming enclosure space together, the condensate pans are equipped with boss, the high 3mm-5mm of boss, towards in the condensation chamber, face
The condenser pipe.
7. Verticle gas vacuum drying oven according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the condensate pans are hollow-core construction, described
The inside of condensate pans leads to cooling water.
8. Verticle gas vacuum drying oven according to claim 6, which is characterized in that between the condenser pipe and the boss
Distance is 5mm-7mm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201721512219.5U CN207797722U (en) | 2017-11-13 | 2017-11-13 | A kind of Verticle gas vacuum drying oven |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201721512219.5U CN207797722U (en) | 2017-11-13 | 2017-11-13 | A kind of Verticle gas vacuum drying oven |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN207797722U true CN207797722U (en) | 2018-08-31 |
Family
ID=63285567
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201721512219.5U Expired - Fee Related CN207797722U (en) | 2017-11-13 | 2017-11-13 | A kind of Verticle gas vacuum drying oven |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN207797722U (en) |
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2017
- 2017-11-13 CN CN201721512219.5U patent/CN207797722U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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