CN104101225A - System and method for increasing comprehensive utilization ratio of tail gas of calcium carbide furnace - Google Patents
System and method for increasing comprehensive utilization ratio of tail gas of calcium carbide furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN104101225A CN104101225A CN201410344096.3A CN201410344096A CN104101225A CN 104101225 A CN104101225 A CN 104101225A CN 201410344096 A CN201410344096 A CN 201410344096A CN 104101225 A CN104101225 A CN 104101225A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a system and a method for increasing comprehensive utilization ratio of tail gas of a calcium carbide furnace, and relates to the field of recycling of tail gas of calcium carbide furnaces. The system comprises tail gas purifying equipment, tail gas combustion equipment, steam utilization equipment, an ash collecting device and waste liquid recycling equipment, wherein the tail gas purifying equipment is connected with the tail gas combustion equipment and the steam utilization equipment; the tail gas combustion equipment is connected with the steam utilization equipment and the waste liquid recycling equipment; the tail gas purifying equipment comprises a tail gas afterheat recycling device, a dust removal device and a decoking device; the tail gas combustion equipment comprises a combustor, a boiler, a smoke afterheat recycling device, an induced draft fan and a chimney; the tail gas afterheat recycling device, the dust removal device, the decoking device, the combustor, the boiler, the smoke afterheat recycling device, the induced draft fan and the chimney are sequentially connected to one another; and a plurality of heat storage bricks which are made of rare earth are arranged in the boiler, and are stacked in a cellular manner. The system is environment-friendly; the economic value of the tail gas of the calcium carbide furnace can be improved; and the utilization ratio of the tail gas of the calcium carbide furnace can be increased.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to calcium carbide stove exhaust and recycle field, be specifically related to a kind of for improving the system and method for calcium carbide stove exhaust comprehensive utilization ratio.
Background technology
Existing calcium carbide production method is generally electrothermal way, quick lime and carbon raw material (coke, anthracite or petroleum coke) are dropped into furnace of calcium carbide, use electric arc to produce high temperature, at high temperature quick lime and carbon raw material melt and react, generate calcium carbide, 1 ton of calcium carbide of every production can produce about 400Nm
3calcium carbide stove exhaust.
The main component of calcium carbide stove exhaust comprises flue gas and dust, and flue gas comprises 75～82% CO, 5～15% H
2, 1.5～5% CO
2, 7.5～8.5% N
2, 0.15～0.3 O
2with 1.5～2% tar; Dust comprises 34.07% C, 40.1% MgO, 4.84% Al
2o
3, 1.46% Fe
2o
3with 10.04% SiO
2.
Present stage, it is emptying that torch is lighted by calcium carbide stove exhaust conventionally by enterprise, or the calcium carbide stove exhaust not purifying is used as to fuel, for the required thermal source of lime burner furnace or as the fuel drying material of hot-blast stove, the calcium carbide stove exhaust of preliminary purification produces saturated vapor for heat energy power-generating as fuel; Calcium carbide stove exhaust after purifying is used as to carbon one chemical industry, as unstripped gas such as sodium formate, formic acid.
There is following defect in existing calcium carbide stove exhaust processing method:
(1) after calcium carbide stove exhaust combustion, can produce and contain in a large number NO
2, SO
2and SO
3sour gas, sour gas enters after atmosphere and soil, easily contaminated environment.
(2) using calcium carbide stove exhaust as fuel, dry the thermal source of ore, the polymerization kiln in phosphate production system, or as the fuel drying material of hot-blast stove, due to drying material and polymerization kiln thermal source less energy intensive, only account for 30% of the total quantity of heat production of calcium carbide stove exhaust, therefore most of calcium carbide stove exhaust can only fire empty discharge, and the utilization rate of calcium carbide stove exhaust is lower.
(3) after purifying, calcium carbide stove exhaust is used for carbon one chemical industry as unstripped gas, while producing as sodium formate, formic acid etc., because the purification cost of calcium carbide stove exhaust is higher, add and limit by technology, domestic developed carbon one chemical products added value is lower at present, therefore, use calcium carbide stove exhaust lower as the economic worth of synthesis material, the product production capacity of carbon one chemical industry is seriously superfluous, and product discontinuance or discontinuity are produced, and the utilization rate of calcium carbide stove exhaust is lower.
(4) calcium carbide stove exhaust is produced to low-pressure saturated steam as boiler oil, calcium carbide production link is very little with heat, does not substantially consider the consumption of heat energy; Can cause saturated vapor to waste, when saturated vapor is used for generating electricity, generating efficiency is lower, saturated vapor easily causes turbine vane cavitation simultaneously, and due to complicated in calcium carbide stove exhaust, the gas middle acid substance after burning is more, corrosivity is stronger, easily corrosion boiler, therefore, utilizes the cost of calcium carbide stove exhaust generating higher.
Summary of the invention
For the defect existing in prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind ofly for improving the system and method for calcium carbide stove exhaust comprehensive utilization ratio, relatively environmental protection, can improve the economic worth of calcium carbide stove exhaust, improve the utilization rate of calcium carbide stove exhaust, improve the generating efficiency of calcium carbide stove exhaust.
For reaching above object, the technical scheme that the present invention takes is: a kind of for improving the system of calcium carbide stove exhaust comprehensive utilization ratio, comprise exhaust gas purification equipment, exhaust combustion equipment, steam utilization equipment, receive apparatus for ash and waste liquid reclaimer, described exhaust gas purification equipment and exhaust combustion equipment, steam utilization equipment connection, exhaust combustion equipment is connected with steam utilization equipment, waste liquid reclaimer;
Exhaust gas purification equipment comprises high-temperature dust removing device, exhaust waste heat recovery device, low temperature dust arrester, coke removing appts and receipts apparatus for ash, and exhaust combustion equipment comprises combustor, boiler, flue gas waste heat recovery apparatus, air-introduced machine and chimney; Described high-temperature dust removing device, exhaust waste heat recovery device, low temperature dust arrester, coke removing appts, combustor, boiler, flue gas waste heat recovery apparatus, air-introduced machine are connected in turn with chimney, and described high-temperature dust removing device, exhaust waste heat recovery device and low temperature dust arrester are all connected with receipts apparatus for ash;
The arranged outside of described boiler has gas outlet valve, and gas outlet valve comprises main gas transferring port and a gas transferring port; The inside of described boiler is provided with the gitter brick that some employing rare earths are made, and some gitter bricks are put into cellular;
Described steam utilization equipment comprises steam generating system, sub-cylinder steam and heating system, and sub-cylinder steam is connected with heating system; The main gas transferring port of described gas outlet valve is connected with steam generating system, and gas transferring port is connected with sub-cylinder steam, between described gas transferring port and sub-cylinder steam, is provided with reducing-and-cooling plant;
Described exhaust waste heat recovery device, flue gas waste heat recovery apparatus are all connected with heating system by sub-cylinder steam; Described flue gas waste heat recovery apparatus, air-introduced machine and chimney are all connected with waste liquid reclaimer.
On the basis of technique scheme, described combustor comprises combustion head, and the arranged outside of combustor is useful on Gas Pipe and the air duct being used in conjunction with combustion head, and the inside of combustion head is provided with burner;
Combustion head comprises gas inlet end and air inlet end, gas inlet end is connected with Gas Pipe, air inlet end is connected with air duct, between air inlet end and air duct, be provided with air blast switch, for the electric adjustable air-valve of regulating gas and AIR Proportional, air blast switch is electrically connected to electric adjustable air-valve; Between gas inlet end and Gas Pipe, be disposed with electric control valve, pneumatic cut-off valve and film resultant pressure table, gas inlet end is connected part and is provided with gaseous-pressure switch with Gas Pipe, and the bottom of gaseous-pressure switch is provided with blowoff valve;
Burner comprises the mouth heart and sleeve, and jacket casing is connected to the outside of the mouth heart, and the cross section of sleeve is the annular that external diameter is 30～70mm, and the cross section of the mouth heart is the circle that radius is 20～50mm; Sleeve has some airports, and the mouth heart has some fuel gas holes, the area of all airports: the area of all fuel gas holes is 2:1～3:1.
On the basis of technique scheme, the arranged outside of described combustion head has fire observation window, the arranged outside of fire observation window has flame detector and gas ignition rifle, the arranged outside of gas ignition rifle has the moving valve of igniter gas and air magnetic valve, air magnetic valve is connected with compressed air line, and igniting pneumatic operated valve is connected with liquefied gas pipeline.
On the basis of technique scheme, described boiler comprises burner hearth, superheater and convection device, and burner hearth is connected with convection device by superheater, and described gitter brick is arranged at the inside of burner hearth; The inwall of burner hearth is provided with the first heat-exchanging tube bundle, the inside of convection device is provided with the second heat-exchanging tube bundle, the inside of superheater is provided with superheater tube, and superheater tube comprises admission end and steam output end, and the first heat-exchanging tube bundle, the second heat-exchanging tube bundle are all connected with the admission end of superheater tube; The steam output end of superheater tube is connected with the gas outlet valve that is arranged at superheater top.
On the basis of technique scheme, the area of described all airports: the area of all fuel gas holes is 2.5:1.
Based on for improving a method for the system of calcium carbide stove exhaust comprehensive utilization ratio, comprise the following steps:
S1: by calcium carbide stove exhaust by high-temperature dust removing device and exhaust waste heat recovery device after, obtain saturated vapor, low temperature exhaust gas and ash, saturated vapor is passed into sub-cylinder steam, low temperature exhaust gas is passed into low temperature dust arrester and coke removing appts successively, be purified tail gas and ash; The ash that high-temperature dust removing device, exhaust waste heat recovery device and low temperature dust arrester are produced all imports receipts apparatus for ash;
S2: cleaning of off-gas is passed into combustor, regulate the electric adjustable air-valve adjusting of combustor to enter air pressure and the flow in burner, cleaning of off-gas revolves mixed and is lighted by burning torch with air after entering burner, by the flow of motorized adjustment valve regulation cleaning of off-gas, make cleaning of off-gas sustained combustion in the burner hearth of boiler, gitter brick can absorb radiant energy the constantly accumulation of heat that burning produces, after gitter brick accumulation of heat, can make temperature in boiler furnace higher than 1200 ℃, the first heat-exchanging tube bundle in burner hearth, the second heat-exchanging tube bundle in convection device absorbs after heat energy, produce a large amount of saturated vapors, saturated vapor is after superheater is overheated, produce a large amount of superheated steams, set the minimum working pressure power P of sub-cylinder steam, P value scope is: 0.3MPa≤P≤0.5MPa, the operating pressure of judging sub-cylinder steam is greater than P, all superheated steams are all introduced to electricity generation system by the main gas transferring port of gas outlet valve,
S3: the low-heat flue gas after cleaning of off-gas burning is introduced to waste-heat recovery device, and low-heat flue gas carries out secondary heat exchange in waste-heat recovery device, obtains saturated vapor, the first waste gas and the first acid solution; Saturated vapor is introduced to sub-cylinder steam, and sub-cylinder steam is inputted heating system by saturated vapor, and the first acid solution is entered to waste liquid recovery apparatus;
S4: the first waste gas is imported to air-introduced machine, and air-introduced machine carries out centrifugal taking out to waste gas and draws, produces the second acid solution and the second waste gas, and the second acid solution is entered to waste liquid recovery apparatus, and the second waste gas is introduced to chimney;
S5: the second waste gas enters after chimney, continues cooling produce the 3rd acid solution and the 3rd waste gas at smoke pipe in the process rising, the 3rd waste gas is entered to atmosphere, and the 3rd acid solution enters waste liquid recovery apparatus.
On the basis of technique scheme, step S2 judges that the operating pressure of sub-cylinder steam is greater than P, after all superheated steams are all introduced to electricity generation system by the main gas transferring port of gas outlet valve, further comprising the steps of: the operating pressure of judging sub-cylinder steam is less than or equal to P, steam regulation electric control valve, by 10%～40% superheated steam, by a defeated vapour access reducing-and-cooling plant, reducing-and-cooling plant is converted into superheated steam after saturated vapor, and saturated vapor is accessed to sub-cylinder steam.
On the basis of technique scheme, further comprising the steps of after described step S5: the waste liquid in waste liquid reclaimer is as the base stock of chemical industry, for the production of nitrogenous fertilizer and industrial nitric acid salt.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) embodiment of the present invention for improving the system and method for calcium carbide stove exhaust comprehensive utilization ratio, waste gas utilization device can be that Lowlevel thermal energy meets production heat demand for producing steam by the effective and reasonable whole utilizations of all tail gas in calcium carbide production by electricity generation system and heating system, high level heat is for generating, reduce unit product productive power demand, reduce costs; Compare with direct emptying the setting off of tail gas a large amount of in prior art, can save a large amount of energy.
(2) combustor of the present invention comprises electric adjustable air-valve, it is 2:1～3:1 that electric adjustable air-valve can regulate the air distribution ratio of air and combustion gas, and airport is positioned at the periphery of fuel gas hole, air can fully mix with cleaning of off-gas, and the pressure regulation by air makes torch compact, and the friction that strengthens fuel and air, makes combustion flame remain high temperature blue flame, cleaning of off-gas can fully burn, and has effectively improved the burnout rate of calcium carbide stove exhaust, in boiler, be provided with the gitter brick that adopts rare earth to make, gitter brick is arranged to alveolate texture for strengthening heat accumulation, after gitter brick accumulation of heat, make temperature in boiler furnace higher than 1200 ℃, now, all fuel gas in tail gas can at high temperature can fully be burnt, when greatly having improved the burnout rate of cleaning of off-gas, effectively strengthened the absorption of burner hearth to radiations heat energy, improved the thermal efficiency of boiler, produce a large amount of superheated steams, superheated steam can produce a large amount of electric energy after entering TRT, this electric energy can be used in the production of calcium carbide, effectively reduce the production cost of calcium carbide, improved the utilization rate of calcium carbide stove exhaust.
(3) embodiment of the present invention comprises receipts apparatus for ash and waste liquid reclaimer, receives apparatus for ash and can reclaim the ash that high-temperature dust removing device, exhaust waste heat recovery device and low temperature dust arrester produce, and ash can be as the raw material of manufacture of cement; The acid solution that waste liquid reclaimer can recovery waste heat retracting device, air-introduced machine and chimney produce, acid solution can be as the raw materials for production of downstream product, and downstream product comprises compound fertilizer and inorganic salt product etc.
With in prior art, directly ash, acid solution are entered to air and compare with sewage, reduced the environmental pollution that calcium carbide stove exhaust combustion brings, not only relatively environmental protection, and improved the economic benefit of calcium carbide stove exhaust comprehensive utilization.
(4) embodiment of the present invention comprises boiler, boiler comprises burner hearth, superheater and convection device, the saturated vapor producing in burner hearth and convection device all can import superheater, and change into superheated steam by superheater, the top of superheater is provided with gas outlet valve, gas outlet valve comprises main gas transferring port and a gas transferring port, and main gas transferring port is connected with steam generating system, and a gas transferring port is connected with steam electric control valve, reducing-and-cooling plant, sub-cylinder steam successively by pipeline.The heat content of superheated steam is higher than the heat content of saturated vapor, so use superheated steam generation, generating efficiency is higher.
The in the situation that in production system, saturated vapor being under-supply, superheated steam can be converted into saturated vapor by reducing-and-cooling plant, saturated vapor can access in heating system by sub-cylinder steam, provides calcium carbide to produce required electric energy, improves the comprehensive utilization ratio of the energy; Effectively improved the utilization rate of boiler generation heat energy.
The electric energy of calcium carbide need of production per ton is 3230KW/h, using the calcium carbide stove exhaust producing in calcium carbide production process per ton as fuel, its heat energy is all for generation of steam, can produce 2 tons of low-pressure saturated steam (pressure 1.25MPa, 193 ℃ of temperature), heat energy produces superheated steam for generating, can be converted into 300KW/h electric energy, the electric energy producing is produced for calcium carbide, can effectively be reduced the production cost of calcium carbide enterprise.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that the present invention is for improving the structured flowchart of the system of calcium carbide stove exhaust comprehensive utilization ratio;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of combustor in the present invention.
In figure: 1-electric control valve, 2-pneumatic cut-off valve, 3-film resultant pressure table, 4-Gas Pipe, 5-gaseous-pressure switch, 6-blowoff valve, 7-electric adjustable air-valve, 8-blast switch, 9-air duct, 10-fire observation window, 11-combustion head.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is described in further detail.
Shown in Figure 1, it is a kind of for improving the system and method for calcium carbide stove exhaust comprehensive utilization ratio that the embodiment of the present invention provides, this system comprises exhaust gas purification equipment, exhaust combustion equipment, steam utilization equipment and waste liquid reclaimer, exhaust gas purification equipment and exhaust combustion equipment connection, steam utilization equipment connection, exhaust combustion equipment is connected with steam utilization equipment, waste liquid reclaimer.
Exhaust gas purification equipment comprises high-temperature dust removing device, exhaust waste heat recovery device, receipts apparatus for ash, low temperature dust arrester, coke removing appts, gas fan, gas holder, moisture trap and Safety water seal, in Safety water seal, be provided with wire gauzee filter, moisture trap comprises inlet end and exhaust end.
One end of high-temperature dust removing device is connected with calcium carbide stove exhaust pipe, the other end is connected with the inlet end of moisture trap and is connected with low temperature dust arrester, coke removing appts, gas fan, gas holder successively by exhaust gas heat recovery boiler, the exhaust end of moisture trap is connected with one end of Safety water seal, and the other end of Safety water seal is connected with Gas Pipe 4.
High-temperature dust removing device, low temperature dust arrester, exhaust waste heat recovery device are all connected with receipts apparatus for ash.
The arranged outside of exhaust waste heat recovery device has water intaking valve, saturated vapor valve and blowoff valve, and exhaust waste heat recovery device is connected with external water source by water intaking valve, and blowoff valve is for getting rid of the waste water of exhaust waste heat recovery device.
Exhaust combustion equipment comprises combustor, boiler, flue gas waste heat recovery apparatus, air-introduced machine and chimney.
Combustor comprises gas inlet end and burner, boiler comprises burner hearth, superheater and convection device, burner hearth is connected with convection device by superheater, superheater top is provided with gas outlet valve, burner hearth is connected with convection device by superheater, the inside of burner hearth is provided with the gitter brick that some employing rare earths are made, and some gitter bricks are put into cellular; The inwall of burner hearth is provided with the first heat-exchanging tube bundle, the inside of convection device is provided with the second heat-exchanging tube bundle, the inside of superheater is provided with superheater tube, superheater tube includes vapour end and steam output end, the first heat-exchanging tube bundle, the second heat-exchanging tube bundle are all connected with the vapour end that enters of superheater tube, the steam output end of superheater tube is connected with gas outlet valve, and gas outlet valve is positioned at superheater top.
The top of superheater is provided with gas outlet valve, the air intake of gas outlet valve is connected with the steam output end of superheater tube, gas outlet valve comprises main gas transferring port and a gas transferring port, main gas transferring port is connected with steam generating system, and a gas transferring port is connected with steam electric control valve, reducing-and-cooling plant, sub-cylinder steam successively by pipeline.
The arranged outside of flue gas waste heat recovery apparatus has water intaking valve and saturated main steam valve, blowoff valve, and its bottom is provided with the first waste liquid discharge line.The water intaking valve of flue gas waste heat recovery apparatus is connected with external water source, saturated main steam valve is connected with steam distribution cylinder by pipeline, blowoff valve is for getting rid of the waste water of flue gas waste heat recovery apparatus, the first waste liquid discharge line is discharged for the acid solution that fume afterheat bottom of device is collected, the bottom of air-introduced machine is provided with the second waste liquid discharge line, and chimney bottom is provided with the 3rd waste liquid discharge line.
Participate in shown in Fig. 2, combustor comprises combustion head 11, the arranged outside of combustor is useful on Gas Pipe 4 and the air duct 9 being used in conjunction with combustion head 11, combustion head 11 comprises gas inlet end and air inlet end, the inside of combustion head 11 is provided with burner, and the arranged outside of combustion head 11 has fire observation window 10.
The gas inlet end of combustion head 11 is connected with Gas Pipe 4, air inlet end is connected with air duct 9, between air inlet end and air duct 9, be provided with air blast switch and for the electric adjustable air-valve 7 of regulating gas and AIR Proportional, air blast switch is electrically connected to electric adjustable air-valve 7.Between gas inlet end and Gas Pipe 4, be disposed with electric control valve 1, pneumatic cut-off valve 2 and film resultant pressure table 3, gas inlet end is connected part with Gas Pipe 4 and is provided with gaseous-pressure switch 5, and the bottom of gaseous-pressure switch 5 is provided with blowoff valve 6.
The arranged outside of fire observation window 10 has flame detector and gas ignition rifle, and the arranged outside of gas ignition rifle has the moving valve of igniter gas and air magnetic valve, and air magnetic valve is connected with compressed air line, and igniting pneumatic operated valve is connected with liquefied gas pipeline.Fire observation window 10 is for observing the flame combustion situation in combustion head 11, and staff can regulate electric adjustable air-valve 7 according to flame situation, controls the ratio of calcium carbide stove exhaust and air.
Burner comprises that the cross section of sleeve is the annular that external diameter is 30～70mm for discharging the mouth heart of combustion gas and for discharging the sleeve of air, jacket casing is connected to the outside of the mouth heart, and the cross section of the mouth heart is the circle that radius is 20～50mm; Sleeve has some airports, the mouth heart has some fuel gas holes, the area of all airports: the area of all fuel gas holes is 2:1～3:1 (optimum is 2.5:1), staff can regulate the air distribution ratio size of air and combustion gas by electric adjustable air-valve 7, electric adjustable air-valve 7 can control to adjust air pressure and the flow entering in burner.
The gas inlet end of combustor is connected with Gas Pipe 4, the burner of combustor is embedded in the furnace wall corresponding with boiler furnace, burner is connected part and is provided with the sealant that adopts refractory concrete to make with furnace wall, air control valve is connected with air blast by air duct, the exhanst gas outlet of boiler is connected with the gas approach of waste-heat recovery device by connecting flue, waste-heat recovery device is connected with air-introduced machine by flue, and air-introduced machine is connected with chimney by flue.
The 3rd waste liquid discharge line of the first waste liquid discharge line of flue gas waste heat recovery apparatus, the second waste liquid discharge line of air-introduced machine and chimney is all connected with waste liquid reclaimer.
Steam utilization equipment comprises sub-cylinder steam, steam turbine power generating and heating system, sub-cylinder steam is connected with heating system, steam turbine power generating is connected with the venthole of superheater, the top of steam sub-cylinder is provided with the first connection valve, the second connection valve, the 3rd connection valve, the first connection valve is connected with the saturated vapor valve of exhaust waste heat recovery device, the second connection valve is connected with the saturated main steam valve of flue gas waste heat recovery apparatus, and the 3rd connection valve regulates motor-driven valve to be connected with a gas transferring port for gas outlet valve by reducing-and-cooling plant, steam successively.
Based on comprising the following steps for improving the method for calcium carbide stove exhaust combustion heat utilization rate of said system:
Step 1: calcium carbide is produced to the tail gas obtaining and pass into hot precipitator, obtain the first ash and high-temperature tail gas; High-temperature tail gas is passed into exhaust waste heat recovery device, (heat energy that exhaust waste heat recovery device reclaims enough heats water to obtain low temperature exhaust gas, the second ash and saturated vapor, obtain saturated vapor), saturated vapor is passed into sub-cylinder steam by saturated vapor valve, low temperature exhaust gas is passed into low temperature dust arrester, obtain ash disposal tail gas and the 3rd ash, the first ash, the second ash and the 3rd ash are all introduced to receipts apparatus for ash, regularly from receive apparatus for ash, take out ash.
Ash disposal tail gas is passed into after coke removing appts, obtain thick cleaning of off-gas, thick cleaning of off-gas is compressed by gas fan and be pressed into gas holder, after the pressure that regulates compressed tail gas through gas holder, pass into moisture trap (gas holder can be used in and stores compressed tail gas), moisture trap is removed the moisture content in compressed tail gas, obtain dried tail gas, and dried tail gas is passed into wire gauzee filter, wire gauzee filter is removed organic solvent and the solid impurity in dried tail gas, be purified tail gas, cleaning of off-gas enters exhaust pipe by Safety water seal.
Step 2: exhaust pipe passes into combustor by cleaning of off-gas, regulate the electric adjustable air-valve 7 of combustor, after making the air distribution ratio of all air and combustion gas be 2:1～3:1, after entering burner, revolve mixed with air, after igniter is lighted, combustor is controlled air quantity and blast according to PDI algorithmic technique, and by the flow of electric control valve 1 adjusting cleaning of off-gas, make cleaning of off-gas sustained combustion in the burner hearth of boiler, the heat energy that fuel gas buring produces not only can heat the water in heat-exchanging tube bundle, form steam, and the radiant energy that burning produces can make the continuous accumulation of heat of gitter brick in boiler, after gitter brick accumulation of heat, can make temperature in boiler higher than 1200 ℃, now, all fuel gas in tail gas all can fully burn, when greatly having improved the burnout rate of cleaning of off-gas, effectively strengthened the absorption of burner hearth to radiations heat energy, improved the thermal efficiency of boiler, produce a large amount of superheated steams, superheated steam can produce a large amount of electric energy after entering TRT, this electric energy can be used in the production of calcium carbide.
The minimum working pressure power P that sets sub-cylinder steam, P value scope is: 0.3MPa≤P≤0.5MPa, judge whether the operating pressure of sub-cylinder steam is greater than P, if so, by all superheated steams, the main gas transferring port by gas outlet valve enters electricity generation system; Otherwise, steam regulation electric control valve, by 10%～40% superheated steam, by a gas transferring port access reducing-and-cooling plant, reducing-and-cooling plant is converted into superheated steam after saturated vapor, and saturated vapor is accessed to sub-cylinder steam, meets the demand of process steam.
Low-heat flue gas after cleaning of off-gas burning enters flue gas waste heat recovery apparatus by the flue gas interface channel of boiler, carry out the secondary recovery utilization of heat energy, low-heat flue gas enters after flue gas waste heat recovery apparatus, water in flue gas waste heat recovery apparatus is heated, produce saturated vapor, waste gas and the first acid solution, saturated vapor is connected with sub-cylinder steam by the saturated main steam valve of flue gas waste heat recovery apparatus, sub-cylinder steam is inputted heating system by saturated vapor, waste gas is connected to air-introduced machine through smoke pipe, the first acid solution enters waste liquid reclaimer by the first waste liquid discharge line.
Step 3: air-introduced machine carries out centrifugal taking out to waste gas and draws in process, produces the second acid solution and the second waste gas, and waste gas is introduced chimney, and the second acid solution enters waste liquid recovery apparatus.
Step 4: the second waste gas enters after chimney, continues cooling produce the 3rd acid solution and the 3rd waste gas at smoke pipe in the process rising, the 3rd waste gas enters atmosphere through chimney, the logical waste liquid recovery apparatus that enters of the 3rd acid solution.
Step 5: all acid solutions are regularly taken out from waste liquid reclaimer, and acid solution is that sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid are main mixture, as the base stock of nitrogenize work, produces nitrogenous fertilizer, rust remover, industrial nitric acid salt etc.
In the embodiment of the present invention, for improving the method for calcium carbide stove exhaust combustion heat utilization rate, can access the raw material of electric energy, saturated vapor, manufacture of cement and Chemical Manufacture.
Take that to produce the tail gas that 1 ton of calcium carbide produces be example, adopt the system and method for the embodiment of the present invention, can be converted into 1500KW～2000KW electric energy and 30～50kg phosphoric acid by producing the exhaust combustion heat energy that 1 ton of calcium carbide produces; Or 8～15 tons of saturated vapors and 30～50kg phosphoric acid.
Calculation Method of Economic Benefit is as follows:
If the exhaust heat-energy of producing 1 ton of calcium carbide generation is all used for generating electricity, electricity price is by 0.8 yuan/KW, the tail gas of producing 1 ton of calcium carbide generation can produce the commercial value of 240 yuan, if exhaust heat-energy is all used for producing saturated vapor, steam price is by 200 yuan/ton of calculating, and the tail gas of producing 1 ton of calcium carbide generation can produce the commercial value of 400 yuan.
1 ton of calcium carbide of every production is approximately collected 100Kg～110Kg lime-ash, by 100 yuan of value calculation per ton, produces 1 ton of calcium carbide restored acid liquid and can produce the commercial value of 10 yuan～11 yuan
1 ton of calcium carbide of every production is approximately collected 10Kg～15Kg sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid is main acid solution, by 1000 yuan of value calculation per ton, produces 1 ton of calcium carbide restored acid liquid and can produce the commercial value of 10 yuan～15 yuan.
1 ton of calcium carbide of every production of present stage need to consume 3150KW～3300KW electric weight, and calcium carbide production cost is maintaining 2000 yuan～2250 yuan/ton at present, and calcium carbide price is at present at 2650 yuan～2750 yuan/ton.
Produce 1 ton of calcium carbide, after the tail gas comprehensive utilization to producing, comprehensive energy consumption declines approximately more than 10%, and the unit cost of production on average declines 420 yuan/ton, and energy-saving benefit highly significant has also alleviated the pollution to environment simultaneously.
The present invention is not limited to above-mentioned embodiment, for those skilled in the art, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, can also make some improvements and modifications, within these improvements and modifications are also considered as protection scope of the present invention.The content not being described in detail in this description belongs to the known prior art of professional and technical personnel in the field.
Claims (8)
1. one kind for improving the system of calcium carbide stove exhaust comprehensive utilization ratio, it is characterized in that: comprise exhaust gas purification equipment, exhaust combustion equipment, steam utilization equipment, receive apparatus for ash and waste liquid reclaimer, described exhaust gas purification equipment and exhaust combustion equipment, steam utilization equipment connection, exhaust combustion equipment is connected with steam utilization equipment, waste liquid reclaimer;
Exhaust gas purification equipment comprises high-temperature dust removing device, exhaust waste heat recovery device, low temperature dust arrester, coke removing appts and receipts apparatus for ash, and exhaust combustion equipment comprises combustor, boiler, flue gas waste heat recovery apparatus, air-introduced machine and chimney; Described high-temperature dust removing device, exhaust waste heat recovery device, low temperature dust arrester, coke removing appts, combustor, boiler, flue gas waste heat recovery apparatus, air-introduced machine are connected in turn with chimney, and described high-temperature dust removing device, exhaust waste heat recovery device and low temperature dust arrester are all connected with receipts apparatus for ash;
The arranged outside of described boiler has gas outlet valve, and gas outlet valve comprises main gas transferring port and a gas transferring port; The inside of described boiler is provided with the gitter brick that some employing rare earths are made, and some gitter bricks are put into cellular;
Described steam utilization equipment comprises steam generating system, sub-cylinder steam and heating system, and sub-cylinder steam is connected with heating system; The main gas transferring port of described gas outlet valve is connected with steam generating system, and gas transferring port is connected with sub-cylinder steam, between described gas transferring port and sub-cylinder steam, is provided with reducing-and-cooling plant;
Described exhaust waste heat recovery device, flue gas waste heat recovery apparatus are all connected with heating system by sub-cylinder steam; Described flue gas waste heat recovery apparatus, air-introduced machine and chimney are all connected with waste liquid reclaimer.
2. as claimed in claim 1 for improving the system of calcium carbide stove exhaust comprehensive utilization ratio, it is characterized in that: described combustor comprises combustion head (11), the arranged outside of combustor is useful on Gas Pipe (4) and the air duct (9) being used in conjunction with combustion head (11), and the inside of combustion head (11) is provided with burner;
Combustion head (11) comprises gas inlet end and air inlet end, gas inlet end is connected with Gas Pipe (4), air inlet end is connected with air duct (9), between air inlet end and air duct (9), be provided with air blast switch, for the electric adjustable air-valve (7) of regulating gas and AIR Proportional, air blast switch is electrically connected to electric adjustable air-valve (7); Between gas inlet end and Gas Pipe (4), be disposed with electric control valve (1), pneumatic cut-off valve (2) and film resultant pressure table (3), gas inlet end is connected part with Gas Pipe (4) and is provided with gaseous-pressure switch (5), and the bottom of gaseous-pressure switch (5) is provided with blowoff valve (6);
Burner comprises the mouth heart and sleeve, and jacket casing is connected to the outside of the mouth heart, and the cross section of sleeve is the annular that external diameter is 30～70mm, and the cross section of the mouth heart is the circle that radius is 20～50mm; Sleeve has some airports, and the mouth heart has some fuel gas holes, the area of all airports: the area of all fuel gas holes is 2:1～3:1.
3. as claimed in claim 2 for improving the system of calcium carbide stove exhaust comprehensive utilization ratio, it is characterized in that: the arranged outside of described combustion head (11) has fire observation window (10), the arranged outside of fire observation window (10) has flame detector and gas ignition rifle, the arranged outside of gas ignition rifle has the moving valve of igniter gas and air magnetic valve, air magnetic valve is connected with compressed air line, and igniting pneumatic operated valve is connected with liquefied gas pipeline.
4. as claimed in claim 3 for improving the system of calcium carbide stove exhaust comprehensive utilization ratio, it is characterized in that: described boiler comprises burner hearth, superheater and convection device, burner hearth is connected with convection device by superheater, and described gitter brick is arranged at the inside of burner hearth; The inwall of burner hearth is provided with the first heat-exchanging tube bundle, the inside of convection device is provided with the second heat-exchanging tube bundle, the inside of superheater is provided with superheater tube, and superheater tube comprises admission end and steam output end, and the first heat-exchanging tube bundle, the second heat-exchanging tube bundle are all connected with the admission end of superheater tube; The steam output end of superheater tube is connected with the gas outlet valve that is arranged at superheater top.
As described in any one in claim 2～4 for improving the system of calcium carbide stove exhaust comprehensive utilization ratio, it is characterized in that: the area of described all airports: the area of all fuel gas holes is 2.5:1.
6. based on claimed in claim 4, for improving a method for the system of calcium carbide stove exhaust comprehensive utilization ratio, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
S1: by calcium carbide stove exhaust by high-temperature dust removing device and exhaust waste heat recovery device after, obtain saturated vapor, low temperature exhaust gas and ash, saturated vapor is passed into sub-cylinder steam, low temperature exhaust gas is passed into low temperature dust arrester and coke removing appts successively, be purified tail gas and ash; The ash that high-temperature dust removing device, exhaust waste heat recovery device and low temperature dust arrester are produced all imports receipts apparatus for ash;
S2: cleaning of off-gas is passed into combustor, regulate electric adjustable air-valve (7) adjusting of combustor to enter air pressure and the flow in burner, cleaning of off-gas revolves mixed and is lighted by burning torch with air after entering burner, the flow that regulates cleaning of off-gas by electric control valve (1), makes cleaning of off-gas sustained combustion in the burner hearth of boiler, gitter brick can absorb radiant energy the constantly accumulation of heat that burning produces, after gitter brick accumulation of heat, can make temperature in boiler furnace higher than 1200 ℃, the first heat-exchanging tube bundle in burner hearth, the second heat-exchanging tube bundle in convection device absorbs after heat energy, produce a large amount of saturated vapors, saturated vapor is after superheater is overheated, produce a large amount of superheated steams, set the minimum working pressure power P of sub-cylinder steam, P value scope is: 0.3MPa≤P≤0.5MPa, the operating pressure of judging sub-cylinder steam is greater than P, all superheated steams are all introduced to electricity generation system by the main gas transferring port of gas outlet valve,
S3: the low-heat flue gas after cleaning of off-gas burning is introduced to waste-heat recovery device, and low-heat flue gas carries out secondary heat exchange in waste-heat recovery device, obtains saturated vapor, the first waste gas and the first acid solution; Saturated vapor is introduced to sub-cylinder steam, and sub-cylinder steam is inputted heating system by saturated vapor, and the first acid solution is entered to waste liquid recovery apparatus;
S4: the first waste gas is imported to air-introduced machine, and air-introduced machine carries out centrifugal taking out to waste gas and draws, produces the second acid solution and the second waste gas, and the second acid solution is entered to waste liquid recovery apparatus, and the second waste gas is introduced to chimney;
S5: the second waste gas enters after chimney, continues cooling produce the 3rd acid solution and the 3rd waste gas at smoke pipe in the process rising, the 3rd waste gas is entered to atmosphere, and the 3rd acid solution enters waste liquid recovery apparatus.
7. as claimed in claim 6 for improving the method for calcium carbide stove exhaust comprehensive utilization ratio, it is characterized in that: step S2 judges that the operating pressure of sub-cylinder steam is greater than P, after all superheated steams are all introduced to electricity generation system by the main gas transferring port of gas outlet valve, further comprising the steps of: the operating pressure of judging sub-cylinder steam is less than or equal to P, steam regulation electric control valve, 10%～40% superheated steam is accessed to a reducing-and-cooling plant by a defeated vapour, reducing-and-cooling plant is converted into superheated steam after saturated vapor, and saturated vapor is accessed to sub-cylinder steam.
8. as claimed in claim 6 for improving the method for calcium carbide stove exhaust comprehensive utilization ratio, it is characterized in that, further comprising the steps of after described step S5: the waste liquid in waste liquid reclaimer is as the base stock of chemical industry, for the production of nitrogenous fertilizer and industrial nitric acid salt.
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| CN107782162A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2018-03-09 | 卓粤 | Method for recycling tail gas of silicon carbide closed furnace for power generation |
| CN107777707A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2018-03-09 | 卓粤 | Method for producing synthetic ammonia by recycling silicon carbide tail gas |
| CN108278618A (en) * | 2018-02-08 | 2018-07-13 | 肖新房 | A kind of dedusting ash and purification ash treatment system and working method |
| CN109647119A (en) * | 2018-12-06 | 2019-04-19 | 安徽华塑股份有限公司 | It is a kind of for improving the production technology of calcium carbide stove exhaust comprehensive utilization ratio |
| CN112284148A (en) * | 2020-10-30 | 2021-01-29 | 安徽华塑股份有限公司 | Airtight calcium carbide stove tail gas deep purification device |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107777707B (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2020-04-28 | 卓粤 | Method for producing synthetic ammonia by recycling silicon carbide tail gas |
| CN108278618A (en) * | 2018-02-08 | 2018-07-13 | 肖新房 | A kind of dedusting ash and purification ash treatment system and working method |
| CN109647119A (en) * | 2018-12-06 | 2019-04-19 | 安徽华塑股份有限公司 | It is a kind of for improving the production technology of calcium carbide stove exhaust comprehensive utilization ratio |
| CN112284148A (en) * | 2020-10-30 | 2021-01-29 | 安徽华塑股份有限公司 | Airtight calcium carbide stove tail gas deep purification device |
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| CN104101225B (en) | 2016-04-13 |
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