CN104075332B - For improving the system and method for yellow phosphoric tail gas comprehensive utilization ratio - Google Patents
For improving the system and method for yellow phosphoric tail gas comprehensive utilization ratio Download PDFInfo
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- CN104075332B CN104075332B CN201410346322.1A CN201410346322A CN104075332B CN 104075332 B CN104075332 B CN 104075332B CN 201410346322 A CN201410346322 A CN 201410346322A CN 104075332 B CN104075332 B CN 104075332B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 226
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000001413 cellular effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 40
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydridophosphorus(.) (triplet) Chemical compound [PH] BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002686 phosphate fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003016 phosphoric acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002459 sustained effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 23
- OBSZRRSYVTXPNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraphosphorus Chemical compound P12P3P1P32 OBSZRRSYVTXPNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 11
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 7
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 4
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010025 steaming Methods 0.000 description 3
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004280 Sodium formate Substances 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- HLBBKKJFGFRGMU-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium formate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C=O HLBBKKJFGFRGMU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 235000019254 sodium formate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 241001466460 Alveolata Species 0.000 description 1
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyanide Chemical compound N#[C-] XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000009781 Myrtillocactus geometrizans Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000009125 Myrtillocactus geometrizans Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910004014 SiF4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019504 cigarettes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003818 cinder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001741 organic sulfur group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000565 sealant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 1
- ABTOQLMXBSRXSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon tetrafluoride Chemical compound F[Si](F)(F)F ABTOQLMXBSRXSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/12—Heat utilisation in combustion or incineration of waste
Landscapes
- Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
- Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of system and method for improving yellow phosphoric tail gas comprehensive utilization ratio, relate to yellow phosphoric tail gas and recycle field, this system includes exhaust gas cleaner, tail gas burner, steam utilization apparatus and waste liquid recovery apparatus, exhaust gas cleaner is connected with tail gas burner, and tail gas burner is connected with steam utilization apparatus, waste liquid recovery apparatus；Exhaust gas cleaner includes dust arrester and deacidification device, and tail gas burner includes combustor, boiler, waste-heat recovery device, air-introduced machine and chimney；Dust arrester, deacidification device, combustor, boiler, waste-heat recovery device, air-introduced machine and chimney are sequentially connected with；The outside of boiler is provided with gas outlet valve, and gas outlet valve includes main gas transferring port and gas transferring port, boiler be internally provided with the gitter brick that some employing rare earths are made, some gitter bricks are put into cellular；The present invention compares environmental protection, it is possible to increase the economic worth of yellow phosphoric tail gas, improves the utilization rate of yellow phosphoric tail gas.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to yellow phosphoric tail gas and recycle field, be specifically related to a kind of for improving yellow phosphorus
The system and method for tail gas comprehensive utilization ratio.
Background technology
Existing phosphorus production method is usually electric furnace process, often produces 1 ton of yellow phosphorus and all can produce
2500～2800Nm3Yellow phosphoric tail gas.The main component of yellow phosphoric tail gas be volume fraction be 87～
The CO of 92%, contains inorganic sulfur (S, H simultaneously2S、SO2), organic sulfur (CH4SH、COS)、
SiF4、PH3、P4、HF、CH4、CO2、O2、N2, the impurity such as cyanide and dust.Existing
In some yellow phosphoric tail gas, the content of sulphur be 0.8%～8.0%g/m3, the content of phosphorus be 0.5%～
1.5%g/m3, the fuel value of yellow phosphoric tail gas is 10.5～11MJ/m3。
Present stage, yellow phosphoric tail gas is generally carried out lighting torch emptying by enterprise, or by non-purified
Yellow phosphoric tail gas be used as fuel, thermal source needed for the polymerization kiln in phosphate production system,
The yellow phosphoric tail gas as fuel of preliminary purification produces saturated vapor for heat energy power-generating；After purifying
Yellow phosphoric tail gas be used as carbon one chemical industry, such as the unstripped gas such as sodium formate, formic acid.
There is following defect in existing yellow phosphoric tail gas processing method:
(1) can produce in a large number containing NO after yellow phosphoric tail gas burning2、SO2And SO3Acidity
Gas, after sour gas enters air and soil, easily pollutes environment.
(2) yellow phosphoric tail gas as fuel is dried ore, as in phosphate production system
The thermal source of polymerization kiln, or add hot water as fuel, hot water can be used in yellow phosphorus insulation, by
In yellow phosphorus insulation, dry ore and polymerization kiln thermal source less energy intensive, only account for yellow phosphoric tail gas and always produce
The 15% of heat, therefore major part yellow phosphoric tail gas can only fire idle discharge and puts, the utilization rate of yellow phosphoric tail gas
Relatively low.
(3) carbon one chemical industry will be used for as unstripped gas after purifying exhausting gas of yellow phosphorus, as sodium formate,
When formic acid etc. produce, owing to the purification of yellow phosphoric tail gas is relatively costly, add and limited by technology, mesh
Front domestic developed carbon one chemical products added value is relatively low, therefore, uses yellow phosphoric tail gas conduct
The economic worth of synthesis material is relatively low, and the product production capacity of carbon one chemical industry is superfluous, product discontinuance
Or discontinuity produces, the utilization rate of yellow phosphoric tail gas is relatively low.
(4) yellow phosphoric tail gas is produced low-pressure saturated steam as boiler oil and be used for Chemical Manufacture
Or during generating, if being completely used for the yellow phosphoric tail gas of unit phosphorus production producing saturated vapor,
The saturated vapor amount that then phosphorus production self is required, only accounts for the 20% of total steam production；By saturated steaming
When vapour is used for generating electricity, generating efficiency is relatively low, and saturated vapor easily causes turbine vane cavitation simultaneously,
Due to complicated in yellow phosphoric tail gas, the gas middle acid substance after burning is more, and corrosivity is relatively
By force, easily corroding boiler, therefore, utilize that yellow phosphoric tail gas generates electricity is relatively costly.
Summary of the invention
For defect present in prior art, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of for carrying
The system and method for high yellow phosphoric tail gas comprehensive utilization ratio, compares environmental protection, it is possible to increase yellow phosphoric tail gas
Economic worth, improve yellow phosphoric tail gas utilization rate, improve yellow phosphoric tail gas generating efficiency.
For reaching object above, the present invention adopts the technical scheme that: one is used for improving yellow phosphorus
The system of tail gas comprehensive utilization ratio, including exhaust gas cleaner, tail gas burner, steam profit
With device and waste liquid recovery apparatus, exhaust gas cleaner is connected with tail gas burner, and tail gas fires
Burn device to be connected with steam utilization apparatus, waste liquid recovery apparatus；
Exhaust gas cleaner includes dust arrester and deacidification device, and tail gas burner includes burning
Machine, boiler, waste-heat recovery device, air-introduced machine and chimney；Described dust arrester, deacidification device,
Combustor, boiler, waste-heat recovery device, air-introduced machine and chimney are sequentially connected with；Described boiler
Outside is provided with gas outlet valve, and gas outlet valve includes main gas transferring port and a gas transferring port；Described boiler interior
Portion is provided with the gitter brick that some employing rare earths are made, and some gitter bricks are put into cellular；
Described steam utilization apparatus includes steam generating system, sub-cylinder steam and heating system,
Sub-cylinder steam is connected with heating system；The main gas transferring port of described gas outlet valve and steam generating system
Connecting, a gas transferring port is connected with sub-cylinder steam, and described between gas transferring port and sub-cylinder steam
Being provided with reducing-and-cooling plant, described waste-heat recovery device passes through sub-cylinder steam and heating system
Connect；Described waste-heat recovery device, air-introduced machine and chimney are all connected with waste liquid recovery apparatus.
On the basis of such scheme, described combustor includes combustion head, and the outside of combustor sets
Be equipped with for combustion head with the use of Gas Pipe and air duct, being internally provided with of combustion head
Burner；
Combustion head includes gas inlet end and air inlet end, and gas inlet end is with Gas Pipe even
Connecing, air inlet end is connected with air duct, is provided with air between air inlet end and air duct
Blast switch, electric adjustable air-valve for regulating gas Yu AIR Proportional, air blast switch with
Electric adjustable air-valve electrically connects；It is disposed with motorized adjustment between gas inlet end and Gas Pipe
Valve, pneumatic cut-off valve and film resultant pressure table, gas inlet end is provided with in place of being connected with Gas Pipe
Gaseous-pressure switchs, and the bottom of gaseous-pressure switch is provided with blowoff valve；
Burner includes the mouth heart and sleeve, and sleeve is socketed on the outside of the mouth heart, the cross section of sleeve
Be the annular of 30～70mm in external diameter, the cross section of the mouth heart be radius be 20～50mm
Circular；Sleeve has some airports, and the mouth heart has some fuel gas holes, the face of all airports
Long-pending: the area of all fuel gas holes is 2:1～3:1.
On the basis of such scheme, the outside of described combustion head is provided with fire observation window, fire observation window
Outside be provided with flame detector and gas ignition rifle, the outside of gas ignition rifle is arranged a little
Fire pneumatic operated valve and air solenoid valve, air solenoid valve is connected with compressed air line, lights a fire pneumatic
Valve is connected with liquefied gas pipeline.
On the basis of such scheme, described boiler includes burner hearth, superheater and convection device,
Burner hearth is connected with convection device by superheater, and described gitter brick is arranged at the inside of burner hearth；
The inwall of burner hearth is provided with the first heat-exchanging tube bundle, convection device be internally provided with the second heat exchanger tube
Bundle, superheater be internally provided with superheater tube, superheater tube includes admission end and steam output end, the
One heat-exchanging tube bundle, the second heat-exchanging tube bundle are all connected with the admission end of superheater tube；Superheater tube go out vapour
End is connected with the gas outlet valve being arranged at superheater top.
On the basis of such scheme, the area of described all airports: the face of all fuel gas holes
Amass as 2.5:1.
A kind of method based on the system for improving yellow phosphoric tail gas comprehensive utilization ratio, including following
Step:
S1: by yellow phosphoric tail gas by, after dust arrester, deacidification device, being purified tail gas；
S2: cleaning of off-gas is passed through combustor, is regulated by the electric adjustable air-valve of combustor and enters
Air pressure in burner and flow, cleaning of off-gas carries out rotation with air after entering burner to be mixed
And ignited rifle lights, by the flow of motorized adjustment valve regulation cleaning of off-gas so that purify tail
Gas is sustained combustion in the burner hearth of boiler；Gitter brick can absorption cleaning exhaust combustion produce spoke
Penetrate can and constantly accumulation of heat, after gitter brick accumulation of heat, it is possible to make the temperature in boiler furnace be higher than
1200 DEG C, the first heat-exchanging tube bundle in burner hearth, the second heat-exchanging tube bundle in convection device absorbs heat
After energy, all produce substantial amounts of saturated vapor, after saturated vapor importing superheater tube is overheated, produce big
Amount superheated steam, sets minimum operating pressures that P of sub-cylinder steam, and P value scope is: 0.3MPa
≤ P≤0.5MPa, it is determined that the operating pressure of sub-cylinder steam is more than P, by all of overheated steaming
Vapour all introduces electricity generation system by the main gas transferring port of gas outlet valve；
S3: the low heat smoke after being burnt by cleaning of off-gas introduces waste-heat recovery device, low heat smoke
In waste-heat recovery device, carry out secondary heat exchange, obtain saturated vapor, the first waste gas and the first acid
Liquid；Saturated vapor introduces sub-cylinder steam, and saturated vapor is inputted heat supply system by sub-cylinder steam
System, enters waste liquid recovery apparatus by the first acid solution；
S4: the first waste gas is imported air-introduced machine, and waste gas is centrifuged being drawn by air-introduced machine, produces
Second acid solution and the second waste gas, enter waste liquid recovery apparatus by the second acid solution, is drawn by the second waste gas
Enter chimney；
S5: the second waste gas enters after chimney, continues cooling generation the during smoke pipe rises
Three acid solutions and the 3rd waste gas, enter air by the 3rd waste gas, and the 3rd acid solution enters devil liquor recovery dress
Put.
On the basis of such scheme, step S2 judges that the operating pressure of sub-cylinder steam is more than
P, after all of superheated steam is all introduced electricity generation system by the main gas transferring port of gas outlet valve,
Further comprising the steps of: to judge that the operating pressure of sub-cylinder steam, less than or equal to P, regulates steam
Electric control valve, the superheated steam by 10%～40% accesses pressure and temperature reducing by a defeated vapour and fills
Put, after superheated steam is converted into saturated vapor by reducing-and-cooling plant, saturated vapor is accessed and steams
Vapour gas-distributing cylinder.
On the basis of such scheme, further comprising the steps of after described step S5: will be useless
Waste liquid in liquid retracting device, as the base stock of phosphorous chemical industry, produces phosphate fertilizer and industrial phosphoric acid
Salt.
Compared with prior art, it is an advantage of the current invention that:
(1) system and the side for improving yellow phosphoric tail gas comprehensive utilization ratio of the embodiment of the present invention
Method, waste gas utilization device can pass through electricity generation system and heating system by owning in phosphorus production
What tail gas was effective and reasonable meets production heat demand all of i.e. Lowlevel thermal energy for producing steam,
High level heat is used for generating electricity, and reduces unit product productive power demand, reduces cost；With existing
In technology, substantial amounts of tail gas directly empties to set off and compares, it is possible to save the substantial amounts of energy.
(2) combustor of the present invention includes that electric adjustable air-valve, electric adjustable air-valve can regulate sky
Gas is 2:1～3:1 with the air distribution ratio of combustion gas, and airport is positioned at the periphery of fuel gas hole, empty
Gas can be sufficiently mixed with cleaning of off-gas, and makes torch compact by the pressure regulation of air, adds
Big fuel and the friction of air so that combustion flame remains high temperature blue flame, cleaning of off-gas
Can fully burn, be effectively increased the burnout rate of yellow phosphoric tail gas；It is provided with dilute in boiler
The gitter brick that soil is made, gitter brick is arranged to alveolate texture for strengthening heat accumulation, and gitter brick stores
After heat so that the temperature in boiler furnace is higher than 1200 DEG C, now so that the institute in tail gas
There is fuel gas at high temperature can fully burn, greatly improving the combustion of cleaning of off-gas
While cinder rate, effectively strengthen the burner hearth absorption to radiations heat energy, improve the heat of boiler
Efficiency, produces substantial amounts of superheated steam, and superheated steam can produce a large amount of after entering TRT
Electric energy, this electric energy can be used in the production of yellow phosphorus, effectively reduces the production cost of yellow phosphorus,
Improve the utilization rate of yellow phosphoric tail gas.
(3) embodiment of the present invention includes waste liquid recovery apparatus, and waste liquid recovery apparatus can reclaim
The acid solution that waste-heat recovery device, air-introduced machine and chimney produce, acid solution can be as downstream product
Raw materials for production, downstream product includes phosphate fertilizer and industrial phosphoric acid salt etc., directly will in prior art
Acid solution enters air compared with sewage, reduces yellow phosphoric tail gas and burns the environmental pollution brought,
Not only compare environmental protection, and improve the economic benefit of yellow phosphoric tail gas comprehensive utilization.
(4) embodiment of the present invention includes that boiler, boiler include burner hearth, superheater and convection current
The saturated vapor produced in device, burner hearth and convection device all can import superheater, and leads to
Crossing superheater and change into superheated steam, the top of superheater is provided with gas outlet valve, gas outlet valve
Including main gas transferring port and a gas transferring port, main gas transferring port is connected with steam generating system, a gas transferring port
It is connected with steam electric control valve, reducing-and-cooling plant, sub-cylinder steam successively by pipeline.
The heat content of superheated steam is higher than the heat content of saturated vapor, so using superheated steam generation, then
Generating efficiency is higher, in the case of in production system, saturated vapor is under-supply, and superheated steam
Can be converted into saturated vapor by reducing-and-cooling plant, saturated vapor can divide vapour by steam
Cylinder accesses in heating system, it is provided that needed for phosphorus production, improves the comprehensive utilization ratio of the energy；Have
Effect improves boiler and produces the utilization rate of heat energy.The electric energy that phosphorus production per ton needs is
15000KW h, the yellow phosphoric tail gas as fuel that will produce during phosphorus production per ton, its heat
Can be completely used for produce steam, can produce 10 tons of low-pressure saturated steams (pressure 1.25MPa,
Temperature 193 DEG C), heat energy produces superheated steam and is used for generating electricity, it is possible to be converted into 2000KW h
Electric energy, is used for phosphorus production by the electric energy of generation, it is possible to effectively reduce the production of yellow phosphorus enterprise
Cost.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that the present invention is for improving the structured flowchart of the system of yellow phosphoric tail gas comprehensive utilization ratio；
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of combustor in the present invention.
In figure: 1-electric control valve, 2-pneumatic cut-off valve, 3-film resultant pressure table, 4-Gas Pipe,
5-gaseous-pressure switchs, 6-blowoff valve, 7-electric adjustable air-valve, 8-blast switch, 9-air duct,
10-fire observation window, 11-combustion head.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is described in further detail.
Shown in Figure 1, the embodiment of the present invention provides one to be used for improving yellow phosphoric tail gas comprehensive utilization
With the system and method for rate, this system includes exhaust gas cleaner, tail gas burner, steam
Utilizing device and waste liquid recovery apparatus, exhaust gas cleaner is connected with tail gas burner, tail gas
Burner is connected with steam utilization apparatus, waste liquid recovery apparatus.
Exhaust gas cleaner includes aeration tower, bleed water seal, dust arrester, deacidification device, water
Ring compressor, gas holder, moisture trap and Safety water seal, be provided with silk screen mistake in Safety water seal
Filter, moisture trap includes inlet end and exhaust end.
One end of aeration tower is connected with yellow phosphoric tail gas pipe, the other end by bleed water seal successively with remove
Dirt device, deacidification device, water ring compressor, gas holder connect and the inlet end of moisture trap connects
Connect, moisture trap exhaust end be connected with one end of Safety water seal, another of Safety water seal
End is connected with Gas Pipe 4.
Tail gas burner includes combustor, boiler, waste-heat recovery device, air-introduced machine and chimney.
Combustor includes gas inlet end and burner, and boiler includes burner hearth, superheater and right
Stream device, burner hearth is connected with convection device by superheater, and superheater top is provided with out
Steam valve, burner hearth is connected with convection device by superheater, burner hearth be internally provided with some adopting
The gitter brick made with rare earth, some gitter bricks are put into cellular；The inwall of burner hearth is provided with
First heat-exchanging tube bundle, convection device be internally provided with the second heat-exchanging tube bundle, superheater interior
Portion is provided with superheater tube, and superheater tube includes into vapour end and steam output end, the first heat-exchanging tube bundle, second
Heat-exchanging tube bundle is all connected with the vapour end that enters of superheater tube, and the steam output end of superheater tube is connected with gas outlet valve,
Gas outlet valve is positioned at superheater top.
The top of superheater is provided with gas outlet valve, and the air intake of gas outlet valve goes out vapour with superheater tube
End connects, and gas outlet valve includes main gas transferring port and a gas transferring port, main gas transferring port and steam generating system
Connect, gas transferring port by pipeline successively with steam electric control valve, reducing-and-cooling plant, steaming
Vapour gas-distributing cylinder connects.
The outside of waste-heat recovery device is provided with water intaking valve and saturated main steam valve, blowoff valve, its
Bottom is provided with the first waste liquid discharge line.Waste-heat recovery device by water intaking valve by pipeline with
Water pump is connected to into water, and saturated main steam valve is connected with steam distribution cylinder by pipeline, blowdown
Valve is for getting rid of the waste water of waste-heat recovery device, and the first waste liquid discharge line is for filling waste heat
The acid solution putting bottom collection is discharged, and the bottom of air-introduced machine is provided with the second waste liquid discharge line, cigarette
The 3rd waste liquid discharge line it is provided with bottom chimney.
Shown in participation Fig. 2, combustor includes combustion head 11, and the outside of combustor is provided with use
In with combustion head 11 with the use of Gas Pipe 4 and air duct 9, combustion head 11 includes combustion gas
Inlet end and air inlet end, combustion head 11 be internally provided with burner, combustion head 11
Outside is provided with fire observation window 10.
The gas inlet end of combustion head 11 is connected with Gas Pipe 4, air inlet end and air duct
9 connect, and are provided with air blast switch and for regulating between air inlet end and air duct 9
Combustion gas and the electric adjustable air-valve 7 of AIR Proportional, air blast switch is electrically connected with electric adjustable air-valve 7
Connect.Electric control valve 1, pneumatic cut-out it is disposed with between gas inlet end and Gas Pipe 4
Valve 2 and film resultant pressure table 3, gas inlet end is provided with gas pressure in place of being connected with Gas Pipe 4
Power switch 5, the bottom of gaseous-pressure switch 5 is provided with blowoff valve 6.
The outside of fire observation window 10 is provided with flame detector and gas ignition rifle, gas ignition rifle
Outside be provided with igniting pneumatic operated valve and air solenoid valve, air solenoid valve and compressed air line
Connecting, igniting pneumatic operated valve is connected with liquefied gas pipeline.Fire observation window 10 is used for observing combustion head 11
Interior flame combustion situation, staff can regulate electric adjustable air-valve 7 according to flame conditions,
Control the ratio of yellow phosphoric tail gas and air.
Burner includes the mouth heart for discharging combustion gas and for discharging the sleeve of air, overlaps jacket casing
Be connected to the outside of the mouth heart, the cross section of sleeve be external diameter be the annular of 30～70mm, the mouth heart
Cross section be radius be the circle of 20～50mm；Sleeve has some airports, and the mouth heart is opened
There are some fuel gas holes, the area of all airports: the area of all fuel gas holes is 2:1～3:1,
Staff can regulate the air distribution ratio size of air and combustion gas, electricity by electric adjustable air-valve 7
Dynamic adjusting valve 7 can control to adjust the air pressure and flow entered in burner.
The gas inlet end of combustor is connected with Gas Pipe 4, the burner of combustor be embedded in
In the furnace wall that boiler furnace is corresponding, burner is provided with high temperature resistant mixed in place of being connected with furnace wall
The sealant that solidifying soil is made, air control valve is connected with air blast by air duct, boiler
Exhanst gas outlet is connected with the gas approach of waste-heat recovery device by connecting flue, and waste heat recovery fills
Putting and be connected with air-introduced machine by flue, air-introduced machine is connected with chimney by flue.
First waste liquid discharge line of waste-heat recovery device, the second waste liquid discharge line of air-introduced machine
All it is connected with waste liquid recovery apparatus with the 3rd waste liquid discharge line of chimney.
Steam utilization apparatus includes sub-cylinder steam, steam turbine power generating and heating system,
Sub-cylinder steam is connected with heating system, steam turbine power generating and the venthole of superheater
Connecting, the top of steam sub-cylinder is provided with the first connection valve and second and connects valve, and first connects
Valve is connected with the saturated main steam valve of waste-heat recovery device, and the second connection valve passes sequentially through desuperheat and subtracts
Pressure device, steam regulation motor-driven valve is connected with a gas transferring port for gas outlet valve.
The method for improving yellow phosphorus tail gas combustion heat energy utilization rate based on said system includes
Following steps:
Step one: the tail gas that phosphorus production produces is passed through electric furnace aeration tower and leads to successively through water seal
Enter dust arrester and deacidification device, obtain thick cleaning of off-gas, thick cleaning of off-gas is passed through water ring pressure
Contracting machine is compressed and is pressed into gas holder, is passed through air water after the pressure of gas holder regulation compressed tail gas
Separator (gas holder can be used in storing compressed tail gas), moisture trap removes in compressed tail gas
Moisture content, obtain being dried tail gas, and dry tail gas be passed through wire gauzee filter, wire gauzee filter
Removing the organic solvent and solid impurity being dried in tail gas, be purified tail gas, cleaning of off-gas leads to
Cross Safety water seal and enter exhaust pipe.
Step 2: cleaning of off-gas is passed through combustor, the electric adjustable of regulation combustor by exhaust pipe
Air-valve 7 so that after the air distribution ratio of all air and combustion gas is 2:1～3:1, yellow phosphoric tail gas enters
Carrying out rotation after entering burner with air mixed, after igniter is lighted, combustor is according to PDI
Algorithmic technique controls air quantity and blast, and is regulated the stream of cleaning of off-gas by electric control valve 1
Amount so that cleaning of off-gas is sustained combustion in the burner hearth of boiler, the heat energy that fuel gas buring produces is not
It is only capable of the water in heating heat-exchanging tube bundle, forms steam, and the radiation energy of generation of burning can
Make the continuous accumulation of heat of the gitter brick in boiler, after gitter brick accumulation of heat, it is possible to make the temperature in boiler
Higher than 1200 DEG C, the first heat-exchanging tube bundle in burner hearth, the second heat-exchanging tube bundle in convection device
After absorbing heat energy, all produce substantial amounts of saturated vapor, after saturated vapor importing superheater tube is overheated,
Produce a large amount of superheated steam.
When temperature in boiler is higher than 1200 DEG C, all fuel gas in tail gas all can fill
Divided combustion, while greatly improving the burnout rate of cleaning of off-gas, effectively strengthens burner hearth
Absorption to radiations heat energy, improves the thermal efficiency of boiler.
After producing substantial amounts of superheated steam, superheated steam is entered TRT and can produce in a large number
Electric energy, this electric energy can be used in the production of yellow phosphorus.
Setting minimum operating pressures that P of sub-cylinder steam, P value scope is: 0.3MPa≤P≤
0.5MPa, it is judged that whether the operating pressure of sub-cylinder steam is more than P, if so, by all overheated
Steam enters electricity generation system by the main gas transferring port of gas outlet valve；Otherwise, regulation steam motorized adjustment
Valve, the superheated steam by 10%～40% accesses reducing-and-cooling plant, desuperheat by a gas transferring port
After superheated steam is converted into saturated vapor by decompressor, saturated vapor is accessed steam and divides vapour
Cylinder, meets the demand of process steam.
Low heat smoke after cleaning of off-gas burning enters waste heat by the flue gas interface channel of boiler
Retracting device, the secondary recovery carrying out heat energy utilizes, after low heat smoke enters waste-heat recovery device,
Water in waste-heat recovery device is heated, produces saturated vapor, the first waste gas and the first acid
Liquid, saturated vapor is connected with sub-cylinder steam by the saturated main steam valve of waste-heat recovery device,
Saturated vapor is inputted heating system by sub-cylinder steam, and the first waste gas is connected to air inducing through smoke pipe
Machine, the first acid solution enters waste liquid recovery apparatus by the first waste liquid discharge line.
Step 3: during waste gas is centrifuged being drawn by air-introduced machine, produces the second acid solution and
Two waste gas, waste gas introduces chimney, and the second acid solution enters waste liquid recovery apparatus.
Step 4: after the second waste gas enters chimney, continues cooling during smoke pipe rises and produces
Raw 3rd acid solution and the 3rd waste gas, the 3rd waste gas enters air through chimney, and the 3rd acid solution is logical to be entered
Waste liquid recovery apparatus.
Step 5: all acid solutions periodically taken out from waste liquid recovery apparatus, acid solution is that phosphoric acid is
Main mixture, as the base stock of phosphorous chemical industry, produces phosphate fertilizer, rust remover, industrial phosphoric acid
Salt etc.
The method being used for improving yellow phosphorus tail gas combustion heat energy utilization rate in the embodiment of the present invention can
Obtain the raw material that electric energy, saturated vapor and phosphorous chemical industry produce.
As a example by producing the tail gas that 1 ton of yellow phosphorus produces, use system and the side of the embodiment of the present invention
Method, it is possible to by produce the exhaust combustion heat energy that 1 ton of yellow phosphorus produces be converted into 1500KW h～
2000KW h electric energy and 30～50kg phosphoric acid；Or 8～15 tons of saturated vapors and 30～50kg
Phosphoric acid.
Calculation Method of Economic Benefit is as follows:
If exhaust heat-energy that 1 ton of yellow phosphorus produces will produce all for generating electricity, electricity price presses 0.8
Unit/KW h, then the tail gas producing 1 ton of yellow phosphorus generation can produce the business of 1200～1600 yuan
Industry be worth, if exhaust heat-energy is all for producing saturated vapor, steam price press 200 yuan/
Ton calculates, then the tail gas producing 1 ton of yellow phosphorus generation can produce the business of 1600～3000 yuan
It is worth.
Often producing 1 ton of yellow phosphorus and about collecting 30～50kg phosphoric acid is main acid solution, by per ton 3000
Unit's value calculation, produces 1 ton of yellow phosphorus restored acid liquid and can produce the commercial value of 90～150 yuan.
Present stage often produces 1 ton of yellow phosphorus to be needed to consume 13000KW h～15000KW h electricity,
Phosphorus production cost is maintaining 12000 yuan～13000 yuan/ton at present, and yellow phosphorus price exists at present
14000 yuan～15000 yuan/ton.
Producing 1 ton of yellow phosphorus, after to the tail gas comprehensive utilization produced, comprehensive energy consumption declines about
More than 15%, the unit cost of production averagely declines 2000 yuan/ton, energy-saving benefit highly significant,
Also mitigate the pollution to environment simultaneously.
The present invention is not limited to above-mentioned embodiment, for those skilled in the art
For, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, it is also possible to make some improvements and modifications,
Within these improvements and modifications are also considered as protection scope of the present invention.This specification is not made in detail
The content described belongs to prior art known to professional and technical personnel in the field.
Claims (7)
1. the system being used for improving yellow phosphoric tail gas comprehensive utilization ratio, it is characterised in that: bag
Include exhaust gas cleaner, tail gas burner, steam utilization apparatus and waste liquid recovery apparatus, tail
Air purifying apparatus is connected with tail gas burner, tail gas burner and steam utilization apparatus, useless
Liquid retracting device connects；
Exhaust gas cleaner includes dust arrester and deacidification device, and tail gas burner includes burning
Machine, boiler, waste-heat recovery device, air-introduced machine and chimney；Described dust arrester, deacidification device,
Combustor, boiler, waste-heat recovery device, air-introduced machine and chimney are sequentially connected with；Described boiler
Outside is provided with gas outlet valve, and gas outlet valve includes main gas transferring port and a gas transferring port；Described boiler interior
Portion is provided with the gitter brick that some employing rare earths are made, and some gitter bricks are put into cellular；
Described steam utilization apparatus includes steam generating system, sub-cylinder steam and heating system,
Sub-cylinder steam is connected with heating system；The main gas transferring port of described gas outlet valve and steam generating system
Connecting, a gas transferring port is connected with sub-cylinder steam, and described between gas transferring port and sub-cylinder steam
Being provided with reducing-and-cooling plant, described waste-heat recovery device passes through sub-cylinder steam and heating system
Connect；Described waste-heat recovery device, air-introduced machine and chimney are all connected with waste liquid recovery apparatus；
Described combustor includes combustion head (11), the outside of combustor be provided with for burning
Head (11) with the use of Gas Pipe (4) and air duct (9), combustion head (11) interior
Portion is provided with burner；
Combustion head (11) includes gas inlet end and air inlet end, gas inlet end and combustion gas
Pipe (4) connects, and air inlet end is connected with air duct (9), air inlet end and air duct
(9) air blast switch, electric adjustable for regulating gas Yu AIR Proportional it are provided with between
Air-valve (7), air blast switch electrically connects with electric adjustable air-valve (7)；Gas inlet end with
Electric control valve (1), pneumatic cut-off valve (2) and film it is disposed with between Gas Pipe (4)
Resultant pressure table (3), gas inlet end is provided with gaseous-pressure in place of being connected with Gas Pipe (4)
Switch (5), the bottom of gaseous-pressure switch (5) is provided with blowoff valve (6)；
Burner includes the mouth heart and sleeve, and sleeve is socketed on the outside of the mouth heart, the cross section of sleeve
Be the annular of 30～70mm in external diameter, the cross section of the mouth heart be radius be 20～50mm
Circular；Sleeve has some airports, and the mouth heart has some fuel gas holes, the face of all airports
Long-pending: the area of all fuel gas holes is 2:1～3:1.
2. the system for improving yellow phosphoric tail gas comprehensive utilization ratio as claimed in claim 1,
It is characterized in that: the outside of described combustion head (11) is provided with fire observation window (10), fire observation window
(10) outside is provided with flame detector and gas ignition rifle, and the outside of gas ignition rifle sets
Being equipped with igniting pneumatic operated valve and air solenoid valve, air solenoid valve is connected with compressed air line, point
Fire pneumatic operated valve is connected with liquefied gas pipeline.
3. the system for improving yellow phosphoric tail gas comprehensive utilization ratio as claimed in claim 2,
It is characterized in that: described boiler includes burner hearth, superheater and convection device, burner hearth passed through
Thermal is connected with convection device, and described gitter brick is arranged at the inside of burner hearth；The inwall of burner hearth
Be provided with the first heat-exchanging tube bundle, convection device be internally provided with the second heat-exchanging tube bundle, cross hot charging
That puts is internally provided with superheater tube, and superheater tube includes admission end and steam output end, the first heat-exchanging tube bundle,
Second heat-exchanging tube bundle is all connected with the admission end of superheater tube；The steam output end of superheater tube be arranged at
The gas outlet valve at thermal top is connected.
4. being used for as according to any one of claims 1 to 3 improves yellow phosphoric tail gas comprehensive utilization
The system of rate, it is characterised in that: the area of described all airports: the area of all fuel gas holes
For 2.5:1.
5. one kind is improved yellow phosphoric tail gas comprehensive utilization ratio based on being used for described in claim 3
The method of system, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
S1: by yellow phosphoric tail gas by, after dust arrester, deacidification device, being purified tail gas；
S2: cleaning of off-gas is passed through combustor, is adjusted by the electric adjustable air-valve (7) of combustor
Joint enters the air pressure in burner and flow, and cleaning of off-gas enters with air after entering burner
Mixed and the ignited rifle of row rotation is lighted, by the flow of electric control valve (1) regulation cleaning of off-gas,
Make cleaning of off-gas sustained combustion in the burner hearth of boiler；Gitter brick can the combustion of absorption cleaning tail gas
Burn the radiation that produces can and constantly accumulation of heat, after gitter brick accumulation of heat, it is possible to make the temperature in boiler furnace
Degree is higher than 1200 DEG C, the first heat-exchanging tube bundle in burner hearth, the second heat exchanger tube in convection device
After bundle absorbs heat energy, all produce substantial amounts of saturated vapor, after saturated vapor importing superheater tube is overheated,
Producing a large amount of superheated steam, set minimum operating pressures that P of sub-cylinder steam, P value scope is:
0.3MPa≤P≤0.5MPa, it is determined that the operating pressure of sub-cylinder steam is more than P, by all of
Superheated steam all introduces electricity generation system by the main gas transferring port of gas outlet valve；
S3: the low heat smoke after being burnt by cleaning of off-gas introduces waste-heat recovery device, low heat smoke
In waste-heat recovery device, carry out secondary heat exchange, obtain saturated vapor, the first waste gas and the first acid
Liquid；Saturated vapor introduces sub-cylinder steam, and saturated vapor is inputted heat supply system by sub-cylinder steam
System, enters waste liquid recovery apparatus by the first acid solution；
S4: the first waste gas is imported air-introduced machine, and waste gas is centrifuged being drawn by air-introduced machine, produces
Second acid solution and the second waste gas, enter waste liquid recovery apparatus by the second acid solution, is drawn by the second waste gas
Enter chimney；
S5: the second waste gas enters after chimney, continues cooling generation the during smoke pipe rises
Three acid solutions and the 3rd waste gas, enter air by the 3rd waste gas, and the 3rd acid solution enters devil liquor recovery dress
Put.
6. as claimed in claim 5 for improving the system of yellow phosphoric tail gas comprehensive utilization ratio
Method, it is characterised in that: step S2 judges that the operating pressure of sub-cylinder steam, will more than P
After all of superheated steam all introduces electricity generation system by the main gas transferring port of gas outlet valve, also include
Following steps: judge that the operating pressure of sub-cylinder steam, less than or equal to P, regulates steam electric adjustable
Joint valve, the superheated steam by 10%～40% accesses reducing-and-cooling plant, desuperheat by a defeated vapour
After superheated steam is converted into saturated vapor by decompressor, saturated vapor is accessed steam and divides vapour
Cylinder.
7. as claimed in claim 5 for improving the system of yellow phosphoric tail gas comprehensive utilization ratio
Method, it is characterised in that further comprising the steps of after described step S5: by devil liquor recovery
Waste liquid in device, as the base stock of phosphorous chemical industry, produces phosphate fertilizer and industrial phosphoric acid salt.
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| CN104501187A (en) * | 2015-01-21 | 2015-04-08 | 德州奥深节能环保技术有限公司 | Intermittently discharged organic waste gas gathering and processing method |
| CN104596305B (en) * | 2015-01-22 | 2017-02-22 | 绵阳启明星磷化工有限公司 | Complete-exhausting device and method for tail gas of yellow phosphorus electric furnace |
| CN108302947A (en) * | 2018-01-29 | 2018-07-20 | 武汉东晟捷能科技有限公司 | A kind of titanium dioxide calcining comprehensive utilization system for tail-gas and exhaust gas treating method |
| CN112355039B (en) * | 2020-12-06 | 2022-06-17 | 贵州福泉川东化工有限公司 | Storage and collection integrated double recovery device and recovery method for yellow phosphorus waste residues |
| CN112973348A (en) * | 2020-12-23 | 2021-06-18 | 山东成泰新材料有限公司 | Reaction heat energy utilization method for chemical enterprises |
| CN113915630B (en) * | 2021-09-18 | 2023-10-13 | 宁夏滨泽新能源科技有限公司 | Chemical industry tail gas processing apparatus with retrieve function |
| CN114811619B (en) * | 2022-05-04 | 2023-06-27 | 江西南方锅炉股份有限公司 | Control method of steam boiler system for burning yellow phosphorus tail gas |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN2164517Y (en) * | 1993-07-02 | 1994-05-11 | 天津市天凯医疗用品厂 | Far infrared hand-heating stove |
| CN2325736Y (en) * | 1997-11-17 | 1999-06-23 | 潍坊市坊子区坊子热力化工研究所 | Internal rotating type combustion furnace |
| CN100358800C (en) * | 2006-03-06 | 2008-01-02 | 昆明阳光基业股份有限公司 | Electric furnace method yellow phosphorus tail gas residual heat comprehensive balance utilizing system |
| CN100549188C (en) * | 2006-06-01 | 2009-10-14 | 上海宝钢工程技术有限公司 | Molten steel refining vacuum channel standby preheating device and method |
| CN202048570U (en) * | 2011-03-31 | 2011-11-23 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Wide-range temperature adjustment burner |
| CN102364249A (en) * | 2011-06-27 | 2012-02-29 | 山东润银生物化工股份有限公司 | Novel process for producing steam and generating electric power by recycling heat of waste residue, waste ash and waste gas |
| CN203082895U (en) * | 2013-01-14 | 2013-07-24 | 无锡市沈能节能锅炉有限公司 | Yellow phosphorus off gas recycling system |
| CN203183810U (en) * | 2013-04-10 | 2013-09-11 | 武汉东晟捷能科技有限公司 | Acid collection device used in tail gas boiler production line |
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Denomination of invention: System and method for increasing comprehensive utilization rate of yellow phosphorus tail gas Effective date of registration: 20180801 Granted publication date: 20160907 Pledgee: Guanggu Branch of Wuhan Rural Commercial Bank Co.,Ltd. Pledgor: WUHAN DONGSHENG JIENENG TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. Registration number: 2018420000038 |
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