CN104075332A - System and method for increasing comprehensive utilization rate of yellow phosphorus tail gas - Google Patents
System and method for increasing comprehensive utilization rate of yellow phosphorus tail gas Download PDFInfo
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- CN104075332A CN104075332A CN201410346322.1A CN201410346322A CN104075332A CN 104075332 A CN104075332 A CN 104075332A CN 201410346322 A CN201410346322 A CN 201410346322A CN 104075332 A CN104075332 A CN 104075332A
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- tail gas
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- waste
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- OBSZRRSYVTXPNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraphosphorus Chemical compound P12P3P1P32 OBSZRRSYVTXPNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title abstract description 24
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 226
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 40
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydridophosphorus(.) (triplet) Chemical compound [PH] BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002686 phosphate fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003016 phosphoric acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001413 cellular effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002459 sustained effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 28
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 11
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 9
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 7
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 4
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004280 Sodium formate Substances 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- HLBBKKJFGFRGMU-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium formate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C=O HLBBKKJFGFRGMU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 235000019254 sodium formate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 241001466460 Alveolata Species 0.000 description 1
- XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyanide Chemical compound N#[C-] XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000009781 Myrtillocactus geometrizans Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000009125 Myrtillocactus geometrizans Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008236 heating water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001741 organic sulfur group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000565 sealant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/12—Heat utilisation in combustion or incineration of waste
Landscapes
- Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
- Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a system and a method for increasing a comprehensive utilization rate of yellow phosphorus tail gas and relates to the field of recycling of the yellow phosphorus tail gas. The system comprises a tail gas purification device, a tail gas burning device, a steam utilization device and a waste liquid recovery device, wherein the tail gas purification device is connected with the tail gas burning device; the tail gas burning device is connected with the steam utilization device and the waste liquid recovery device; the tail gas purification device comprises a dust removing device and a deacidification device; the tail gas burning device comprises a burner, a boiler, a waste heat recovery device, an induced draft fan and a chimney; the dust removing device, the deacidification device, the burner, the boiler, the waste heat recovery device, the induced draft fan and the chimney are connected in sequence; a steam outlet valve is arranged on the outer side of the boiler and comprises a main steam transmission port and a branch steam transmission port; the boiler is internally provided with a plurality of thermal storage bricks made of rare earth; the thermal storage bricks are placed in a honeycomb shape; and the system and the method are relatively environment-friendly, and can increase an economic value and the utilization rate of the yellow phosphorus tail gas.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to yellow phosphoric tail gas and recycle field, be specifically related to a kind of for improving the system and method for yellow phosphoric tail gas comprehensive utilization ratio.
Background technology
Existing phosphorus production method is generally electric furnace process, and 1 ton of yellow phosphorus of every production all can produce 2500～2800Nm3 yellow phosphoric tail gas.The main component of yellow phosphoric tail gas is that volume fraction is 87～92% CO, contains inorganic sulfur (S, H simultaneously
2s, SO
2), organic sulfur (CH
4sH, COS), SiF
4, PH
3, P
4, HF, CH
4, CO
2, O
2, N
2, the impurity such as cyanide and dust.In existing yellow phosphoric tail gas, the content of sulphur is 0.8%～8.0%g/m
3, the content of phosphorus is 0.5%～1.5%g/m
3, the fuel value of yellow phosphoric tail gas is 10.5～11MJ/m
3.
Present stage, it is emptying that torch is lighted by yellow phosphoric tail gas conventionally by enterprise, or as fuel, for the required thermal source of polymerization kiln of phosphate production system, the yellow phosphoric tail gas as fuel of preliminary purification produces saturated vapor for heat energy power-generating by the yellow phosphoric tail gas not purifying; Yellow phosphoric tail gas after purifying is used as to carbon one chemical industry, as unstripped gas such as sodium formate, formic acid.
There is following defect in existing yellow phosphoric tail gas processing method:
(1) after yellow phosphoric tail gas burning, can produce and contain in a large number NO
2, SO
2and SO
3sour gas, sour gas enters after atmosphere and soil, easily contaminated environment.
(2) yellow phosphoric tail gas as fuel is dried to the thermal source of ore, the polymerization kiln in phosphate production system, or as fuel heating water, hot water can be used in yellow phosphorus insulation, due to yellow phosphorus insulation, oven dry ore and polymerization kiln thermal source less energy intensive, only account for 15% of the total quantity of heat production of yellow phosphoric tail gas, therefore most of yellow phosphoric tail gas can only fire empty discharge, and the utilization rate of yellow phosphoric tail gas is lower.
(3) will after purifying exhausting gas of yellow phosphorus, as unstripped gas, be used for carbon one chemical industry, while producing as sodium formate, formic acid etc., because the purification cost of yellow phosphoric tail gas is higher, add and limit by technology, domestic developed carbon one chemical products added value is lower at present, therefore, use yellow phosphoric tail gas lower as the economic worth of synthesis material, the product production capacity of carbon one chemical industry is seriously superfluous, and product discontinuance or discontinuity are produced, and the utilization rate of yellow phosphoric tail gas is lower.
(4) while producing low-pressure saturated steam for Chemical Manufacture or generating using yellow phosphoric tail gas as boiler oil, the yellow phosphoric tail gas of Ruo Jiang unit's phosphorus production is all for the production of saturated vapor, the required saturated vapor amount of phosphorus production self, only accounts for 20% of total steam production; When saturated vapor is used for generating electricity, generating efficiency is lower, and saturated vapor easily causes turbine vane cavitation simultaneously, due to complicated in yellow phosphoric tail gas, the gas middle acid substance after burning is more, and corrosivity is stronger, easily corrosion boiler, therefore, utilizes the cost of yellow phosphoric tail gas generating higher.
Summary of the invention
For the defect existing in prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind ofly for improving the system and method for yellow phosphoric tail gas comprehensive utilization ratio, relatively environmental protection, can improve the economic worth of yellow phosphoric tail gas, improve the utilization rate of yellow phosphoric tail gas, improve the generating efficiency of yellow phosphoric tail gas.
For reaching above object, the technical scheme that the present invention takes is: a kind of for improving the system of yellow phosphoric tail gas comprehensive utilization ratio, comprise exhaust gas cleaner, tail gas burner, steam utilization apparatus and waste liquid recovery apparatus, exhaust gas cleaner is connected with tail gas burner, and tail gas burner is connected with steam utilization apparatus, waste liquid recovery apparatus;
Exhaust gas cleaner comprises dust arrester and deacidification device, and tail gas burner comprises combustor, boiler, waste-heat recovery device, air-introduced machine and chimney; Described dust arrester, deacidification device, combustor, boiler, waste-heat recovery device, air-introduced machine and chimney are connected in turn; The arranged outside of described boiler has gas outlet valve, and gas outlet valve comprises main gas transferring port and a gas transferring port; The inside of described boiler is provided with the gitter brick that some employing rare earths are made, and some gitter bricks are put into cellular;
Described steam utilization apparatus comprises steam generating system, sub-cylinder steam and heating system, and sub-cylinder steam is connected with heating system; The main gas transferring port of described gas outlet valve is connected with steam generating system, and gas transferring port is connected with sub-cylinder steam, between described gas transferring port and sub-cylinder steam, is provided with reducing-and-cooling plant, and described waste-heat recovery device is connected with heating system by sub-cylinder steam; Described waste-heat recovery device, air-introduced machine and chimney are all connected with waste liquid recovery apparatus.
On the basis of such scheme, described combustor comprises combustion head, and the arranged outside of combustor is useful on Gas Pipe and the air duct being used in conjunction with combustion head, and the inside of combustion head is provided with burner;
Combustion head comprises gas inlet end and air inlet end, gas inlet end is connected with Gas Pipe, air inlet end is connected with air duct, between air inlet end and air duct, be provided with air blast switch, for the electric adjustable air-valve of regulating gas and AIR Proportional, air blast switch is electrically connected to electric adjustable air-valve; Between gas inlet end and Gas Pipe, be disposed with electric control valve, pneumatic cut-off valve and film resultant pressure table, gas inlet end is connected part and is provided with gaseous-pressure switch with Gas Pipe, and the bottom of gaseous-pressure switch is provided with blowoff valve;
Burner comprises the mouth heart and sleeve, and jacket casing is connected to the outside of the mouth heart, and the cross section of sleeve is the annular that external diameter is 30～70mm, and the cross section of the mouth heart is the circle that radius is 20～50mm; Sleeve has some airports, and the mouth heart has some fuel gas holes, the area of all airports: the area of all fuel gas holes is 2:1～3:1.
On the basis of such scheme, the arranged outside of described combustion head has fire observation window, the arranged outside of fire observation window has flame detector and gas ignition rifle, the arranged outside of gas ignition rifle has the moving valve of igniter gas and air magnetic valve, air magnetic valve is connected with compressed air line, and igniting pneumatic operated valve is connected with liquefied gas pipeline.
On the basis of such scheme, described boiler comprises burner hearth, superheater and convection device, and burner hearth is connected with convection device by superheater, and described gitter brick is arranged at the inside of burner hearth; The inwall of burner hearth is provided with the first heat-exchanging tube bundle, the inside of convection device is provided with the second heat-exchanging tube bundle, the inside of superheater is provided with superheater tube, and superheater tube comprises admission end and steam output end, and the first heat-exchanging tube bundle, the second heat-exchanging tube bundle are all connected with the admission end of superheater tube; The steam output end of superheater tube is connected with the gas outlet valve that is arranged at superheater top.
On the basis of such scheme, the area of described all airports: the area of all fuel gas holes is 2.5:1.
Based on for improving a method for the system of yellow phosphoric tail gas comprehensive utilization ratio, comprise the following steps:
S1: yellow phosphoric tail gas is passed through, after dust arrester, deacidification device, to be purified tail gas;
S2: cleaning of off-gas is passed into combustor, electric adjustable air-valve adjusting by combustor enters air pressure and the flow in burner, cleaning of off-gas revolves mixed and is lighted by burning torch with air after entering burner, by the flow of motorized adjustment valve regulation cleaning of off-gas, make cleaning of off-gas sustained combustion in the burner hearth of boiler, the radiant energy that gitter brick can absorption cleaning exhaust combustion produces constantly accumulation of heat, after gitter brick accumulation of heat, can make temperature in boiler furnace higher than 1200 ℃, the first heat-exchanging tube bundle in burner hearth, the second heat-exchanging tube bundle in convection device absorbs after heat energy, all produce a large amount of saturated vapors, after saturated vapor importing superheater tube is overheated, produce a large amount of superheated steams, set the minimum working pressure power P of sub-cylinder steam, P value scope is: 0.3MPa≤P≤0.5MPa, the operating pressure of judging sub-cylinder steam is greater than P, all superheated steams are all introduced to electricity generation system by the main gas transferring port of gas outlet valve,
S3: the low-heat flue gas after cleaning of off-gas burning is introduced to waste-heat recovery device, and low-heat flue gas carries out secondary heat exchange in waste-heat recovery device, obtains saturated vapor, the first waste gas and the first acid solution; Saturated vapor is introduced to sub-cylinder steam, and sub-cylinder steam is inputted heating system by saturated vapor, and the first acid solution is entered to waste liquid recovery apparatus;
S4: the first waste gas is imported to air-introduced machine, and air-introduced machine carries out centrifugal taking out to waste gas and draws, produces the second acid solution and the second waste gas, and the second acid solution is entered to waste liquid recovery apparatus, and the second waste gas is introduced to chimney;
S5: the second waste gas enters after chimney, continues cooling produce the 3rd acid solution and the 3rd waste gas at smoke pipe in the process rising, the 3rd waste gas is entered to atmosphere, and the 3rd acid solution enters waste liquid recovery apparatus.
On the basis of such scheme, step S2 judges that the operating pressure of sub-cylinder steam is greater than P, after all superheated steams are all introduced to electricity generation system by the main gas transferring port of gas outlet valve, further comprising the steps of: the operating pressure of judging sub-cylinder steam is less than or equal to P, steam regulation electric control valve, by 10%～40% superheated steam, by a defeated vapour access reducing-and-cooling plant, reducing-and-cooling plant is converted into superheated steam after saturated vapor, and saturated vapor is accessed to sub-cylinder steam.
On the basis of such scheme, further comprising the steps of after described step S5: the waste liquid in waste liquid recovery apparatus, as the base stock of phosphorous chemical industry, is produced phosphate fertilizer and industrial phosphoric acid salt.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) embodiment of the present invention for improving the system and method for yellow phosphoric tail gas comprehensive utilization ratio, waste gas utilization device can be that Lowlevel thermal energy meets production heat demand for producing steam by the effective and reasonable whole utilizations of all tail gas in phosphorus production by electricity generation system and heating system, high level heat is for generating, reduce unit product productive power demand, reduce costs; Compare with direct emptying the setting off of tail gas a large amount of in prior art, can save a large amount of energy.
(2) combustor of the present invention comprises electric adjustable air-valve, it is 2:1～3:1 that electric adjustable air-valve can regulate the air distribution ratio of air and combustion gas, and airport is positioned at the periphery of fuel gas hole, air can fully mix with cleaning of off-gas, and the pressure regulation by air makes torch compact, and the friction that strengthens fuel and air, makes combustion flame remain high temperature blue flame, cleaning of off-gas can fully burn, and has effectively improved the burnout rate of yellow phosphoric tail gas, in boiler, be provided with the gitter brick that adopts rare earth to make, gitter brick is arranged to alveolate texture for strengthening heat accumulation, after gitter brick accumulation of heat, make temperature in boiler furnace higher than 1200 ℃, now, all fuel gas in tail gas can at high temperature can fully be burnt, when greatly having improved the burnout rate of cleaning of off-gas, effectively strengthened the absorption of burner hearth to radiations heat energy, improved the thermal efficiency of boiler, produce a large amount of superheated steams, superheated steam can produce a large amount of electric energy after entering TRT, this electric energy can be used in the production of yellow phosphorus, effectively reduce the production cost of yellow phosphorus, improved the utilization rate of yellow phosphoric tail gas.
(3) embodiment of the present invention comprises waste liquid recovery apparatus, the acid solution that waste liquid recovery apparatus can recovery waste heat retracting device, air-introduced machine and chimney produce, acid solution can be as the raw materials for production of downstream product, downstream product comprises phosphate fertilizer and industrial phosphoric acid salt etc., with in prior art, directly acid solution is entered to air and compares with sewage, reduced the environmental pollution that yellow phosphoric tail gas burning brings, not only relatively environmental protection, and improved the economic benefit of yellow phosphoric tail gas comprehensive utilization.
(4) embodiment of the present invention comprises boiler, boiler comprises burner hearth, superheater and convection device, the saturated vapor producing in burner hearth and convection device all can import superheater, and change into superheated steam by superheater, the top of superheater is provided with gas outlet valve, gas outlet valve comprises main gas transferring port and a gas transferring port, and main gas transferring port is connected with steam generating system, and a gas transferring port is connected with steam electric control valve, reducing-and-cooling plant, sub-cylinder steam successively by pipeline.The heat content of superheated steam is higher than the heat content of saturated vapor, so use superheated steam generation, generating efficiency is higher, the in the situation that in production system, saturated vapor being under-supply, superheated steam can be converted into saturated vapor by reducing-and-cooling plant, saturated vapor can access in heating system by sub-cylinder steam, provides phosphorus production required, improves the comprehensive utilization ratio of the energy; Effectively improved the utilization rate of boiler generation heat energy.The electric energy that phosphorus production per ton needs is 15000KW/h, by the yellow phosphoric tail gas as fuel producing in phosphorus production process per ton, its heat energy is all for generation of steam, can produce 10 tons of low-pressure saturated steam (pressure 1.25MPa, 193 ℃ of temperature), heat energy produces superheated steam for generating, can be converted into 2000KW/h electric energy, the electric energy producing, for phosphorus production, can effectively be reduced to the production cost of yellow phosphorus enterprise.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that the present invention is for improving the structured flowchart of the system of yellow phosphoric tail gas comprehensive utilization ratio;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of combustor in the present invention.
In figure: 1-electric control valve, 2-pneumatic cut-off valve, 3-film resultant pressure table, 4-Gas Pipe, 5-gaseous-pressure switch, 6-blowoff valve, 7-electric adjustable air-valve, 8-blast switch, 9-air duct, 10-fire observation window, 11-combustion head.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is described in further detail.
Shown in Figure 1, it is a kind of for improving the system and method for yellow phosphoric tail gas comprehensive utilization ratio that the embodiment of the present invention provides, this system comprises exhaust gas cleaner, tail gas burner, steam utilization apparatus and waste liquid recovery apparatus, exhaust gas cleaner is connected with tail gas burner, and tail gas burner is connected with steam utilization apparatus, waste liquid recovery apparatus.
Exhaust gas cleaner comprises aeration tower, bleed water seal, dust arrester, deacidification device, water ring compressor, gas holder, moisture trap and Safety water seal, is provided with wire gauzee filter in Safety water seal, and moisture trap comprises inlet end and exhaust end.
One end of aeration tower is connected with yellow phosphoric tail gas pipe, the other end by bleed water seal successively with dust arrester, deacidification device, water ring compressor, gas holder is connected is connected with the inlet end of moisture trap, moisture trap exhaust end be connected with one end of Safety water seal, the other end of Safety water seal is connected with Gas Pipe 4.
Tail gas burner comprises combustor, boiler, waste-heat recovery device, air-introduced machine and chimney.
Combustor comprises gas inlet end and burner, boiler comprises burner hearth, superheater and convection device, burner hearth is connected with convection device by superheater, superheater top is provided with gas outlet valve, burner hearth is connected with convection device by superheater, the inside of burner hearth is provided with the gitter brick that some employing rare earths are made, and some gitter bricks are put into cellular; The inwall of burner hearth is provided with the first heat-exchanging tube bundle, the inside of convection device is provided with the second heat-exchanging tube bundle, the inside of superheater is provided with superheater tube, superheater tube includes vapour end and steam output end, the first heat-exchanging tube bundle, the second heat-exchanging tube bundle are all connected with the vapour end that enters of superheater tube, the steam output end of superheater tube is connected with gas outlet valve, and gas outlet valve is positioned at superheater top.
The top of superheater is provided with gas outlet valve, the air intake of gas outlet valve is connected with the steam output end of superheater tube, gas outlet valve comprises main gas transferring port and a gas transferring port, main gas transferring port is connected with steam generating system, and a gas transferring port is connected with steam electric control valve, reducing-and-cooling plant, sub-cylinder steam successively by pipeline.
The arranged outside of waste-heat recovery device has water intaking valve and saturated main steam valve, blowoff valve, and its bottom is provided with the first waste liquid discharge line.Waste-heat recovery device is connected with water pump by pipeline by water intaking valve for water inlet, saturated main steam valve is connected with steam distribution cylinder by pipeline, blowoff valve is for getting rid of the waste water of waste-heat recovery device, the first waste liquid discharge line is discharged for the acid solution of collecting bottom waste heat apparatus, the bottom of air-introduced machine is provided with the second waste liquid discharge line, and chimney bottom is provided with the 3rd waste liquid discharge line.
Participate in shown in Fig. 2, combustor comprises combustion head 11, the arranged outside of combustor is useful on Gas Pipe 4 and the air duct 9 being used in conjunction with combustion head 11, combustion head 11 comprises gas inlet end and air inlet end, the inside of combustion head 11 is provided with burner, and the arranged outside of combustion head 11 has fire observation window 10.
The gas inlet end of combustion head 11 is connected with Gas Pipe 4, air inlet end is connected with air duct 9, between air inlet end and air duct 9, be provided with air blast switch and for the electric adjustable air-valve 7 of regulating gas and AIR Proportional, air blast switch is electrically connected to electric adjustable air-valve 7.Between gas inlet end and Gas Pipe 4, be disposed with electric control valve 1, pneumatic cut-off valve 2 and film resultant pressure table 3, gas inlet end is connected part with Gas Pipe 4 and is provided with gaseous-pressure switch 5, and the bottom of gaseous-pressure switch 5 is provided with blowoff valve 6.
The arranged outside of fire observation window 10 has flame detector and gas ignition rifle, and the arranged outside of gas ignition rifle has the moving valve of igniter gas and air magnetic valve, and air magnetic valve is connected with compressed air line, and igniting pneumatic operated valve is connected with liquefied gas pipeline.Fire observation window 10 is for observing the flame combustion situation in combustion head 11, and staff can regulate electric adjustable air-valve 7 according to flame situation, controls the ratio of yellow phosphoric tail gas and air.
Burner comprises that the cross section of sleeve is the annular that external diameter is 30～70mm for discharging the mouth heart of combustion gas and for discharging the sleeve of air, jacket casing is connected to the outside of the mouth heart, and the cross section of the mouth heart is the circle that radius is 20～50mm; Sleeve has some airports, the mouth heart has some fuel gas holes, the area of all airports: the area of all fuel gas holes is 2:1～3:1, staff can regulate the air distribution ratio size of air and combustion gas by electric adjustable air-valve 7, electric adjustable air-valve 7 can control to adjust air pressure and the flow entering in burner.
The gas inlet end of combustor is connected with Gas Pipe 4, the burner of combustor is embedded in the furnace wall corresponding with boiler furnace, burner is connected part and is provided with the sealant that adopts refractory concrete to make with furnace wall, air control valve is connected with air blast by air duct, the exhanst gas outlet of boiler is connected with the gas approach of waste-heat recovery device by connecting flue, waste-heat recovery device is connected with air-introduced machine by flue, and air-introduced machine is connected with chimney by flue.
The 3rd waste liquid discharge line of the first waste liquid discharge line of waste-heat recovery device, the second waste liquid discharge line of air-introduced machine and chimney is all connected with waste liquid recovery apparatus.
Steam utilization apparatus comprises sub-cylinder steam, steam turbine power generating and heating system, sub-cylinder steam is connected with heating system, steam turbine power generating is connected with the venthole of superheater, the top of steam sub-cylinder is provided with the first connection valve and the second connection valve, the first connection valve is connected with the saturated main steam valve of waste-heat recovery device, and the second connection valve regulates motor-driven valve to be connected with a gas transferring port for gas outlet valve by reducing-and-cooling plant, steam successively.
Based on comprising the following steps for improving the method for yellow phosphorus tail gas combustion heat energy utilization rate of said system:
Step 1: the tail gas that phosphorus production is produced passes into electric furnace aeration tower and passes into successively dust arrester and deacidification device through water seal, obtain thick cleaning of off-gas, thick cleaning of off-gas is passed into water ring compressor to be compressed and is pressed into gas holder, after the pressure that regulates compressed tail gas through gas holder, pass into moisture trap (gas holder can be used in and stores compressed tail gas), moisture trap is removed the moisture content in compressed tail gas, obtain dried tail gas, and dried tail gas is passed into wire gauzee filter, wire gauzee filter is removed organic solvent and the solid impurity in dried tail gas, be purified tail gas, cleaning of off-gas enters exhaust pipe by Safety water seal.
Step 2: exhaust pipe passes into combustor by cleaning of off-gas, regulate the electric adjustable air-valve 7 of combustor, after making the air distribution ratio of all air and combustion gas be 2:1～3:1, yellow phosphoric tail gas revolves mixed with air after entering burner, after igniter is lighted, combustor is controlled air quantity and blast according to PDI algorithmic technique, and by the flow of electric control valve 1 adjusting cleaning of off-gas, make cleaning of off-gas sustained combustion in the burner hearth of boiler, the heat energy that fuel gas buring produces not only can heat the water in heat-exchanging tube bundle, form steam, and the radiant energy that burning produces can make the continuous accumulation of heat of gitter brick in boiler, after gitter brick accumulation of heat, can make temperature in boiler higher than 1200 ℃, the first heat-exchanging tube bundle in burner hearth, the second heat-exchanging tube bundle in convection device absorbs after heat energy, all produce a large amount of saturated vapors, after saturated vapor importing superheater tube is overheated, produce a large amount of superheated steams.
Temperature in boiler is during higher than 1200 ℃, and all fuel gas in tail gas all can fully burn, and when greatly having improved the burnout rate of cleaning of off-gas, have effectively strengthened the absorption of burner hearth to radiations heat energy, have improved the thermal efficiency of boiler.
Produce after a large amount of superheated steams, superheated steam is entered to TRT and can produce a large amount of electric energy, this electric energy can be used in the production of yellow phosphorus.
The minimum working pressure power P that sets sub-cylinder steam, P value scope is: 0.3MPa≤P≤0.5MPa, judge whether the operating pressure of sub-cylinder steam is greater than P, if so, by all superheated steams, the main gas transferring port by gas outlet valve enters electricity generation system; Otherwise, steam regulation electric control valve, by 10%～40% superheated steam, by a gas transferring port access reducing-and-cooling plant, reducing-and-cooling plant is converted into superheated steam after saturated vapor, and saturated vapor is accessed to sub-cylinder steam, meets the demand of process steam.
Low-heat flue gas after cleaning of off-gas burning enters waste-heat recovery device by the flue gas interface channel of boiler, carry out the secondary recovery utilization of heat energy, low-heat flue gas enters after waste-heat recovery device, water in waste-heat recovery device is heated, produce saturated vapor, the first waste gas and the first acid solution, saturated vapor is connected with sub-cylinder steam by the saturated main steam valve of waste-heat recovery device, sub-cylinder steam is inputted heating system by saturated vapor, the first waste gas is connected to air-introduced machine through smoke pipe, and the first acid solution enters waste liquid recovery apparatus by the first waste liquid discharge line.
Step 3: air-introduced machine carries out centrifugal taking out to waste gas and draws in process, produces the second acid solution and the second waste gas, and waste gas is introduced chimney, and the second acid solution enters waste liquid recovery apparatus.
Step 4: the second waste gas enters after chimney, continues cooling produce the 3rd acid solution and the 3rd waste gas at smoke pipe in the process rising, the 3rd waste gas enters atmosphere through chimney, the logical waste liquid recovery apparatus that enters of the 3rd acid solution.
Step 5: all acid solutions are regularly taken out from waste liquid recovery apparatus, and acid solution is that phosphoric acid is main mixture, as the base stock of phosphorous chemical industry, produces phosphate fertilizer, rust remover, industrial phosphoric acid salt etc.
In the embodiment of the present invention, for improving the method for yellow phosphorus tail gas combustion heat energy utilization rate, can access the raw material that electric energy, saturated vapor and phosphorous chemical industry are produced.
Take that to produce the tail gas that 1 ton of yellow phosphorus produces be example, adopt the system and method for the embodiment of the present invention, can be converted into 1500KW～2000KW electric energy and 30～50kg phosphoric acid by producing the exhaust combustion heat energy that 1 ton of yellow phosphorus produces; Or 8～15 tons of saturated vapors and 30～50kg phosphoric acid.
Calculation Method of Economic Benefit is as follows:
If the exhaust heat-energy of producing 1 ton of yellow phosphorus generation is all used for generating electricity, electricity price is by 0.8 yuan/KW, the tail gas of producing 1 ton of yellow phosphorus generation can produce the commercial value of 1200～1600 yuan, if exhaust heat-energy is all used for producing saturated vapor, steam price is by 200 yuan/ton of calculating, and the tail gas of producing 1 ton of yellow phosphorus generation can produce the commercial value of 1600～3000 yuan.
It is main acid solution that 1 ton of yellow phosphorus of every production is approximately collected 30～50kg phosphoric acid, by 3000 yuan of value calculation per ton, produces 1 ton of yellow phosphorus restored acid liquid and can produce the commercial value of 90～150 yuan.
1 ton of yellow phosphorus of every production of present stage need to consume 13000KW～15000KW electric weight, and phosphorus production cost is maintaining 12000 yuan～13000 yuan/ton at present, and yellow phosphorus price is at present at 14000 yuan～15000 yuan/ton.
Produce 1 ton of yellow phosphorus, after the tail gas comprehensive utilization to producing, comprehensive energy consumption declines approximately more than 15%, and the unit cost of production on average declines 2000 yuan/ton, and energy-saving benefit highly significant has also alleviated the pollution to environment simultaneously.
The present invention is not limited to above-mentioned embodiment, for those skilled in the art, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, can also make some improvements and modifications, within these improvements and modifications are also considered as protection scope of the present invention.The content not being described in detail in this description belongs to the known prior art of professional and technical personnel in the field.
Claims (8)
1. one kind for improving the system of yellow phosphoric tail gas comprehensive utilization ratio, it is characterized in that: comprise exhaust gas cleaner, tail gas burner, steam utilization apparatus and waste liquid recovery apparatus, exhaust gas cleaner is connected with tail gas burner, and tail gas burner is connected with steam utilization apparatus, waste liquid recovery apparatus;
Exhaust gas cleaner comprises dust arrester and deacidification device, and tail gas burner comprises combustor, boiler, waste-heat recovery device, air-introduced machine and chimney; Described dust arrester, deacidification device, combustor, boiler, waste-heat recovery device, air-introduced machine and chimney are connected in turn; The arranged outside of described boiler has gas outlet valve, and gas outlet valve comprises main gas transferring port and a gas transferring port; The inside of described boiler is provided with the gitter brick that some employing rare earths are made, and some gitter bricks are put into cellular;
Described steam utilization apparatus comprises steam generating system, sub-cylinder steam and heating system, and sub-cylinder steam is connected with heating system; The main gas transferring port of described gas outlet valve is connected with steam generating system, and gas transferring port is connected with sub-cylinder steam, between described gas transferring port and sub-cylinder steam, is provided with reducing-and-cooling plant, and described waste-heat recovery device is connected with heating system by sub-cylinder steam; Described waste-heat recovery device, air-introduced machine and chimney are all connected with waste liquid recovery apparatus.
2. as claimed in claim 1 for improving the system of yellow phosphoric tail gas comprehensive utilization ratio, it is characterized in that: described combustor comprises combustion head (11), the arranged outside of combustor is useful on Gas Pipe (4) and the air duct (9) being used in conjunction with combustion head (11), and the inside of combustion head (11) is provided with burner;
Combustion head (11) comprises gas inlet end and air inlet end, gas inlet end is connected with Gas Pipe (4), air inlet end is connected with air duct (9), between air inlet end and air duct (9), be provided with air blast switch, for the electric adjustable air-valve (7) of regulating gas and AIR Proportional, air blast switch is electrically connected to electric adjustable air-valve (7); Between gas inlet end and Gas Pipe (4), be disposed with electric control valve (1), pneumatic cut-off valve (2) and film resultant pressure table (3), gas inlet end is connected part with Gas Pipe (4) and is provided with gaseous-pressure switch (5), and the bottom of gaseous-pressure switch (5) is provided with blowoff valve (6);
Burner comprises the mouth heart and sleeve, and jacket casing is connected to the outside of the mouth heart, and the cross section of sleeve is the annular that external diameter is 30～70mm, and the cross section of the mouth heart is the circle that radius is 20～50mm; Sleeve has some airports, and the mouth heart has some fuel gas holes, the area of all airports: the area of all fuel gas holes is 2:1～3:1.
3. as claimed in claim 2 for improving the system of yellow phosphoric tail gas comprehensive utilization ratio, it is characterized in that: the arranged outside of described combustion head (11) has fire observation window (10), the arranged outside of fire observation window (10) has flame detector and gas ignition rifle, the arranged outside of gas ignition rifle has the moving valve of igniter gas and air magnetic valve, air magnetic valve is connected with compressed air line, and igniting pneumatic operated valve is connected with liquefied gas pipeline.
4. as claimed in claim 3 for improving the system of yellow phosphoric tail gas comprehensive utilization ratio, it is characterized in that: described boiler comprises burner hearth, superheater and convection device, burner hearth is connected with convection device by superheater, and described gitter brick is arranged at the inside of burner hearth; The inwall of burner hearth is provided with the first heat-exchanging tube bundle, the inside of convection device is provided with the second heat-exchanging tube bundle, the inside of superheater is provided with superheater tube, and superheater tube comprises admission end and steam output end, and the first heat-exchanging tube bundle, the second heat-exchanging tube bundle are all connected with the admission end of superheater tube; The steam output end of superheater tube is connected with the gas outlet valve that is arranged at superheater top.
As described in any one in claim 2～4 for improving the system of yellow phosphoric tail gas comprehensive utilization ratio, it is characterized in that: the area of described all airports: the area of all fuel gas holes is 2.5:1.
6. based on claimed in claim 4, for improving a method for the system of yellow phosphoric tail gas comprehensive utilization ratio, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
S1: yellow phosphoric tail gas is passed through, after dust arrester, deacidification device, to be purified tail gas;
S2: cleaning of off-gas is passed into combustor, electric adjustable air-valve (7) adjusting by combustor enters air pressure and the flow in burner, cleaning of off-gas revolves mixed and is lighted by burning torch with air after entering burner, the flow that regulates cleaning of off-gas by electric control valve (1), makes cleaning of off-gas sustained combustion in the burner hearth of boiler, the radiant energy that gitter brick can absorption cleaning exhaust combustion produces constantly accumulation of heat, after gitter brick accumulation of heat, can make temperature in boiler furnace higher than 1200 ℃, the first heat-exchanging tube bundle in burner hearth, the second heat-exchanging tube bundle in convection device absorbs after heat energy, all produce a large amount of saturated vapors, after saturated vapor importing superheater tube is overheated, produce a large amount of superheated steams, set the minimum working pressure power P of sub-cylinder steam, P value scope is: 0.3MPa≤P≤0.5MPa, the operating pressure of judging sub-cylinder steam is greater than P, all superheated steams are all introduced to electricity generation system by the main gas transferring port of gas outlet valve,
S3: the low-heat flue gas after cleaning of off-gas burning is introduced to waste-heat recovery device, and low-heat flue gas carries out secondary heat exchange in waste-heat recovery device, obtains saturated vapor, the first waste gas and the first acid solution; Saturated vapor is introduced to sub-cylinder steam, and sub-cylinder steam is inputted heating system by saturated vapor, and the first acid solution is entered to waste liquid recovery apparatus;
S4: the first waste gas is imported to air-introduced machine, and air-introduced machine carries out centrifugal taking out to waste gas and draws, produces the second acid solution and the second waste gas, and the second acid solution is entered to waste liquid recovery apparatus, and the second waste gas is introduced to chimney;
S5: the second waste gas enters after chimney, continues cooling produce the 3rd acid solution and the 3rd waste gas at smoke pipe in the process rising, the 3rd waste gas is entered to atmosphere, and the 3rd acid solution enters waste liquid recovery apparatus.
7. as claimed in claim 6 for improving the method for yellow phosphoric tail gas comprehensive utilization ratio, it is characterized in that: step S2 judges that the operating pressure of sub-cylinder steam is greater than P, after all superheated steams are all introduced to electricity generation system by the main gas transferring port of gas outlet valve, further comprising the steps of: the operating pressure of judging sub-cylinder steam is less than or equal to P, steam regulation electric control valve, 10%～40% superheated steam is accessed to a reducing-and-cooling plant by a defeated vapour, reducing-and-cooling plant is converted into superheated steam after saturated vapor, and saturated vapor is accessed to sub-cylinder steam.
8. as claimed in claim 6ly for improving the method for yellow phosphoric tail gas comprehensive utilization ratio, it is characterized in that, further comprising the steps of after described step S5: the waste liquid in waste liquid recovery apparatus, as the base stock of phosphorous chemical industry, is produced phosphate fertilizer and industrial phosphoric acid salt.
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| CN104501187A (en) * | 2015-01-21 | 2015-04-08 | 德州奥深节能环保技术有限公司 | Intermittently discharged organic waste gas gathering and processing method |
| CN104596305A (en) * | 2015-01-22 | 2015-05-06 | 绵阳启明星磷化工有限公司 | Complete-exhausting device and method for tail gas of yellow phosphorus electric furnace |
| CN108302947A (en) * | 2018-01-29 | 2018-07-20 | 武汉东晟捷能科技有限公司 | A kind of titanium dioxide calcining comprehensive utilization system for tail-gas and exhaust gas treating method |
| CN112355039A (en) * | 2020-12-06 | 2021-02-12 | 贵州福泉川东化工有限公司 | Storage and collection integrated double recovery device and recovery method for yellow phosphorus waste residues |
| CN112973348A (en) * | 2020-12-23 | 2021-06-18 | 山东成泰新材料有限公司 | Reaction heat energy utilization method for chemical enterprises |
| CN113915630A (en) * | 2021-09-18 | 2022-01-11 | 芜湖优机环保科技有限公司 | Chemical industry tail gas processing apparatus with retrieve function |
| CN114811619A (en) * | 2022-05-04 | 2022-07-29 | 江西南方锅炉股份有限公司 | Steam boiler system for combusting yellow phosphorus tail gas and control method thereof |
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| CN114811619A (en) * | 2022-05-04 | 2022-07-29 | 江西南方锅炉股份有限公司 | Steam boiler system for combusting yellow phosphorus tail gas and control method thereof |
| CN114811619B (en) * | 2022-05-04 | 2023-06-27 | 江西南方锅炉股份有限公司 | Control method of steam boiler system for burning yellow phosphorus tail gas |
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