CN207737238U - A kind of gradient cutting buffering energy-absorbing structure - Google Patents
A kind of gradient cutting buffering energy-absorbing structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN207737238U CN207737238U CN201820061662.3U CN201820061662U CN207737238U CN 207737238 U CN207737238 U CN 207737238U CN 201820061662 U CN201820061662 U CN 201820061662U CN 207737238 U CN207737238 U CN 207737238U
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Abstract
The utility model belongs to collision and energy absorption field, specifically discloses a kind of gradient cutting buffering energy-absorbing structure, including several thick-walled pipes and at least one thin-wall tube；Thick-walled pipe and the axially spaced setting of thin-wall tube simultaneously connect into an entirety, and the inner tube central axis of thick-walled pipe is overlapped with the inner tube central axis of thin-wall tube；Each thin-wall tube both ends are respectively connected with thick-walled pipe, and graded, the corresponding radial thickness of the longest thin-wall tube of axial length are minimum in an axial direction for the axial length and radial thickness of different thin-wall tubes.The thick-walled pipe of the utility model and the axially spaced setting of thin-wall tube simultaneously connect into an entirety, different thin-wall tube axial lengths graded in an axial direction so that conquassation gauffer occurs for one section to most short one section successively from longest；Different thin-wall tube radial thickness graded in an axial direction so that conquassation gauffer occurs successively from most thin one section to most thick one section；The corresponding radial thickness of axial length longest thin-wall tube is minimum so that the position that conquassation gauffer occurs more accurately controls.
Description
Technical field
The utility model belongs to collision and energy absorption field, and in particular to a kind of gradient cutting buffering energy-absorbing structure.
Background technology
In the Practical Projects such as aerospace, automobile, rail vehicle, highway anticollision facility, nuclear power station, buffering energy-absorbing
The energy absorption behavior of element plays a key role the safety for bearing impact structure.Due to the needs of security protection, delay
The features such as good energy-absorbing effect, light weight, long crush stroke need to be had by rushing power-absorbing, and structure type must be simple as possible and easy
In industry manufacture and batch production.
Currently, traditional buffering energy-absorbing element is based on thin-wall member, the wherein axial collapse energy-absorption of thin-walled tubes component
It is considered as one of most effective way, and most common thin-wall tube cross sectional shape has round, rectangular, hat shape etc..Through experiment and
Theoretical validation, energy-absorbing effect of the circular section thin-wall tube under same operating mode are substantially better than other types of thin-wall tube.However, traditional
Non-axis symmetry unstability easily occurs in Collapse of Concrete for circular section pipe, and the advantage of existing multistage conquassation is can be according to shock
The part that the different selections of power are crushed by structure.
However, most existing endergonic structure, on the one hand, can not effectively control the generation position of energy absorbing tube conquassation gauffer
It sets, there are a large amount of uncertainties, this will generate unpredictalbe hidden danger in collision process.On the other hand, with regard to current skill
For art present situation, much theoretically energy-absorbing effect is preferable and can realize that the structure of multistage energy-absorbing function is difficult to produce in batches and make
High price is expensive.
Utility model content
For problems of the prior art, the utility model provides a kind of gradient cutting buffering energy-absorbing structure；It can
Accurately control the generation position of conquassation gauffer and easy to manufacture.
The utility model is to be achieved through the following technical solutions：
A kind of gradient cutting buffering energy-absorbing structure, which is characterized in that including several thick-walled pipes and at least one thin-wall tube；It is thick
The axially spaced setting of wall pipe and thin-wall tube simultaneously connects into an entirety, the inner tube central axis of thick-walled pipe and thin-wall tube it is interior
Tube hub axis overlaps；Each thin-wall tube both ends are respectively connected with thick-walled pipe, and the axial length and radial thickness of different thin-wall tubes are equal
Graded in an axial direction, the corresponding radial thickness of the longest thin-wall tube of axial length are minimum.
The internal diameter all same of the thick-walled pipe and thin-wall tube.
The section of the thick-walled pipe and thin-wall tube, which is all provided with, is set to round or rectangle or ellipse.
The thickness all same of each thick-walled pipe.
The axial length dimension of the difference thin-wall tube is in arithmetic progression or Geometric Sequence variation setting in the axial direction.
The radial thickness dimension of the difference thin-wall tube is in arithmetic progression or Geometric Sequence variation setting in the axial direction.
Compared with prior art, the utility model has technique effect beneficial below：
The axially spaced setting of the thick-walled pipe and thin-wall tube of the utility model simultaneously connects into an entirety, different thin-wall tubes
Axial length graded in an axial direction so that conquassation gauffer occurs for one section to most short one section successively from longest；Different thin-wall tubes
Radial thickness graded in an axial direction so that conquassation gauffer occurs successively from most thin one section to most thick one section；Axial length
The corresponding radial thickness of longest thin-wall tube is minimum so that the position that conquassation gauffer occurs more accurately controls.
Further, the internal diameter all same of the thick-walled pipe of the utility model and thin-wall tube, internal diameter are identical so that power-absorbing
Stress more stablize, conquassation gauffer occur position more can it is anticipated that position occur.
Further, the thick-walled pipe of the utility model and the section of thin-wall tube, which are all provided with, is set to round or rectangle or ellipse,
Round or rectangle or elliptical shape rule, stability under loading, position occurs for conquassation gauffer more can be it is anticipated that position occurs.
Further, the thickness all same of each thick-walled pipe of the utility model, the thin-wall tube of same thickness to manufacture
More convenient, stress is more stablized.
Further, the axial length dimension of the different thin-wall tubes of the utility model is in arithmetic progression in the axial direction or waits
Change than ordered series of numbers and be arranged, change in arithmetic progression or Geometric Sequence and make variation flow function variation, it is convenient to prepare, and is crushed gauffer hair
Raw position is more prone to control.
Further, the radial thickness dimension of the different thin-wall tubes of the utility model is in arithmetic progression in the axial direction or waits
Change than ordered series of numbers and be arranged, change in arithmetic progression or Geometric Sequence and make variation flow function variation, it is convenient to prepare, and is crushed gauffer hair
Raw position is more prone to control.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the side schematic view of the utility model gradient cutting buffering energy-absorbing structure；
Fig. 2 is that the utility model is that one gradient cutting energy absorbing tube of the utility model embodiment is inhaled with the common circular section of size
The non-axis symmetry that energy pipe axial compression generates is crushed pattern；
Fig. 3 is that one gradient cutting energy absorbing tube of the utility model embodiment is produced with the uniform cutting energy absorbing tube axial compression of size
Raw discontinuous conquassation pattern；
Fig. 4 is the continuous progressive conquassation pattern that one gradient cutting energy absorbing tube axial compression of the utility model embodiment generates；
Fig. 5 carves for common circular section energy absorbing tube, uniform cutting energy absorbing tube, gradient under the utility model embodiment together size
Power-displacement curve when slot energy absorbing tube is axially crushed.
In figure：1 is thin-wall tube, and 2 be thick-walled pipe, and L is pipe range, DOFor heavy wall pipe outside diameter, DIFor heavy wall bore, W is heavy wall
The axial length of pipe, w0For the initial axial length of thin-wall tube, wiFor the axial length of i-th of thin-wall tube, wi+1It is thin for i+1
The axial length of wall pipe, d0For initial groove depth, diThe depth of i-th of cutting, di+1The depth of i+1 cutting.
Specific implementation mode
The following describes the utility model in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, it is described be the explanation to the utility model and
It is not to limit.
As shown in Figs. 1-5, the utility model gradient cutting buffering energy-absorbing structure, which is characterized in that including several thick-walled pipes 2
With at least one thin-wall tube 1；Thick-walled pipe 2 and the axially spaced setting of thin-wall tube 1 simultaneously connect into an entirety, thick-walled pipe 2
Inner tube central axis is overlapped with the inner tube central axis of thin-wall tube 1；Each 1 both ends of thin-wall tube are respectively connected with thick-walled pipe 2, different thin
The axial length and radial thickness of wall pipe 1 graded in an axial direction, the longest 1 corresponding radial thickness of thin-wall tube of axial length
It is minimum.
The internal diameter all same of the thick-walled pipe 2 and thin-wall tube 1.
The section of the thick-walled pipe 2 and thin-wall tube 1, which is all provided with, is set to round or rectangle or ellipse.
The thickness all same of each thick-walled pipe 2.
The axial length dimension of the difference thin-wall tube 1 is in arithmetic progression or Geometric Sequence variation setting in the axial direction.
The radial thickness dimension of the difference thin-wall tube 1 is in arithmetic progression or Geometric Sequence variation setting in the axial direction.
A kind of preparation method, which is characterized in that prepare the power-absorbing using machinery cold working.
The machinery cold working is the processing method combined by lathe or milling machine or both, is carved in the outer tube surface of tubing
Slot forms the form that thick-walled pipe 2 and thin-wall tube 1 are spaced apart, is finally processed into the power-absorbing.
A kind of preparation method, which is characterized in that the power-absorbing is prepared using 3D printing, for solid-state metallic material
Power-absorbing is prepared using laser sintered method, and the power-absorbing of solid-state nonmetallic materials is prepared using Stereolithography method.
The solid-state nonmetallic materials are PVC or resin.
The gradient width cutting buffering energy-absorbing element is gradient width cutting energy absorbing tube, the gradient width cutting energy-absorbing
Pipe includes in an axial direction several alternatively distributed cuttings and heavy wall, wherein the of same size of each thick wall part, wall thickness are identical, each
The depth of cutting is identical, and width is gradually changed along one end of pipe with scheduled gradient, and thick wall part is always located in the gradient
The both ends of width cutting energy absorbing tube.
Further, the section of the gradient width cutting energy absorbing tube can be the arbitrary geometric forms such as circle, rectangle, ellipse
Shape.
Further, the metal materials such as stainless steel, aluminium alloy can be used in the gradient width cutting energy absorbing tube, can also be used
The nonmetallic materials such as PVC, resin.
Further, the gradient width cutting energy absorbing tube bears the mode hit as axially and in a certain angle with the axis
Oblique impact, and the both ends of pipe can bear impact force.
Further, any numerical value more than 1 may be selected in the cutting number of the gradient width cutting energy absorbing tube.
Further, the representation method of the gradient can be arithmetic progression, Geometric Sequence or other cause whole cutting wide
Degree generates the function or ordered series of numbers of inhomogeneous broadening effect, is the cutting wherein for the cutting.
Further, geometric parameter of the gradient width cutting energy absorbing tube in wall thickness direction should meet equation, wherein for
Groove depth is the wall thickness at cutting, is the wall thickness of thick wall part.
Further, the preparation method of the gradient width cutting energy absorbing tube is machinery cold working and 3D printing method.
Further, the machinery cold working preparation method of the gradient width cutting energy absorbing tube can follow following steps：
S1, according to actually required cross sectional shape and sectional dimension purchase seamless pipe it is spare；
S2, the seamless pipe of purchase is cut according to actually required pipe range；
S3, the seamless pipe cut is subjected to cutting processing by lathe (lathe, milling machine etc.) according to required gradient；
S4, the gradient width cutting energy absorbing tube of completion of processing is polished, removes flash removed.
Further, the 3D printing preparation method of the gradient width cutting energy absorbing tube can follow following steps：
S1, the three-dimensional data mould that gradient width cutting energy absorbing tube is established using CAD softwares such as Solidworks, UG, Pro/E
Type；
S2, the S1 gradient width cutting energy absorbing tube three-dimensional data models established are converted to and can be identified by 3D printer
Stl formats；
S3, by S2 generate stl format mode input 3D printers and using selective laser sintering process (mainly for gold
Belong to material) or Stereolithography method (mainly for nonmetallic materials) progress 3D printing；
S4, the good gradient width cutting energy absorbing tube of 3D printing is taken out from machine, and brushes away all residual powders.
In addition, in subsequent embodiment, selected geometric parameter and FEM Numerical Simulation have test data
Verification, can fully ensure that the accuracy of result.
The utility model compared buffering energy-absorbing element described in the utility model and tradition in subsequent embodiment one
The energy-absorbing effect of pipe and uniform cutting pipe during quasi-static collapse and conquassation pattern, gradient described in the utility model
Width cutting energy absorbing tube has the mode of preferable energy-absorbing effect and progressive conquassation.The structure can be in the maximum cutting of width numerical value
Place is crushed at first, and is gradually deformed in the form of progressive conquassation.It can be further by rationally designing its geometric parameter
Enhance energy absorbing efficiency, realizes structure lightened design.
The utility model product structure is simple, and assembling capacity is strong, independent buffering energy-absorbing element is can be used as, in special-purpose
Down, it can be achieved that multiple gradient width cutting buffering energy-absorbing elements cooperate.
The utility model product preparation process is simple, directly can be cold worked to obtain by the seamless pipe of commercial type,
Without re-molding manufacture.Meanwhile the candidate materials of the utility model product are extensive, and the metals such as stainless steel, aluminium alloy can be used
The nonmetallic materials such as PVC, resin can also be used in material.
Embodiment one
In the present embodiment, gradient cutting buffering energy-absorbing structure is energy absorbing tube (the abbreviation gradient cutting of gradient cutting circular section
Pipe).The number of cutting is 5 in the embodiment, and the depth of wherein three cuttings in bottom is identical, the depth phase of two, top cutting
Together, the depth d of cutting changes according to the form of arithmetic progression, depth coefficientI.e. the 4th,
The thickness of 5th section of thin-wall tube is respectively less than the thickness of first, second, and third section of thin-wall tube.Meanwhile the width w of cutting according to etc.
The form of difference series changes, spread factor γ=wi+1-wi=3.36mm；I.e. first, second, third, fourth and fifth section
The axial length of thin-wall tube increases successively, and to which the shortest thin-wall tube radial thickness of axial length is maximum, axial length is longest
Thin-wall tube radial thickness is minimum.
To verify the advantage of gradient cutting pipe, by itself and same size, the common circular section energy absorbing tube of material and uniform cutting
Pipe is compared, and energy-absorbing effect of the energy absorbing tube of three types under axial quasi-static collapse operating mode is analyzed, and the present embodiment is chosen
Specific size it is as shown in table 1, the unit of geometric parameter is (mm) in table.
Table 1
The superiority for verifying gradient cutting pipe described in the utility model need to be had by Abaqus/Explicit softwares
The first l-G simulation test of limit, wherein finite element simulation parameter setting is as follows：
Common pipe, uniform cutting pipe, gradient cutting pipe are all made of mild steel preparation, and density is 7.8g/cm3, elasticity
Modulus is 210GPa, and Poisson's ratio is 0.3, and material yield strength is 372MPa, and material limits intensity is 526MP.Pipe
Bottom be positioned on a fixed rigid plate, another rigid plate is from the direction to collide with the constant speed of 1mm/min
It is loaded, it is therefore an objective to study the energy absorption characteristics of three classes energy absorbing tube and conquassation pattern under low velocity impact by quasi-static test.Meter
Three classes pipe uses the universal contact based on penalty function method, friction factor to take 0.15 with rigid plate in calculation.To ensure Abaqus/
Computational efficiencies of the Explicit under quasi-static collapse, is carried using the mode that system lowest-order mode is combined with smooth amplitude curve
High calculating speed.
Fig. 2 is the conquassation mode of common circular section energy absorbing tube, can be visually observed that non-axis symmetry unstability has occurred for pipe.
Since the randomness that pipe non-axis symmetry is crushed pattern is relatively low compared with strong and energy absorption efficiency, more for vehicle or bumper etc.
It will produce larger uncertainty when the power-absorbing of fine structure.When pipe range further increases, it is also possible to occur less
Stable Euler's buckling pattern.Therefore, in the design of such power-absorbing because avoid as possible generate pipe non-axis symmetry pressure
The pattern of bursting.
Fig. 3 is the conquassation mode of uniform cutting energy absorbing tube, can be visually observed that uniform cutting pipe compares in Collapse of Concrete
Common pipe is more stablized, and axial symmetry conquassation pattern occurs for all thin-walled portions.However, uniformly cutting energy absorbing tube is crushed
Position it is more difficult to control, from the figure 3, it may be seen that the position being crushed at first is located at second cutting of loading end, press for second
It bursts and is happened at first cutting of loading end, be secondly crushed second cutting etc. of fixing end.Therefore, this endergonic structure is being protected
The randomness of gauffer generating unit when not solving conquassation while demonstrate,proving stability still.
Fig. 4 is the conquassation mode of gradient cutting energy absorbing tube, can be visually observed that gradient cutting pipe is having uniform cutting
While pipe stability advantages, it can also stablize the deformation pattern to form axial progressive conquassation.As shown in Figure 4, it is crushed at first
Position be located at depth be 2.5mm cutting at, and by the two cuttings thin-walled portion completely conquassation after just start to be crushed
The groove depth of lower section three is the thin-walled portion at 2mm.As shown in Figure 4, the thin-walled of axial length longest and radial thickness minimum
Pipe is crushed at first, and axial length is most short and the maximum thin-wall tube of radial thickness is finally crushed.
Fig. 5 is when common circular section energy absorbing tube, uniform cutting energy absorbing tube, gradient cutting energy absorbing tube are axially crushed under size
Power-displacement curve understands the power displacement curve of gradient cutting energy absorbing tube since there are two apparent for groove depth difference by contrast
The curve of platform, first platform and uniform cutting energy absorbing tube is in the same horizontal and energy absorption capability and is more than uniform cutting
Pipe, the force value of second platform have apparent rising, and gradient cutting energy absorbing tube has the characteristics that good multistage energy-absorbing on the whole.
For the energy absorption capability of contrast gradient's cutting pipe and uniform cutting pipe, table 2 summarizes force-displacement curve in Fig. 5
The data of presentation, total energy-absorbing of gradient cutting pipe is 22.33% more than uniform cutting pipe, and the conquassation distance of gradient cutting pipe is than uniform
Cutting pipe few 0.22%, the average crushing force of gradient cutting pipe is higher by 22.58% than uniform cutting pipe, fully presents gradient cutting
Superiority of the pipe in energy absorption process.
Table 2
The cold working preparation method of gradient cutting energy absorbing tube can follow following steps in the present embodiment：
The mild steel seamless pipe that S1, the commercially available wall thickness of purchase are 4mm is several spare；
S2, according to size described in table 1, seamless pipe is cut according to regulation pipe range L=144mm；
S3, by the seamless pipe cut by lathe according to cutting feature (N=5, w=10.08mm, d described in table 10
=2.5mm, η=di+1-di=0.5mm, γ=wi+1-wi=3.36mm) it is processed to obtain gradient cutting pipe.
S4, the gradient cutting energy absorbing tube of completion of processing is polished, removes flash removed.
In conclusion compared to the uniform cutting pipe with size, the same of energy absorption efficiency is being substantially improved in gradient cutting pipe
When, additionally it is possible to multistage deformation pattern more stablize, controllable is provided.In addition, the gradient cutting pipe described in the present embodiment also has
Processing is simple, low-cost advantage.
The outer tube for the thick-walled pipe 2 that the outer tube of thin-wall tube 1 is connect with its both ends is axially formed cutting space；Different cuttings are empty
Between axial length and radial depth size graded in the axial direction.
The above content is only to illustrate the technological thought of the utility model, and the protection model of the utility model cannot be limited with this
Enclose, it is every according to the utility model proposes technological thought, any change done on the basis of technical solution each falls within this reality
Within protection domain with novel claims.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of gradient cutting buffering energy-absorbing structure, which is characterized in that including several thick-walled pipes (2) and at least one thin-wall tube
(1)；Thick-walled pipe (2) and the axially spaced setting of thin-wall tube (1) simultaneously connect into an entirety, the interior tube hub of thick-walled pipe (2)
Axis is overlapped with the inner tube central axis of thin-wall tube (1)；Each thin-wall tube (1) both ends are respectively connected with thick-walled pipe (2), different thin-walleds
Graded, the longest thin-wall tube of axial length (1) are corresponding radial thick in an axial direction for the axial length and radial thickness of pipe (1)
Degree is minimum.
2. gradient cutting buffering energy-absorbing structure according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the thick-walled pipe (2) and thin-walled
Manage the internal diameter all same of (1).
3. gradient cutting buffering energy-absorbing structure according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the thick-walled pipe (2) and thin-walled
The section of pipe (1), which is all provided with, is set to round or rectangle or ellipse.
4. gradient cutting buffering energy-absorbing structure according to claim 1, which is characterized in that each thick-walled pipe (2)
Thickness all same.
5. gradient cutting buffering energy-absorbing structure according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the difference thin-wall tube (1)
Axial length dimension is in arithmetic progression or Geometric Sequence variation setting in the axial direction.
6. gradient cutting buffering energy-absorbing structure according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the difference thin-wall tube (1)
Radial thickness dimension is in arithmetic progression or Geometric Sequence variation setting in the axial direction.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110056592A (en) * | 2019-04-02 | 2019-07-26 | 同济大学 | A kind of anti-collision energy absorption device based on garter spring enhancing and conical pipe fitting |
| CN111232010A (en) * | 2020-01-23 | 2020-06-05 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Gradient strength buffering energy-absorbing device |
| CN112096423A (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2020-12-18 | 兰州交通大学 | Clamping seat type retractable steel arch connector |
-
2018
- 2018-01-15 CN CN201820061662.3U patent/CN207737238U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110056592A (en) * | 2019-04-02 | 2019-07-26 | 同济大学 | A kind of anti-collision energy absorption device based on garter spring enhancing and conical pipe fitting |
| CN111232010A (en) * | 2020-01-23 | 2020-06-05 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Gradient strength buffering energy-absorbing device |
| CN112096423A (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2020-12-18 | 兰州交通大学 | Clamping seat type retractable steel arch connector |
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