CN207640824U - Neutron capture treatment system and target for particle beam generating apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of neutron capture treatment system and the target for particle beam generating apparatus, can promote the heat dissipation performance of target, reduces blistering, increases target life.The neutron capture treatment system of the utility model, including neutron generation device and beam-shaping body, neutron generation device includes accelerator and target, sub-line during accelerator accelerates the charged particle line generated to be generated with target effect, target has cooling import, coolant outlet and the cooling duct being arranged between cooling import and coolant outlet, at least one protruding portion is provided in cooling duct, protruding portion has cooling surface.

Description

Neutron capture treatment system and target for particle beam generating apparatus

Technical field

The utility model relates in one aspect to a kind of irradiation with radiation system more particularly to a kind of neutron capture treatment system； On the other hand the utility model is related to a kind of target for irradiation with radiation system, more particularly to a kind of for particle line generation The target of device.

Background technology

As the radiation cures such as the development of atomics, such as cobalt 60, linear accelerator, electron beam have become cancer One of the main means of disease treatment.However conventional photonic or electronic therapy are limited by radioactive ray physical condition itself, are being killed While dead tumour cell, a large amount of normal structure in beam approach can also be damaged；Additionally, due to tumour cell to putting The difference of radiation-sensitive degree, traditional radiation therapy is for relatively having the malignant tumour of radiation resistance (such as：Multirow glioblast Tumor (glioblastoma multiforme), melanocytoma (melanoma)) treatment effect it is often bad.

In order to reduce the radiation injury of tumour surrounding normal tissue, the target therapy in chemotherapy (chemotherapy) Concept is just applied in radiation cure；And for the tumour cell of radiation resistance, also actively development has high phase at present To the radiation source of biological effect (relative biological effectiveness, RBE), as proton therapeutic, heavy particle are controlled Treatment, neutron capture treatment etc..Wherein, neutron capture treatment is to combine above two concept, if boron neutron capture is treated, by Boracic drug gathers in the specificity of tumour cell, and accurately neutron beam regulates and controls for cooperation, provides more better than conventional radiation Treatment of cancer selects.

In the treatment of accelerator boron neutron capture, the treatment of accelerator boron neutron capture by accelerator by proton accelerate (beamacceleration), Proton beam accelerates to the energy for being enough to overcome target atom core coulomb repulsion, and nuclear reaction occurs to generate neutron, therefore with target Target can be irradiated by the accelerating proton beam of very same high-energy level during generating neutron, and the temperature of target can be substantially Rise, while the metal part of target is easy blistering, to influence the service life of target.

Therefore, it is necessary to propose a kind of new technical solution to solve the above problems.

Utility model content

To solve the above-mentioned problems, on the one hand the utility model provides a kind of neutron capture treatment system, including neutron Generation device and beam-shaping body, the neutron generation device include accelerator and target, and the accelerator accelerates the band generated Sub-line during electrochondria sub-line is generated with target effect, the beam-shaping body includes reflector, slow body, neutron absorption Body, radiation shield and beam outlet, the slow body will be from the neutron degradation that the target generates to epithermal neutron energy area, institute State reflector surround the slow body and the neutron that will deviate from back to the slow body to improve epithermal neutron intensity of beam, institute When stating thermal neutron absorber for absorbing thermal neutron to avoid treatment multi-dose, the radiation shield were caused with shallow-layer normal structure Body is covered around beam outlet to be arranged at the reflector rear portion for shielding the neutron leaked and photon to reduce non-irradiated The normal tissue dose in area, target described in the target have cooling import, coolant outlet and setting in cooling import and cooling Cooling duct between outlet, at least one protruding portion is provided in the cooling duct, and the protruding portion has cooling surface. It radiates for target by using the cooling medium to circulate in cooling duct, improves heat dissipation effect；By being set in cooling duct Protruding portion is set, heat-delivery surface is further increased and/or forms vortex, contributes to the service life for extending target.

On the other hand the utility model provides a kind of target for particle beam generating apparatus, the target includes effect Layer, pedestal layer and heat dissipating layer, for the active layer for generating the particle line, the pedestal layer supports the active layer, described Heat dissipating layer has the cooling duct for cooling flow of media, and at least one protruding portion is provided in the cooling duct, described prominent Going out portion has cooling surface.It radiates for target by using the cooling medium to circulate in cooling duct, improves heat dissipation effect；It is logical It crosses and protruding portion is set in cooling duct, further increase heat-delivery surface and/or form vortex, contribute to the longevity for extending target Life.

Preferably as one kind, the particle beam generating apparatus is neutron beam generating apparatus, and the material of the active layer is Li or its alloy, the active layer and incident proton Shu Fasheng⁷Li(p,n)⁷Be nuclear reactions generate neutron；Or the active layer Material be Be or its alloy, the active layer and incident proton Shu Fasheng⁹Be(p,n)⁹B nuclear reactions generate neutron.

Preferably as one kind, the inner wall of the protruding portion from the cooling duct is vertical along direction is led to cooling medium stream Or inclined direction protrudes, the protruding portion is twist or the inner wall of linear from the cooling duct is logical along cooling medium stream Direction extends, or to lead to a part for the ring that direction is spaced apart or ring in cooling medium stream.

Preferably as one kind, it is separately formed that the protruding portion, which is the integrated or described protruding portion with the cooling duct, And in the cooling duct, sub- protruding portion is set in the cooling surface, further increases heat-delivery surface.

Further, the protruding portion to lead to the cross-sectional shape in direction perpendicular to cooling medium stream be rectangle, it is trapezoidal or Triangle；Varying cross-section shape is of different sizes, leads to direction in pulse type, zigzag or wavy in cooling medium stream.

As it is a kind of preferably, with the cooling medium stream direction that lead to direction vertical, the protruding portion is out of cooling duct The maximum distance that wall extends is less than the half for the distance that opposite inner wall is extended in the extending direction, and protruding portion does not influence to cool down Free flow of the medium in the cooling duct, the shape of the adjacent protruding portion of at least two and/or prominent length are different.

Preferably as one kind, the protruding portion is at least partially disposed in the cooling duct contacted with active layer or pedestal layer Inner wall.

Further, at least one second wall in the cooling duct is set, the cooling duct is divided at least two phase Mutual independent subchannel, it is different to lead to direction for cooling medium stream in the adjacent subchannel of at least two, increases radiating efficiency.

Preferably as one kind, the heat dissipating layer includes the tube-like piece being made of multiple tube side-by-sides, and the inside of the pipe is extremely Small part forms the cooling duct, and the inner wall of the cooling duct is cylindrical surface, and the protruding portion is from the cooling duct Inner wall along leading to cooling medium stream, the vertical direction in direction is prominent and the linear item for leading to direction extension along cooling medium stream Shape part, the protruding portion are multiple and are circumferentially evenly distributed along the cooling duct inner wall.

Target radiator portion described in the utility model uses the cooling medium to circulate in cooling duct to radiate for target, carries Heat dissipation effect is risen；By the way that protruding portion is arranged in cooling duct, further increase heat-delivery surface and/or forms vortex, have Help extend the service life of target.

Description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is the neutron capture treatment system schematic diagram in the utility model embodiment；

Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the target in the utility model embodiment；

Fig. 3 is the close-up schematic view of the target in Fig. 2；

Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram that the heat dissipating layer of the target in Fig. 2 is looked over from direction A；

Fig. 5 a are the schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the heat dissipation channel inner wall of the target in Fig. 2；

Fig. 5 b are the schematic diagram along axis B-B of the first embodiment of the heat dissipation channel inner wall of the target in Fig. 2；

Fig. 6 a are the schematic diagram of the second embodiment of the heat dissipation channel inner wall of the target in Fig. 2；

Fig. 6 b are the schematic diagram along axis C-C of the second embodiment of the heat dissipation channel inner wall of the target in Fig. 2；

Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of the 3rd embodiment of the heat dissipation channel inner wall of the target in Fig. 2.

Specific implementation mode

The following describes the utility model in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, to enable those skilled in the art with reference to explanation Book word can be implemented according to this.

Such as Fig. 1, the neutron capture treatment system in the present embodiment is preferably boron neutron capture treatment system 100, including in Sub- generation device 10, beam-shaping body 20, collimator 30 and instrument table 40.Neutron generation device 10 includes accelerator 11 and target T, accelerator 11 accelerate charged particle (such as proton, deuteron), generate the charged particle line P such as proton line, band electrochondria Sub-line (neutron beam) N, target T is preferably metal targets during sub-line P is irradiated to target T and is generated with target T effects.According to needed for Neutron yield rate and energy, available the characteristics such as charged particle energy and the materialization of size of current, metal targets is accelerated Suitable nuclear reaction is selected, the nuclear reaction being often discussed has⁷Li(p,n)⁷Be and⁹Be(p,n)⁹B, both reactions are all heat absorption Reaction.The energy threshold of two kinds of nuclear reactions is respectively 1.881MeV and 2.055MeV, due in the ideal of boron neutron capture treatment Component is the epithermal neutron of keV energy grades, if being theoretically only slightly taller than the proton bombardment lithium metal target of threshold value using energy, The neutron that opposite low energy can be generated, clinic can be used for by being not required to too many slow handle, however lithium metal (Li) and beryllium metal (Be) the proton-effect section of two kinds of targets and threshold energy is not high, for the neutron flux for generating sufficiently large, usually selects higher The proton of energy causes nuclear reaction.Ideal target should have high neutron yield rate, the neutron energy of generation is distributed close to superthermal Neutron energy range (will be described in more detail below) wears by force the characteristics such as radiation generation, the cheap easily operated and high temperature resistant of safety without too many, But actually and it can not find and meet required nuclear reaction.It is well known to those skilled in the art, target T can also by Li, Metal material except Be is made, such as by formation such as Ta or W and its alloys.Accelerator 11 can be linear accelerator, convolution Accelerator, synchrotron, synchrocyclotron.

The neutron beam N that neutron generation device 10 generates passes sequentially through beam-shaping body 20 and collimator 30 is irradiated to instrument table Patient 200 on 40.Beam-shaping body 20 can adjust the beam quality of the neutron beam N of the generation of neutron generation device 10, collimation Device 30 makes neutron beam N have higher targeting during being treated to converge neutron beam N.Beam-shaping body 20 Further comprise reflector 21, slow body 22, thermal neutron absorber 23, radiation shield 24 and beam outlet 25, neutron generates The neutron that device 10 generates other than epithermal neutron meets treatment needs, needs to reduce it as far as possible since power spectrum is very wide The neutron and photon content of his type damage to avoid to operating personnel or patient, therefore are come out from neutron generation device 10 Neutron need fast neutron energy adjusting therein to epithermal neutron energy area by slow body 22, slow body 22 by with fast neutron The material that action section is big, epithermal neutron action section is small is made, and in the present embodiment, slow body 22 is by D₂O、AlF₃、 Fluental、CaF₂、Li₂CO₃、 MgF₂And Al₂O₃At least one of be made；Reflector 21 surrounds slow body 22, and will pass through The neutron reflection that slow body 22 is spread around returns neutron beam N to improve the utilization rate of neutron, by with neutron reflection ability Strong material is made, and in the present embodiment, reflector 21 is made of at least one of Pb or Ni；There are one heat at slow 22 rear portion of body Neutron absorber 23 is made of the material big with thermal neutron action section, and in the present embodiment, thermal neutron absorber 23 is by Li-6 systems At thermal neutron absorber 23 is avoided for absorbing the thermal neutron across slow body 22 to reduce the content of thermal neutron in neutron beam N When treatment multi-dose was caused with shallow-layer normal structure；Radiation shield 24 is arranged around beam outlet 25 at reflector rear portion, For shielding the neutron and photon that are leaked from beam outlet 25 with outer portion, the material of radiation shield 24 includes photon shielding material At least one of material and neutron shielding material, in the present embodiment, the material of radiation shield 24 includes photon shielding material lead (Pb) and neutron shielding material polyethylene (PE).It is appreciated that beam-shaping body 20 can also have other constructions, as long as can Obtain epithermal neutron beam needed for treatment.The setting of collimator 30 exports 25 rear portions in beam, is come out from collimator 30 superthermal Neutron beam is irradiated to patient 200, is slowly that thermal neutron reaches tumour cell M after shallow-layer normal structure, it will be understood that collimation Device 30 can also be cancelled or be replaced by other structures, and neutron beam is out directly irradiated to patient 200 from beam outlet 25.This implementation In example, it is also provided with radiation shield device 50 between patient 200 and beam outlet 25, shields the beam out from beam outlet 25 Radiation to patient's normal structure, it will be understood that radiation shield device 50 can not also be set.

After patient 200 takes or inject boracic (B-10) drug, it is gathered in tumour cell M to boracic drug selectivity, Then utilize boracic (B-10) drug that there is the characteristic of high capture cross section to thermal neutron, by¹⁰B(n,α)⁷Li neutron captures and core Dissociative reaction generates⁴He and⁷Two heavy burden charged particle of Li.The average energy of two charged particles is about 2.33MeV, has High Linear (Linear Energy Transfer, LET), short range feature are shifted, the linear energy transfer of the short particles of α is respectively with range 150 keV/ μm, 8 μm, and⁷Li heavy burdens particle is then 175keV/ μm, 5 μm, and the integrated range of two particle is approximately equivalent to a cell Size, therefore radiation injury can be confined to cell level for caused by organism, just can be caused in not normal tissue too big Under the premise of injury, achieve the purpose that tumour cell is killed in part.

The structure of target T is described in detail with reference to Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and Fig. 4.

Target T is arranged between accelerator 11 and beam-shaping body 20, and accelerator 11, which has, adds charged particle line P The accelerating tube 111 of speed, in the present embodiment, accelerating tube 111 stretches into beam-shaping body 20 along the directions charged particle line P, and wears successively Reflector 21 and slow body 22 are crossed, target T is arranged in slow body 22 and positioned at the end of accelerating tube 111, preferable to obtain Neutron beam quality.

Target T includes heat dissipating layer 12, pedestal layer 13 and active layer 14, during active layer 14 is generated with the P effects of charged particle line Sub-line, 13 supporting role layer 14 of pedestal layer.In the present embodiment, the material of active layer 14 is Li or its alloy, and charged particle line P is Proton line, target T further include the anti oxidation layer 15 for being located at 14 side of active layer and being used to prevent active layer from aoxidizing, and pedestal layer 13 can be same When inhibit foam caused by incident proton line, charged particle line P sequentially passes through anti oxidation layer 15, active layer 14 along incident direction With pedestal layer 13.The material of anti oxidation layer 15 considers to be not easy to be applied layer corrosion simultaneously and can reduce the loss of incident proton beam And fever caused by proton beam, such as include Al, Ti and its at least one of alloy or stainless steel.In the present embodiment, antioxygen It is the material that nuclear reaction can occur with proton simultaneously to change layer 15, can further increase neutron production while functioning as described above Rate such as uses Be or its alloy at this point, anti oxidation layer is simultaneously a part for active layer, the energy of incident proton beam be higher than with The energy threshold of nuclear reaction occurs for Li and Be, generates two different nuclear reactions respectively,⁷Li(p,n)⁷Be and⁹Be(p,n)⁹B；Separately Outside, it is 1287 DEG C that Be, which has high-melting-point and good thermal conduction characteristic, fusing point, and pyroconductivity is 201W/ (m K), relative to Li The high temperature resistant and heat dissipation performance of (fusing point is 181 DEG C, and pyroconductivity is 71W/ (m K)) have great advantage, further increase The service life of target, and its threshold of reaction that (p, n) nuclear reaction occurs with proton is about 2.055MeV, and majority uses proton beamlets Accelerator neutron generator, energy is all higher than the threshold of reaction, and beryllium target is also the optimal selection other than lithium target.With using other Material, such as Al, anti oxidation layer compare, due to the presence of Be, neutron yield rate is improved.In the present embodiment, proton line energy Amount is 2.5MeV-5MeV, can generate higher action section with lithium target, while not will produce excessive fast neutron, obtain compared with Good beam quality；The thickness of active layer 14 is 80 μm -240 μm, can occur adequately to react with proton, blocked up will not cause Energy deposits, and influences target heat dissipation performance；Ensure lower manufacturing cost while reaching said effect, anti oxidation layer 15 Thickness is 5 μm -25 μm.In contrast test, using Mondicaro software emulate respectively 2.5MeV, 3MeV, 3.5MeV, 4MeV, The proton beam of 4.5MeV, 5MeV inject anti oxidation layer 15, active layer 14 successively by the direction of the action face perpendicular to target T (Li) and pedestal layer 13 (Ta will be described in detail later), the material of anti oxidation layer 15 is compared with Al and Be, and anti oxidation layer 15 is thick Degree is respectively 5 μm, 10 μm, 15 μm, 20 μm, 25 μm, 14 thickness of active layer is respectively 80 μm, 120 μm, 160 μm, 200 μm, 240 μm, 12 thickness of pedestal layer has little effect visual actual conditions to neutron yield rate and adjusts, obtained neutron yield rate (i.e. each matter The neutron number that son generates) result is as shown in table 1, table 2.Neutron yield rate using Be as lithium target anti oxidation layer relative to Al carries It is as shown in table 3 to rise ratio result of calculation, is known by result, when using Be as anti oxidation layer material, neutron yield rate has relative to Al It is obviously improved, the neutron yield rate that can be obtained is 7.31E-05n/proton-5.61E-04n/proton.

Table 1, neutron yield rate (n/proton) .E using Al as lithium target anti oxidation layer are incident proton heat input

Table 2, neutron yield rate (n/proton) .E using Be as lithium target anti oxidation layer are incident proton heat input

Table 3 promotes ratio .E as incident proton heat input using Be as lithium target anti oxidation layer relative to the neutron yield rate of Al

Heat dissipating layer 12 by Heat Conduction Material (such as material of Cu, Fe, Al good heat conductivity) or can heat conduction but also inhibit send out The material of bubble is made；Pedestal layer 13 is by inhibiting the material of foaming to be made；The material of inhibition foaming can heat conduction but also inhibition hair The material of bubble includes at least one of Fe, Ta or V.Heat dissipating layer can there are many constructions, are such as tabular, in the present embodiment, Heat dissipating layer 12 includes tube-like piece 121 and support element 122, and the material of tube-like piece 121 and support element 122 is all Cu, is had preferable Heat dissipation performance and cost is relatively low, tube-like piece 121 are made of multiple tube side-by-sides and carry out location and installation, support by support element 122 Part 122 is fixed in slow body 22 by connectors such as bolt or screws or 111 end of accelerating tube, it will be understood that can also adopt With other dismountable connections, it is conveniently replaceable target.The construction of pipe increases heat dissipation area, improves heat dissipation effect, contributes to Extend the service life of target.Heat dissipating layer 12 also has a cooling duct P for cooling flow of media, and in the present embodiment, cooling medium is Water forms and is at least a partially formed cooling duct P inside the pipe of tube-like piece 121, its heat is taken away in inside of the cooling medium stream through pipe, It is used as cooling duct inside pipe, further enhances heat dissipation effect, extends target life.Shape, number and the size of pipe according to The size of practical target determines, only symbolically depicts 4 pipes in figure, it will be understood that it may be square tube, polygon Pipe, elliptical tube etc. and combinations thereof；Adjacent pipe can be closely so that its outer surface is contacted with each other, can also be spaced apart； The endoporus cross-sectional shape of pipe can also be various, such as circle, polygon, ellipse, and different cross sections can also have There is different shapes.Since the diameter of tube-like piece each pipe in actually manufacturing is smaller, and there are cooling duct, conventional life in inside Production. art difficulty is larger, and tube-like piece is obtained using increasing material manufacturing in the present embodiment, facilitate micro-structure and labyrinth at Type.Three-dimensional modeling is carried out to tube-like piece first, the three-dimensional modeling data of tube-like piece is input in computer system, and is separated into Two dimensional slice data, the increasing material manufacturing system controlled by computer is successively manufactured raw material (such as copper powder), after superposition It is final to obtain three-dimensional objects.

When pedestal layer 13 is made of Ta, there is certain heat dissipation effect can reduce blistering simultaneously, inhibits proton and Li Inelastic scattering occurs and discharges γ, and extra proton is prevented to pass through target；In the present embodiment, the material of pedestal layer 13 is Ta-W alloys, it is bad significantly to improve that pure tantalum intensity is low, heat conductivity is poor while keeping the excellent performance of above-mentioned Ta Gesture so that active layer 14 occurs the heat that nuclear reaction generates and can in time be conducted by pedestal layer, at this point, heat dissipating layer can also be extremely Small part uses identical material or Construction integration with pedestal layer.The weight percent of W is 2.5%-20% in Ta-W alloys, with Ensure that pedestal layer inhibits the characteristic of foaming, while pedestal layer has higher intensity and heat conductivity, further extending target makes Use the service life.Using powder metallurgy, forging, compacting etc. by Ta-W alloys (such as Ta-2.5wt%W, Ta-5.0wt%W, Ta- 7.5wt%W, Ta-10wt% W, Ta-12wt%W, Ta-20wt%W etc.) pedestal layer 13 of plate is made, in proton heat input Thickness for 1.881MeV-10MeV, pedestal layer is at least 50 μm, to fully absorb extra proton.

In the present embodiment, the manufacturing process of target T is as follows：

S1：The lithium metal of liquid is poured into formation active layer 14 on pedestal layer 13, vapor deposition or sputtering etc. can also be used Processing, can also be arranged very thin adhesive layer 16 between lithium and tantalum, the material of adhesive layer 16 include in Cu, Al, Mg or Zn extremely Few one kind, equally can be used the processing such as vapor deposition or sputtering, improve the adhesion of pedestal layer and active layer；

S2：The tube-like piece 121 of pedestal layer 13 and heat dissipating layer 12 is subjected to HIP (Hot Isostatic Pressing：Heat etc. Static pressure) processing；

S3：Anti oxidation layer 15, which is carried out at the same time HIP processing or is closed pedestal layer 13 by other techniques, forms a vessel And/or active layer 14 is surrounded；

S4：Support element 122 and tube-like piece 121 are attached by the modes such as welding, being pressed.

Above-mentioned steps S1, S2, S3 and S4 in no particular order, such as can first carry out anti oxidation layer 15 and pedestal layer 13 at HIP Pedestal layer 13 is closed one vessel of formation by reason by other techniques, then the lithium metal of liquid is poured into the vessel and is formed Active layer 14.It is appreciated that support element 122 can also omit, multiple pipes are sequentially connected fixation by welding or other modes It is integrated.Pedestal layer 13, active layer 14, anti oxidation layer 15 on each pipe are separately formed, then by tube-like piece and support element 122 are located by connecting, the pedestal layer 13 that is formed on each pipe after connection, active layer 14, anti oxidation layer 15 entirety may be not connect Continuous, then it needs to form interconnecting piece 17 between adjacent pipe, interconnecting piece 17 is also by pedestal layer 13, active layer 14 and anti oxidation layer 15 compositions, entire target are divided into multiple individual effect partials, further reduced the foaming phenomena of metal oxidation resistance layer, this When, in S4 support element 122 and the connection of tube-like piece 121 dismountable mode can also be used, then target T can carry out part more It changes, extends target service life, reduce patient's treatment cost；It is appreciated that pedestal layer 13, active layer 14 on each pipe, anti- Oxide layer 15 can also global formation be connected to tube-like piece, the active layer of target T is integrally continuous after connecting in this way, for Charged particle line P has an effect with target T and is advantageous, and support element 122 can also be with tube-like piece 121 at this time integrally passes through increasing Material manufacture obtains, and reduces processing, assembly difficulty.Pedestal layer 13, active layer 14, anti oxidation layer 15 formed it is whole perpendicular to The shape of the section of tube hub line can also be various, and pedestal layer 13, active layer 14, anti oxidation layer 15 are such as connect with tube-like piece The outer surface profile of side is consistent, is arc-shaped in the present embodiment, increase target T and charged particle line P effects area and Heat dissipating layer 12 contacts with pedestal layer 13 and conducts the area of heat；Active layer 14 on each pipe at least covers the 1/4 of pipe periphery, I.e. active layer is at least 45 degree in the angle α of circumferencial direction and tube hub line.

In the present embodiment, support element 122 includes the first support portion 1221 and the second support portion 1222, is symmetricly set on tubulose The both ends of part 121, are respectively provided with cooling import IN and coolant outlet OUT, and the cooling import IN of cooling duct P connections and cooling go out Mouth OUT.Cooling duct P includes the first cooling duct P1 on the first support portion, the second cooling duct P2 on the second support portion With the third cooling duct P3 formed inside the pipe of composition tube-like piece 121.Medium is cooled down from the cooling on the first support portion 1221 Import IN enters, and is entered inside each pipe of composition tube-like piece 121 simultaneously by the first cooling duct P1, then passes through second The second cooling duct P2 on support part comes out from coolant outlet OUT.Target T is irradiated temperature by the accelerating proton beam of same high-energy level Degree increases fever, and the pedestal layer and heat dissipating layer are by heat derives, and the cooling by circulating in tube-like piece and support element is situated between Matter takes heat out of, to be cooled down to target T.

It is appreciated that the first cooling duct P1 and the second cooling duct P2 can also use other settings, such as so that from The cooling medium that cooling import IN on first support portion 1221 enters passes sequentially through inside each pipe of composition tube-like piece 121, Finally come out from the coolant outlet OUT on the second support portion；Cooling medium can not also pass through support element, but direct inlet/outlet pipe Shape part, at this point, cooling import IN and coolant outlet OUT can be arranged on tube-like piece 121, each pipe is sequentially connected composition cooling Channel P cools down medium followed by the inside of each pipe.

Support element 122 can also include the third support portion 1223 of the first, second support portion 1221,1222 of connection, third Another side contacts opposite with the side of 121 connection function layer 14 of tube-like piece of support portion 1223, third support portion 1223 can also The 4th cooling duct with composition cooling duct P, at this point, cooling medium can be only by support element 122 without tubulose Inside each pipe of part 121, it is not connected to the cooling duct in support element 122 inside each pipe, it is cold in support element 122 But channel can be there are many arrangement mode, such as spiral shape, the region contacted with pipe with processes more as possible；Cooling medium can be with Not only passed through inside pipe but also by the third support portion of support element or not only by inside pipe but also by the first, second He of support element Third support portion.

In the present embodiment, first, second cooling tube D1, D2 is set between accelerating tube 111 and reflector 21 and slow body 22, One end of first, second cooling tube D1, D2 is connect with the cooling import IN of target T and coolant outlet OUT respectively, other end connection To external cooling source.It is appreciated that the first, second cooling tube can also be otherwise arranged in beam-shaping body, work as target When material is placed in except beam-shaping body, it can also cancel.

One or more protruding portions 123 with cooling surface S can be set with continued reference to Fig. 5-Fig. 7, in the P of cooling duct, To increase heat-delivery surface and/or form vortex, enhance heat dissipation effect, cooling surface S is that cooling medium circulates in the P of cooling duct When the surface that can be contacted with protruding portion 123, protruding portion 123 is from the inner wall W of cooling duct P along leading to direction D with cooling medium stream Vertical or inclined direction protrudes, it will be understood that protruding portion 123 can also other forms protruded from the inner wall W of cooling duct P. With the cooling medium stream direction that lead to direction D vertical, the maximum distance L1 that protruding portion 123 extends from cooling duct P inner walls W is less than The half of the distance L2 of opposite inner wall W is extended in the extending direction, it is cold at this that protruding portion 123 can not influence cooling medium But the free flow in the P of channel, that is to say, that protruding portion does not have is divided into several substantially independent (coolings by a cooling duct Medium is independent of each other) cooling duct effect.

In the first embodiment of cooling duct shown in Fig. 5 a and 5b, protruding portion 123 is from the edges inner wall W of cooling duct P Lead to the vertical directions direction D with cooling medium stream to protrude, the inner wall W of cooling duct P is cylindrical surface, and protruding portion 123 is linear Shape leads to the strip piece of direction D extensions along cooling medium stream, it will be understood that the inner wall W of cooling duct P can be other shapes, dash forward Going out portion 123 can also twist or other shapes are led to direction along cooling medium stream from the inner wall W of cooling duct P and extended.In figure Protruding portion is 10 and to be circumferentially evenly distributed along inner wall W, it will be understood that protruding portion may be other numbers or be provided only on Active layer or the cooling duct inner wall W of pedestal layer contact, the shape of at least two adjacent protrusions and/or prominent length can also It is different.Protruding portion 123 can be rectangle, trapezoidal, triangle etc. in the cross-sectional shape for leading to direction D perpendicular to cooling medium stream； Varying cross-section shape or size can also be different, and such as lead to direction in pulse type, zigzag or wavy in cooling medium stream.It is prominent Go out on the cooling surface S in portion 123 and sub- protruding portion 1231 is set, in the present embodiment, sub- protruding portion 1231 is perpendicular to cooling medium The cross-sectional shape of circulating direction D is zigzag, and leads to direction D along cooling medium stream and extend, it will be understood that sub- protruding portion There can be a variety of different constructions, as long as heat-delivery surface can be increased；In the present embodiment, sub- protruding portion 1231 is only schematically Ground is arranged in one of protruding portion 123 cooling surface, it will be understood that sub- protruding portion 1231 can also be arranged in protruding portion In 123 other arbitrary cooling surfaces.

Fig. 6 a and 6b show the second embodiment of cooling duct, only describe its ground being different from the first embodiment below Side, protruding portion 123 are to lead to the ring that direction is spaced apart in cooling medium stream, it is possible to understand that, or at least part of ring. The number of figure middle ring and the length of cooling duct are only to illustrate, and can be adjusted according to actual conditions.In the present embodiment, the end of ring Face is the plane for leading to direction D perpendicular to cooling medium stream, it will be understood that it may be to lead to direction D with cooling medium stream to tilt Plane or for taper surface or curved surface etc..

Refering to Fig. 7, in the 3rd embodiment of cooling duct, at least one second wall of setting 124 will cool down in the P of cooling duct Channel P point is the mutually independent subchannel P' and P " of at least two, and cooling medium stream leads to direction not in the adjacent subchannel of at least two Together, increase radiating efficiency.In the present embodiment, the second wall 124 is cylindric on the basis of first embodiment and passes through each protrusion Portion 123, cylindric 124 inside of the second wall form subchannel P', while in every 2 adjacent protruding portions 123 and the second wall 124 Between form 1 subchannel P ", to form 10 subchannel P ", subchannel P' and at least one subchannel around subchannel P' Cooling medium stream in P " leads to direction difference, and the cooling medium stream in the adjacent subchannel P " of at least two leads to direction can not also Together.It is appreciated that the second wall can also have other set-up modes according to the different settings of protruding portion.Protrusion in cooling duct Portion and sub- protruding portion thereon further increase manufacture difficulty, and therefore, protruding portion and/or the second wall may be used separately formed It is inserted into pipe and is positioned, or obtained by increasing material manufacturing with pipe one.

It is appreciated that pedestal layer 13 can also be regard heat dissipating layer 12 as simultaneously, at this point, heat dissipating layer 12 is at least partly by can Heat conduction can inhibit the material of foaming to be made again, support element made of tube-like piece 121 and Cu as made of using Ta or Ta-W alloys 122, active layer 14 is connect by the techniques such as being deposited or sputtering with Ta or Ta-W compo pipes, Ta or Ta-W compo pipes are used as base simultaneously Seat layer 12 and heat dissipating layer 13.In the present embodiment, the whole rectangular plates of target T；It is appreciated that target T can also be disk-shaped, A part for first support portion and the second support portion composition whole circumference or circumference, the length of pipe can be different at this time；Target T Can be other solid shapes；Target T can also be movable with respect to accelerator or beam-shaping body, change target to facilitate or make Particle line and target stepless action.Active layer 14 can also use liquid material (liquid metals).

It is appreciated that the target of the utility model can also be applied to other medical treatment and the neutron of non-medical field generates dress It sets, as long as the generation of its neutron is the nuclear reaction based on particle line and target, then the material of target is also based on different nuclear reactions Different from；It can also be applied to other particle beam generating apparatus.

" tube-like piece " in the utility model refer to multiple individual pipes arrangements and by connector or Joining Technology into The entirety of row connection composition, is formed or is combined by one or more plate-like pieces and form the object with hollow portion that hollow portion obtains not It can be interpreted as the tube-like piece of the utility model.

Although the illustrative specific implementation mode of the utility model is described above, in order to the art Technical staff understands the utility model, it should be apparent that the utility model is not limited to the range of specific implementation mode, to this technology For the those of ordinary skill in field, as long as various change is in the essence of the utility model that the attached claims limit and determine In god and range, these variations are it will be apparent that all within the scope of the requires of the utility model is protected.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of neutron capture treatment system, including neutron generation device and beam-shaping body, the neutron generation device include Accelerator and target, sub-line during the accelerator accelerates the charged particle line generated to be generated with target effect, the beam Shaping body includes reflector, slow body, thermal neutron absorber, radiation shield and beam outlet, and the slow body will be described in The neutron degradation that target generates to epithermal neutron energy area, the reflector surround the slow body and the neutron that will deviate from back to The slow body to improve epithermal neutron intensity of beam, the thermal neutron absorber for absorb thermal neutron to avoid when treatment with Shallow-layer normal structure caused multi-dose, the radiation shield to be used at the reflector rear portion around beam outlet setting The neutron and photon leaked in shielding is to reduce the normal tissue dose in non-irradiated area, which is characterized in that the target has cold But import, coolant outlet and the cooling duct being arranged between cooling import and coolant outlet are provided in the cooling duct At least one protruding portion, the protruding portion have cooling surface.

2. a kind of target for particle beam generating apparatus, which is characterized in that the target includes active layer, pedestal layer and heat dissipation Layer, the active layer support the active layer, the heat dissipating layer to have for cooling for generating the particle line, the pedestal layer The cooling duct of flow of media, at least one protruding portion is provided in the cooling duct, and the protruding portion has cooling surface.

3. the target according to claim 2 for particle beam generating apparatus, which is characterized in that the particle line generates dress It is set to neutron beam generating apparatus, the material of the active layer is Li or its alloy, the active layer and incident proton Shu Fasheng⁷Li (p,n)⁷Be nuclear reactions generate neutron；Or the material of the active layer is Be or its alloy, the active layer and incident proton Shu Fasheng⁹Be(p,n)⁹B nuclear reactions generate neutron.

4. the target according to claim 2 for particle beam generating apparatus, which is characterized in that the protruding portion is from described The inner wall of cooling duct along and cooling medium stream lead to that direction is vertical or inclined direction protrudes, the protruding portion is twist or directly The linear inner wall from the cooling duct leads to direction along cooling medium stream and extends, or is spaced apart to lead to direction in cooling medium stream Ring or ring a part.

5. the target according to claim 2 for particle beam generating apparatus, which is characterized in that the protruding portion with it is described Cooling duct, which is the integrated or described protruding portion, to be separately formed and is mounted in the cooling duct, in the cooling surface Sub- protruding portion is set.

6. the target according to claim 4 for particle beam generating apparatus, which is characterized in that the protruding portion is vertical The cross-sectional shape for leading to direction in cooling medium stream is rectangle, trapezoidal or triangle；Varying cross-section shape is of different sizes, Cooling medium stream leads to direction in pulse type, zigzag or wavy.

7. the target according to claim 4 for particle beam generating apparatus, which is characterized in that logical with cooling medium stream The vertical direction in direction, the maximum distance that the protruding portion extends from cooling duct inner wall is less than extends to phase in the extending direction To inner wall distance half, the shape of the adjacent protruding portion of at least two and/or prominent length are different.

8. the target according to claim 4 for particle beam generating apparatus, which is characterized in that the protruding portion at least portion Set up the cooling duct inner wall set being contacted with active layer or pedestal layer separately.

9. the target according to claim 2 for particle beam generating apparatus, which is characterized in that set in the cooling duct It sets at least one second wall and the cooling duct is divided into the mutually independent subchannel of at least two, in the adjacent subchannel of at least two It is different that cooling medium stream leads to direction.

10. the target according to claim 2 for particle beam generating apparatus, which is characterized in that the heat dissipating layer includes The inside of the tube-like piece being made of multiple tube side-by-sides, the pipe is at least a partially formed the cooling duct, the cooling duct Inner wall is cylindrical surface, and the protruding portion is that the inner wall from the cooling duct is prominent along the vertical direction in direction is led to cooling medium stream Go out and the linear strip piece for leading to direction extension along cooling medium stream, the protruding portion are multiple and along the cooling ducts Wall is circumferentially evenly distributed.