CN109381802A - Neutron capture treatment system and target for particle beam generating apparatus - Google Patents
Neutron capture treatment system and target for particle beam generating apparatus Download PDFInfo
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- CN109381802A CN109381802A CN201710670326.9A CN201710670326A CN109381802A CN 109381802 A CN109381802 A CN 109381802A CN 201710670326 A CN201710670326 A CN 201710670326A CN 109381802 A CN109381802 A CN 109381802A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
- A61N5/10—X-ray therapy; Gamma-ray therapy; Particle-irradiation therapy
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
- A61N5/10—X-ray therapy; Gamma-ray therapy; Particle-irradiation therapy
- A61N5/1042—X-ray therapy; Gamma-ray therapy; Particle-irradiation therapy with spatial modulation of the radiation beam within the treatment head
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B33/00—Layered products characterised by particular properties or particular surface features, e.g. particular surface coatings; Layered products designed for particular purposes not covered by another single class
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
- H05H6/00—Targets for producing nuclear reactions
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
- A61N2005/002—Cooling systems
- A61N2005/005—Cooling systems for cooling the radiator
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
- A61N5/10—X-ray therapy; Gamma-ray therapy; Particle-irradiation therapy
- A61N2005/1085—X-ray therapy; Gamma-ray therapy; Particle-irradiation therapy characterised by the type of particles applied to the patient
- A61N2005/109—Neutrons
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
- A61N5/10—X-ray therapy; Gamma-ray therapy; Particle-irradiation therapy
- A61N2005/1092—Details
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of neutron capture treatment system and the target for particle beam generating apparatus, can promote the heat dissipation performance of target, reduces blistering, increases target life.Neutron capture treatment system of the invention, including neutron generation device and beam-shaping body, neutron generation device includes accelerator and target, accelerator accelerates sub-line in the charged particle line generated and target effect generation, target includes active layer, pedestal layer and heat dissipating layer, sub-line in active layer and the effect generation of charged particle line, pedestal layer supporting role layer, heat dissipating layer includes the cooling duct of meander-like.
Description
Technical field
One aspect of the present invention is related to a kind of irradiation with radiation system more particularly to a kind of neutron capture treatment system；This hair
Bright another aspect is related to a kind of target for irradiation with radiation system more particularly to a kind of target for particle beam generating apparatus
Material.
Background technique
As the radiation cures such as the development of atomics, such as cobalt 60, linear accelerator, electron beam have become cancer
One of the main means of disease treatment.However conventional photonic or electronic therapy are limited by radioactive ray physical condition itself, are being killed
While dead tumour cell, normal tissue a large amount of in beam approach can also be damaged；Additionally, due to tumour cell to putting
The difference of radiation-sensitive degree, traditional radiation therapy is for relatively having the malignant tumour of radiation resistance (such as: multirow glioblast
Tumor (glioblastoma multiforme), melanocytoma (melanoma)) treatment effect it is often bad.
Target therapy in order to reduce the radiation injury of tumour surrounding normal tissue, in chemotherapy (chemotherapy)
Concept is just applied in radiation cure；And it is directed to the tumour cell of radiation resistance, also actively development has high phase at present
To the radiation source of biological effect (relative biological effectiveness, RBE), as proton therapeutic, heavy particle are controlled
Treatment, neutron capture treatment etc..Wherein, neutron capture treatment is to combine above two concept, if boron neutron capture is treated, by
Boracic drug gathers in the specificity of tumour cell, and accurately neutron beam regulates and controls for cooperation, provides more better than conventional radiation
Treatment of cancer selection.
In the treatment of accelerator boron neutron capture, the treatment of accelerator boron neutron capture by accelerator by proton beam acceleration,
Proton beam accelerates to the energy for being enough to overcome target atom core coulomb repulsion, and nuclear reaction occurs to generate neutron, therefore with target
Target will receive the irradiation of the accelerating proton beam of very same high-energy level during generating neutron, and the temperature of target can be substantially
Rise, while the metal part of target is easy blistering, to influence the service life of target.
Therefore, it is necessary to propose the new technical solution of one kind to solve the above problems.
Summary of the invention
To solve the above-mentioned problems, one aspect of the present invention provides a kind of neutron capture treatment system, including neutron generates
Device and beam-shaping body, the neutron generation device include accelerator and target, and the accelerator accelerates the band electrochondria generated
Sub-line in sub-line and target effect generation, the beam-shaping body includes reflector, slow body, thermal neutron absorber, spoke
Penetrate shield and beam outlet, the slow body by from the neutron degradation that the target generates to epithermal neutron energy area, it is described instead
Slow body and the neutron that will deviate from described in emitters envelop are back to the slow body to improve epithermal neutron intensity of beam, the heat
Multi-dose, the radiation shield were caused with shallow-layer normal tissue when neutron absorber is for absorbing thermal neutron to avoid treatment
Neutron and photon of the reflector rear portion for shielding leakage are set to reduce non-irradiated area around beam outlet
Normal tissue dose, the target include active layer, pedestal layer and heat dissipating layer, and the active layer and the effect of charged particle line generate
Middle sub-line, the pedestal layer support the active layer, and the heat dissipating layer includes the cooling duct of meander-like.Prolong in the channel of meander-like
Circulation path has been grown, the contact area of heat transfer wall and cooling medium can be increased to increase heat-delivery surface, be formed simultaneously two
Effect is mixed in secondary stream, increase, promotes heat-transfer capability and heat dissipation effect, facilitates the service life for extending target.
Preferably as one kind, neutron capture treatment system further includes instrument table and collimator, the neutron generation device
The middle sub-line generated irradiates the patient on the instrument table by the beam-shaping body, between the patient and beam outlet
Radiation shield device is set to shield radiation of the beam for exporting out from the beam to patient's normal tissue, the collimator
It is arranged and in the beam goes out metastomium with sub-line in converging, the first, second cooling tube, the target is set in the beam-shaping body
Material has cooling import, coolant outlet, and the cooling duct is arranged between the cooling import and coolant outlet, and described the
One, the cooling import with the target and coolant outlet are connect respectively for one end of the second cooling tube, and the other end is connected to external cold
But source, the bending geometry of the cooling duct of the meander-like are the smoothed curve or successively end to end curved section of continuous bend
Or straightway, the smoothed curve of the continuous bend are string wave function.
Further, target is located in the beam-shaping body, and the accelerator, which has, accelerates charged particle line
Accelerating tube, the accelerating tube protrudes into the beam-shaping body along charged particle line direction and to sequentially pass through the reflector gentle
Fast body, described slowly in vivo and positioned at the acceleration tube end, the first, second cooling tube setting exists for the target setting
Between the accelerating tube and the reflector and slow body.
Another aspect of the present invention provides a kind of target for particle beam generating apparatus, the target include active layer,
Pedestal layer and heat dissipating layer, the active layer support the active layer, the heat dissipation for generating the particle line, the pedestal layer
Layer includes the cooling duct of meander-like.The channel of meander-like extends circulation path, can increase heat transfer wall and cooling medium
Contact area to increasing heat-delivery surface, be formed simultaneously Secondary Flow, effect is mixed in increase, promotes heat-transfer capability and heat dissipation effect
Fruit facilitates the service life for extending target.
Preferably as one kind, the bending geometry of the cooling duct of meander-like is the smoothed curve or successively first of continuous bend
Tail connected curved section or straightway, the smoothed curve of the continuous bend are string wave function.Cooling duct uses continuous bend
Smoothed curve can be further reduced flow resistance caused by flow path such as string wave function.
Preferably as another kind, the cooling duct of meander-like includes the multiple of the wall formation arranged in parallel of multiple meander-likes
The multiple sub- spiral tortuous passageways to be formed are unfolded with helix for the wall of sub parallel tortuous passageway or one or more meander-likes, at least
Cooling medium circulation direction in 2 the adjacent parallel tortuous passageways of son or sub- spiral tortuous passageway is different.Adjacent son
Cooling medium circulation direction in parallel tortuous passageway or sub- spiral tortuous passageway is different, further increases radiating efficiency.
Preferably as another kind, heat dissipating layer includes the first plate and the second plate, and first plate has towards the effect
Layer the first side and second side opposite with first side, the cooling duct of the meander-like be formed in described second side or
On second plate on the side opposite with first plate.
Further, heat dissipating layer has cooling import and coolant outlet, and the cooling duct connection of the meander-like is described cold
But import and coolant outlet, the cooling import and coolant outlet are arranged on one of first plate and second plate, or point
It She Zhi not be on first plate and the second plate.The material of first plate and/or the second plate is Ta or Ta-W alloy or Cu, the song
The cross-sectional shape for rolling over the cooling duct of shape is rectangle, circle, polygon or ellipse.
Further, cooling import and/or coolant outlet periphery are additionally provided with circumferential wall, second plate and the week
To wall surface to the intimate surface contact of second plate, cavity is formed between first plate and the second plate, so that from described
The cooling medium that cooling import enters can only be gone out by the coolant outlet.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the neutron capture treatment system schematic diagram in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the target in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the heat dissipating layer of the target in Fig. 2；
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the first plate of the heat dissipating layer in Fig. 3；
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of the second embodiment of the heat dissipating layer of the target in Fig. 2；
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of the first plate of the heat dissipating layer in Fig. 5.
Specific embodiment
The embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawing, to enable those skilled in the art's reference
Specification word can be implemented accordingly.
Such as Fig. 1, the neutron capture treatment system in the present embodiment is preferably boron neutron capture treatment system 100, including in
Sub- generation device 10, beam-shaping body 20, collimator 30 and instrument table 40.Neutron generation device 10 includes accelerator 11 and target
T, accelerator 11 accelerate charged particle (such as proton, deuteron), generate the charged particle line C such as proton line, band electrochondria
Sub-line C is irradiated to target T and is preferably metal targets with sub-line (neutron beam) N, target T in target T effect generation.According to needed for
Neutron yield rate and the characteristics such as energy, the available materialization for accelerating charged particle energy and size of current, metal targets come
Suitable nuclear reaction is selected, the nuclear reaction being often discussed has7Li(p,n)7Be and9Be(p,n)9B, both reactions are all heat absorption
Reaction.The energy threshold of two kinds of nuclear reactions is respectively 1.881MeV and 2.055MeV, due in the ideal of boron neutron capture treatment
Component is the epithermal neutron of keV energy grade, if being theoretically only slightly taller than the proton bombardment lithium metal target of threshold values using energy,
The neutron that can produce opposite low energy, clinic can be used for by being not required to too many slow handle, however lithium metal (Li) and beryllium metal
(Be) the proton-effect section of two kinds of targets and threshold values energy is not high, to generate sufficiently large neutron flux, usually selects higher
The proton of energy causes nuclear reaction.Ideal target should have high neutron yield rate, the neutron energy of generation is distributed close to superthermal
Neutron energy range (will be described in more detail below) wears by force the characteristics such as radiation generation, the cheap easily operated and high temperature resistant of safety without too many,
But actually and it can not find and meet required nuclear reaction.It is well known to those skilled in the art, target T can also by Li,
Metal material except Be is made, such as is formed by Ta or W and its alloy etc..Accelerator 11 can be linear accelerator, convolution
Accelerator, synchrotron, synchrocyclotron.
The neutron beam N that neutron generation device 10 generates passes sequentially through beam-shaping body 20 and collimator 30 is irradiated to instrument table
Patient 200 on 40.Beam-shaping body 20 can adjust the beam quality of the neutron beam N of the generation of neutron generation device 10, collimation
Device 30 makes neutron beam N targeting with higher during being treated to converge neutron beam N.Beam-shaping body 20
It further comprise reflector 21, slow body 22, thermal neutron absorber 23, radiation shield 24 and beam outlet 25, neutron generates
The neutron that device 10 generates other than epithermal neutron meets treatment needs, needs to reduce it as far as possible since power spectrum is very wide
The neutron and photon content of his type damage to avoid to operator or patient, therefore come out from neutron generation device 10
Neutron need fast neutron energy adjusting therein to epithermal neutron energy area by slow body 22, slow body 22 by with fast neutron
The material that action section is big, epithermal neutron action section is small is made, and in the present embodiment, slow body 22 is by D2O、AlF3、
Fluental、CaF2、Li2CO3、MgF2And Al2O3At least one of be made；Reflector 21 surrounds slow body 22, and passes through
The neutron reflection that slow body 22 is spread around returns neutron beam N to improve the utilization rate of neutron, by with neutron reflection ability
Strong material is made, and in the present embodiment, reflector 21 is made of at least one of Pb or Ni；There is a heat at slow 22 rear portion of body
Neutron absorber 23 is made of the material big with thermal neutron action section, and in the present embodiment, thermal neutron absorber 23 is by Li-6 system
At thermal neutron absorber 23 is used to absorb the thermal neutron across slow body 22 to reduce the content of thermal neutron in neutron beam N, avoids
Multi-dose was caused with shallow-layer normal tissue when treatment；Radiation shield 24 is arranged around beam outlet 25 at reflector rear portion,
For shielding the neutron and photon that leak from beam outlet 25 with outer portion, the material of radiation shield 24 includes photon shielding material
At least one of material and neutron shielding material, in the present embodiment, the material of radiation shield 24 includes photon shielding material lead
(Pb) and neutron shielding material polyethylene (PE).It is appreciated that beam-shaping body 20 can also have other constructions, as long as can
Obtain epithermal neutron beam needed for treating.The setting of collimator 30 exports 25 rear portions in beam, comes out from collimator 30 superthermal
Neutron beam is irradiated to patient 200, is slowly that thermal neutron reaches tumour cell M after shallow-layer normal tissue, it will be understood that collimation
Device 30 can also be cancelled or be replaced by other structures, and neutron beam comes out from beam outlet 25 directly to be irradiated to patient 200.This implementation
In example, it is also provided with radiation shield device 50 between patient 200 and beam outlet 25, shields the beam come out from beam outlet 25
Radiation to patient's normal tissue, it will be understood that radiation shield device 50 can also be not provided with.
After patient 200 takes or inject boracic (B-10) drug, it is gathered in tumour cell M to boracic drug selectivity,
Then there is using boracic (B-10) drug to thermal neutron the characteristic of high capture cross section, by10B(n,α)7Li neutron capture and core
Dissociative reaction generates4He and7Two heavy burden charged particle of Li.The average energy of two charged particles is about 2.33MeV, has High Linear
(Linear Energy Transfer, LET), short range feature are shifted, the linear energy transfer of the short particle of α is respectively with range
150keV/ μm, 8 μm, and7Li heavy burden particle is then 175keV/ μm, 5 μm, and it is big that the integrated range of two particle is approximately equivalent to a cell
It is small, therefore the radiation injury for caused by organism can be confined to cell level, just can cause too big wound in not normal tissue
Under the premise of evil, achieve the purpose that tumour cell is killed in part.
It is described in detail below with reference to structure of the Fig. 2 to target T.
Target T is arranged between accelerator 11 and beam-shaping body 20, and accelerator 11, which has, adds charged particle line C
The accelerating tube 111 of speed, in the present embodiment, accelerating tube 111 protrudes into beam-shaping body 20 along the direction charged particle line C, and successively wears
Reflector 21 and slow body 22 are crossed, the end in slow body 22 and being located at accelerating tube 111 is arranged in target T, preferable to obtain
Neutron beam quality.
Target T includes heat dissipating layer 12, pedestal layer 13 and active layer 14, and active layer 14 and charged particle line C are acted in generation
Sub-line, 13 supporting role layer 14 of pedestal layer.Heat dissipating layer 12 by Heat Conduction Material (such as material of Cu, Fe, Al good heat conductivity) or
Can it is thermally conductive but also inhibit foaming material be made；Pedestal layer 13 is by inhibiting the material of foaming to be made；Inhibit foaming material or
Can it is thermally conductive but also inhibit foaming material include at least one of Fe, Ta or V.In the present embodiment, the material of active layer 14
For Li or its alloy, charged particle line C is proton line, and target T further includes being located at 14 side of active layer for preventing active layer oxygen
The anti oxidation layer 15 of change, pedestal layer 13 can inhibit the foaming as caused by incident proton line simultaneously, and charged particle line C is along incident direction
Sequentially pass through anti oxidation layer 15, active layer 14 and pedestal layer 13.The material of anti oxidation layer 15 considers to be not easy to be applied layer corruption simultaneously
Erosion and the loss and the caused fever of proton beam that can reduce incident proton beam, such as include Al, Ti and its alloy or stainless steel
At least one of.In the present embodiment, anti oxidation layer 15 is the material that nuclear reaction can occur with proton simultaneously, plays above-mentioned work
With while can further increase neutron yield rate, at this point, anti oxidation layer simultaneously be active layer a part, such as using Be or its
Alloy, the energy of incident proton beam are higher than the energy threshold that nuclear reaction occurs with Li and Be, it is anti-to generate two different cores respectively
It answers,7Li(p,n)7Be and9Be(p,n)9B；In addition, Be has high-melting-point and good thermal conduction characteristic, fusing point is 1287 DEG C, heat
Conductivity is 201W/ (m K), the high temperature resistant and thermal diffusivity relative to Li (fusing point is 181 DEG C, and pyroconductivity is 71W/ (m K))
There can be great advantage, further increase the service life of target, and the reaction threshold values of (p, n) nuclear reaction occurs about with proton in it
For 2.055MeV, majority uses the accelerator neutron generator of proton beamlets, and energy is all higher than the reaction threshold values, and beryllium target is also lithium
Optimal selection other than target.With use other materials, such as Al, anti oxidation layer compare, due to the presence of Be, neutron yield rate is obtained
It improves.In the present embodiment, proton heat input is 2.5MeV-5MeV, can generate higher action section with lithium target, while not
Excessive fast neutron can be generated, preferable beam quality is obtained；Active layer 14 with a thickness of 80 μm -240 μm, can occur with proton
Adequately reaction, blocked up will not cause energy to deposit, influence target heat dissipation performance；While reaching said effect guarantee compared with
Low manufacturing cost, anti oxidation layer 15 with a thickness of 5 μm -25 μm.In comparative test, emulated respectively using Mondicaro software
The proton beam of 2.5MeV, 3MeV, 3.5MeV, 4MeV, 4.5MeV, 5MeV by the action face perpendicular to target T direction successively
Inject anti oxidation layer 15, active layer 14 (Li) and pedestal layer 13 (Ta will be described in detail later), the material of anti oxidation layer 15 with Al with
Be is compared, and 15 thickness of anti oxidation layer is respectively 5 μm, 10 μm, 15 μm, 20 μm, 25 μm, and 14 thickness of active layer is respectively 80 μ
M, 120 μm, 160 μm, 200 μm, 240 μm, 12 thickness of pedestal layer have little effect visual actual conditions to neutron yield rate and adjust,
Obtained neutron yield rate (the neutron number that i.e. each proton generates) result is as shown in table 1, table 2.Use Be as lithium target antioxygen
The neutron yield rate promotion ratio calculated result for changing layer relative to Al is as shown in table 3, is known by result, uses Be as anti oxidation layer material
When material, neutron yield rate is obviously improved relative to Al, and the neutron yield rate that can be obtained is 7.31E-05n/proton-5.61E-
04n/proton。
Table 1, use Al as neutron yield rate (n/proton) .E of lithium target anti oxidation layer be incident proton heat input
Table 2, use Be as neutron yield rate (n/proton) .E of lithium target anti oxidation layer be incident proton heat input
Table 3 uses Be to promote ratio .E relative to the neutron yield rate of Al as lithium target anti oxidation layer as incident proton line energy
Amount
When pedestal layer 13 is made of Ta, blistering can be reduced simultaneously with certain heat dissipation effect, inhibits proton and Li
Inelastic scattering occurs and discharges γ, and extra proton is prevented to pass through target；In the present embodiment, the material of pedestal layer 13 is
Ta-W alloy can significantly improve the disadvantage that pure tantalum intensity is low, heat conductivity is poor while keeping the excellent performance of above-mentioned Ta,
Active layer 14 that the heat that nuclear reaction generates occurs to be conducted in time by pedestal layer.The weight percent of W in Ta-W alloy
Than for 2.5%-20%, to guarantee that pedestal layer inhibits the characteristic of foaming, while pedestal layer has higher intensity and heat conductivity,
Further extend target service life.Using powder metallurgy, forging, compacting etc. by Ta-W alloy (such as Ta-2.5wt%W, Ta-
5.0wt%W, Ta-7.5wt%W, Ta-10wt%W, Ta-12wt%W, Ta-20wt%W etc.) pedestal layer 13 of plate is made,
Proton heat input is 1.881MeV-10MeV, and the thickness of pedestal layer is at least 50 μm, to fully absorb extra proton.
Heat dissipating layer can there are many constructions, for example heat pipe.In the first embodiment of the heat dissipating layer shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, dissipate
Thermosphere 12 is plate, including the first plate 121 and the second plate 122, and the first plate 121 has 1211 He of the first side towards active layer 14
Second side 1212 opposite with the first side 1211 forms the cooling duct P for cooling flow of media, the second plate in second side 1212
122 and first plate 121 second side 1212 be in close contact, it will be understood that cooling duct P also can be set on the second plate 122
On the side opposite with the first plate 121.Cooling duct P is meander-like, and the cooling duct P of meander-like includes that multiple sons are parallel tortuous
Channel P1, i.e., it is arranged in parallel by the wall W of multiple meander-likes, slot S (the i.e. parallel complications of son of meander-like are formed between adjacent wall W
Channel P1).The bending geometry of sub parallel tortuous passageway P1 is string wave function:
Wherein,For coordinate, k that phase angle, x are cooling medium circulation direction (described below) be amplitude, T is the period.
It is appreciated that cooling duct P can also be other meander-shapeds, such as the smoothed curve of continuous bend or successively first
Tail connected curved section or straightway, the channel of meander-like extends circulation path, can increase heat transfer wall and cooling medium
Contact area to increasing heat-delivery surface, be formed simultaneously Secondary Flow, effect is mixed in increase, promotes heat-transfer capability and heat dissipation effect
Fruit facilitates the service life for extending target.Cooling duct P can further be subtracted using the smoothed curve of continuous bend such as string wave function
Flow resistance caused by few flow path.The cooling duct P of meander-like can also have other arrangement modes.
Heat dissipating layer 12 is also connected to cooling import IN with cooling import IN and coolant outlet OUT, cooling duct P and cooling goes out
Mouth OUT, cooling medium enter from cooling import IN, by cooling duct P, then come out from coolant outlet OUT.Target T by
The accelerating proton beam irradiation temperature of same high-energy level increases fever, and pedestal layer and heat dissipating layer exist by heat derives, and by circulation
Cooling medium in cooling duct takes heat out of, to cool down to target T.Cooling import IN and coolant outlet OUT is each
There are 3, is symmetricly set on the both ends of cooling duct P on the first plate 121, and on the first side 1211 to the direction of second side 1212
It extends through, inlet channel S1 and outlet slot S2 is also formed in second side 1212, inlet channel S1, outlet slot S2 are respectively communicated with cold
But import IN, coolant outlet OUT tortuous passageway P1 parallel with each height so that from the cooling medium that cooling import IN enters from into
Mouth slot S1 respectively enters the parallel tortuous passageway P1 of each height, goes out using outlet slot S2 from coolant outlet OUT.It is appreciated that
Cooling import IN and coolant outlet OUT can be other numbers or other forms, can also be arranged simultaneously on the second plate
Or it is respectively set on the first panel and on the second plate.Cooling import IN and the periphery coolant outlet OUT are additionally provided with circumferential wall W1, the
Two plates 122 and intimate surface contact of the circumferential direction wall W1 towards the second plate 122, form between the first plate 121 and the second plate 122 and hold
Chamber, so that can only be gone out from the cooling medium that cooling import IN enters by coolant outlet OUT, the second plate 122 and the first plate 121
The face of contact is plane, and the height of the wall W of meander-like is identical with the height of circumferential wall W1；It is understood that, or cascaded surface
Or other constructions, the height of the wall W of meander-like may be different with the height of circumferential wall W1 at this time, as long as making each height bent in parallel
It is independent from each other between folding channel P1.Cooling medium circulation direction D in the parallel tortuous passageway P1 of adjacent son is (cooling
The circulating direction of cooling medium entirety in channel) it can also be different, further increase radiating efficiency.Inlet channel S1 and outlet slot S2
There can be other set-up modes, such as make cooling medium followed by the parallel tortuous passageway P1 of each height.In the present embodiment, the
The material of one plate and the second plate is all Cu, has preferable heat dissipation performance and cost is relatively low.Form of the slot S of cooling duct P
Several and size determines that the cross-sectional shape of slot is also possible to multiplicity according to the size of practical target, as rectangle, circle, polygon,
Ellipse etc., different cross sections can also have different shapes.
First plate 121 and the second plate 122 such as weld together by connectors or other fixed structures such as bolt or screws
Deng being fixed in slow body 22 or 111 end of accelerating tube or the first plate 121 and the second plate 122 first connect and incite somebody to action one of them again
Fixed in slow body 22 or 111 end of accelerating tube.It is appreciated that heat dissipating layer can also be carried out using other dismountable connections
Fixed or installation, is conveniently replaceable target；Heat dissipating layer 12 can also have supporting element (not shown), the first plate 121 and/or
Two plates 122 are fixed by supporting element, and cooling import IN and coolant outlet OUT also can be set on supporting element.This implementation
In example, first, second cooling tube D1, D2 is set, and first, second is cooling between accelerating tube 111 and reflector 21 and slow body 22
One end of pipe D1, D2 are connect with the cooling import IN of target T and coolant outlet OUT respectively, and the other end is connected to external cooling source.
It is appreciated that the first, second cooling tube can also be otherwise arranged in beam-shaping body, when target is placed in beam-shaping
When except body, it can also cancel.
Such as Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, it is the second embodiment of heat dissipating layer, only describes the place being different from the first embodiment below.It is dissipating
In the second embodiment of thermosphere, the cooling duct P ' of meander-like includes multiple sub- spiral tortuous passageway P1 ', i.e., by one or more
The wall W ' of meander-like is unfolded around same center with helix, and each wall W ' forms plurality of layers, each wall W ' formation radially
Layer interaction arrangement radially, form slot S ' (i.e. sub- spiral tortuous passageway P1 ') between adjacent layer.Sub- spiral tortuous passageway
The lopcus function of P1 ' are as follows:
Wherein, RinFor center radius, RoutFor outer radius, θ be polar angle, K is amplitude, T is the period.
The center of the second plate 122 ' is arranged in cooling import IN ', penetrates through with the center of each sub- spiral tortuous passageway P1 ', cold
But outlet OUT ' has 4, it is circumferential it is flat is arranged at the periphery that the first plate 121 ' goes up cooling duct P ', in the first side 1211 ' to the
It is extended through on the direction of two sides 1212 ', it will be understood that can also have other set-up modes.The center of cooling duct P ', i.e.,
The center of each sub- spiral tortuous passageway P1 ' is above also formed with out as inlet channel S1 ' in second side 1212 ' of the first plate 121 '
Mouthful slot S2 ', outlet slot S2 ' connection coolant outlet OUT ' and each sub- helical curve roll over channel P1 ' so that from cool down import IN ' into
The cooling medium entered respectively enters each sub- helical curve folding channel P1 ' from the cooling duct center P ', using outlet slot S2 ' from cold
But outlet OUT ' goes out.The periphery coolant outlet OUT ' is provided with circumferential wall W1 ', and the second plate 122 ' and circumferential direction wall W1 ' is towards second
The intimate surface contact of plate 122 ' forms cavity between the first plate 121 ' and the second plate 122 ' so that from cooling import IN ' into
The cooling medium entered can only be gone out by coolant outlet OUT ', and the face that the second plate 122 ' is contacted with the first plate 121 ' is plane, bent
The height for rolling over the wall W ' of shape is identical with the height of circumferential wall W1 '；It is understood that, or cascaded surface or other constructions, at this time
The height of the wall W ' of meander-like may be different with the height of circumferential wall W1 ', as long as making between each sub- helical curve folding channel P1 '
It is independent from each other.Cooling medium circulation direction in adjacent sub- spiral tortuous passageway P1 ' can also be different, further
Increase radiating efficiency.It is also provided with protruding portion 1213 ' at the center of first plate 121 ', for rectifying and increasing heat-transfer area
Product reduces central hot spot temperature.The height of protruding portion 1213 ' can be higher than the height of wall W ' and circumferential wall W1 ', and protrude into second
Cooling import IN ' on plate；The shape of protruding portion 1213 ' can be solid conical, conulite, sheet etc..
In the present embodiment, the manufacturing process of target T is as follows:
S1: being poured into formation active layer 14 on pedestal layer 13 for the lithium metal of liquid or its alloy, can also be using vapor deposition
Or the processing such as sputtering, very thin adhesive layer 16 can also be set between pedestal layer and active layer, the material of adhesive layer 16 include Cu,
At least one of Al, Mg or Zn equally can be used the processing such as vapor deposition or sputtering, improve the adhesion of pedestal layer and active layer；
S2: by pedestal layer 13 and heat dissipating layer 12 carry out HIP (Hot Isostatic Pressing: hot isostatic pressing) processing or
Other techniques are attached；
S3: anti oxidation layer 15 carries out HIP processing or closes pedestal layer 13 by other techniques to form a cavity simultaneously
And/or active layer 14 is surrounded.
Above-mentioned steps S1, S2, S3 in no particular order, such as can first by anti oxidation layer 15 and pedestal layer 13 carry out HIP processing or
Pedestal layer 13 is closed by other techniques and forms a cavity, then the lithium metal of liquid or its alloy are poured into the cavity
Form active layer 14.Heat dissipating layer can also at least partly use identical material or Construction integration with pedestal layer, such as using Ta or
First plate made of Ta-W alloy is used as heat dissipating layer 12 and pedestal layer 13 simultaneously, and the second plate can use identical as the first plate at this time
Material or be still made of Cu, step S2 can cancel, active layer 14 by casting, vapor deposition or sputtering etc. techniques and first
Plate connection.
In the present embodiment, target T is integrally in disk-shaped；It is appreciated that target T can also be rectangular plate-like；Target T can also
Think other solid shapes；Target T can also be with respect to accelerator or beam-shaping body it is movable, change target to facilitate or make grain
Sub-line and target stepless action.Liquid material (liquid metals) also can be used in active layer 14.
It is appreciated that target of the invention can also be applied to the neutron generation device of other medical treatment and non-medical field, only
The generation for wanting its neutron is the nuclear reaction based on particle line and target, then the material of target is also based on different nuclear reactions area
Not；It can also be applied to other particle beam generating apparatus.
Although the illustrative specific embodiment of the present invention is described above, in order to the technology of the art
Personnel understand the present invention, it should be apparent that the present invention is not limited to the range of specific embodiment, to the common skill of the art
For art personnel, if various change the attached claims limit and determine the spirit and scope of the present invention in, these
Variation is it will be apparent that all within the scope of protection of present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of neutron capture treatment system, which is characterized in that the neutron capture treatment system include neutron generation device and
Beam-shaping body, the neutron generation device include accelerator and target, the accelerator accelerate the charged particle line generated with
Sub-line in the target effect generation, the beam-shaping body includes reflector, slow body, thermal neutron absorber, radiation shield
Body and beam outlet, the slow body will be from the neutron degradation that the target generates to epithermal neutron energy area, the reflector packet
Enclose the slow body and the neutron that will deviate from back to the slow body to improve epithermal neutron intensity of beam, the thermal neutron is inhaled
Acceptor caused multi-dose for absorbing thermal neutron with shallow-layer normal tissue when treatment, the radiation shield surrounds institute
It states beam outlet and the reflector rear portion is set for shielding neutron and the photon of leakage to reduce normal group of non-irradiated area
Dosage is knitted, the target includes active layer, pedestal layer and heat dissipating layer, and the active layer and the effect of charged particle line generate neutron
Line, the pedestal layer support the active layer, and the heat dissipating layer includes the cooling duct of meander-like.
2. neutron capture treatment system as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the neutron capture treatment system further includes
Instrument table and collimator, the middle sub-line that the neutron generation device generates are irradiated by the beam-shaping body to the instrument table
On patient, the patient and beam outlet between be arranged radiation shield device to shield the beam for exporting out from the beam
Radiation to patient's normal tissue, the collimator, which is arranged, goes out metastomium in the beam with sub-line in converging, and the beam is whole
First, second cooling tube is set in body, and the target has cooling import, coolant outlet, and the cooling duct is arranged in institute
State between cooling import and coolant outlet, one end of first, second cooling tube respectively with the cooling import of the target and
Coolant outlet connection, the other end are connected to external cooling source, and the bending geometry of the cooling duct of the meander-like is continuous bend
Smoothed curve or successively end to end curved section or straightway, the smoothed curve of the continuous bend is string wave function.
3. neutron capture treatment system as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that the target is located at the beam-shaping body
Interior, the accelerator has the accelerating tube accelerated to charged particle line, and the accelerating tube is protruded into along charged particle line direction
The beam-shaping body simultaneously sequentially passes through the reflector and slow body, and the target setting is described slow in vivo and positioned at institute
Acceleration tube end is stated, first, second cooling tube is arranged between the accelerating tube and the reflector and slow body.
4. a kind of target for particle beam generating apparatus, which is characterized in that the target includes active layer, pedestal layer and heat dissipation
Layer, the active layer support the active layer for generating the particle line, the pedestal layer, and the heat dissipating layer includes meander-like
Cooling duct.
5. being used for the target of particle beam generating apparatus as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that the cooling of the meander-like is logical
The bending geometry in road is the smoothed curve or successively end to end curved section or straightway of continuous bend, the continuous bend
Smoothed curve is string wave function.
6. being used for the target of particle beam generating apparatus as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that the cooling of the meander-like is logical
Road include the wall formation arranged in parallel of multiple meander-likes the parallel tortuous passageways of multiple sons or one or more meander-likes wall with
The multiple sub- spiral tortuous passageways to be formed, the adjacent parallel tortuous passageway of son of at least two or sub- helical curve is unfolded in helix
The cooling medium circulation direction rolled in channel is different.
7. being used for the target of particle beam generating apparatus as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that the heat dissipating layer includes first
Plate and the second plate, first plate have the first side and second side opposite with first side towards the active layer, institute
The cooling duct for stating meander-like is formed on side opposite with first plate in described second side or on second plate.
8. being used for the target of particle beam generating apparatus as claimed in claim 7, which is characterized in that the heat dissipating layer has cooling
Import and coolant outlet, the cooling duct of the meander-like are connected to the cooling import and coolant outlet, the cooling import and
Coolant outlet is arranged on one of first plate and second plate, or is separately positioned on first plate and the second plate.
9. being used for the target of particle beam generating apparatus as claimed in claim 7, which is characterized in that first plate and/or the
The material of two plates is Ta or Ta-W alloy or Cu, and the cross-sectional shape of the cooling duct of the meander-like is rectangle, circle, polygon
Shape or ellipse.
10. as claimed in claim 8 be used for particle beam generating apparatus target, which is characterized in that the cooling import and/or
Coolant outlet periphery is additionally provided with circumferential wall, and second plate closely connects with the circumferential wall to the surface of second plate
Touching, forms cavity between first plate and the second plate, so that can only pass through from the cooling medium that the cooling import enters
The coolant outlet is gone out.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710670326.9A CN109381802A (en) | 2017-08-08 | 2017-08-08 | Neutron capture treatment system and target for particle beam generating apparatus |
| PCT/CN2018/098985 WO2019029483A1 (en) | 2017-08-08 | 2018-08-06 | Neutron capture therapy system and target material for use with particle beam production device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710670326.9A CN109381802A (en) | 2017-08-08 | 2017-08-08 | Neutron capture treatment system and target for particle beam generating apparatus |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN109381802A true CN109381802A (en) | 2019-02-26 |
Family
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710670326.9A Pending CN109381802A (en) | 2017-08-08 | 2017-08-08 | Neutron capture treatment system and target for particle beam generating apparatus |
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| CN108934120A (en) * | 2017-05-26 | 2018-12-04 | 南京中硼联康医疗科技有限公司 | Target and neutron capture treatment system for neutron beam generating apparatus |
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| CN112933422A (en) * | 2019-12-11 | 2021-06-11 | 中硼(厦门)医疗器械有限公司 | Target material for neutron line generation device |
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| CN114225232A (en) * | 2021-09-26 | 2022-03-25 | 散裂中子源科学中心 | Beam shaping body with rotary target body |
| WO2023284772A1 (en) * | 2021-07-16 | 2023-01-19 | 中硼(厦门)医疗器械有限公司 | Target material for particle beam generation apparatus |
| US11678430B2 (en) | 2019-08-30 | 2023-06-13 | Tae Technologies, Inc. | Neutron generating target for neutron beam systems |
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| TWI813380B (en) * | 2021-07-16 | 2023-08-21 | 大陸商中硼（廈門）醫療器械有限公司 | Target material and base material for particle beam generating device |
| TWI818625B (en) * | 2021-07-16 | 2023-10-11 | 大陸商中硼（廈門）醫療器械有限公司 | Target material for particle beam generating device and processing equipment and processing method thereof |
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| CN114225232A (en) * | 2021-09-26 | 2022-03-25 | 散裂中子源科学中心 | Beam shaping body with rotary target body |
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