CN207637039U

CN207637039U - solar array voltage compensating device

Info

Publication number: CN207637039U
Application number: CN201721868485.1U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李潇潇; 郭睿; 刘莹; 鞠振河; 杨明; 韩健; 赵子青; 张帅; 冯欣; 赵音; 舒冠群; 张晓亮; 杨海峰; 马君功; 王盛强; 张东
Original assignee: Liaoning Solar Energy R & D Co Ltd
Current assignee: Liaoning Solar Energy R & D Co Ltd
Priority date: 2017-12-28
Filing date: 2017-12-28
Publication date: 2018-07-20
Anticipated expiration: 2027-12-28

Abstract

Solar array voltage compensating device belongs to solar photovoltaic technology field more particularly to a kind of solar array voltage compensating device.The utility model provides a kind of solar array voltage compensating device.The utility model includes string formation voltage sample circuit, pwm voltage compensation circuit, output switch parameter control circuit, keyboard circuit, LCD display circuit and master cpu circuit, the sampled signal output port of its structural feature string formation voltage sample circuit is connected with the sampled signal input port of master cpu circuit, the control signal output mouth of master cpu circuit respectively with the control signal input mouth of pwm voltage compensation circuit, the control signal input mouth of output switch parameter control circuit is connected, the control signal output mouth of keyboard circuit is connected with the control signal input mouth of master cpu circuit.

Description

Solar array voltage compensating device

Technical field

The utility model belongs to solar photovoltaic technology field more particularly to a kind of solar array voltage compensation dress It sets.

Background technology

The combination of solar panel is connected with diversified forms in photovoltaic array, and essence is can be improved directly by the series connection of solar panel End output voltage is flowed, DC terminal output current can be improved by the parallel connection of solar panel.In most of photovoltaic generating systems, photovoltaic Solar panel is first connected serially to high voltage, then by each string formation branch circuit parallel connection connected to export larger current.Due to photovoltaic array There is " wooden pail effect " in power generation, if wherein there is the voltage of some branch to reduce, other all branches in parallel can be caused defeated The reduction for going out voltage, to make the output power of entire array substantially reduce.The reason of causing branch voltage to reduce include mainly Two kinds：The first is randomness reason, including shadow occlusion, winter snow cover covering, the photovoltaic battery panel that peripheral obstacle generates It is internal it is hidden split etc., these situations cause the amplitude of the reduction of string formation voltage to have erratic behavior and contingency, can cause one Block or several pieces of solar panels do not generate electricity, and drag down branch voltage, and further influence the output power of entire array；Second is fixed Property reason cannot be such that the solar panel quantity of each series arm is consistent in the case where some are limited due to objective condition, Or although concatenated quantity is identical but solar panel specifications and models are different, each series connection that will cause to be connected in parallel of these reasons is propped up There is different operating voltages, the voltage of each branch can be dragged down by the branch with minimum operating voltage on road.Either which kind of Reason, which causes the voltage of series arm to reduce, can all cause each string formation in array that cannot be operated at maximum power point, directly draw Play the reduction of entire photovoltaic array power generation amount.There are mainly two types of the existing methods for preventing photovoltaic array " wooden pail effect "：（1）Pass through Increase bypass diode and blocking diode reduces the loss of power mismatch, this method larger reduction occurs in photovoltaic string formation voltage Shi Caihui works, and will lead to the multiple power peak points of the appearance of photovoltaic array, and MPPT tracking is usually made to be absorbed in part most Advantage can not make array Maximum Power Output；（2）It is solved by installing optimizer on every piece of solar panel, this method is deposited The problems such as expensive, installation complexity, high failure rate, optimizer run big energy-consuming.

Invention content

The utility model provides a kind of hardware foundation of solar array voltage compensating device aiming at the above problem.

To achieve the above object, the utility model adopts the following technical solution, and the utility model includes string formation voltage sampling Circuit, pwm voltage compensation circuit, output switch parameter control circuit, keyboard circuit, LCD display circuit and master cpu electricity Road, the sampled signal output port of structural feature string formation voltage sample circuit and the sampled signal input terminal of master cpu circuit Mouthful it is connected, the control signal output mouth of the master cpu circuit control signal input with pwm voltage compensation circuit respectively Mouth, the control signal input mouth of output switch parameter control circuit are connected, the control signal output mouth of keyboard circuit and master control The control signal input mouth of cpu circuit is connected, the signal transmission port of LCD display circuit respectively with master cpu circuit Signal transmission port, the signal transmission port of LCD liquid crystal display screen are connected；The control signal input mouth of the keyboard circuit with The control signal output mouth of keyboard is connected.

As a preferred embodiment, string formation voltage sample circuit described in the utility model is by the input of each string formation branch and defeated Go out voltage scale sampling, the analog signal sampled passes through the AD conversion inside master cpu after voltage follower circuit Module becomes digital signal；

The pwm voltage compensation circuit is boost chopper, and electricity is exported according to the duty cycle adjustment of PWM waveform Pressure, pwm signal are exported by the PWM module inside master cpu；

The output switch parameter control circuit be by master cpu I/O port export digital output modul signal, by optocoupler every From rear control intermediate relay, to control the operating mode of string formation branch.

As another preferred embodiment, the function of keyboard circuit and LCD display circuit described in the utility model is setting The control parameter of compensation device, including inspection interval time, PI adjustment parameters and voltage compensation threshold value, and it is online by LCD screen Check the historical data of the working condition and each parameter of each string formation；

The working condition of each string formation of master cpu circuit diagnostics, carries out real-time closed-loop control at the calculating for carrying out voltage compensation value System.

As another preferred embodiment, master cpu circuit described in the utility model includes system clock circuit, program download With in-circuit emulation circuit and master cpu, master cpu port respectively with system clock circuit port, program download and in-circuit emulation Circuit port is connected.

As another preferred embodiment, master cpu described in the utility model acquires string formation voltage signal, output PWM controls Signal and digital output modul signal.

As another preferred embodiment, master cpu described in the utility model uses PIC18F6520 chips U1.

As another preferred embodiment, system clock circuit described in the utility model includes capacitance C5, capacitance C6, crystal oscillator X1, The one end crystal oscillator X1 is connected with 39 feet of the one end capacitance C5, U1 respectively, the capacitance C5 other ends respectively with ground wire, the one end capacitance C6 phase Even, the capacitance C6 other ends are connected with 40 feet of the crystal oscillator X1 other ends, U1 respectively.

As another preferred embodiment, capacitance C5, C6 described in the utility model use 18pF capacitances, crystal oscillator X1 to use 20MHz/50PPM crystal oscillators.

As another preferred embodiment, it includes resistance R22, electricity that program described in the utility model, which is downloaded with in-circuit emulation circuit, R23, diode D4, capacitance C4, plug receptacle J1 are hindered, the one end resistance R22 is connected with power supply VCC, diode D4 cathodes respectively, resistance The R22 other ends are connected with the one end capacitance C4, diode D4 anodes, the one end resistance R23 respectively, capacitance C4 other ends ground connection, resistance The R23 other ends are connected with 1 foot of plug receptacle J1.

As another preferred embodiment, resistance R22 described in the utility model uses 10K Ohmic resistances, resistance R23 to use 1K Ohmic resistance, diode D4 use 1N4181 type diodes, capacitance C4 to use 0.1 μ F capacitances.

As another preferred embodiment, keyboard circuit described in the utility model includes resistance R28~R32, exclusion RA1, connects 64~60 feet of 1~5 foot of socket J2, plug receptacle J2 respectively with 2~6 feet of exclusion RA1, U1 are correspondingly connected with, and the 6 of plug receptacle J2 Foot is connected by resistance R28 with 16 feet of U1, and 7 feet of plug receptacle J2 are connected by resistance R29 with 15 feet of U1, plug receptacle J2's 8 feet are connected by resistance R30 with 14 feet of U1, and 9 feet of plug receptacle J2 are connected by resistance R31 with 13 feet of U1, plug receptacle J2 10 feet be connected with 12 feet of U1 by resistance R32,1 foot of exclusion RA1 is connected with power supply VCC.

As another preferred embodiment, resistance R28~R32 described in the utility model uses 20 Ohmic resistances, exclusion RA1 to adopt With 1K*5 exclusions.

As another preferred embodiment, LCD display circuit described in the utility model includes resistance R24~R27, NPN tri- 12~18 feet of pole pipe Q4, LM24064DFC chip J3, J3 are corresponding with 55~49 feet of U1 respectively to be connected, 19 feet of J3 and U1's 33 feet be connected, 20 feet of J3 are connected with 4 feet of the one end resistance R26, J3 respectively by resistance R27, the resistance R26 other ends respectively with 3 feet of power supply VCC, J3 are connected；

21 feet of J3 are connected with the emitter of NPN triode Q4, the collector of NPN triode Q4 respectively with power supply VCC, electricity It hinders the one end R24 to be connected, the resistance R24 other ends are connected with 36 feet of the one end resistance R25, U1 respectively, the resistance R25 other ends and NPN The base stage of triode Q4 is connected；

22,1,2 feet of J3 are grounded, and 11 feet of J3 are connected with 58 feet of U1, and 10 feet of J3 are connected with 30 feet of U1, and the 8 of J3 ~5 feet are correspondingly connected with 32,31,34,35 feet of U1 respectively.

As another preferred embodiment, resistance R24, R25 described in the utility model use 820 Ohmic resistances, resistance R26 to adopt With 51K Ohmic resistances, resistance R27 uses 6K Ohmic resistances, NPN triode Q4 to use 9014 type triodes.

As another preferred embodiment, keyboard described in the utility model uses 5 × 5 keyboard.

As another preferred embodiment, LCD liquid crystal display screen described in the utility model uses the LCD liquid of 240 × 64 pixels Crystal display screen.

As another preferred embodiment, boost chopper described in the utility model includes inductance L1~L3, diode D1 ~D3, resistance R1~R6, field-effect tube Q1~Q3, capacitance C1~C3, TLP250F chips U3~U5；

3 feet of U1 are connected by resistance R1 with 2 feet of U3, the 3 feet ground connection of U3, and 8 feet of U3 connect the 6 feet difference of power supply V, U3 It is connected with 7 feet of U3, the one end resistance R2, the resistance R2 other ends are connected with the grid of field-effect tube Q1, the source electrode of field-effect tube Q1 Be connected respectively with the ends AGND, the one end capacitance C1, the capacitance C1 other ends respectively with the ends Uo1, the cathode of diode D1, relay K1 Normal open switch one end is connected, and the normal open switch other end of relay K1 is connected with the ends Ui1, the one end inductance L1 respectively, and inductance L1 is another One end is connected with the drain electrode of the anode of diode D1, field-effect tube Q1 respectively；

6 feet of U1 are connected by resistance R3 with 2 feet of U4, the 3 feet ground connection of U4, and 8 feet of U4 connect the 6 feet difference of power supply V, U4 It is connected with 7 feet of U4, the one end resistance R4, the resistance R4 other ends are connected with the grid of field-effect tube Q2, the source electrode of field-effect tube Q2 Be connected respectively with the ends AGND, the one end capacitance C2, the capacitance C2 other ends respectively with the ends Uo2, the cathode of diode D2, relay K2 Normal open switch one end is connected, and the normal open switch other end of relay K2 is connected with the ends Ui2, the one end inductance L2 respectively, and inductance L2 is another One end is connected with the drain electrode of the anode of diode D2, field-effect tube Q2 respectively；

8 feet of U1 are connected by resistance R5 with 2 feet of U5, the 3 feet ground connection of U5, and 8 feet of U5 connect the 6 feet difference of power supply V, U5 It is connected with 7 feet of U5, the one end resistance R6, the resistance R6 other ends are connected with the grid of field-effect tube Q3, the source electrode of field-effect tube Q3 Be connected respectively with the ends AGND, the one end capacitance C3, the capacitance C3 other ends respectively with the ends Uo3, the cathode of diode D3, relay K3 Normal open switch one end is connected, and the normal open switch other end of relay K3 is connected with the ends Ui3, the one end inductance L3 respectively, and inductance L3 is another One end is connected with the drain electrode of the anode of diode D3, field-effect tube Q3 respectively.

As another preferred embodiment, inductance L1~L3 described in the utility model uses 330 μ H inductance, diode D1~D3 Using MUR30100 diodes, resistance R1, R3, R5 use 300 Ohmic resistances, resistance R2, R4, R6 to use 1K Ohmic resistances, field Effect pipe Q1~Q3 uses KIA12N60H type field-effect tube, capacitance C1~C3 to use 33 μ F capacitances.

As another preferred embodiment, output switch parameter control circuit described in the utility model includes TLP521-4 chips U2, relay K1~K3,46,47,48 feet of resistance R7~R9, U1 are corresponding with 6,4,2 feet of U2 connected respectively, and 1 foot of U2 is logical It crosses resistance R7 with power supply VCC to be connected, 3 feet of U2 are connected by resistance R8 with power supply VCC, and 5 feet of U2 pass through resistance R9 and power supply VCC is connected；

16,14,12 feet of U2 are connected with power supply V, 15,13,11 feet of U2 respectively with relay K1 control terminals one end, after Electric appliance K2 control terminals one end, relay K3 control terminals one end are connected, and the relay K1 control terminals other end, relay K2 control terminals are another One end, another ends termination AGND of relay K3 control terminals.

As another preferred embodiment, relay K1~K3 described in the utility model uses HFE18V-20 type relays, electricity It hinders R7~R9 and uses 300 Ohmic resistances.

As another preferred embodiment, string formation voltage sample circuit described in the utility model include resistance R10~R21, AD8541 chip CA1~CA6, the one end resistance R10 are connected with the ends Ui1, the resistance R10 other ends respectively with the one end resistance R11, CA1 3 feet be connected, another ends termination AGND resistance R11 are connected, and 2 feet of CA1 are connected with 24 feet of 6 feet of CA1, U1 respectively；

The one end resistance R14 is connected with the ends Ui2, and the resistance R14 other ends are connected with 3 feet of the one end resistance R15, CA3 respectively, electricity It hinders another ends termination AGND R15 to be connected, 2 feet of CA3 are connected with 22 feet of 6 feet of CA3, U1 respectively；

The one end resistance R18 is connected with the ends Ui3, and the resistance R18 other ends are connected with 3 feet of the one end resistance R19, CA5 respectively, electricity It hinders another ends termination AGND R19 to be connected, 2 feet of CA5 are connected with 18 feet of 6 feet of CA5, U1 respectively；

The one end resistance R12 is connected with the ends Uo1, and the resistance R12 other ends are connected with 3 feet of the one end resistance R13, CA2 respectively, electricity It hinders another ends termination AGND R13 to be connected, 2 feet of CA2 are connected with 23 feet of 6 feet of CA2, U1 respectively；

The one end resistance R16 is connected with the ends Uo2, and the resistance R16 other ends are connected with 3 feet of the one end resistance R17, CA4 respectively, electricity It hinders another ends termination AGND R17 to be connected, 2 feet of CA4 are connected with 21 feet of 6 feet of CA4, U1 respectively；

The one end resistance R20 is connected with the ends Uo3, and the resistance R20 other ends are connected with 3 feet of the one end resistance R21, CA6 respectively, electricity It hinders another ends termination AGND R21 to be connected, 2 feet of CA6 are connected with 17 feet of 6 feet of CA6, U1 respectively.

Secondly, resistance R10, R14, R18, R12, R16, R20 described in the utility model use 200K Ohmic resistances, resistance R11, R15, R19, R13, R17, R21 use 1K Ohmic resistances.

In addition, the utility model start to work when, first use keyboard to set up system initial parameter, including inspection interval time, PI adjustment parameters, voltage compensation threshold value U_th1、U_th2, it is closed K1, opens K2~Kn, at this moment only first via photovoltaic string formation output work Rate acquires the voltage value U of first via string formation_i1；Voltage value U when each branch works independently is acquired successively_i1~U_in, choose wherein Maximum value is as reference point U_pref；By the voltage value U of each string formation branch_iWith U_prefIt is compared, for meeting（U_pref—U_i）< U_th1Branch be closed corresponding intermediate relay Ki, so that voltage compensating circuit is not worked, reduce power attenuation；For not meeting （U_pref—U_i）<U_th1Branch open corresponding intermediate relay Ki, start voltage compensating function, by the voltage of the string formation branch U_iWith U_prefIt is compared, with U_prefTarget carries out PI adjustings in order to control, and it is α that the regulated quantity obtained more afterwards, which is changed into duty ratio, PWM square-wave signal driving FET Qi, make U_oIt is promoted to U_pref；Acquire U_out, calculate U_prefWith U_outDifference；If poor Value is more than U_th2, then it represents that still there is branch to need offset voltage, returns to program beginning and re-execute；If difference is less than U_th2, It then indicates that each branch voltage of array has been restored to normal condition, into timing inspection state, detects U at regular intervals_pref With U_outDifference whether be more than threshold value U_th2, if it is greater than threshold value U_th2It then repeats the above steps and carries out voltage compensation.

The utility model advantageous effect.

The utility model includes string formation voltage sample circuit, pwm voltage compensation circuit, output switch parameter control electricity Road, keyboard circuit, LCD display circuit and master cpu circuit can detect photovoltaic array in real time by string formation voltage sample circuit The working condition of each string formation, the photovoltaic that voltage can be reduced by pwm voltage compensation circuit, output switch parameter control circuit String formation carries out voltage compensation, and each string formation voltage is maintained at normal condition, avoids the generation of " wooden pail effect ".

It is the utility model simple installation, low cost, safe and reliable.

When the utility model is used, the utility model compensation device, system knot are sealed in the branch of conventional photovoltaic array Structure is simple, has preferable applicability for connection in series-parallel photovoltaic array.Compensation device is at low cost, has to the operation of photovoltaic system Larger practical value.

Description of the drawings

The utility model is described further with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.Scope of protection of the utility model It is not only limited to the statement of the following contents.

Fig. 1 is the schematic block circuit diagram of the utility model；

Fig. 2 is the connection diagram of the utility model and photovoltaic array；

Fig. 3-1,3-2 are the physical circuit schematic diagram a of the utility model；

Fig. 4-1,4-2 are the physical circuit schematic diagram b of the utility model；

Fig. 5 is the intelligent voltage compensation principle figure of the utility model；

Fig. 6 is the control program flow chart of the utility model.

Specific implementation mode

As shown, the utility model includes that string formation voltage sample circuit, pwm voltage compensation circuit, switching value are defeated Go out control circuit, keyboard circuit, LCD display circuit and master cpu circuit, the sampled signal output of string formation voltage sample circuit Port is connected with the sampled signal input port of master cpu circuit, the control signal output mouth of master cpu circuit respectively with The control signal input mouth of pwm voltage compensation circuit, the control signal input mouth phase of output switch parameter control circuit Even, the control signal output mouth of keyboard circuit is connected with the control signal input mouth of master cpu circuit, LCD display electricity The signal transmission port on road respectively with the signal transmission port of master cpu circuit, the signal transmission port phase of LCD liquid crystal display screen Even；The control signal input mouth of the keyboard circuit is connected with the control signal output mouth of keyboard.

The string formation voltage sample circuit outputs and inputs voltage scale sampling by each string formation branch, samples Analog signal becomes digital signal after voltage follower circuit by the AD conversion module inside master cpu；

The output switch parameter control circuit be by master cpu I/O port export digital output modul signal, by optocoupler every From rear control intermediate relay, to control the operating mode of string formation branch；

The function of the keyboard circuit and LCD display circuit is used to be arranged the control parameter of compensation device, including inspection Interval time, PI adjustment parameters and voltage compensation threshold value, and check the working condition of each string formation and each parameter online by LCD screen Historical data；

The utility model compensation device can make photovoltaic array be constantly in maximum power output state, array will not be made to export Multiple power peak points are generated, do not influence tracking performance of the rear end to maximum power point.

Voltage mismatch situation is detected using timing method for inspecting；By judging string formation voltage drop-out value whether beyond setting threshold Value determines whether to start voltage compensating function；By the output switch parameter control circuit, to not needing the branch of pressure regulation Do not start voltage compensating function, to reduce power consumption..

The master cpu circuit includes system clock circuit, program is downloaded and in-circuit emulation circuit and master cpu, master control Cpu port is downloaded with system clock circuit port, program respectively to be connected with in-circuit emulation circuit port.

The master cpu acquires string formation voltage signal, exports pwm control signal and digital output modul signal.

The master cpu uses PIC18F6520 chips U1.PIC18F6520 chips acquire string formation voltage signal, output Pwm control signal and digital output modul signal.The utility model carries out signal acquisition, data using PIC18F6520 as CPU Processing and real-time control, the internal hardware resources of the chip can at most meet the intelligent voltage compensation to 6 tunnel string formations, if necessary Voltage compensation is carried out to more multichannel photovoltaic string formation simultaneously, it can be by increasing peripheral circuit or selecting the more cores of internal hardware resources Piece.

The system clock circuit includes capacitance C5, capacitance C6, crystal oscillator X1, the one end crystal oscillator X1 respectively with the one end capacitance C5, U1 39 feet be connected, the capacitance C5 other ends are connected with ground wire, the one end capacitance C6 respectively, and the capacitance C6 other ends are another with crystal oscillator X1 respectively End, 40 feet of U1 are connected.

Described capacitance C5, C6 use 18pF capacitances, crystal oscillator X1 to use 20MHz/50PPM crystal oscillators.

It includes resistance R22, resistance R23, diode D4, capacitance C4, plug receptacle that described program, which is downloaded with in-circuit emulation circuit, The one end J1, resistance R22 is connected with power supply VCC, diode D4 cathodes respectively, the resistance R22 other ends respectively with the one end capacitance C4, two Pole pipe D4 anodes, the one end resistance R23 are connected, and capacitance C4 other ends ground connection, the resistance R23 other ends are connected with 1 foot of plug receptacle J1.

The resistance R22 uses 10K Ohmic resistances, resistance R23 that 1K Ohmic resistances, diode D4 is used to use 1N4181 types Diode, capacitance C4 use 0.1 μ F capacitances.

The keyboard circuit includes resistance R28~R32, exclusion RA1, plug receptacle J2,1~5 foot of plug receptacle J2 respectively with 2~6 feet of exclusion RA1,64~60 feet of U1 are correspondingly connected with, and 6 feet of plug receptacle J2 are connected by resistance R28 with 16 feet of U1, 7 feet of plug receptacle J2 are connected by resistance R29 with 15 feet of U1, the 14 foot phases that 8 feet of plug receptacle J2 pass through resistance R30 and U1 Even, 9 feet of plug receptacle J2 are connected by resistance R31 with 13 feet of U1,12 feet that 10 feet of plug receptacle J2 pass through resistance R32 and U1 It is connected, 1 foot of exclusion RA1 is connected with power supply VCC.The keyboard that keyboard circuit passes through plug receptacle J2 connections 5 × 5.Resistance R28~ R32 plays button stabilization function.

Resistance R28~the R32 uses 20 Ohmic resistances, exclusion RA1 to use 1K*5 exclusions.

The LCD display circuit include resistance R24~R27, NPN triode Q4, LM24064DFC chip J3, J3 12 ~18 feet are corresponding with 55~49 feet of U1 respectively to be connected, and 19 feet of J3 are connected with 33 feet of U1, and 20 feet of J3 pass through resistance R27 points It is not connected with 4 feet of the one end resistance R26, J3, the resistance R26 other ends are connected with 3 feet of power supply VCC, J3 respectively；

22,1,2 feet of J3 are grounded, and 11 feet of J3 are connected with 58 feet of U1, and 10 feet of J3 are connected with 30 feet of U1, and the 8 of J3 ~5 feet are correspondingly connected with 32,31,34,35 feet of U1 respectively.Pass through the LCD liquid crystal displays of 240 × 64 pixel of plug receptacle J3 connections Screen.

Described resistance R24, R25 use 820 Ohmic resistances, resistance R26 that 51K Ohmic resistances, resistance R27 is used to use the Europe 6K Nurse resistance, NPN triode Q4 use 9014 type triodes.

The keyboard uses 5 × 5 keyboard.

The LCD liquid crystal display screen uses the LCD liquid crystal display screen of 240 × 64 pixels.

The boost chopper include inductance L1~L3, diode D1~D3, resistance R1~R6, field-effect tube Q1~ Q3, capacitance C1~C3, TLP250F chips U3~U5；

The dominant loss of the utility model compensation device circuit is the switching losses of switching tube, the output work with photovoltaic array Rate can be ignored compared to very small.

L1~L3, D1~D3, R1~R6, Q1~Q3, C1~C3, U3~U5 constitute three road boost choppers, by The PWM generator for including inside PIC18F6520 exports the independent PWM square-wave signals in three tunnels by 3,6,8 three pins, to Tri- road boost choppers of Dui Zhe are independently controlled.

Inductance L1~the L3 use 330 μ H inductance, diode D1~D3 use MUR30100 diodes, resistance R1, R3, R5 uses 300 Ohmic resistances, resistance R2, R4, R6 that 1K Ohmic resistances, field-effect tube Q1~Q3 is used to use KIA12N60H types field Effect pipe, capacitance C1~C3 use 33 μ F capacitances.

The output switch parameter control circuit includes TLP521-4 chips U2, relay K1~K3, resistance R7~R9, U1's 46,47,48 feet are corresponding with 6,4,2 feet of U2 respectively is connected, and 1 foot of U2 is connected by resistance R7 with power supply VCC, and 3 feet of U2 are logical It crosses resistance R8 with power supply VCC to be connected, 5 feet of U2 are connected by resistance R9 with power supply VCC；

Optocoupler is driven by the switching value of the 46 of PIC18F6520,47,48 3 pin outputs, to control K1~K3 tri- Intermediate relay.

Relay K1~the K3 uses HFE18V-20 type relays, resistance R7~R9 to use 300 Ohmic resistances.

The string formation voltage sample circuit includes resistance R10~R21, AD8541 chip CA1~CA6, the one end resistance R10 with The ends Ui1 are connected, and the resistance R10 other ends are connected with 3 feet of the one end resistance R11, CA1 respectively, another ends termination AGND phases of resistance R11 Even, 2 feet of CA1 are connected with 24 feet of 6 feet of CA1, U1 respectively；

R10~R21, CA1~CA6 constitute six road voltage sample circuits, acquire the input terminal electricity of three road photovoltaic string formations respectively Press U_iWith the output voltage U after voltage compensating circuit_o, voltage signal is defeated by 17,18 and 21~24 pins of PIC18F6520 The AD conversion module entered to CPU carries out analog-to-digital conversion.

Described resistance R10, R14, R18, R12, R16, R20 use 200K Ohmic resistances, resistance R11, R15, R19, R13, R17, R21 use 1K Ohmic resistances.

As shown in Fig. 5~6, when the utility model is started to work, keyboard to set up system initial parameter is first used, including between inspection Every the time（When control wherein compensates all the way, CPU does not receive the detection signal on other roads, and device power saving, low energy consumption）, PI adjust Parameter, voltage compensation threshold value U_th1、U_th2, it is closed K1, K2~Kn is opened, at this moment only first via photovoltaic string formation output power, adopts Collect the voltage value U of first via string formation_i1；Acquire voltage value U when each branch works independently successively in the method_i1~U_in, choose Wherein maximum value is as reference point U_pref；By the voltage value U of each string formation branch_iWith U_prefIt is compared, for meeting（U_pref— U_i）<U_th1Branch be closed corresponding intermediate relay Ki, so that voltage compensating circuit is not worked, reduce power attenuation；For not Meet（U_pref—U_i）<U_th1Branch open corresponding intermediate relay Ki, start voltage compensating function, by the string formation branch Voltage U_iWith U_prefIt is compared, with U_prefTarget carries out PI adjustings in order to control, and the regulated quantity obtained more afterwards is changed into duty ratio For the PWM square-wave signal driving FET Qi of α, make U_oIt is promoted to U_pref；Acquire U_out, calculate U_prefWith U_outDifference；If Difference is more than U_th2, then it represents that still there is branch to need offset voltage, returns to program beginning and re-execute；If difference is less than U_th2, then it represents that each branch voltage of array has been restored to normal condition, into timing inspection state, detects at regular intervals U_prefWith U_outDifference whether be more than threshold value U_th2, if it is greater than threshold value U_th2It then repeats the above steps and carries out voltage compensation.

When the utility model is used, it is only necessary to which the utility model compensation device is concatenated into photovoltaic string formation and next stage equipment Between, the output end of each string formation accesses the ends the utility model compensation device Ui1, the ends Ui2, the ends Ui3.The output of compensation device Hold the ends Uout（The ends Uo1, the ends Uo2, the ends Uo3）It is that voltage compensation is carried out to each string formation for the photovoltaic array output end after confluence Afterwards and the obtained gross output of photovoltaic array that converges, photovoltaic combining inverter, off-network inverter, charge and discharge control can be connected Device etc.（Such as Fig. 2）.

It is understood that above with respect to the specific descriptions of the utility model, it is merely to illustrate the utility model and is not It is limited to technical solution described in the utility model embodiment, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that, it still can be with It modifies to the utility model or equivalent replacement, to reach identical technique effect；Needs are used as long as meeting, all in this reality Within novel protection domain.

Claims

1. solar array voltage compensating device, including string formation voltage sample circuit, pwm voltage compensation circuit, switching value Output control circuit, keyboard circuit, LCD display circuit and master cpu circuit, it is characterised in that string formation voltage sample circuit Sampled signal output port is connected with the sampled signal input port of master cpu circuit, the control signal output of master cpu circuit Port respectively with the control signal input mouth of pwm voltage compensation circuit, the control signal of output switch parameter control circuit Input port is connected, and the control signal output mouth of keyboard circuit is connected with the control signal input mouth of master cpu circuit, The signal transmission port of the LCD display circuit letter with the signal transmission port of master cpu circuit, LCD liquid crystal display screen respectively Number transmission port is connected；The control signal input mouth of the keyboard circuit is connected with the control signal output mouth of keyboard；

The master cpu circuit includes system clock circuit, program is downloaded and in-circuit emulation circuit and master cpu, master cpu end Mouth is downloaded with system clock circuit port, program respectively to be connected with in-circuit emulation circuit port；

The master cpu uses PIC18F6520 chips U1；

The system clock circuit includes capacitance C5, capacitance C6, crystal oscillator X1, the one end crystal oscillator X1 respectively with the one end capacitance C5, U1 39 Foot be connected, the capacitance C5 other ends are connected with ground wire, the one end capacitance C6 respectively, the capacitance C6 other ends respectively with the crystal oscillator X1 other ends, 40 feet of U1 are connected；

It includes resistance R22, resistance R23, diode D4, capacitance C4, plug receptacle J1, electricity that described program, which is downloaded with in-circuit emulation circuit, Resistance R22 one end is connected with power supply VCC, diode D4 cathodes respectively, the resistance R22 other ends respectively with the one end capacitance C4, diode D4 anodes, the one end resistance R23 are connected, and capacitance C4 other ends ground connection, the resistance R23 other ends are connected with 1 foot of plug receptacle J1；

The keyboard circuit includes resistance R28~R32, exclusion RA1, plug receptacle J2,1~5 foot of plug receptacle J2 respectively with exclusion 2~6 feet of RA1,64~60 feet of U1 are correspondingly connected with, and 6 feet of plug receptacle J2 are connected by resistance R28 with 16 feet of U1, are patched 7 feet of mouth J2 are connected by resistance R29 with 15 feet of U1, and 8 feet of plug receptacle J2 are connected by resistance R30 with 14 feet of U1, are connect 9 feet of socket J2 are connected by resistance R31 with 13 feet of U1, and 10 feet of plug receptacle J2 are connected by resistance R32 with 12 feet of U1, 1 foot of exclusion RA1 is connected with power supply VCC.

2. solar array voltage compensating device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described capacitance C5, C6 use 18pF Capacitance, crystal oscillator X1 use 20MHz/50PPM crystal oscillators.

3. solar array voltage compensating device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the resistance R22 uses the Europe 10K Nurse resistance, resistance R23 use 1K Ohmic resistances, diode D4 that 1N4181 type diodes, capacitance C4 is used to use 0.1 μ F capacitances.

4. solar array voltage compensating device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the string formation voltage sample circuit Including resistance R10~R21, AD8541 chip CA1~CA6, the one end resistance R10 is connected with the ends Ui1, resistance R10 other ends difference Be connected with 3 feet of the one end resistance R11, CA1, another ends termination AGND resistance R11 are connected, 2 feet of CA1 respectively with 6 feet of CA1, 24 feet of U1 are connected；

The one end resistance R14 is connected with the ends Ui2, and the resistance R14 other ends are connected with 3 feet of the one end resistance R15, CA3 respectively, resistance Another ends termination AGND R15 are connected, and 2 feet of CA3 are connected with 22 feet of 6 feet of CA3, U1 respectively；

The one end resistance R18 is connected with the ends Ui3, and the resistance R18 other ends are connected with 3 feet of the one end resistance R19, CA5 respectively, resistance Another ends termination AGND R19 are connected, and 2 feet of CA5 are connected with 18 feet of 6 feet of CA5, U1 respectively；

The one end resistance R12 is connected with the ends Uo1, and the resistance R12 other ends are connected with 3 feet of the one end resistance R13, CA2 respectively, resistance Another ends termination AGND R13 are connected, and 2 feet of CA2 are connected with 23 feet of 6 feet of CA2, U1 respectively；

The one end resistance R16 is connected with the ends Uo2, and the resistance R16 other ends are connected with 3 feet of the one end resistance R17, CA4 respectively, resistance Another ends termination AGND R17 are connected, and 2 feet of CA4 are connected with 21 feet of 6 feet of CA4, U1 respectively；

The one end resistance R20 is connected with the ends Uo3, and the resistance R20 other ends are connected with 3 feet of the one end resistance R21, CA6 respectively, resistance Another ends termination AGND R21 are connected, and 2 feet of CA6 are connected with 17 feet of 6 feet of CA6, U1 respectively.