CN207586089U - A kind of viscous crude starting pressure gradient and percolation law measuring device - Google Patents
A kind of viscous crude starting pressure gradient and percolation law measuring device Download PDFInfo
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- CN207586089U CN207586089U CN201721425204.5U CN201721425204U CN207586089U CN 207586089 U CN207586089 U CN 207586089U CN 201721425204 U CN201721425204 U CN 201721425204U CN 207586089 U CN207586089 U CN 207586089U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a kind of viscous crude starting pressure gradient and percolation law measuring device and method, described device includes constant-flux pump, pipeline one, pipeline two, core holding unit, confining pressure pump and its connecting pipeline, the utility model is before core holding unit entrance and behind outlet respectively using oil column pipe, water column pipe and liquid column pipe, and increase the switch valve between oil/water column tube and corresponding accurate pressure gauge；The oil/water column tube of inlet can accurately measure the pressure of inlet；The liquid column pipe in exit can provide the back pressure of superatmospheric, and then prevent delay of the gas in porous media；Switch valve between oil/water column tube and accurate pressure gauge can need to carry out single-phase online real-time switching between oil-water two-phase flow and between device for pressure measurement according to experiment, it avoids crossing multioperation in experimentation, it reduces even elimination gas and enters the probability of test system, and effectively reduce experiment required time.
Description
Technical field
The utility model is related to thickened oil recovery fields more particularly to viscous crude starting pressure gradient and percolation law to measure neck
Domain.
Background technology
Conventional crude resource is constantly reduced with the progress of exploitation, and global crude oil demand but increasingly increases, in this form
Under, viscous crude has obtained the highest attention of researchers with its abundant oil in place.Compared to conventional crude, viscous crude contains higher
The high molecular components such as asphalitine, colloid, show non linear fluid flow through porous medium.Starting pressure gradient is one of its feature, only works as drive
When being more than starting pressure gradient for barometric gradient, viscous crude just starts to flow.Viscous crude starting pressure gradient and non linear fluid flow through porous medium pair
Well spacing determines, remaining oil distribution and recovery ratio suffer from great influence.Many researchers have carried out numerous studies in this respect,
But there is some shortcomings in terms of viscous crude starting pressure gradient and non linear fluid flow through porous medium is measured：1. measuring viscous crude starts pressure
Gradient device is all not concerned with exit back pressure processing, and accuracy is not high；Directly connection is big at part Experiment device crude exports
Gas, back pressure is equal with external pressure, may generate gas in this way and be detained in porous media, so as to influence measurement result；
Also part Experiment increases counterbalance valve in exit, can prevent delay of the gas in porous media, but the back pressure of its offer
Measure pressure limit considerably beyond laboratory U types pipe or liquid column pipe, therefore, can only be selected in inlet precision pressure gauge or
Person's high-precision pressure sensor measures inlet pressure, and then viscous crude starting pressure gradient is obtained by calculation, however, our institutes
The viscous crude starting pressure gradient of measurement is smaller, at present the common pressure gauge in laboratory or pressure sensor, even precisely
Pressure gauge or high-precision pressure sensor, their measurement error can also be far longer than viscous crude starting pressure gradient, cause to survey
Amount is inaccurate.2. operation is relatively complicated, the more time is needed.Carrying out viscous crude starting pressure gradient and percolation law measurement
When, majority is carried out separately；It is after viscous crude starting pressure gradient has been measured in a set of experimental provision, then another set of
Viscous crude percolation law measurement is carried out in device, increases experimental period；It is to be completed in same set of experiment, since viscous crude oozes
Stream rule measurement process in pressure be higher than laboratory U-tube either liquid column pipe measure pressure limit therebetween directly use or
It replaces U-tube/liquid column pipe to measure pressure using precision pressure gauge or high-precision pressure sensor, can inevitably cause
Gas enters, and experiment is discontinuous, while will also result in experimental period increase.
Such as the Chinese patent application No. is CN201420005418.7, disclose a kind of pressure gradient test
Experimental provision, including core holding unit, confining pressure device, the permanent liquid case of variable height, precision electronic balance, capillary with a scale,
Six logical, tapered beakers, precision pressure gauge, constant flow pump.By principle in parallel, the seepage flow that can be carried out at the same time multiple rock cores starts
Barometric gradient is tested.Low voltage difference flow seepage flow number of stages strong point is accurately acquired using the permanent liquid case of variable height, utilizes constant flow
Pump accurately acquires larger differential pressure flow seepage flow number of stages strong point, and differential pressure flow relationship song is accurately acquired using capillary with a scale
The starting point of line.The patent can be used for measuring rock core pressure gradient, but the experimental provision port of export is atmospheric pressure, is existed
The defects of gas is detained in porous media, so as to influence measurement result.
Utility model content
In order to overcome the problems, such as that accuracy caused by gas is detained in the prior art is not high and experimental implementation is cumbersome time-consuming,
The utility model provides a kind of device that is accurate, efficiently measuring viscous crude starting pressure gradient and percolation law.
Technical solution is used by the utility model solves aforementioned technical problem：A kind of viscous crude starting pressure gradient and
Percolation law measuring device, including constant-flux pump, core holding unit, confining pressure pump and its connection pipeline, in core holding unit arrival end
Two parallel pipelines are set before, and pipeline one is using viscous crude as displacing medium, and pipeline two is using water flooding as displacing medium；
Pipeline one includes the first constant-flux pump, valve A, surge tank, valve B, oil tank, valve C, the first accurate pressure gauge, valve
Door D, valve E, oil column pipe, valve F；The first constant-flux pump export pipeline is connect by valve A with surge tank upper entrance, is delayed
It rushes tank lower part outlet pipeline to connect with tank bottom entrance by valve B, the viscous crude in oil tank is driven in into oil tank top and is entered
First accurate pressure gauge pressure measurement branch in parallel or oil column pipe pressure measurement branch；It is set in the first accurate pressure gauge pressure measurement branch
The valve C being connected with the first accurate pressure gauge pedestal entrance and valve D being connected with the first accurate pressure gauge pan outlet；It is described
The valve E being connected with oil column tube bottom seat entrance and the valve being connected with oil column pipe pan outlet are set in oil column pipe pressure measurement branch
F；The first accurate pressure gauge pressure measurement branch and oil column pipe pressure measurement branch are intersected in core holding unit arrival end；
Pipeline two includes the second constant-flux pump, valve G, water pot, valve H, water column pipe, valve I, valve J, the second accurate pressure
Table, valve K；The second constant-flux pump export pipeline is connect by valve G with water pot lower entrances, by the water flooding on water pot top
Drive in the second accurate pressure gauge pressure measurement branch in parallel or water column pipe pressure measurement branch；In the second accurate pressure gauge pressure measurement branch
The valve J being connected with the second accurate pressure gauge pedestal entrance and valve K being connected with the second accurate pressure gauge pan outlet is set；
The valve H that is connected with water column tube bottom seat entrance in the water column pipe pressure measurement branch is set and is connected with water oil column pipe pan outlet
Valve I；The second accurate pressure gauge pressure measurement branch and water column pipe pressure measurement branch are intersected in core holding unit arrival end.
Preferably, the core holding unit has clamper arrival end, the clamper port of export and confining pressure inlet port,
For being packed into rock core sample.
Any of the above-described scheme is preferably, and the confining pressure pump is communicated with the confining pressure inlet port, is used for the rock core
Sample applies confining pressure with simulated formation environment.
Any of the above-described scheme is preferably, and the confining pressure pump passes through the accurate pressure gauge of valve M connections third, the third essence
Quasi- pressure gauge is used to monitor the confining pressure in experimentation.
Any of the above-described scheme is preferably, and the clamper port of export is communicated to liquid column pipe pedestal by valve L, with fluid column
Pipe communicates；Liquid column pipe upper end connection rubber tube, the rubber tube extend at graduated cylinder and lead the liquid overflowed in liquid column pipe
Enter graduated cylinder.
Any of the above-described scheme is preferably, and further includes insulating box, ranging from 20~150 DEG C of the insulating box temperature control.
Any of the above-described scheme is preferably, and liquor charging medium is water in the constant-flux pump, is 0.0001ml/min including precision
Low discharge constant-flux pump, stable flow velocity is provided for experimental provision.
Any of the above-described scheme is preferably, and is the water from constant-flux pump inside the surge tank, and the surge tank is used to delay
The displacement pressure between constant-flux pump and oil tank is rushed, fluctuation is reduced, enables pressure smooth transfer.
Any of the above-described scheme is preferably, and setting piston inside the oil tank, piston lower portion is the water in surge tank,
Upper piston area is viscous crude oil sample.
Any of the above-described scheme is preferably, and setting piston inside the water pot, piston lower portion is the water from constant-flux pump, living
The simulated formation water that portion is configured for viscous crude field scene water flooding water sample or laboratory beyond the Great Wall, the simulated formation water with it is thick
Oily Oil Field water-mineralizing degree is close.
Any of the above-described scheme is preferably, and the oil column pipe is the capillary of glass material, the oil column pipe lower end connection
Oil column tube bottom seat, multiple-way valve of the pedestal for internal connection, the oil column pipe height is 20~50cm, has scale on oil column pipe
Or without scale, the oil column intraluminal fluid pillar height degree can pass through vernier caliper measurement.The oil column pipe height is selected according to requirement of experiment
It selects, the experiment condition that viscosity of thickened oil is higher, core permeability is lower, porosity is smaller, the tubing string height of selection is higher, preferably
Oil column pipe height be 40cm.
Any of the above-described scheme is preferably, and the water column pipe is the capillary of glass material, the water column pipe lower end connection
Water column tube bottom seat, multiple-way valve of the pedestal for internal connection, the water column pipe height is 20~50cm, has scale on water column pipe
Or without scale, the water column intraluminal fluid pillar height degree can pass through vernier caliper measurement.The water column pipe height is selected according to requirement of experiment
It selects, the experiment condition that core permeability is lower, porosity is smaller, the water pipe pillar height degree of selection is higher, preferred water column pipe height
For 40cm.
Any of the above-described scheme is preferably, and the liquid column pipe is the capillary of glass material, the liquid column pipe lower end connection
Liquid column pipe pedestal, multiple-way valve of the pedestal for internal connection, the liquid column pipe height are 5~20cm, height to be less than oil/
Water pipe pillar height degree, it is however generally that, the height of liquid column pipe will be less than oil/water tubing string 15-40cm, and specific height can be according to experiment demand
Determine there is scale on liquid column pipe or without scale, liquid-column height passes through vernier caliper measurement in the liquid column pipe.The liquid column pipe is high
Degree is selected according to requirement of experiment, and preferred liquid column pipe height is 10cm.
Any of the above-described scheme is preferably, the first accurate pressure gauge, the second accurate pressure gauge, the accurate pressure gauge of third
Pressure measurement range minimum is 0.008MPa.
Viscous crude starting pressure gradient measurement is carried out using the device of the utility model, is included the following steps：
1. rock core is put into core holding unit after saturation viscous crude processing is carried out to experiment rock core, the viscous crude is started and is pressed
Power gradient and percolation law measuring device connect, and whole device is emptied, and full of corresponding fluids in each pipeline, prevent
Air enters in experimental provision, influences experiment and measures；It is entire except constant-flux pump, confining pressure pump, the accurate pressure gauge of third by removing
Experimental provision is placed in insulating box, and calorstat temperature is set as heavy crude reservoir temperature, is carried out in insulating box after standing 24 hours
Subsequent step；
2. closing valve E, valve F, valve G, valve H, valve I, valve J, valve K, valve A, valve B, valve are opened
C, valve D, valve L, valve M, setting confining pressure are pumped confining pressure, open the first constant-flux pump, carried out with the flow velocity of 0.2~0.5mL/min
Displacement, displacement at least 1 times of rock pore volume, when in graduated cylinder amount of liquid be more than 1 times of rock core volume after stop displacement, with again really
There is no gas in the system protected after heated at constant temperature；
3. closing valve L, the viscous crude in liquid column pipe is highly down to 1~2cm by the viscous crude in extraction section liquid column pipe；
4. opening valve L, start the first constant-flux pump, displacement is carried out with the flow velocity of 0.02~0.05mL/min, in liquid column pipe
Viscous crude when highly reaching 4~6cm, close the first constant-flux pump and valve L, to provide back pressure for experimental provision, prevent gas
Influence to experiment；
5. opening valve E and valve F, valve C and valve D is closed, starts the first constant-flux pump, with 0.02~0.05mL/min
Flow velocity carry out displacement, when the viscous crude difference in height in oil column pipe and liquid column pipe is less than 0.1cm, close the first constant-flux pump；
6. by system at rest 12~24 hours, treat that oil-water system balances；
7. opening valve L and starting the first constant-flux pump, displacement is carried out with the flow velocity of 0.002mL/min, when thick in liquid column pipe
When oily height increases, oil column pipe and the viscous crude oil column height in liquid column pipe under immediate record；Start pressure ladder by being calculated
Degree is viscous crude starting pressure gradient.
Any of the above-described scheme is preferably, step 2. described in confining pressure be set above pressure 1.5 in core holding unit
~2MPa；Pressure changes in core holding unit in the entire experiment process, adjusts confining pressure and remains higher than rock core clamping
1.5~2MPa of pressure in device.
Any of the above-described scheme is preferably, step 7. described in the formula that calculates be G0=10-6×ρ0×g×(H0-Hl)/
L；
Wherein, G0Viscous crude starting pressure gradient, MPa/m；
ρ0Viscous crude oil sample density, Kg/m3；
G-acceleration of gravity, 9.8m/s2；
H0Viscous crude oil column height, m in oil column pipe；
HlViscous crude oil column height in liquid column pipe, m；
L- rock core length, m.
Any of the above-described scheme is preferably, and when viscous crude starting pressure gradient measures under the conditions of carrying out irreducible water, step is 1.
In to rock core elder generation saturation water process, then saturation viscous crude, obtain the viscous crude saturated core containing irreducible water, then rock core is put into rock core
Subsequent step is carried out in clamper.
Viscous crude single phase fluid flow rule is carried out using the device of the utility model to measure, and is included the following steps：
1) carry out viscous crude starting pressure gradient measurement 1. -7. step, after measurement obtains viscous crude starting pressure gradient, continue
Displacement is carried out with the flow velocity of 0.002 mL/min, when the flow velocity of outlet port of rock core holder also reaches 0.002mL/min and oil column
When pipe no longer changes with the viscous crude oil column height in liquid column pipe, flow velocity and corresponding oil column pipe and the viscous crude in liquid column pipe are recorded
Oil column height；
2) step 1) is repeated, in the pressure limit measured in oil column Guan Suoneng, flow velocity is gradually increased, measures multigroup low flow velocity
Lower flow velocity and corresponding oil column pipe and the viscous crude oil column height in liquid column pipe, and record；
3) with the increase of flow velocity, clamper inlet port pressure exceeds the pressure that oil column Guan Suoneng is measured, at this point, opening valve
Door C, valve D, close valve E, valve F, gradually increase flow velocity, continue to measure under multigroup high flow velocities flow velocity and its is corresponding
Viscous crude oil column height in inlet pressure and liquid column pipe, and record；
4) collate the minutes data, by calculating the relation curve obtained between viscous crude flow velocity and barometric gradient, obtains viscous crude
Single phase fluid flow rule.
Any of the above-described scheme is preferably, and in step 4), barometric gradient calculation formula is G0=(pt-10-6×ρo×g×
Hl)/L, wherein, piFor core entry pressure, MPa.
Viscous crude oil-water two-phase flow rule is carried out using the device of the utility model to measure, and is included the following steps：
A. the rock core in core holding unit is according to oil-water ratio x：The viscous crude of y carries out saturated process with water, and the viscous crude is opened
Dynamic pressure gradient and percolation law measuring device connect, and whole device is emptied, and corresponding fluids are full of in each pipeline,
It prevents air from entering in experimental provision, influences experiment and measure；It will remove except constant-flux pump, confining pressure pump, the accurate pressure gauge of third
Entire experimental provision is placed in insulating box, and calorstat temperature is set as heavy crude reservoir temperature, after standing 24 hours in insulating box
Carry out subsequent step；
B. valve C, valve D, valve H, valve I are closed, remaining valve is fully open, and confining pressure is set higher than rock core clamping
Device 1.5~2MPa of internal pressure opens the first constant-flux pump and the second constant-flux pump, and control piper one and two velocity ratio of pipeline are respectively
x：Y, and the sum of the first constant-flux pump and the second advection flow rate pump are 0.002mL/min, are carried out at the same time displacement；Work as core holding unit
When the fluid level that the overall flow rate of the port of export reaches in 0.002mL/min and oil column pipe, water column pipe and liquid column pipe no longer changes, note
Record flow velocity and corresponding oil, the water column pipe and fluid liquid-column height in liquid column pipe；
C. step b is repeated, in the pressure limit measured in oil column Guan Suoneng, flow velocity is gradually increased, measures multigroup low flow velocity
Lower flow velocity and corresponding oil column pipe, the water pipe column and liquid-column height in liquid column pipe, and record；
D. with the increase of flow velocity, pressure that clamper inlet port pressure is measured beyond oil column pipe, water column Guan Suoneng, this
When, valve C, valve D, valve J, valve K are opened, valve E, valve F, valve H, valve I is closed, gradually increases flow velocity, is continued
Flow velocity under multigroup high flow velocities and the fluid liquid-column height in its corresponding inlet pressure and liquid column pipe are measured, and is recorded；
E. collate the minutes data, by the relationship under the conditions of the aqueous x/ (x+y) of calculating acquisition between flow velocity and barometric gradient
Curve；
F. it adjusts oil-water ratio, repeats step a~e and obtain under the conditions of other oil-water ratios between flow velocity and barometric gradient
Relation curve obtains viscous crude oil-water two-phase flow rule.
During viscous crude single phase fluid flow, pressure difference can increase with the increase of flow velocity, pressure of the viscous crude at core entry
It is consequently increased.However the limited pressure that liquid column pipe can be provided, therefore in most viscous crude percolation law measurement experiments, laboratory
Precision pressure gauge or high-precision pressure sensor are commonly used to measure the pressure of inlet.But it is constrained to precision pressure gauge/high-precision
The precision of pressure sensor is spent, the inlet pressure of Seepage Experiment just at first is not measured or estimates reading, often causes to ooze
Flow incipient that one piece of data missing or inaccurate.The utility model makes respectively before core holding unit entrance and behind outlet
With oil column pipe, water column pipe and liquid column pipe, and increase the switch valve between oil/water column tube and corresponding accurate pressure gauge；Enter
Oil/water column tube at mouthful can accurately measure the pressure of inlet, overcome routine experiment precision pressure gauge or high-precision pressure
Sensor measures the defects of pressure of inlet is inaccurate；The liquid column pipe in exit can provide the back pressure of superatmospheric,
And then prevent delay of the gas in porous media；Switch valve between oil/water column tube and accurate pressure gauge can be according to reality
Testing needs to carry out single-phase online real-time switching between oil-water two-phase flow and between device for pressure measurement, avoids testing
In journey cross multioperation, reduce even eliminate gas enter the probability of test system, and effectively reduce experiment the time required to.
The utility model is provided for viscous crude starting pressure gradient and percolation law measurement and a set of is fast and accurately measured
Device not only allows for back pressure processing when viscous crude starting pressure gradient and percolation law measurement, it is therefore prevented that air trapping pair
The influence of experiment, while above four experiments is also supported to carry out, and support online switching, particularly pressure measuring device are cut
It changes, on the one hand reduces the triviality of operation, also on the one hand be able to measure compared with viscous crude percolation law under low velocity, compensate for majority
Viscous crude percolation law is in the deficiency compared with shortage of data under low flow velocity or inaccuracy.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a preferred implementation of a kind of viscous crude starting pressure gradient and percolation law measuring device of the utility model
The schematic diagram of example.
It illustrates：
The first constant-flux pumps of 1-, 2- valves A, 3- surge tank, 4- valves B, 5- oil tank, the first accurate pressure of 6- valves C, 7-
Table, 8- valves D, 9- valve E, 10- oil column pipe, the second constant-flux pump of 11- valves F, 12-, 13- valves G, 14- water pot, 15- valves
H, 16- water column pipe, the second accurate pressure gauge of 17- valves I, 18- valve J, 19-, the accurate pressure gauge of 20- valves K, 21- third,
22- valves M, 23- confining pressure pump, 24- core holding units, 25- valves L, 26- liquid column pipe, 27- graduated cylinders, 28- insulating boxs.
Specific embodiment
In order to be further understood that the content of the utility model, the utility model is made more below in conjunction with specific embodiment
For detailed description, embodiment only has exemplary effect to the utility model, without the effect of any restrictions；It is any
The insubstantial modifications that those skilled in the art make on the basis of the utility model should all belong to the utility model protection
Range.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of viscous crude starting pressure gradient and percolation law measuring device, are pressed from both sides including constant-flux pump, rock core
Holder 24, confining pressure pump 23 and its connection pipeline, set two parallel pipelines, pipeline one before 24 arrival end of core holding unit
Using viscous crude as displacing medium, pipeline two is using water flooding as displacing medium；
Pipeline one includes the first constant-flux pump 1, valve A2, surge tank 3, valve B4, oil tank 5, valve C6, the first accurate pressure
Table 7, valve D8, valve E9, oil column pipe 10, valve F11；First constant-flux pump, 1 export pipeline passes through valve A2 and surge tank
3 upper entrances connect, and 3 lower part outlet pipeline of surge tank is connect by valve B4 with 5 bottom inlet of oil tank, will be thick in oil tank 5
Oil drives in 5 top of oil tank and enters the first accurate pressure gauge pressure measurement branch in parallel or oil column pipe pressure measurement branch；First essence
Set in quasi- pressure gauge pressure measurement branch the valve C6 that is connected with the first accurate 7 pedestal entrance of pressure gauge and with the first accurate pressure gauge
The valve D8 that 7 pan outlets are connected；The valve E9 being connected with 10 pedestal entrance of oil column pipe is set in the oil column pipe pressure measurement branch
The valve F11 being connected with 10 pan outlet of oil column pipe；The first accurate pressure gauge pressure measurement branch and oil column pipe pressure measurement branch
It is intersected in 24 arrival end of core holding unit；
Pipeline two includes the second constant-flux pump 12, valve G13, water pot 14, valve H15, water column pipe 16, valve I17, valve
J18, the second accurate pressure gauge 19, valve K20；Second constant-flux pump, 12 export pipeline passes through valve G13 and 14 lower part of water pot
Entrance connects, and the water flooding on 14 top of water pot is driven in the second accurate pressure gauge pressure measurement branch in parallel or water column pipe pressure measurement point
Branch；Set in the second accurate pressure gauge pressure measurement branch valve J18 that is connected with the second accurate 19 pedestal entrance of pressure gauge and
The valve K20 being connected with the second accurate 19 pan outlet of pressure gauge；Setting and 16 bottom of water column pipe in the water column pipe pressure measurement branch
Seat entrance the valve H15 being connected and the valve I17 being connected with 10 pan outlet of water oil column pipe；The second accurate pressure gauge pressure measurement
Branch and water column pipe pressure measurement branch are intersected in 24 arrival end of core holding unit.
In the present embodiment, the core holding unit 24 have clamper arrival end, the clamper port of export and confining pressure into
Entrance is used to be packed into rock core sample.
In the present embodiment, the confining pressure pump 23 is communicated with the confining pressure inlet port, is used to apply to the rock core sample
Add confining pressure with simulated formation environment.
In the present embodiment, the confining pressure pumps 23 by the accurate pressure gauge 21 of valve M22 connections third, and the third is accurate
Pressure gauge 21 is used to monitor the confining pressure in experimentation.
In the present embodiment, the clamper port of export is communicated to liquid column pipe pedestal by valve L25, with 26 phase of liquid column pipe
It is logical；The 26 upper end connection rubber tube of liquid column pipe, the rubber tube extend to the liquid that will be overflowed in liquid column pipe 26 at graduated cylinder 27
Import graduated cylinder 27.
In the present embodiment, insulating box 28, ranging from 20~150 DEG C of 28 temperature control of insulating box are further included.
In the present embodiment, liquor charging medium is water in the constant-flux pump, chooses the low discharge that precision is 0.0001ml/min
Constant-flux pump provides stable flow velocity for experimental provision.
In the present embodiment, 3 inside of surge tank is the water from constant-flux pump, and the surge tank 3 is used to buffer advection
Displacement pressure between pump and oil tank 5 reduces fluctuation, enables smooth transfer.The 5 inside setting piston of oil tank, piston
Lower part is the water in surge tank, and upper piston area is viscous crude oil sample.
In the present embodiment, 14 inside setting piston of the water pot, piston lower portion are the water from constant-flux pump, upper piston area
For viscous crude field scene water flooding water sample.
In the present embodiment, the oil column pipe 10 is the capillary of glass material, and 10 lower end of oil column pipe connects oil column
10 pedestal of pipe, multiple-way valve of the pedestal for internal connection, 10 height of oil column pipe are 40cm, liquid in the oil column pipe 10
Pillar height degree passes through vernier caliper measurement.
In the present embodiment, the water column pipe 16 is the capillary of glass material, and 16 lower end of water column pipe connects water column
16 pedestal of pipe, multiple-way valve of the pedestal for internal connection, 16 height of water column pipe are 40cm, liquid in the water column pipe 16
Pillar height degree passes through vernier caliper measurement.
In the present embodiment, the liquid column pipe 26 is the capillary of glass material, and 26 lower end of liquid column pipe connects fluid column
26 pedestal of pipe, multiple-way valve of the pedestal for internal connection, 26 height of liquid column pipe are 10cm, liquid in the liquid column pipe 26
Pillar height degree passes through vernier caliper measurement.
In the present embodiment, the described first accurate pressure gauge 7, the second accurate pressure gauge 19, the accurate pressure gauge 21 of third are surveyed
It is 0.008MPa to press range minimum.
Using above-mentioned viscous crude starting pressure gradient and percolation law measuring device to viscous crude single-phase starting barometric gradient into
Row measures, and includes the following steps：
1. rock core is put into core holding unit 24 after saturation viscous crude processing is carried out to experiment rock core, the viscous crude is started
Barometric gradient and percolation law measuring device connect, and whole device is emptied, and full of corresponding fluids in each pipeline, prevent
Only air enters in experimental provision, influences experiment and measures；It will remove except constant-flux pump, confining pressure pump 23, the accurate pressure gauge 21 of third
Entire experimental provision be placed in insulating box 28,28 temperature of insulating box is set as 65 DEG C, after standing 24 hours in insulating box 28
Carry out subsequent step；
2. closing valve E9, valve F11, valve G13, valve H15, valve I17, valve J18, valve K20, valve is opened
A2, valve B4, valve C6, valve D8, valve L25, valve M22, it is higher than in core holding unit 24 that setting confining pressure, which pumps 23 confining pressures,
Pressure 2MPa, pressure changes in core holding unit 24 in the entire experiment process, adjust confining pressure remain higher than rock
Pressure 2MPa in heart clamp holder 24；The first constant-flux pump 1 is opened, displacement, at least 1 times of displacement are carried out with the flow velocity of 0.5mL/min
Rock pore volume, when in graduated cylinder 27 amount of liquid be more than 1 times of rock core volume after stop displacement, after again ensuring that heated at constant temperature
There is no gas in system；
3. valve L25 is closed, the viscous crude in extraction section liquid column pipe, the viscous crude in liquid column pipe 26 is highly down to 1~
2cm；
4. opening valve L25, start the first constant-flux pump 1, displacement is carried out with the flow velocity of 0.05mL/min, in liquid column pipe 26
When viscous crude highly reaches 5cm, the first constant-flux pump 1 and valve L25 are closed, to provide back pressure for experimental provision, prevents gas pair
The influence of experiment；
5. opening valve E9 and valve F11, valve C6 and valve D8 is closed, starts the first constant-flux pump 1, with 0.05mL/min
Flow velocity carry out displacement, when the viscous crude difference in height in oil column pipe 10 and liquid column pipe 26 is less than 0.1cm, close the first constant-flux pump 1；
6. by system at rest 12 hours, treat that oil-water system balances；
7. opening valve L25 and starting the first constant-flux pump 1, displacement is carried out with the flow velocity of 0.002mL/min, when liquid column pipe 26
During middle viscous crude height raising, oil column pipe 10 and the viscous crude oil column height in liquid column pipe 26 under immediate record；It is opened by being calculated
Dynamic pressure gradient is viscous crude starting pressure gradient.The formula of calculating is G0=10-6×ρ0×g×(H0-Hl)/L；
Wherein, G0Viscous crude starting pressure gradient, MPa/m；
ρ0Viscous crude oil sample density, Kg/m3；
G-acceleration of gravity, 9.8m/s2；
H0Viscous crude oil column height, m in oil column pipe 10；
HlViscous crude oil column height, m in liquid column pipe 26；
L- rock core length, m.
Three groups of rock cores are chosen, the viscous crude single-phase starting barometric gradient obtained using different measurement methods is as shown in the table.
More than three groups of rock core drills be derived from the artificial homogeneous flat panels rock core of same, although surveyed physical property slightly difference, can recognize
Three groups of rock cores are identical thus.Viscous crude oil sample carries out viscous crude single-phase starting barometric gradient using identical viscous crude oil sample and measures.Comparison is not
It is found with the viscous crude single-phase starting barometric gradient measured under measurement method：It is not added with that the viscous crude measured under backpressure condition is single-phase to be opened
Dynamic pressure gradient will be slightly higher than the measuring device measured result of this utility model, gas can be caused stagnant the reason is that being not added with back pressure
It stays in rock core, causes surveyed startup pressure higher；The viscous crude single-phase starting pressure measured under the conditions of counterbalance valve+precision pressure gauge
Power gradient will be apparently higher than the utility model, this is because laboratory is often existed mostly with precision pressure gauge minimum scale value
More than 0.001MPa, however surveyed viscous crude single-phase starting pressure is but less than 0.001MPa, measurement result often deviates reality,
Therefore the device of the utility model improves accuracy of measurement.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment uses viscous crude starting pressure gradient and percolation law measuring device in embodiment 1, with embodiment 1
The difference is that in measuring device, 14 upper piston area of water pot is the salinity water of laboratory configuration, the salinity water and viscous crude
Oil Field water-mineralizing degree is identical；Oil column pipe 10,16 height of water column pipe are 30cm, 26 height 8cm of liquid column pipe.
Using viscous crude starting pressure gradient described in embodiment 1 and percolation law measuring device, under constraint water condition
Viscous crude starting pressure gradient measures, and includes the following steps：
1. to rock core elder generation saturation water process, then saturation viscous crude, the viscous crude saturated core containing irreducible water is obtained, then by rock core
It is put into core holding unit 24, the viscous crude starting pressure gradient and percolation law measuring device is connected, to entirely filling
It puts and is emptied, full of corresponding fluids in each pipeline, prevent air from entering in experimental provision, influence experiment and measure；It is flat by removing
Entire experimental provision except stream pump, confining pressure pump 23, the accurate pressure gauge 21 of third is placed in insulating box 28, and 28 temperature of insulating box is set
It is set to 60 DEG C, subsequent step is carried out in insulating box 28 after standing 24 hours；
2. closing valve E9, valve F11, valve G13, valve H15, valve I17, valve J18, valve K20, valve is opened
A2, valve B4, valve C6, valve D8, valve L25, valve M22, it is higher than in core holding unit 24 that setting confining pressure, which pumps 23 confining pressures,
Pressure 1.8MPa, pressure changes in core holding unit 24 in the entire experiment process, adjusts confining pressure and remains and is higher than
Pressure 1.8MPa in core holding unit 24；The first constant-flux pump 1 is opened, displacement, displacement 1.5 are carried out with the flow velocity of 0.4mL/min
Times rock pore volume, when in graduated cylinder 27 amount of liquid be more than 1.5 times of rock core volumes after stop displacement, to again ensure that heated at constant temperature
There is no gas in system afterwards；
3. valve L25 is closed, the viscous crude in extraction section liquid column pipe, the viscous crude in liquid column pipe 26 is highly down to 1~
2cm；
4. opening valve L25, start the first constant-flux pump 1, displacement is carried out with the flow velocity of 0.04mL/min, in liquid column pipe 26
When viscous crude highly reaches 6cm, the first constant-flux pump 1 and valve L25 are closed, to provide back pressure for experimental provision, prevents gas pair
The influence of experiment；
5. opening valve E9 and valve F11, valve C6 and valve D8 is closed, starts the first constant-flux pump 1, with 0.04mL/min
Flow velocity carry out displacement, when the viscous crude difference in height in oil column pipe 10 and liquid column pipe 26 is less than 0.1cm, close the first constant-flux pump 1；
6. by system at rest 24 hours, treat that oil-water system balances；
7. opening valve L25 and starting the first constant-flux pump 1, displacement is carried out with the flow velocity of 0.001mL/min, when liquid column pipe 26
During middle viscous crude height raising, oil column pipe 10 and the viscous crude oil column height in liquid column pipe 26 under immediate record；It is opened by being calculated
Dynamic pressure gradient is viscous crude starting pressure gradient.
Embodiment 3
Using viscous crude starting pressure gradient described in embodiment 1 and percolation law measuring device, viscous crude single phase fluid flow is advised
Rule measures, and includes the following steps：
1) it carries out viscous crude starting pressure gradient in embodiment 1 and measures 1. -7. step, obtaining viscous crude in measurement starts pressure ladder
After degree, continue to carry out displacement with the flow velocity of 0.002mL/min, when the flow velocity of 24 port of export of core holding unit also reaches 0.002mL/
When min and oil column pipe 10 no longer change with the viscous crude oil column height in liquid column pipe 26, flow velocity and corresponding oil column pipe 10 are recorded
With the viscous crude oil column height in liquid column pipe 26；
2) step 1) is repeated, in the pressure limit that can be measured in oil column pipe 10, flow velocity is gradually increased, measures respectively
0.003mL/min、0.004mL/min、0.005mL/min、0.006mL/min、0.007mL/min、0.008mL/min、
Flow velocity and corresponding oil column pipe 10 and the viscous crude oil column height in liquid column pipe 26 under 0.009mL/min flow velocitys, and record；
3) with the increase of flow velocity, clamper inlet port pressure exceeds the pressure that oil column pipe 10 can measure, at this point, opening
Valve C6, valve D8 close valve E9, valve F11, gradually increase flow velocity, continue to measure 0.01mL/min, 0.015mL/min,
Under the high flow velocities such as 0.02mL/min, 0.025mL/min, 0.03mL/min, 0.035mL/min, 0.04mL/min flow velocity and
Viscous crude oil column height in its corresponding inlet pressure and liquid column pipe 26, and record；
4) collate the minutes data, by calculating the relation curve obtained between viscous crude flow velocity and barometric gradient, obtains viscous crude
Single phase fluid flow rule.Barometric gradient calculation formula is G0=(pi-106×ρ0×g×Hl)/L, wherein, plFor core entry pressure,
MPa。
Embodiment 4
Using viscous crude starting pressure gradient described in embodiment 1 and percolation law measuring device, viscous crude water-oil phase is oozed
Stream rule measures, and includes the following steps：
A. the rock core in core holding unit 24 is according to oil-water ratio 7：3 viscous crude carries out saturated process with water, will be described thick
Oily starting pressure gradient and percolation law measuring device connect, and whole device is emptied, full of corresponding in each pipeline
Fluid prevents air from entering in experimental provision, influences experiment and measures；Constant-flux pump, confining pressure pump 23, the accurate pressure gauge of third will be removed
Entire experimental provision except 21 is placed in insulating box 28, and 28 temperature of insulating box is set as 70 DEG C, in constant temperature after standing 24 hours
Subsequent step is carried out in case 28；
B. valve C6, valve D8, valve H15, valve I17 are closed, remaining valve is fully open, and confining pressure is set higher than rock
24 internal pressure 1.8MPa of heart clamp holder opens the first constant-flux pump 1 and the second constant-flux pump 12, respectively with 0.0014mL/min and
The flow velocity of 0.0006mL/min is carried out at the same time displacement；When the overall flow rate of 24 port of export of core holding unit reach 0.002mL/min and
When oil column pipe 10, water column pipe 16 no longer change with the fluid level in liquid column pipe 26, flow velocity and corresponding oil, water column pipe are recorded
16 with liquid column pipe 26 in fluid liquid-column height；
C. step b is repeated, in the pressure limit that can be measured in oil column pipe 10, flow velocity is gradually increased, measures respectively
Flow velocity and corresponding oil column pipe 10, water pipe column and liquid under the overall flow rate of 0.004mL/min, 0.006mL/min, 0.008mL/min
Liquid-column height in column tube 26, and record；
D. with the increase of flow velocity, the pressure that clamper inlet port pressure exceeds oil column pipe 10, water column pipe 16 can measure,
At this point, opening valve C6, valve D8, valve J18, valve K20, valve E9, valve F11, valve H15, valve I17 are closed, by
Cumulative plus flow velocity, continue to measure respectively 0.01mL/min, 0.02mL/min0.03mL/min, 0.04mL/min, 0.05mL/min,
Fluid liquid-column height under 0.06mL/min overall flow rates in flow velocity and its corresponding inlet pressure and liquid column pipe 26, and record；
E. collate the minutes data, by calculating the relationship song obtained under the conditions of aqueous 30% between flow velocity and barometric gradient
Line；
F. oil-water ratio is adjusted, repeatedly under the conditions of the following oil-water ratio of step a~e acquisitions between flow velocity and barometric gradient
Relation curve obtains viscous crude oil-water two-phase flow rule：
Oil-water ratio 8：2, step b the first constant-flux pump 1 and the second constant-flux pump 12 are respectively with 0.0016mL/min and 0.0004
The flow velocity of mL/min is carried out at the same time displacement, eventually passes through the pass for calculating and obtaining under the conditions of aqueous 20% between flow velocity and barometric gradient
It is curve；
Oil-water ratio 6：4, step b the first constant-flux pump 1 and the second constant-flux pump 12 are respectively with 0.0012mL/min and 0.0008
The flow velocity of mL/min is carried out at the same time displacement, eventually passes through the pass for calculating and obtaining under the conditions of aqueous 40% between flow velocity and barometric gradient
It is curve；
Oil-water ratio 5：5, step b the first constant-flux pump 1 and the second constant-flux pump 12 are respectively with 0.001mL/min and 0.001mL/
The flow velocity of min is carried out at the same time displacement, eventually passes through the relationship for calculating and obtaining under the conditions of aqueous 50% between flow velocity and barometric gradient
Curve；
Oil-water ratio 1：9, step b the first constant-flux pump 1 and the second constant-flux pump 12 are respectively with 0.0002mL/min and 0.0018
The flow velocity of mL/min is carried out at the same time displacement, eventually passes through the pass for calculating and obtaining under the conditions of aqueous 90% between flow velocity and barometric gradient
It is curve；
And so on.
Although the utility model, those skilled in the art has shown and described referring particularly to its preferred embodiment
It is appreciated that the various changes that can be made in form and details are new without departing from this practicality described in the appended claims
The range of type.It is described in detail above in association with specific embodiment of the utility model, but is not the limit to the utility model
System.Every foundation the technical essence of the utility model any simple modification made to the above embodiment, still falls within this practicality
The range of new technique scheme.
Claims (14)
1. a kind of viscous crude starting pressure gradient and percolation law measuring device, including constant-flux pump, core holding unit (24), confining pressure
Pump (23) and its connecting pipeline, it is characterised in that：Two parallel pipelines, pipeline are set before core holding unit (24) arrival end
One using viscous crude as displacing medium, and pipeline two is using water flooding as displacing medium；
Pipeline one includes the first constant-flux pump (1), valve A (2), surge tank (3), valve B (4), oil tank (5), valve C, the first essence
Quasi- pressure gauge (7), valve D (8), valve E (9), oil column pipe (10), valve F (11)；First constant-flux pump (1) export pipeline
It is connect by valve A (2) with surge tank (3) upper entrance, surge tank (3) lower part outlet pipeline passes through valve B (4) and oil tank bottom
Viscous crude in oil tank is driven in oil tank top and enters the first accurate pressure gauge pressure measurement branch in parallel or oil column by portion's entrance connection
Pipe pressure measurement branch；Setting is connected with the first accurate pressure gauge (7) pedestal entrance in the first accurate pressure gauge pressure measurement branch
The valve C and valve D (8) being connected with the first accurate pressure gauge (7) pan outlet；Setting and oil in the oil column pipe pressure measurement branch
The valve E (9) that column tube (10) pedestal entrance the is connected and valve F (11) being connected with oil column pipe (10) pan outlet；Described first
Accurate pressure gauge pressure measurement branch is intersected in core holding unit (24) arrival end with oil column pipe pressure measurement branch；
Pipeline two includes the second constant-flux pump (12), valve G (13), water pot (14), valve H (15), water column pipe (16), valve I
(17), valve J (18), the second accurate pressure gauge (19), valve K (20)；Second constant-flux pump (12) export pipeline passes through valve
Door G (13) is connect with water pot (14) lower entrances, and the water flooding on water pot (14) top is driven in the second accurate pressure gauge in parallel
Pressure measurement branch or water column pipe pressure measurement branch；Setting and the second accurate pressure gauge (19) in the second accurate pressure gauge pressure measurement branch
The valve J (18) that pedestal entrance the is connected and valve K (20) being connected with the second accurate pressure gauge (19) pan outlet；The water column
Set in pipe pressure measurement branch the valve H (15) that is connected with water column pipe (16) pedestal entrance and with water oil column pipe (10) pan outlet phase
Valve I (17) even；The second accurate pressure gauge pressure measurement branch and water column pipe pressure measurement branch are intersected in core holding unit (24)
Arrival end.
2. viscous crude starting pressure gradient according to claim 1 and percolation law measuring device, it is characterised in that：It is described
Core holding unit (24) has clamper arrival end, the clamper port of export and confining pressure inlet port, is used to be packed into rock core sample.
3. viscous crude starting pressure gradient according to claim 1 or 2 and percolation law measuring device, it is characterised in that：
The confining pressure pump (23) communicates with the confining pressure inlet port, is used to apply confining pressure to the rock core sample with simulated formation ring
Border.
4. viscous crude starting pressure gradient according to claim 1 and percolation law measuring device, it is characterised in that：It is described
Confining pressure pumps (23) by valve M (22) the connection accurate pressure gauges of third (21), and the accurate pressure gauge of third (21) is for monitoring
Confining pressure in experimentation.
5. viscous crude starting pressure gradient according to claim 2 and percolation law measuring device, it is characterised in that：It is described
The clamper port of export is communicated to liquid column pipe pedestal by valve L (25), is communicated with liquid column pipe (26)；Liquid column pipe (26) upper end
Connection rubber tube, the rubber tube extend at graduated cylinder (27) liquid overflowed in liquid column pipe (26) importing graduated cylinder (27).
6. viscous crude starting pressure gradient according to claim 1 and percolation law measuring device, it is characterised in that：Also wrap
Include insulating box (28), ranging from 20~150 DEG C of insulating box (28) temperature control.
7. viscous crude starting pressure gradient according to claim 1 and percolation law measuring device, it is characterised in that：It is described
Liquor charging medium is water in constant-flux pump, and including the low discharge constant-flux pump that precision is 0.0001ml/min, stabilization is provided for experimental provision
Flow velocity.
8. viscous crude starting pressure gradient according to claim 1 and percolation law measuring device, it is characterised in that：It is described
It is the water from constant-flux pump inside surge tank (3), the surge tank (3) is for being used to buffer between constant-flux pump and oil tank (5)
Displacement pressure reduces fluctuation, enables pressure smooth transfer.
9. viscous crude starting pressure gradient according to claim 1 and percolation law measuring device, it is characterised in that：It is described
Setting piston inside oil tank (5), piston lower portion are the water in surge tank, and upper piston area is viscous crude oil sample.
10. viscous crude starting pressure gradient according to claim 1 and percolation law measuring device, it is characterised in that：Institute
Setting piston inside water pot (14) is stated, piston lower portion is the water from constant-flux pump, and upper piston area is viscous crude field scene water flooding
Water sample or the simulated formation water of laboratory configuration, the simulated formation water are close with viscous crude field scene water-mineralizing degree.
11. viscous crude starting pressure gradient according to claim 1 and percolation law measuring device, it is characterised in that：Institute
The capillary that oil column pipe (10) is glass material is stated, oil column pipe (10) lower end connects oil column pipe (10) pedestal, the pedestal
For the multiple-way valve of inside connection, the oil column pipe (10) is highly 20~50cm, has scale or without scale, institute on oil column pipe (10)
Vernier caliper measurement can be passed through by stating oil column pipe (10) interior liquid-column height.
12. viscous crude starting pressure gradient according to claim 1 and percolation law measuring device, it is characterised in that：Institute
The capillary that water column pipe (16) is glass material is stated, water column pipe (16) lower end connects water column pipe (16) pedestal, the pedestal
For the multiple-way valve of inside connection, the water column pipe (16) is highly 20~50cm, has scale or without scale, institute on water column pipe (16)
Water column pipe (16) interior liquid-column height is stated by can vernier caliper measurement.
13. viscous crude starting pressure gradient according to claim 5 and percolation law measuring device, it is characterised in that：Institute
The capillary that liquid column pipe (26) is glass material is stated, liquid column pipe (26) lower end connects liquid column pipe (26) pedestal, the pedestal
For the multiple-way valve of inside connection, the liquid column pipe (26) is highly 5~20cm, has scale or without scale, institute on liquid column pipe (26)
Vernier caliper measurement can be passed through by stating liquid column pipe (26) interior liquid-column height.
14. viscous crude starting pressure gradient and percolation law measuring device according to claim 1 or 4, it is characterised in that：
The first accurate pressure gauge (7), the second accurate pressure gauge (19), the accurate pressure gauge of third (21) pressure measurement range minimum are
0.008MPa。
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107727553A (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2018-02-23 | 中国石油大学(北京) | A kind of viscous crude free-boundary problem and percolation law measurement apparatus and method |
| CN109870396A (en) * | 2019-03-06 | 2019-06-11 | 中国石油大学(北京) | A kind of method and device obtaining starting pressure gradient |
| CN113607622A (en) * | 2021-08-04 | 2021-11-05 | 西南石油大学 | Experimental device and method for testing turbulence influence in water flooding process through double pipes |
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2017
- 2017-10-31 CN CN201721425204.5U patent/CN207586089U/en active Active
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107727553A (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2018-02-23 | 中国石油大学(北京) | A kind of viscous crude free-boundary problem and percolation law measurement apparatus and method |
| CN107727553B (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2023-09-29 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Device and method for measuring thick oil starting pressure gradient and seepage law |
| CN109870396A (en) * | 2019-03-06 | 2019-06-11 | 中国石油大学(北京) | A kind of method and device obtaining starting pressure gradient |
| CN113607622A (en) * | 2021-08-04 | 2021-11-05 | 西南石油大学 | Experimental device and method for testing turbulence influence in water flooding process through double pipes |
| CN113607622B (en) * | 2021-08-04 | 2023-09-05 | 西南石油大学 | Experimental device and method for testing turbulence influence in water flooding process through double pipes |
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