CN113062722A - Long core water-gas stable alternation and accurate volume oil displacement experimental method - Google Patents
Long core water-gas stable alternation and accurate volume oil displacement experimental method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113062722A CN113062722A CN202110297755.2A CN202110297755A CN113062722A CN 113062722 A CN113062722 A CN 113062722A CN 202110297755 A CN202110297755 A CN 202110297755A CN 113062722 A CN113062722 A CN 113062722A
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- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000008398 formation water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000009738 saturating Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 20
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 20
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
- E21B43/166—Injecting a gaseous medium; Injecting a gaseous medium and a liquid medium
- E21B43/168—Injecting a gaseous medium
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
- E21B43/20—Displacing by water
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- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
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- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention relates to a long core water-gas stable alternation and accurate volume oil displacement experimental method, which comprises the following steps: adjusting the temperature of the constant temperature box to the formation temperature, and vacuumizing the rock core; injecting formation water into the core, and saturating the core to restrict water; displacing the degassed crude oil to the core until no water is discharged from the gas-liquid separator, and measuring the volume of formation water in the gas-liquid separator to obtain the pore volume of the core; displacing the undegassed crude oil to the core until the gas-oil ratio in the gas-liquid separator is consistent with that of the undegassed crude oil; opening valves and three-way valves at two ends of the injected water intermediate container and the injected gas intermediate container to communicate the two intermediate containers; opening the inlet end of the core holder, and performing water-gas alternative displacement on the core by the displacement pump in a constant speed mode; and reading the oil volume in the separator and the gas volume in the gas meter, and calculating the oil recovery ratio. The invention can ensure the accuracy of volume measurement of injected water and injected gas in water-gas alternating displacement and provides a tool and a method for a long core water-gas stable alternating displacement experiment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of oil and gas field development, in particular to a long core water-gas stable alternation and accurate volume displacement oil experiment method.
Background
With the great improvement of the current oil and gas exploration and development process, the proportion of low-permeability and ultra-low-permeability oil hidden in new exploration and development is gradually increased. The low-permeability and ultra-low-permeability reservoirs have the characteristics of low permeability and low porosity, so that the conventional flooding displacement has the problems of slow effect, low recovery rate and the like. Gas injection development is one of the important development modes of low permeability reservoir oil deposit, but the direct gas injection displacement easily forms adverse fluidity ratio, leads to gas breakthrough and seriously influences recovery efficiency. Aiming at the problem, the water-gas alternative displacement technology can improve the microscopic oil displacement effect, reduce the flow resistance of an oil phase, increase the permeation resistance of a water phase, improve the macroscopic sweep efficiency and improve the oil displacement efficiency, and has been widely valued, popularized and applied at home and abroad.
Through an indoor physical simulation experiment, parameters such as a proper injection mode, an injection speed, an injection time, a water-gas alternating volume ratio and the like can be explored according to requirements, and the effect of improving the recovery ratio of a water-gas alternating displacement experiment is evaluated. Along with the influence of the factors that the displacement pressure of the existing water-gas alternative displacement experiment is continuously increased, most of injected fluid is used for increasing the pressure of an injected sample, and the core is not actually injected, so that the injection quantity is distorted and the injection volume is inaccurate; when the intermediate containers filled with gas and injected water are alternately replaced and switched, the difference between the injection capacities of the injected gas and the injected water is larger due to unequal pressures in different intermediate containers, even the phenomenon of fluid backflow occurs, so that the water-gas alternating volume ratio cannot be accurately realized, and the injection pressure difference is discontinuous or one phase is obviously less or more than the actual injection amount; while the gas used for injection is usually vented directly to the atmosphere, resulting in metering inaccuracies. Therefore, it is important to establish a control method for maintaining the same injection pressure and controlling the effective injection volume for the simulation experiment of water-gas alternation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a long core water-gas stable alternation and accurate volume oil displacement experimental method which has reliable principle, simple and convenient operation and high test precision, keeps the same pressure of an intermediate container filled with injected gas and injected water by additionally arranging a three-way valve and a one-way valve, and measures the volume by taking the volume of crude oil and gas produced at an outlet as a reference so as to ensure the accuracy of the injection amount.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme.
Firstly, cleaning and drying a rock core, loading the rock core into a holder and placing the holder in a constant temperature box; heating to the formation temperature, and vacuumizing the core in the core holder until the temperature is below 100 pa; the intermediate container filled with the injected water and the injected gas is kept at the same pressure by using a displacement pump, and the displacement is alternately carried out according to the experimental requirements, so that the water-gas alternate displacement process of the oil reservoir under the stratum condition is simulated; and reading the volume of the oil in the gas-liquid separator and the volume of the gas in the gas meter, and judging the displacement degree.
The utility model provides a steady alternative of long rock core aqueous vapor and accurate volume displacement of reservoir oil experimental apparatus accomplishes by aqueous vapor displacement experimental apparatus in turn, the device includes displacement pump, injected water intermediate reservoir, injected gas intermediate reservoir, rock core holder, enclose the pressure pump, the backpressure pump, vapour and liquid separator and gasometer, rock core holder, injected water intermediate reservoir, injected gas intermediate reservoir are located the thermostated container, the entry end of rock core holder is respectively through injected water intermediate reservoir, injected gas intermediate reservoir connection displacement pump, the exit end passes through the backpressure valve and connects backpressure pump and vapour and liquid separator, gasometer respectively, rock core holder connects and encloses the pressure pump, both ends link pressure sensor, both ends of injected water intermediate reservoir, injected gas intermediate reservoir all set up the valve to connect the rock core holder entry end through the three-way valve, the method includes the following step in proper order:
(1) cleaning and drying the rock core, placing the rock core in a rock core holder, adjusting the temperature of a constant temperature box to the formation temperature, and vacuumizing the rock core to be below 100 Pa;
(2) injecting formation water into the rock core through a displacement pump, saturating the rock core to restrict water until the pressure required by the experiment, and synchronously increasing confining pressure and back pressure until the pressure required by the experiment;
(3) displacing the degassed crude oil to the rock core in a constant speed mode through a displacement pump until no water is discharged from the gas-liquid separator, and measuring the volume of formation water in the gas-liquid separator to obtain the pore volume of the rock core;
(4) displacing the undegassed crude oil to the rock core in a constant speed mode through a displacement pump until the gas-oil ratio in the gas-liquid separator is consistent with that of the undegassed crude oil;
(5) closing the inlet end of the rock core holder, and opening valves and a three-way valve at two ends of an injected water intermediate container and an injected gas intermediate container to communicate the two intermediate containers;
(6) opening the inlet end of the core holder, and starting a displacement pump to perform water-gas alternative displacement on the core in a constant speed mode; when water drive is carried out, the three-way valve is closed and is connected with a valve of an injected gas intermediate container; when gas drive is carried out, the three-way valve is closed and connected with a valve of an injected water intermediate container;
(7) calculating the oil saturation S according to the displacement volume index of the displacement pump and the volume of the crude oil to be displaced in the gas-liquid separatoroAnd the volume V of oil to be produced when the gas drive slug is solved under the condition that no water vapor breaks throughfgoOr oil volume V should be produced during water-driving slugfwoAfter the volume of the slug required by the experiment is displaced, closing the valve of the intermediate container for injecting the fluid, and opening the valve of the other intermediate container for injecting the fluid;
oil volume should be produced during gas flooding slug:
oil volume should be produced when water drives slug:
in the formula, Vfgo-oil volume to be produced at gas flooding slug;
Vfwo-the volume of oil to be produced at the time of water flooding of the slug;
Vp-core pore volume;
So-oil saturation;
Vd-slug size;
GWR-gas-water ratio;
Bo-oil volume factor;
(8) and (5) repeating the steps (6) and (7) until no crude oil enters the gas-liquid separator, reading the oil volume in the separator and the gas volume in the gas meter, and calculating the crude oil recovery ratio.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has simple operation, is easy to install and avoids repeated disassembly and assembly; the problems of backflow and pressure fluctuation caused by different pressures are solved by keeping the same pressure of the injected water and injected gas intermediate containers during water-gas alternative displacement and installing a one-way valve; the injected gas is collected and measured, the accuracy of the volume measurement of the injected water and the injected gas in the water-gas alternative displacement experiment is guaranteed, the influence of pressure rise on the fluid volume actually injected into the rock core before the injected water gas breaks in the rock core is eliminated, and particularly, a tool and a method are provided for the accurate control of the injection volume of the water-gas alternative experiment in the medium-low permeability rock core.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a long core water-gas steady alternation and accurate volume displacement oil experiment method.
In fig. 1: 1. 21-a displacement pump; 2. 22-displacement pump valve; 3. 4, 5, 9, 10, 11, 23, 24, 27, 28-intermediate container valves; 6-intermediate vessel containing live oil (undegassed crude oil); 7-an intermediate container filled with formation water; 8-intermediate vessel with dead oil (degassed crude oil); (ii) a 12. 16-a valve; 13. 15-pressure gauge; 14-a core holder; 17-a filter; 18-a back pressure valve; 19-a gas-liquid separator; 20-gas meter; 25-an intermediate container containing an injection gas; 26-an intermediate container filled with injection water; 29-three-way valve; 30-confining pressure pump; 31-confining pressure pump valve; 32-a back pressure pump; 33-a pressure sensor; 34-a constant temperature box; 35. 36-a one-way valve; 37-three-way valve.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings so as to facilitate understanding of the present invention by those skilled in the art. It is to be understood that the invention is not limited in scope to the specific embodiments, but is intended to cover various modifications within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined and defined by the appended claims, as would be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art.
See fig. 1.
The long core water-gas stable alternation and accurate volume displacement oil experiment method is completed by a water-gas displacement device, and the device comprises: the two ends of an intermediate container 6 filled with live oil (undegassed crude oil) are respectively provided with a valve 3 and a valve 9, the two ends of an intermediate container 7 filled with formation water are respectively provided with a valve 4 and a valve 10, the two ends of an intermediate container 8 filled with dead oil (degassed crude oil) are respectively provided with a valve 5 and a valve 11, a displacement pump 1 is provided with a valve 2, the two ends of an intermediate container 25 filled with displacement gas are respectively provided with valves 23 and 27, the two ends of an intermediate container 26 filled with injected water are respectively provided with valves 24 and 28, check valves 35 and 36 are connected with a three-way valve 29 through pipelines, the three-way valve 29 is connected with the inlet end of a core holder 14 through a pipeline, the inlet end and the outlet end of the core holder are respectively provided with pressure gauges, the back pressure valve 18, the back pressure valve 18 are connected with the back pressure pump 32, the gas-liquid separator 19 and the gas meter 20, and the intermediate containers 6, 7, 8, 25 and 28 and the core holder 14 are all arranged in the constant temperature box 34.
The method comprises the following steps:
(1) cleaning, drying and loading the core into a core holder 14 arranged in a constant temperature box 34, connecting a pipeline, adjusting the temperature to the formation temperature, and vacuumizing to be below 100 Pa;
(2) raising the pressure of the intermediate container 7 filled with formation water, the intermediate container 8 filled with dead oil (degassed crude oil), the intermediate container 6 filled with live oil (undegassed crude oil), the intermediate container 26 filled with injection water and the intermediate container 25 filled with injection gas to the formation pressure;
(3) opening valves 4 and 10 at two ends of a rock core holder 14 and a middle container 7 filled with formation water, opening a displacement pump 1 to fully saturate and restrict water in a rock core until the pressure required by an experiment is reached, keeping the pressure for more than 6h to ensure that the rock core is fully saturated and restrict water, and simultaneously synchronously increasing confining pressure and back pressure to the pressure required by the experiment;
(4) closing an outlet end valve 10 of an intermediate container filled with formation water, opening two end valves 5 and 11 of the intermediate container filled with dead oil (degassed crude oil), driving a displacement pump 1 to displace the dead oil in a constant speed mode until no water is discharged from a gas-liquid separator, measuring the volume of the formation water in the gas-liquid separator 19 to obtain the volume of rock sample pores, and keeping the formation pressure constant for 24 hours in a constant pressure mode by the displacement pump 1;
(5) closing an outlet end valve 11 of an intermediate container filled with dead oil (degassed crude oil), opening two end valves 3 and 9 of an intermediate container filled with live oil (undegassed crude oil), and pausing the displacement of the displacement pump 1 for 12 hours in a constant speed mode until the gas-oil ratio of an oil sample in the gas-liquid separator is consistent with the gas-oil ratio of the live oil until the gas-oil ratios expelled by different times are consistent with the live oil;
(6) closing the inlet end valve 12 of the core holder, opening the valves 24, 28, 23 and 27 at the two ends of the intermediate container 26 filled with the injected water and the intermediate container 25 filled with the injected gas, and opening the valves at the two ends of the three-way valve 29 to ensure that the intermediate container 26 filled with the injected water and the intermediate container 25 filled with the injected gas are in pressure communication;
(7) and opening the inlet end valve 12 of the core holder, and starting the displacement pump 21 to perform water-air alternative displacement according to the experimental requirements in a constant speed mode. When water drive is carried out, the valve 27 needs to be closed; during gas driving, the valve 28 needs to be closed;
(8) calculating the oil saturation S according to the displacement volume indication of the displacement pump 21 and the volume of the crude oil displaced in the gas-liquid separator 19oAnd under the condition that no water vapor breaks through, the volume V of the crude oil to be produced at this time is calculatedfgoOr VfwoAfter the displacement reaches the slug volume required by the experiment, closing the valve at the outlet end of the intermediate container filled with the injection fluid, and opening the valve of the intermediate container filled with the other displacement fluid;
(9) and (5) repeating the steps (7) and (8) until no crude oil enters the gas-liquid separator 19, stopping the experiment, reading the volume of the crude oil in the gas-liquid separator 19 and the volume of the gas in the gas meter 20, and calculating the recovery ratio of the crude oil.
Claims (2)
1. An experimental method for steady and alternate water and gas and accurate volume displacement of oil of a long rock core is completed by a water and gas alternate displacement experimental device, the device comprises a displacement pump, an injected water intermediate container, an injected gas intermediate container, a rock core holder, a confining pressure pump, a back pressure pump, a gas-liquid separator and a gas meter, wherein the rock core holder, the injected water intermediate container and the injected gas intermediate container are positioned in a constant temperature box, the inlet end of the core holder is respectively connected with a displacement pump through an injected water intermediate container and an injected gas intermediate container, the outlet end of the core holder is respectively connected with a back pressure pump, a gas-liquid separator and a gas meter through a back pressure valve, the core holder is connected with a confining pressure pump, two ends of the core holder are connected with pressure sensors, two ends of the injected water intermediate container and the injected gas intermediate container are both provided with valves, and is connected with the inlet end of the rock core holder through a three-way valve, and is characterized in that the method sequentially comprises the following steps:
(1) cleaning and drying the rock core, placing the rock core in a rock core holder, adjusting the temperature of a constant temperature box to the formation temperature, and vacuumizing the rock core;
(2) injecting formation water into the rock core through a displacement pump, saturating the rock core to restrict water until the pressure required by the experiment, and synchronously increasing confining pressure and back pressure until the pressure required by the experiment;
(3) displacing the degassed crude oil to the rock core in a constant speed mode through a displacement pump until no water is discharged from the gas-liquid separator, and measuring the volume of formation water in the gas-liquid separator to obtain the pore volume of the rock core;
(4) displacing the undegassed crude oil to the rock core in a constant speed mode through a displacement pump until the gas-oil ratio in the gas-liquid separator is consistent with that of the undegassed crude oil;
(5) closing the inlet end of the rock core holder, and opening valves and a three-way valve at two ends of an injected water intermediate container and an injected gas intermediate container to communicate the two intermediate containers;
(6) opening the inlet end of the core holder, and starting a displacement pump to perform water-gas alternative displacement on the core in a constant speed mode; when water drive is carried out, the three-way valve is closed and is connected with a valve of an injected gas intermediate container; when gas drive is carried out, the three-way valve is closed and connected with a valve of an injected water intermediate container;
(7) according to the displacement volume index of the displacement pump,Calculating the oil saturation S by the volume of the driven crude oil in the gas-liquid separatoroAnd the volume V of oil to be produced when the gas drive slug is solved under the condition that no water vapor breaks throughfgoOr oil volume V should be produced during water-driving slugfwoAfter the volume of the slug required by the experiment is displaced, closing the valve of the intermediate container for injecting the fluid, and opening the valve of the other intermediate container for injecting the fluid;
(8) and (5) repeating the steps (6) and (7) until no crude oil enters the gas-liquid separator, reading the oil volume in the separator and the gas volume in the gas meter, and calculating the crude oil recovery ratio.
2. The long core water-gas steady alternation and accurate volume flooding experimental method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (7), the volume of oil to be produced during gas flooding slug is calculated as follows:
the volume of oil to be produced during water flooding slug is calculated as follows:
in the formula Vfgo-oil volume to be produced at gas flooding slug;
Vfwo-the volume of oil to be produced at the time of water flooding of the slug;
Vp-core pore volume;
So-oil saturation;
Vd-slug size;
GWR-gas-water ratio;
Bo-oil volume factor.
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113607622A (en) * | 2021-08-04 | 2021-11-05 | 西南石油大学 | Experimental device and method for testing turbulence influence in water flooding process through double pipes |
| CN114658401A (en) * | 2022-04-05 | 2022-06-24 | 西南石油大学 | Experimental device and method for simulating gas injection of heterogeneous oil reservoir to improve recovery ratio |
| CN114720344A (en) * | 2022-02-25 | 2022-07-08 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Rock core displacement experimental device and method |
| CN114737933A (en) * | 2022-05-10 | 2022-07-12 | 西南石油大学 | Long core experimental device and method for simulating top gas injection gravity drive |
| CN115078355A (en) * | 2022-05-17 | 2022-09-20 | 西南石油大学 | Visualization device and method for simulating gas injection phase state characteristics of crude oil in porous medium |
| CN116498281A (en) * | 2023-05-26 | 2023-07-28 | 西安石油大学 | Device for simulating low-permeability reservoir fracturing straight well water flooding experiment |
| CN116792093A (en) * | 2023-07-25 | 2023-09-22 | 西南石油大学 | Foam composite flooding gas injection medium optimization and synchronous burial experiment device and method |
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| CN113607622A (en) * | 2021-08-04 | 2021-11-05 | 西南石油大学 | Experimental device and method for testing turbulence influence in water flooding process through double pipes |
| CN113607622B (en) * | 2021-08-04 | 2023-09-05 | 西南石油大学 | Experimental device and method for testing turbulence influence in water flooding process through double pipes |
| CN114720344A (en) * | 2022-02-25 | 2022-07-08 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Rock core displacement experimental device and method |
| CN114720344B (en) * | 2022-02-25 | 2024-04-23 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Rock core displacement experiment method |
| CN114658401A (en) * | 2022-04-05 | 2022-06-24 | 西南石油大学 | Experimental device and method for simulating gas injection of heterogeneous oil reservoir to improve recovery ratio |
| CN114737933A (en) * | 2022-05-10 | 2022-07-12 | 西南石油大学 | Long core experimental device and method for simulating top gas injection gravity drive |
| CN115078355A (en) * | 2022-05-17 | 2022-09-20 | 西南石油大学 | Visualization device and method for simulating gas injection phase state characteristics of crude oil in porous medium |
| CN115078355B (en) * | 2022-05-17 | 2024-06-14 | 西南石油大学 | Visualization device and method for simulating gas phase characteristics of crude oil injection in porous medium |
| CN116498281A (en) * | 2023-05-26 | 2023-07-28 | 西安石油大学 | Device for simulating low-permeability reservoir fracturing straight well water flooding experiment |
| CN116498281B (en) * | 2023-05-26 | 2024-02-13 | 西安石油大学 | Device for simulating low-permeability reservoir fracturing straight well water flooding experiment |
| CN116792093A (en) * | 2023-07-25 | 2023-09-22 | 西南石油大学 | Foam composite flooding gas injection medium optimization and synchronous burial experiment device and method |
| CN116792093B (en) * | 2023-07-25 | 2024-03-15 | 西南石油大学 | Foam composite flooding gas injection medium optimization and synchronous burial experiment device and method |
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Application publication date: 20210702 |