CN207560851U - A kind of shredding mechanism of the adjustable silage harvester of segment - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a chopping device of an adjustable section-cut silage harvester, which comprises: a cutter roller; The central axis of the roller is connected with the central axis of the fixed roller through a tension spring; the driving drive sprocket is coaxially installed on the forage clamping roller pair of fixed rollers; a plurality of driven sprockets are coaxial Installed on the cutter roller; variable speed tensioning sprocket, whose central axis is fixed on the harvester, and has multiple adjustment positions; variable speed support sprocket, whose central axis is fixed on the harvester; wherein, the The driving transmission sprocket, one of the multiple driven sprockets, the speed change tensioning sprocket and the speed change support sprocket are arranged on the same side and connected by a speed change transmission chain.

Description

A shredding device of a segment-adjustable silage harvester

technical field

The utility model relates to the field of agricultural and animal husbandry machinery, in particular to a chopping device of a segment-adjustable silage harvester.

Background technique

In order to meet the needs of the rapid development of animal husbandry, the land area used for cultivating silage is increasingly showing a trend of scale. A large area of silage arable land needs to be harvested within a specified time limit. It is difficult to meet the requirements of silage on feed quality, harvest timing and large-scale operation by relying on traditional manpower. The silage harvester is a kind of agricultural and animal husbandry machinery specially used for silage harvesting. This equipment has the advantages of high working efficiency, strong adaptability to silage types, and the harvested feed can be directly eaten by livestock. It is popular among farmers. Herdsmen's welcome has also greatly improved the harvesting efficiency of silage and reduced the workload of livestock feeding, which has played a positive role in promoting the large-scale operation of animal husbandry.

For the currently widely used silage harvesters, the cut length of silage is often fixed and cannot be adjusted due to the different types of feed livestock and silage, which makes the versatility and adaptability of the silage harvester worse, thereby reducing The quality of the silage and the consumption rate at one time have been improved.

Utility model content

The utility model designs and develops a chopping device of a segment-adjustable silage harvester. The utility model solves the problem of adjusting the cutter roller and forage clamping roller by adjusting different driven sprockets on the cutter roller. The transmission ratio of the fixed rollers, thus changing the cutting length of common silage harvesters.

The technical scheme provided by the utility model is:

A shredding device of a section-adjustable silage harvester, comprising:

Cutter roller;

Forage pinching rollers are paired with fixed rollers, the central axis of which is fixed on the harvester;

The driving drive sprocket is coaxially installed on the pair of fixed rollers of the forage clamping roller;

a driven sprocket coaxially mounted on the cutter roller;

variable speed tensioning sprocket, the central axis of which is fixed on the harvester and has multiple adjustment positions;

Variable speed support sprocket, the central axis of which is fixed on the harvester;

Wherein, the driving transmission sprocket, one of the plurality of driven sprockets, the variable speed tensioning sprocket and the variable speed support sprocket are arranged on the same side, and are connected by a variable speed transmission chain;

There are 3 driven sprockets, which are divided into the first driven sprocket, the second driven sprocket and the third driven sprocket. The central axis of the variable speed tensioning sprocket has 3 adjustment positions, divided into being the first position, the second position and the third position;

When the central axis of the variable speed tensioning sprocket is at the first position, the driving transmission sprocket and the first driven sprocket are connected through the variable speed transmission chain;

When the central axis of the variable speed tensioning sprocket is located at the second position, the driving transmission sprocket and the second driven sprocket are connected through the variable speed transmission chain;

When the central axis of the variable speed tensioning sprocket is at the third position, the driving transmission sprocket and the third driven sprocket are connected through the variable speed transmission chain.

Preferably, it also includes: forage pinching roller pair floating roller, the central axis of which is connected with the central axis of the fixed roller through a tension spring.

Preferably, it further includes: a chain guide slot, which is installed parallel to the driven sprocket, and the speed change transmission chain slides in the chain guide slot along the radial direction inside the slot.

Preferably, it also includes:

Forage feeding roller pair lower roller, which has the central axis of forage feeding roller pair lower roller, and the first transmission sprocket is arranged on one side;

Forage feeding roller pair upper roller, which has a central axis of forage feeding roller pair upper roller, and a second transmission sprocket is arranged on one side;

Wherein, the first transmission sprocket and the second transmission sprocket are arranged on the same side and connected by a first transmission chain.

Preferably, the forage feeding roller is provided with a third transmission sprocket on one side of the central axis of the lower roller, and the fourth transmission sprocket is provided on the central axis side of the forage clamping roller of the fixed roller;

Wherein, the third transmission sprocket and the fourth transmission sprocket are arranged on the same side, connected by a second transmission chain, and the first transmission sprocket and the third transmission sprocket are coaxially arranged.

Preferably, it also includes:

supporting sprocket;

tensioning sprocket;

The forage clamping roller is provided with the fifth transmission sprocket on one side of the central axis of the floating roller, and the sixth transmission sprocket is provided on the one side of the central axis of the fixed roller of the forage clamping roller;

Wherein, the supporting sprocket, the tensioning sprocket, the fifth transmission sprocket and the sixth transmission sprocket are arranged on the same side, connected by a third transmission chain, and the fourth transmission sprocket and the sixth transmission sprocket The sixth drive sprocket is set coaxially.

Preferably, the number of gears of the plurality of driven sprockets increases from inside to outside.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the beneficial effects: the utility model designs the transmission device of the cutter roller of the silage harvester as a speed change device whose speed ratio can be changed within a certain range, so that the cut length of the silage It can be selected step by step in a length sequence, which enhances the versatility and adaptability of the silage harvester to different livestock and various silage.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the operating system of the segment-adjustable silage harvester.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the chain speed change transmission device of the forage feeding system and the chopping system.

Detailed ways

The utility model will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, so that those skilled in the art can implement it by referring to the description.

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the utility model provides a chopping device of a segment-adjustable silage harvester, and the forage feeding system of the silage harvester and the transmission device of the chopping system are designed so that the speed ratio can be Step-by-step adjustable speed change device, under the same forage feeding speed, the rotation speed of cutter roller 140 can be adjusted step by step within a certain range, so that the cutting length of the silage harvester can be adjusted step by step within a certain range , Enhance the versatility and adaptability of the silage harvester to different livestock and different feeds.

The utility model provides a section-adjustable shredding device for a silage harvester, mainly comprising: forage clamping roller pair fixed roller 120, forage clamping roller pair floating roller 130, cutter roller 140, drive sprocket , driven sprocket group, variable speed tensioning sprocket and variable speed supporting sprocket; Wherein, the forage clamping roller is fixed to the central axis 121 of the fixed roller and the harvester, and the central axis 131 of the forage clamping roller is passed through the tension spring 520 to the floating roller It is connected with the center shaft 121 of the forage clamping roller pair of fixed rollers; the transmission device between the forage feeding system and the chopping system of the silage harvester is designed as a speed change device, so that the forage clamping roller pair of fixed rollers 120 and the cutter roller The speed ratio of 140 can be changed within a certain range, so that the cutting length of the silage harvester can be adjusted within a certain range to meet the requirements of different livestock and various silages on the cutting length; the silage harvesting machine of the utility model The power of machine is input from the fodder clamping roller to the fixed roller central axis 121, and drives the operating system, and all the other working devices of the operating system are all obtained power from the forage clamping roller to the fixed roller central axis 121. Except that the transmission mechanism for driving the cutter roller 140 adopts a variable-speed chain transmission device, the rest of the transmission mechanisms of the operating system all adopt a chain transmission device with a fixed speed ratio.

The transmission system that drives the cutter roller 140 includes a chain transmission that the rotational speed ratio can be adjusted step by step. The driven sprocket group on the cutter roller central shaft 141, the variable speed support sprocket 210 installed on the variable speed support sprocket central shaft 211, the variable speed tension sprocket installed on the position adjustable variable speed tension sprocket central shaft 220 and the transmission chain 440 that connects the above transmission sprockets; wherein, the driven sprocket set includes the first variable speed sprocket 230, the second variable speed sprocket 240 and the third variable speed sprocket 250 and other variable speed sprockets; According to the different corresponding positions of the first variable speed sprocket 230, the second variable speed sprocket 240 and the third variable speed sprocket 250, the central axis of the tensioning sprocket can be the first position 221a of the central axis of the variable speed tensioning sprocket, the center of the variable speed tensioning sprocket. Shaft second position 221b and transmission tensioner sprocket center shaft position 221c.

The chain guide groove 450 opens towards the center of the transmission chain 440 and is installed parallel to the first transmission sprocket 230 , the second transmission sprocket 240 or the third transmission sprocket 250 . The chain guide groove 450 can move laterally for a certain distance under the action of the speed change control mechanism, and is just in a plane with the speed change gear intended to be engaged; The variable speed sprocket is switched to the variable speed sprocket to be engaged; the change of the required transmission chain length due to the switching of the variable speed sprocket is caused by the central axis of the variable speed tensioning sprocket at the first position 221a of the central axis of the variable speed tensioning sprocket. Switch between the second position 221b of the central axis of the sprocket and the third position 221c of the central axis of the variable speed tensioning sprocket to compensate for the slack or insufficient length caused by the change of the chain length, so that the transmission chain 440 always maintains a tensioned transmission state. Due to the lateral movement of the chain guide groove 450, the number of teeth of the variable speed sprocket actually participating in the transmission changes, that is, the switching of the variable speed sprocket in the driven sprocket set causes the number of teeth of the driven transmission sprocket to participate in the transmission to change, while the driving transmission sprocket 260 The number of teeth participating in the transmission remains unchanged, so the speed ratio of the chain transmission also changes accordingly, and the transformation of the speed ratio changes step by step according to the preset measurement sequence.

According to the above-mentioned speed change principle, when the chain guide groove 450 reduces the number of teeth of the variable speed sprocket that enters the mesh, the speed ratio of the chain drive decreases, and the speed ratio of the forage clamping roller fixing roller 120 and the grass cutting roller 140 decreases, and the silage is harvested. The cut section length of the machine decreases; when the chain guide groove 450 increases the number of teeth of the variable speed sprocket that enters the mesh, the speed ratio of the chain drive increases, and the speed ratio of the forage clamping roller fixing roller 120 and the grass cutting roller 140 increases. The cut length of the silage harvester has been increased.

The relationship between the cutting length and the speed ratio is as follows: In the formula, l is the length of the cut section of silage, i _k is the speed ratio of the forage clamping roller to the fixed roller and the cutter roller, k=1, 2..., r ₁ is the speed of the fixed roller in the forage clamping roller pair Radius, N is the number of blades on one week of cutter roller; Wherein, n ₁ is the speed of the forage clamping roller to the fixed roller, n ₂ is the speed of the cutter roller, z _DN-k is the number of teeth of the transmission sprocket, k=1,2,..., z _DR is the number of teeth of the driving sprocket The formula of cutting section length and rotating speed ratio has reflected the relation that the silage cutting section length l changes with forage material clamping roller to fixed roller 120 and cutter roller 140 rotational speed ratio i _k , forage material clamping roller is to the radius r of fixed roller 120 ₁ and the number N of blades of the cutter roller 140 are the structural parameters of the silage harvester operating system. Once determined, they cannot be changed during operation, but can be changed through the lateral movement of the chain guide groove 450. The variable speed sprocket that enters the mesh , that is to change the number of teeth z _DN-k of the variable speed sprocket involved in the transmission, and then change the speed ratio _ik of the forage clamping roller to the fixed roller 120 and the cutter roller 140, so that the speed ratio can be changed step by step within a certain range, so the silage The length of the feed cuts can also have a selected sequence.

The operating system of the silage harvester adopts three transmission chains 410, 420, 430 and six transmission sprockets 310, 320, 330, 340, 350, 360 to drive the corresponding rotating shafts 111a, 111b, 121, 131, 141, and then drive Corresponding rollers 110a, 110b, 120, 130 and cutter roller 140 and other attachments are running; the forage feeding roller is to the lower roller 110a, which has the forage feeding roller to the lower roller central axis 111a, and the first transmission is set on one side Sprocket 310; Forage feeding roller is paired with upper roller 110b, and it has forage feeding roller and is paired with upper roller central axis 111b, and second transmission sprocket 320 is set on one side, wherein, first transmission sprocket 310 and second transmission chain Wheel 320 is arranged on the same side, connected by the first transmission chain 410; the third transmission sprocket 330 is set on the side of the forage feed roller to the lower roller central axis 111a, and the forage clamping roller is set to the first fixed roller central axis 121 side. Four transmission sprockets 440, wherein the third transmission sprocket 330 and the fourth transmission sprocket 340 are arranged on the same side, connected by the second transmission chain 420, and the first transmission sprocket 310 and the third transmission sprocket 330 are coaxially arranged The forage clamping roller is provided with the fifth drive sprocket 350 on one side of the floating roller central axis 131, and the sixth transmission sprocket 360 is set on the one side of the forage clamping roller on the fixed roller central axis 121, wherein the forage clamping system supports the sprocket 170. The forage clamping system tensioning sprocket 180, the fifth transmission sprocket 350 and the sixth transmission sprocket 360 are set on the same side, connected by the third transmission chain 430, the fourth transmission sprocket 340 and the sixth transmission sprocket 360 Coaxial setting; forage pinch roller pair fixed roller central axis 121 is the power input shaft of the whole silage harvester operating system; , the two central shafts 121, 131 transmit power through the third transmission chain 430 with adjustable wheelbase, and the transmission chain passes through four transmission sprockets 350, 170, 180, 360, of which, two On the central shafts 121, 131, power is transmitted to the forage clamping rollers, and the tensioning sprocket 180 and the support sprocket 170 jointly play the role of tensioning the third drive chain 430. When the distance between the forage clamping rollers increases When the tension sprocket 180 moves outward under the tension of the clamped forage, otherwise it moves inward under the tension of the tension spring 520, no matter how the distance between the forage clamping roller central axis 121, 131 changes, It can always make the drive sprockets 350, 360 on the two central shafts 121, 131 and the drive chain 430 have sufficient tightness to ensure stable power transmission between the clamping roller pairs.

Specifically, the chain speed change transmission device in the present embodiment is made up of driving transmission sprocket 260, driven speed change sprocket set (comprising: first speed change sprocket 230, second speed change sprocket 240, the 3rd speed change sprocket 250) , variable speed support sprocket 210, variable speed tensioning sprocket 220, drive chain 440 and chain guide groove 450 constitute; Wherein, driving drive sprocket 260 is connected with forage clamping roller to fixed roller center shaft 121 coaxially, the first variable speed chain Wheel 230, the second variable speed sprocket 240 and the third variable speed sprocket 250 are connected side by side with the cutter roller central shaft 141 coaxially, the variable speed support sprocket 210 is installed on the variable speed support sprocket central shaft 211, and the axis is fixed on the body , the variable speed tensioning sprocket 220 is installed on the central shaft of the variable speed tensioning sprocket, when the first variable speed sprocket 230, the second variable speed sprocket 240 or the third variable speed sprocket 250 participates in the transmission, the tensioning sprocket central shaft will Fixed on the first position 221a of the central axis of the variable speed tensioning sprocket, the second position 221b of the central axis of the variable speed tensioning sprocket, or the position 221c of the central axis of the variable speed tensioning sprocket, so that the transmission chain 440 can always be kept in a tensioned power transmission state , the opening of the chain guide groove 450 faces the center of the transmission chain 440, and is installed in parallel with the first speed change sprocket 230, the second speed change sprocket 240 or the third speed change sprocket 250, and the chain guide groove 450 can Laterally offset, the position of the chain guide groove 450 is just in the same plane as the first speed change sprocket 230, the second speed change sprocket 240 or the third speed change sprocket 250, under the guidance of the chain guide groove 450, the transmission chain can move from the current The variable speed sprocket is disengaged and engaged with the variable speed sprocket to be meshed to realize the switching of the speed ratio of the forage clamping roller to the fixed roller 120 and the cutter roller 140, thereby adjusting the section length of the silage harvester.

In the utility model, the forage clamping roller pair of the silage harvester is designed as a floating type, and the roller pair is connected by a tension spring 430; one of the two rollers of the forage clamping roller pair is a fixed roller, and The position of the central axis is fixed on the silage harvester; the other roller is a floating roller, and the distance between the central axis of the central axis and the fixed roller can be changed with the amount of forage fed per unit time. The central axis distance is determined by the balance between the elastic force of the spring and the tension of the clamped grass.

The operating system of the silage harvester also includes a material receiving bottom plate 510 located below the cutter roller 140 for accepting the broken grass cut off by the cutter roller 140 . It also includes a tempered front roll 150a installed on the tempered front roll central axis 151a and a tempered rear roll 150b installed on the tempered roll central axis 151b, the tempered front roll 150a and the tempered rear roll 150b are installed in parallel, The rotating speed of the pre-conditioning roller 150a is higher than that of the post-conditioning roller 150b, relying on the difference in rotating speed to further pulverize the forage. Also comprise the blast roller 160 that is installed on the blast roller central axis 161, function is that the forage after conditioning is sent into forage collecting device.

A control strategy for adjusting the length of silage cut section of the utility model is as follows:

When it is desired to shorten the cutting length of the silage harvester, it is necessary to move the chain guide groove 450 to the direction of the variable speed sprocket with a smaller number of teeth, so as to reduce the speed ratio of the chain drive, that is, to reduce the forage clamping roller pair. The rotational speed ratio of the roller 120 and the cutter roller 140 further satisfies the control requirement that the cut section length of the silage becomes shorter.

When it is desired to lengthen the section length of the silage harvester, it is necessary to move the chain guide groove 450 to the direction of the variable speed sprocket with a larger number of teeth, so as to increase the speed ratio of the chain drive, that is, to increase the forage clamping roller to the fixed roller 120 and the ratio of the rotational speed of cutter roller 140, and then satisfy the control requirement that the silage cutting section length increases.

Although the embodiment of the present utility model has been disclosed as above, it is not limited to the use listed in the description and the implementation, and it can be applied to various fields suitable for the present utility model. For those familiar with the art, Further modifications can be readily effected, so the invention is not limited to the specific details and examples shown and described herein without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims (7)

1. A chopping device of an adjustable silage harvester, characterized in that, comprising: Cutter roller; Forage pinching rollers are paired with fixed rollers, the central axis of which is fixed on the harvester; The driving drive sprocket is coaxially installed on the pair of fixed rollers of the forage clamping roller; a driven sprocket coaxially mounted on the cutter roller; variable speed tensioning sprocket, the central axis of which is fixed on the harvester and has multiple adjustment positions; Variable speed support sprocket, the central axis of which is fixed on the harvester; Wherein, the driving transmission sprocket, one of the plurality of driven sprockets, the variable speed tensioning sprocket and the variable speed support sprocket are arranged on the same side, and are connected by a variable speed transmission chain; There are 3 driven sprockets, which are divided into the first driven sprocket, the second driven sprocket and the third driven sprocket. The central axis of the variable speed tensioning sprocket has 3 adjustment positions, divided into being the first position, the second position and the third position; When the central axis of the variable speed tensioning sprocket is at the first position, the driving transmission sprocket and the first driven sprocket are connected through the variable speed transmission chain; When the central axis of the variable speed tensioning sprocket is located at the second position, the driving transmission sprocket and the second driven sprocket are connected through the variable speed transmission chain; When the central axis of the variable speed tensioning sprocket is at the third position, the driving transmission sprocket and the third driven sprocket are connected through the variable speed transmission chain. 2. The chopping device of the section-adjustable silage harvester as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, also comprises: forage clamping roller is pair of floating roller, and its central axis passes tension spring and described fixed roller Central shaft connection. 3. The chopping device of the section-adjustable silage harvester as claimed in claim 2, further comprising: a chain guide groove, which is installed in parallel with the driven sprocket, and the variable speed transmission chain is The chain slides in the guide groove along the radial direction in the groove. 4. The chopping device of the section adjustable silage harvester as claimed in claim 2 or 3, is characterized in that, also comprises: Forage feeding roller pair lower roller, which has the central axis of forage feeding roller pair lower roller, and the first transmission sprocket is arranged on one side; Forage feeding roller pair upper roller, which has a central axis of forage feeding roller pair upper roller, and a second transmission sprocket is arranged on one side; Wherein, the first transmission sprocket and the second transmission sprocket are arranged on the same side and connected by a first transmission chain. 5. The chopping device of the section-adjustable silage harvester as claimed in claim 4, wherein a third transmission sprocket is arranged on one side of the central axis of the forage feeding roller pair of the lower roller, and the forage is clamped The fourth transmission sprocket is arranged on the side of the central axis of the fixed roller of the roller pair; Wherein, the third transmission sprocket and the fourth transmission sprocket are arranged on the same side, connected by a second transmission chain, and the first transmission sprocket and the third transmission sprocket are coaxially arranged. 6. The chopping device of the section-adjustable silage harvester as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that, also comprises: supporting sprocket; tensioning sprocket; The forage clamping roller is provided with the fifth transmission sprocket on one side of the central axis of the floating roller, and the sixth transmission sprocket is provided on the one side of the central axis of the fixed roller of the forage clamping roller; Wherein, the supporting sprocket, the tensioning sprocket, the fifth transmission sprocket and the sixth transmission sprocket are arranged on the same side, connected by a third transmission chain, and the fourth transmission sprocket and the sixth transmission sprocket The sixth drive sprocket is set coaxially. 7. The shredding device of the segment-adjustable silage harvester according to claim 6, wherein the number of gears of the plurality of driven sprockets increases from inside to outside.