CN207560853U - A kind of shredding mechanism of staple fiber ppd stepless adjustable silage harvester - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a chopping device of a steplessly adjustable silage harvester, which comprises: a cutter roller; a forage clamping roller pair of fixed rollers, the central axis of which is fixed on the harvester; forage clamping The roller is a pair of floating rollers, the central axis of which is connected to the central axis of the fixed roller through a tension spring; the driving pulley includes a fixed cone wheel, a movable cone wheel and an actuating device; the movable cone wheel is connected to the The forage pinching roller is coaxially connected to the central axis of the fixed roller; the driven pulley includes a fixed cone wheel, a movable cone wheel and an actuating device; the fixed cone wheel is coaxial with the central axis of the cutter roller Connection; wherein, the movable cone wheel can move along the axis under the action of the actuating device, thereby changing the working radius of the driving pulley or the driven pulley.

Description

A chopping device of a steplessly adjustable silage harvester

technical field

The utility model relates to the field of agricultural and animal husbandry machinery, in particular to a chopping device of a steplessly adjustable silage harvester.

Background technique

In order to meet the needs of the rapid development of animal husbandry, the land area used for cultivating silage is increasingly showing a trend of scale. A large area of silage arable land needs to be harvested within a specified time limit. It is difficult to meet the requirements of silage on feed quality, harvest timing and large-scale operation by relying on traditional manpower. The silage harvester is a kind of agricultural and animal husbandry machinery specially used for silage harvesting. This equipment has the advantages of high working efficiency, strong adaptability to silage types, and the harvested feed can be directly eaten by livestock. It is popular among farmers. Herdsmen's welcome has also greatly improved the harvesting efficiency of silage and reduced the workload of livestock feeding, which has played a positive role in promoting the large-scale operation of animal husbandry.

At present, the cutting length of widely used silage harvesters is often fixed and cannot be adjusted due to the different types of feed livestock and silage, which makes the versatility and adaptability of the silage harvester worse, thereby reducing the quality of silage. The quality and one-time consumption rate.

Utility model content

The utility model designs and develops a chopping device of a segment-adjustable silage harvester. The utility model solves the problem of using the driving pulley and the driven pulley on the cutter roller and the forage clamping roller on the fixed roller. The transmission ratio is adjusted to change the cutting length of the ordinary silage harvester.

The technical scheme provided by the utility model is:

A chopping device of a steplessly adjustable silage harvester, comprising:

Cutter roller;

Forage pinching rollers are paired with fixed rollers, the central axis of which is fixed on the harvester;

Forage pinching rollers are paired with floating rollers, the central axis of which is connected to the central axis of the fixed roller through a tension spring;

The driving pulley comprises a fixed cone wheel, a movable cone wheel and an actuating device; the movable cone wheel is coaxially connected with the central axis of the forage clamping roller to the fixed roller;

The driven pulley includes a fixed cone wheel, a movable cone wheel and an actuating device; the fixed cone wheel is coaxially connected with the central axis of the cutter roller;

Wherein, the movable cone wheel can move along the axis under the action of the actuating device, thereby changing the working radius of the driving pulley or the driven pulley; the driving pulley and the driven pulley The power is transmitted between the pulleys through the transmission belt.

Preferably, it also includes:

Forage feeding roller pair lower roller, which has the central axis of forage feeding roller pair lower roller, and the first transmission sprocket is arranged on one side;

Forage feeding roller pair upper roller, which has a central axis of forage feeding roller pair upper roller, and a second transmission sprocket is arranged on one side;

Wherein, the first transmission sprocket and the second transmission sprocket are arranged on the same side and connected by a first transmission chain.

Preferably, the forage feeding roller is provided with a third transmission sprocket on one side of the central axis of the lower roller, and the fourth transmission sprocket is provided on the central axis side of the forage clamping roller of the fixed roller;

Wherein, the third transmission sprocket and the fourth transmission sprocket are arranged on the same side, connected by a second transmission chain, and the first transmission sprocket and the third transmission sprocket are coaxially arranged.

Preferably, it also includes:

supporting sprocket;

tensioning sprocket;

The forage clamping roller is provided with the fifth transmission sprocket on one side of the central axis of the floating roller, and the sixth transmission sprocket is provided on the one side of the central axis of the fixed roller of the forage clamping roller;

Wherein, the supporting sprocket, the tensioning sprocket, the fifth transmission sprocket and the sixth transmission sprocket are arranged on the same side, connected by a third transmission chain, and the fourth transmission sprocket and the sixth transmission sprocket The sixth drive sprocket is set coaxially.

Preferably, when the actuating device of the driving pulley makes the movable cone pulley approach the fixed cone pulley, the working radius of the driving pulley increases; and

When the actuating device of the driving pulley makes the movable cone pulley move away from the fixed cone pulley, the working radius of the driving pulley decreases.

Preferably, when the actuating device of the driven pulley makes the movable cone pulley approach the fixed cone pulley, the working radius of the driven pulley increases; and

When the actuating device of the driven pulley makes the movable cone pulley away from the fixed cone pulley, the working radius of the driven pulley decreases.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the beneficial effects: the utility model designs the transmission device of the cutter roller of the silage harvester as a stepless speed change device whose speed ratio can be continuously changed within a certain range, so that the silage The cutting length can be adjusted arbitrarily within a certain range, which enhances the versatility and adaptability of the silage harvester to different livestock and various silage.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the operating system of the segment-adjustable silage harvester.

Detailed ways

The utility model will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, so that those skilled in the art can implement it by referring to the description.

As shown in Figure 1, the utility model provides a chopping device of a steplessly adjustable silage harvester, the forage feeding system of the silage harvester and the transmission mechanism of the chopping system are designed so that the speed ratio Adjustable stepless speed change device, under the same forage feeding speed, the rotation speed of the cutter roller 140 can be continuously adjusted within a certain range, so that the cutting length of the silage harvester can be adjusted steplessly, and the silage harvesting can be enhanced The versatility and adaptability of the machine to different livestock and different feeds.

The utility model provides a chopping device of a steplessly adjustable silage harvester, which mainly includes: forage clamping roller pair fixed roller 120, forage clamping roller pair floating roller 130, cutter roller 140, active Pulley and driven pulley, forage pinch roller pair of fixed roller center shaft 121 is the power input shaft of operation system, and forage material pinch roller pair of fixed roller center shaft 121 obtains power from power source, and all the other working devices of operation system get power from forage The driving force obtained by the clamping roller to the fixed roller central axis 121, the driving pulley of the continuously variable transmission device is coaxial with the forage clamping roller of the silage harvester to the fixed roller 120, and the driven pulley of the continuously variable transmission is connected to the silage The cutter roller 140 of the harvester is coaxial, and through the adjustment of the speed ratio of the continuously variable transmission device, the adjustment of the speed ratio of the forage clamping roller to the fixed roller 120 and the cutter roller 140 is realized, thereby adjusting the length of the cut section of the silage; The central axis 121 of the clamping roller pair of fixed rollers is fixed with the harvester, and the central axis 131 of the forage clamping roller pair of floating rollers is connected with the central axis 121 of the central axis 121 of the forage clamping roller pair of fixed rollers by the tension spring 420; Except for the continuously variable transmission device, the rest of the transmission devices in the operating system are chain devices with fixed speed ratios.

The transmission device between the forage feeding system and the chopping system of the silage harvester is designed as a stepless transmission device, so that the speed ratio of the forage clamping roller to the fixed roller 120 and the cutter roller 140 can be continuously changed within a certain range. Thus, the cutting length of the silage harvester can be adjusted arbitrarily within a certain range to meet the requirements of different livestock and various silages on the cutting length.

The continuously variable transmission device for driving the cutter roller 140 adopts a variable pitch circle belt transmission device, and the variable pitch circular belt transmission device is composed of a driving pulley, a driven pulley and a transmission belt 540, wherein: the driving pulley and the driven pulley are composed of Composed of two opposite cone wheels, the working radius of the two cone wheels moving towards each other increases, and the working radius of the two cone wheels moving away from each other decreases, and the increase or decrease of the working radius is controlled by the actuator installed next to the movable cone wheel . Under the constraints of the fixed length of the transmission belt 540, by coordinating the control of the working radius of the driving pulley and the working radius of the driven pulley, it is possible to adjust the pair of forage pinching rollers coaxial with the driving pulley to the fixed roller 120 and the same as the driving pulley. The speed ratio of the cutter roller 140 of the shaft can be continuously changed within a certain range, and then the length of the silage cut section can be adjusted steplessly.

The relationship between the cutting length and the speed ratio is as follows: In the formula, l is the length of the cut section of silage; i is the speed ratio of the forage clamping roller pair to the fixed roller and the cutter roller; r ₁ is the radius of the fixed roller in the forage clamping roller pair; number of blades; where, n ₁ is the rotation speed of the forage clamping roller to the fixed roller; n ₂ is the rotation speed of the cutter roller; R _DR is the working radius of the driving pulley; R _DN is the working radius of the driven pulley; formula (1) reflects the The relationship between segment length l and the change in speed ratio i of the forage clamping roller to the fixed roller 120 and the cutter roller 140, the radius r ₁ of the forage clamping roller to the fixed roller 120 and the blade number N of the cutter roller 140 for a week is silage harvesting Once the structural parameters of the machine operating system are determined, they cannot be changed during operation. The only thing that can be changed is the working radius of the driving pulley and the driven pulley. The distance of the fixed cone wheel changes, and the working radius of the pulley changes due to it, thereby changing the speed ratio i of the forage clamping roller to the fixed roller 120 and the cutter roller 140, and the speed ratio can be continuously changed within a certain range, so the silage The length of the feed section can also be adjusted steplessly within a certain range.

The operating system of the silage harvester adopts three transmission chains 310, 320, 330, 340 and six transmission sprockets 210, 220, 230, 240, 250, 260, 270, 280 to drive the corresponding rotating shafts 111a, 111b, 121, 131,141, and then drive corresponding roller 110a, 110b, 120,130 and cutter roller 140 and other ancillary device operation; Forage feeding roller is to lower roller 110a, and it has forage feeding roller and lower roller central axis 111a, in One side is provided with the first transmission sprocket 210; the fodder feeding roller is to the upper roller 110b, which has the fodder feeding roller to the upper roller central axis 111b, and the second transmission sprocket 220 is set on one side, wherein the first transmission sprocket 210 and the second transmission sprocket 220 are set on the same side, connected by the first transmission chain 310; the third transmission sprocket 230 is set on the side of the forage feeding roller to the lower roller central axis 111a, and the forage clamping roller is fixed to the center of the roller. A fourth transmission sprocket 240 is arranged on one side of the shaft 121, wherein the third transmission sprocket 230 and the fourth transmission sprocket 240 are arranged on the same side, connected by the second transmission chain 320, and the first transmission sprocket 210 and the third transmission sprocket The sprocket 230 is coaxially arranged; the forage clamping roller is provided with the fifth transmission sprocket 250 on one side of the floating roller central axis 131, and the forage clamping roller is provided with the sixth transmission sprocket 260 on one side of the fixed roller central axis 121, wherein the forage The clamping system support sprocket 170, the forage clamping system tensioning sprocket 180, the fifth transmission sprocket 250 and the sixth transmission sprocket 260 are arranged on the same side, connected by the third transmission chain 330, the fourth transmission sprocket 240 and the sixth transmission sprocket The sixth transmission sprocket 260 is coaxially arranged; the forage clamping roller is the power input shaft of the whole silage harvester operating system to the fixed roller central axis 121, and is connected with the output shaft of the operating system speed change transmission device 510; in this embodiment , as a preference, in order to adapt to the floating characteristics of the forage clamping roller pair, the two central shafts 121, 131 transmit power through the third transmission chain 330 with adjustable wheelbase, and the transmission chain passes through four transmission sprockets 250 , 170, 180, 260, wherein, two are respectively installed on the center shaft 121,131 of pinch roller, transmits power to forage pinch roller, tensioning sprocket 180 and supporting sprocket 170 play tensioning third The effect of the transmission chain 330, when the distance between the forage clamping roller pair increases, the tension sprocket 180 moves outward under the tension of the clamped forage, otherwise it moves inward under the tension of the tension spring 430 , no matter how the distance between the central shafts 121, 131 of the forage clamping rollers changes, the transmission sprockets 250, 260 on the two central shafts 121, 131 and the transmission chain 330 can always have sufficient tightness, ensuring Stable power transmission between pinch roller pairs.

The operating system of the silage harvester also includes a material receiving bottom plate 510 located below the cutter roller 140 for accepting the broken grass cut off by the cutter roller 140 . It also includes a tempered front roll 150a installed on the tempered front roll central axis 151a and a tempered rear roll 150b installed on the tempered roll central axis 151b, the tempered front roll 150a and the tempered rear roll 150b are installed in parallel, The rotating speed of the pre-conditioning roller 150a is higher than that of the post-conditioning roller 150b, relying on the difference in rotating speed to further pulverize the forage. Also comprise the blast roller 160 that is installed on the blast roller central axis 161, function is that the forage after conditioning is sent into forage collecting device.

In the utility model, the forage clamping roller pair of the silage harvester is designed as a floating type, and the roller pair is connected by a tension spring 430; one of the two rollers of the forage clamping roller pair is a fixed roller, and The position of the central axis is fixed on the silage harvester; the other roller is a floating roller, and the distance between the central axis of the central axis and the fixed roller can be changed with the amount of forage fed per unit time. The central axis distance is determined by the balance between the elastic force of the spring and the tension of the clamped grass.

Specifically, the characteristics of this embodiment are mainly reflected in that the transmission device between the forage pinch roller pair fixed roller 120 and the cutter roller 140 of the silage harvester operating device is a continuously variable transmission device, and the speed ratio between the two rollers is It can be changed continuously within a certain range.

The continuously variable transmission device in this embodiment is a pitch circle adjustable belt transmission device, and the belt transmission device is composed of a driving pulley, a driven pulley and a transmission belt 540 . The driving pulley is composed of a fixed cone wheel 510 and a movable cone wheel 520. The movable cone wheel 520 of the driving pulley can move along the axis under the action of the driving cone wheel actuator 530, thereby changing the working radius of the driving pulley. When the driving cone wheel actuator 530 makes the driving pulley movable cone wheel 520 approach to the driving pulley fixed cone wheel 510, the working radius of the driving pulley increases; when the driving cone wheel actuator 530 makes the driving pulley movable cone When the wheel 520 moves away from the fixed cone wheel 510 of the driving pulley, the working radius of the driving pulley decreases. The driven pulley is composed of a fixed bevel wheel 550 and a movable bevel pulley 560. The movable bevel pulley 560 of the driven pulley can move along the axis under the action of the driven bevel pulley actuator 570, thereby changing the work of the driven pulley. radius. When the driven bevel actuator 570 makes the driven pulley movable bevel 560 close to the driven pulley fixed bevel 550, the working radius of the driven pulley increases; When the movable cone pulley 560 of the driving pulley moves away from the fixed cone pulley 550 of the driven pulley, the working radius of the driven pulley decreases.

The change of the working radius of the driving pulley and the driven pulley is also limited by the fixed-length constraint of the driving belt 540, that is, when the working radius of the driving pulley increases, the working radius of the driven pulley must decrease, or the working radius of the driven pulley must decrease. As the radius increases, the working radius of the driving pulley must decrease, and its increase or decrease is constrained by the fixed length of the drive belt 540 . When the operating radius of the driving pulley increases and the operating radius of the driven pulley decreases, the speed ratio of the forage clamping roller to the fixed roller 120 and the cutter roller 140 becomes smaller, and the section length of the silage decreases; when the active The working radius of pulley decreases, and when the working radius of driven pulley increases, the speed ratio of forage pinching roller to fixed roller 120 and cutter roller 140 becomes larger, and the section length of silage increases.

As shown in Figure 1, the working process of the chopping device of a steplessly adjustable silage harvester of the utility model is as follows:

When it is desired that the cutting length of the silage harvester be shortened, it is necessary to reduce the speed ratio of the forage clamping roller pair fixed roller 120 to the cutter roller 140, that is, it is required to increase the speed of the cutter roller 140 or reduce the forage clamping roller pair. The rotating speed of the fixed roller 120, by increasing the working radius of the driving pulley, reduces the working radius of the driven pulley at the same time, that is, controlling the actuating device 530 next to the movable cone pulley 520 of the driving pulley to make the two cone pulleys move toward each other At the same time, the driving device 570 next to the movable cone wheel 560 of the driven pulley is controlled to make the two cone wheels move away from each other. Strict restrictions to meet the control requirements for shortening the length of silage cut sections.

When it is desired that the cut section length of the silage harvester becomes longer, it is necessary to increase the speed ratio of the forage clamping roller to the fixed roller 120 and the cutter roller 140, that is, it is required to reduce the speed of the cutter roller 140 or to increase the forage clamping roller to fix the forage. The rotating speed of the roller 120, by reducing the working radius of the driving pulley, increases the working radius of the driven pulley at the same time, that is, controlling the actuating device 530 next to the movable cone pulley 520 of the driving pulley to make the two cone pulleys move away from each other At the same time, the driving device 570 next to the movable cone wheel 560 of the driven pulley is controlled to make the two cone wheels move toward each other. Strictly limit to meet the control requirements of increasing the length of silage cutting.

Although the embodiment of the present utility model has been disclosed as above, it is not limited to the use listed in the description and the implementation, and it can be applied to various fields suitable for the present utility model. For those familiar with the art, Further modifications can be readily effected, so the invention is not limited to the specific details and examples shown and described herein without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims (6)

1. A chopping device of a steplessly adjustable silage harvester, characterized in that it comprises: Cutter roller; Forage pinching rollers are paired with fixed rollers, the central axis of which is fixed on the harvester; Forage pinching rollers are paired with floating rollers, the central axis of which is connected to the central axis of the fixed roller through a tension spring; The driving pulley comprises a fixed cone wheel, a movable cone wheel and an actuating device; the movable cone wheel is coaxially connected with the central axis of the forage clamping roller to the fixed roller; The driven pulley includes a fixed cone wheel, a movable cone wheel and an actuating device; the fixed cone wheel is coaxially connected with the central axis of the cutter roller; Wherein, the movable cone wheel can move along the axis under the action of the actuating device, thereby changing the working radius of the driving pulley or the driven pulley; the driving pulley and the driven pulley The power is transmitted between the pulleys through the transmission belt. 2. The chopping device of the steplessly adjustable silage harvester of cut section length as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, also comprises: Forage feeding roller pair lower roller, which has the central axis of forage feeding roller pair lower roller, and the first transmission sprocket is arranged on one side; Forage feeding roller pair upper roller, which has a central axis of forage feeding roller pair upper roller, and a second transmission sprocket is arranged on one side; Wherein, the first transmission sprocket and the second transmission sprocket are arranged on the same side and connected by a first transmission chain. 3. The chopping device of the steplessly adjustable silage harvester of cutting length as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that, the third drive sprocket is arranged on one side of the forage feeding roller to the central axis of the lower roller, and the The fourth transmission sprocket is arranged on one side of the central axis of the forage clamping roller to the fixed roller; Wherein, the third transmission sprocket and the fourth transmission sprocket are arranged on the same side, connected by a second transmission chain, and the first transmission sprocket and the third transmission sprocket are coaxially arranged. 4. The chopping device of the steplessly adjustable silage harvester of cut section length as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that, also comprises: supporting sprocket; tensioning sprocket; The forage clamping roller is provided with the fifth transmission sprocket on one side of the central axis of the floating roller, and the sixth transmission sprocket is provided on the one side of the central axis of the fixed roller of the forage clamping roller; Wherein, the supporting sprocket, the tensioning sprocket, the fifth transmission sprocket and the sixth transmission sprocket are arranged on the same side, connected by a third transmission chain, and the fourth transmission sprocket and the sixth transmission sprocket The sixth drive sprocket is set coaxially. 5. The chopping device of the steplessly adjustable silage harvester according to claim 4, characterized in that, when the actuating device of the driving pulley makes the movable cone wheel approach the fixed cone wheel, The operating radius of the drive pulley is increased; and When the actuating device of the driving pulley makes the movable cone pulley move away from the fixed cone pulley, the working radius of the driving pulley decreases. 6. The chopping device of the steplessly adjustable silage harvester according to claim 4, wherein the driving device of the driven pulley makes the movable cone pulley approach the fixed cone pulley. , the working radius of the driven pulley increases; and When the actuating device of the driven pulley makes the movable cone pulley away from the fixed cone pulley, the working radius of the driven pulley decreases.