CN207468554U - Classification oxygen supply fixed bed slag tap gasification installation - Google Patents

Classification oxygen supply fixed bed slag tap gasification installation Download PDF

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CN207468554U
CN207468554U CN201721504994.6U CN201721504994U CN207468554U CN 207468554 U CN207468554 U CN 207468554U CN 201721504994 U CN201721504994 U CN 201721504994U CN 207468554 U CN207468554 U CN 207468554U
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slag
furnace body
area
composition regulation
nozzle
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王学云
董卫果
晁俊楠
郭辰辰
李文博
付楚芮
王雨
读刚
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China Coal Research Institute CCRI
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China Coal Research Institute CCRI
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Abstract

The utility model is related to be classified oxygen supply fixed bed slag tap gasification installation, including coal scuttle, coal lock, furnace body, shock chamber and slag lock, the lower port of the coal scuttle is connected with the upper port that the coal is locked, the lower port of the coal lock is connect with the upper port of the furnace body, the lower port of the furnace body is connect with the upper port of the shock chamber, and the lower port of the shock chamber is connect with the upper port of the slag lock;The furnace body includes interconnected composition regulation area and slag area, wherein, the slag area is located at the lower section in the composition regulation area, multiple pressure oxidation nozzles for circumferentially uniformly running through arrangement are arranged in pairs on the side wall of the slag area, are arranged in pairs on the side wall in the composition regulation area multiple circumferentially uniformly through the composition regulation nozzles arranged.

Description

Classification oxygen supply fixed bed slag tap gasification installation
Technical field
The utility model is related to a kind of gasification installation, more particularly to a kind of classification oxygen supply fixed bed slag tap gasification dress It puts.
Background technology
Typical pressurization static bed slag tap gasification furnace usually sets one layer of gasifying agent nozzle, the mistake of mixing in lower portion of furnace body Hot water and steam sprays into gasification furnace bottom as gasifying agent with oxygen by nozzle.For nozzle is prevented to be tempered, the gas velocity of jet expansion Degree should be greater than 100m/s, to reduce operating load, can only close several to nozzle, be easy to cause gasification furnace gases distribution in this way Unevenness is unfavorable for the stable operation of gasification furnace.Further, since only setting one layer of nozzle, steam adds in gasification furnace simultaneously with oxygen, And steam is reacted with coal gasification can absorb amount of heat, and temperature is made quickly to reduce, causes gasification furnace high temperature section axially distributed It is relatively narrow, it is unfavorable for the progress of carbon dioxide reduction reaction, particularly with the poor coal of reactivity and gasification coke etc., can causes The problem of effective Gas content of coal gas is low, calorific value is low.In addition, the disposable addition of vapor and oxygen, also results in vapor and oxygen The adjustable extent of gas dosage is relatively narrow, and outlet coal gas composition adjustability is poor.In conclusion typical pressurization static bed slag tap There is the problem of fuel tolerance difference and poor coal gas constituent ratio adjustability for gasification furnace.
Invention content
In view of the above-mentioned problems, the purpose of this utility model is to provide, a kind of adaptability to raw material is stronger and adjustable extent is broader Classification oxygen supply fixed bed slag tap gasification installation.
To achieve the above object, the utility model uses following technical scheme:A kind of classification oxygen supply fixed bed slag tap Gasification installation, it is characterised in that:Including coal scuttle, coal lock, furnace body and shock chamber, the lower port of the coal scuttle and coal lock it is upper Port connects, and the lower port of the coal lock is connect with the upper port of the furnace body, the lower port of the furnace body and the shock chamber Upper port connection, the lower port of the shock chamber connect with the upper port of the slag lock;The furnace body includes what is be interconnected Composition regulation area and slag area, wherein, the slag area is located at the lower section in the composition regulation area, the side wall in the slag area On be arranged in pairs it is multiple circumferentially uniformly through arrangement pressures oxidation nozzles, on the side wall in the composition regulation area in pairs Multiple composition regulation nozzles for circumferentially uniformly running through arrangement are provided with, the side wall upper part of the furnace body is provided with gas exit.
The inboard wall of furnace body bottom is provided with annular slag chute, and the center of the annular slag chute is slag-drip opening, the slag-drip opening Upper surface higher than the annular slag chute and less than the distribution plane for forcing to aoxidize nozzle, the slag-drip opening is in inverted cone shape, The bottom of the slag-drip opening is provided with annular burner.
Composition regulation area side wall includes the water-cooling jacket and refractory brick that ecto-entad is sequentially arranged;The slag area side Wall includes the water-cooling jacket, ramming mass, water-cooling wall and the refractory material that ecto-entad is sequentially arranged;Wherein, the fire proofed wood Material is mainly made of refractory aggregate, refractory powder, bonding agent and steel fibre, and the steel fibre is corundum, Gao Ge, silicon carbide or nitrogen SiClx, the ramming mass is using optional clayey, High-Alumina, diatomite, calcium silicates or siliceous.
The sustained height position that oxidation nozzle is forced to be circumferentially distributed in the slag area, is used for the slag Oxygen-rich gasifying agent is passed through in area, meets 90 ° of 0 °≤θ < with horizontal plane mounted angle θ;The axis for forcing oxidation nozzle exists Projection in horizontal plane and the angle γ between the normal of position sidewall of the furnace body meet 90 ° of 0 °≤γ <.
The composition regulation nozzle is circumferentially distributed in the sustained height position in the composition regulation area, is used for described It is passed through rich water steam gasifying agent or carbon dioxide in composition regulation area, adjacent two composition regulation nozzles are to the component The component sprayed into regulatory region is different, meets 90 ° of 0 °≤α < with horizontal plane mounted angle α;The axis of the composition regulation nozzle Angle β between line projection in the horizontal plane and the normal of position sidewall of the furnace body meets 90 ° of 0 °≤β <.
The refractory brick uses clay brick or high-alumina brick.
Be embedded with snakelike cooling water pipe inside the water-cooling wall, the water-cooling wall and the snakelike cooling water pipe using steel, Spheroidal graphite cast-iron or fine copper.
The refractory material on the annular slag chute top uses microporous corundum brick, carbon composite brick or Sialon combined corundum brick.
The utility model has the following advantages due to taking above technical scheme:1st, the utility model is strong by adjusting Oxygenerating nozzle and composition regulation nozzle are sprayed into furnace body to control in oxygen-rich gasifying agent, carbon dioxide and rich water steam gasifying agent The ratio of water vapour and oxygen furnace body to be controlled to prolong axial Temperature Distribution, changes the ratio that furnace body generates the constituent of coal gas Example, improves effective Gas content.2nd, being set in slag area for the utility model forces oxidation nozzle, is improved core reaction area Temperature enhances the adaptability to low reaction activity raw material, ensures that melt cinder has good mobility, local lime-ash is avoided to condense Cause deslagging not smooth, while oxygen-enriched environment also helps the generation for preventing analysis iron phenomenon.3rd, the utility model is by controlling up and down The nozzle number of two layers of penetrating gasifying agent is able to the operating load of adjustment gasification furnace, improves the stability of gasification furnace.4th, this reality The structure of water-cooling wall is used, therefore greatly improve the service life of refractory material with novel slag area and annular slag chute.5th, originally The logical steam of composition regulation nozzle institute or carbon dioxide of utility model can absorb big calorimetric in gasification, reduce surrounding temperature Degree, therefore select the structure of refractory brick and water leg that can meet the requirements.6th, slag-drip opening uses inverted cone-shaped structure, can reduce deslagging The thickness of mouth dross, prevents dross is blocked up from slag-drip opening being caused to block.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the classification oxygen supply fixed bed slag tap gasification installation structure diagram of the utility model;
Fig. 2 is the vertical view of plane where the composition regulation nozzle of the utility model;
Fig. 3 is the vertical view of plane where the pressure oxidation nozzle of the utility model;
Fig. 4 is one furnace body Axial Temperature Distribution figure of the utility model embodiment.
Specific embodiment
The utility model is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
As shown in Figure 1, the utility model includes coal scuttle 1, coal lock 2, furnace body 3, shock chamber 4 and slag lock 5.The lower end of coal scuttle 1 Mouth is connected with the upper port of coal lock 2, and the lower port of coal lock 2 is connect with the upper port of furnace body 3, lower port and the shock chamber 4 of furnace body 3 Upper port connection, the lower port of shock chamber 4 connect with the upper port of slag lock 5.Furnace body 3 includes interconnected composition regulation area 31 and slag area 32, wherein, slag area 32 is located at the lower section in composition regulation area 31.It has been arranged in pairs on the side wall of slag area 32 It is multiple circumferentially uniformly to aoxidize nozzle 6 through the pressure of arrangement, multiple edges have been arranged in pairs on the side wall in composition regulation area 31 The circumferential composition regulation nozzle 7 for uniformly running through arrangement.
In above-described embodiment, the side wall upper part of furnace body 3 is provided with gas exit 8, and the gas of 3 output of furnace body is finally by coal 8 output of gas outlet.
In above-described embodiment, each sustained height position that oxidation nozzle 6 is forced to be circumferentially distributed in slag area 32;Each component Adjust the sustained height position that nozzle 7 is circumferentially distributed in composition regulation area 31.
In above-described embodiment, 3 inner wall bottom of furnace body is provided with annular slag chute 9, and the center of annular slag chute 9 is slag-drip opening 10, The upper surface of slag-drip opening 10 is higher than annular slag chute 9 and is less than the distribution plane for forcing oxidation nozzle 6;Slag-drip opening 10 is in inverted cone shape.
In above-described embodiment, annular burner 11 is provided in the bottom of slag-drip opening 10.
In above-described embodiment, as shown in Figures 2 and 3, composition regulation area side wall includes the water cooling that ecto-entad is sequentially arranged Chuck 12 and refractory brick 13;Slag area side wall includes water-cooling jacket 12, ramming mass 14, the water-cooling wall 15 that ecto-entad is sequentially arranged With refractory material 16.Wherein, refractory material 16 is mainly made of refractory aggregate, refractory powder, bonding agent and steel fibre, steel fibre Preferably corundum, Gao Ge, silicon carbide or silicon nitride etc..The refractory material 16 on annular 9 top of slag chute need to use microporous corundum brick, carbon Composite brick, Sialon combined corundum brick etc..Ramming mass 14 need to have heat-insulating property, and clayey, High-Alumina, diatomite, silicon can be selected Sour calcium is siliceous.
In above-described embodiment, as shown in figures 1 and 3, oxidation nozzle 6 is forced for being passed through oxygen-rich gasifying agent into furnace body 3, It meets 90 ° of 0 °≤θ < with horizontal plane mounted angle θ;Force the projection of the axis of oxidation nozzle 6 in the horizontal plane and institute in place The angle γ put between the normal of place's sidewall of the furnace body meets 90 ° of 0 °≤γ <.
In above-described embodiment, as depicted in figs. 1 and 2, composition regulation nozzle 7 is provided in composition regulation area, be used for Rich water steam gasifying agent or carbon dioxide, the group that adjacent two composition regulation nozzles 7 are sprayed into furnace body 3 are passed through in furnace body 3 Divide difference, meet 90 ° of 0 °≤α < with horizontal plane mounted angle α;The projection of the axis of composition regulation nozzle 7 in the horizontal plane Angle β between the normal of position sidewall of the furnace body meets 90 ° of 0 °≤β <.
In above-described embodiment, refractory brick 13 uses clay brick or high-alumina brick, thickness in 200~250mm, compressive resistance >= 60MPa, loading start softening temperature >=1430 DEG C.
In above-described embodiment, snakelike cooling water pipe is embedded with inside water-cooling wall 15, water-cooling wall 15 and snakelike cooling water pipe are adopted With steel, spheroidal graphite cast-iron or fine copper, preferably fine copper.The presence of water-cooling wall 15 can accelerate the radiating rate of high-temperature region so as to extend The service life of refractory material.During gasifier operation, refractory material can be because using loss thinning, and the work of water-cooling wall 15 Haved the function that with melt cinder can be made with slag anti-slag in 16 surface condensation of refractory material.
The course of work and principle of the utility model are as follows:
Gasified raw material is added to by coal scuttle 1 in the coal lock 2 of top of gasification furnace, after coal locks 2 pressurisings, autopneumatolysis furnace roof portion Coal filling hole enters in furnace body 3.Oxygen-rich gasifying agent is reacted by oxidation nozzle 6 is forced to add in furnace body 3 with gasified raw material, due to Oxygen content is higher in gasifying agent, and the temperature for forming slag area significantly improves compared with traditional gasification furnace.Oxygen is forced by adjusting Change nozzle 6 and composition regulation nozzle 7 and sprayed into furnace body 3 in oxygen-rich gasifying agent, carbon dioxide and rich water steam gasifying agent to control The ratio of water vapour and oxygen furnace body 3 to be controlled to prolong axial Temperature Distribution, changes the constituent of the generation coal gas of furnace body 3 Ratio improves effective Gas content.Gasify the high-temperature gas generated and the raw material counter current contacting from 2 addition of coal lock, and passes through furnace body 3 The gas exit 8 on top sends out gasification furnace.The molten slag that high-temperature slag area generates converges in the annular slag chute 9 of 3 bottom of furnace body It is poly-, shock chamber 4 is entered by slag-drip opening 10.The annular burner 11 of 10 bottom of slag-drip opening setting, heats the melt cinder of discharge, prevents Melt cinder is condensed in slag-drip opening 10, while the high-temperature flue gas generated enters gasification furnace, and perturbation action is played to melt cinder.Into shock chamber 4 melt cinder is cooled down rapidly by chilled water, and is passed through slag lock and discharged gasification furnace.
The utility model also proposed a kind of classification oxygen supply fixed bed slag tap gasification adjusting method.
1) control is passed through the composition regulation nozzle 7 of gasifying agent and forces the number of oxidation nozzle 6, can adjust gasification furnace Run power;
2) control composition regulation nozzle 7 and force oxidation nozzle 6 ventilate agent ratio and each layer nozzle ventilation The steam oxygen ratio of agent can adjust gasifier temperature distribution.
3) composition regulation nozzle 7 is passed through rich water steam gasifying agent, a part of component using the composition regulation nozzle of a part It adjusts nozzle and is passed through carbon dioxide.
In above-described embodiment, above-mentioned steps 1) in, for nozzle is prevented to be tempered, the air velocity of jet expansion should be greater than 100m/s, the component that can be passed through gasifying agent by control to reduce gasifier operation load reduce nozzle 7 and force oxidation spray The number that mouth 6 is opened.
In above-described embodiment, above-mentioned adjusting method 2) in, it is preferred that composition regulation nozzle 7 ventilates agent using rich water The mode of steam forces oxidation nozzle 6 to ventilate agent by the way of oxygen-enriched, and combination adjusts composition regulation nozzle 7 and forces The quantity that oxidation nozzle 6 is opened can adjust the ratio that furnace body generates the constituent of coal gas, improve effective Gas content in coal gas.
In above-described embodiment, above-mentioned adjusting method 3) in, it is preferable that composition regulation nozzle 7 uses two pairs of angles as 90 ° Nozzle is passed through rich water steam gasifying agent, and two further pairs angle is that 90 ° of nozzle is passed through carbon dioxide, is able to adjustment furnace body and generates coal The ratio of the constituent of gas improves resource utilization.
Embodiment one
Experiment use the internal diameter of two-stage oxygen supply fixed bed slag tap furnace body 3 as 2m, higher level set there are four use opposed type Arrangement for being passed through the composition regulation nozzle 7 of rich water steam gasifying agent, be 19 ° with horizontal plane mounted angle, with it is in place Angle between the normal of the place's of putting sidewall of the furnace body is 0 °.It is 4 that lower floor, which forces oxidation nozzle 6, is arranged using opposed type, is passed through richness Oxygen agent, mounted angle are 19 °.The distance for forcing oxidation 6 place plane of nozzle and 10 top of slag-drip opening is 400mm, component Plane where adjusting 7 minimum point of nozzle is with forcing plane where aoxidizing 6 minimum point of nozzle at a distance of 300mm.The upper end of slag-drip opening 10 is high In bottom surface 80mm on annular slag chute 9, the cone angle of slag-drip opening 10 is 10 °.
Composition regulation area furnace lining use double-layer structure, outer layer be water-cooling jacket 12, internal layer be refractory brick 13, refractory brick used 13 use clay brick, and thickness is in 240mm, w (Al2O3) account for about 55%.
Slag area furnace lining uses four-layer structure, and ecto-entad is followed successively by water-cooling jacket 12, ramming mass 14, water-cooling wall 15 and resistance to Fiery material 16.Ramming mass 14 uses High-Alumina, refractory wass w (Al2O3) account for about 90%.Water-cooling wall 15 selects fine copper, chemical composition Meet:W (Cu+Ag), which accounts for about 99.5%, w (S) and accounts for about 0.01%, w (P) and account for about 0.03%, w (other impurities summation), to be accounted for about 0.46%.Pre-buried cooling water pipe material is 20# seamless steel pipes in water-cooling wall 15.Refractory material 16 is metal fiber fire proofed wood Expect, thickness 100mm, the refractory material 16 selection corundum, the metallic fiber volume content in refractory material is 8%, metallic fiber Select stainless steel fibre 430Al.Annular slag chute surface refractory material selects microporous corundum brick, w (Al2O3) account for about 90%, w (Fe2O3) account for about 1%.
Gasification furnace processing coal amount is 250~300t/d.Main operating condition is as follows:
Raw material:A kind of bituminous coal lump coal, main character are as follows:6~13mm of granularity, softening temperature ST are 1160 DEG C, anti-crushing Intensity is 92.1%, thermal stability TS+6For 65.3%, TS6-3For 33.9%, TS3-1It is 0.8%;
Vapor pressure:2.0MPa;
Steam oxygen ratio:0.9~0.95kg/h;
Amount of oxygen:4000Nm3/h;
Quantity of steam:3800kg/h;
Vapor (steam) temperature:400~450 DEG C;
Gasify flow:
Blocky bituminous coal fills it up with coal scuttle in advance by coal supply apparatus, during experiment, is locked and is added in furnace body 3 by coal.Gasifying agent Oxygen and vapor are injected in furnace body at a high speed by pressure oxidation nozzle 6 and composition regulation nozzle 7, and nozzle is passed through oxygen and steam Total amount be respectively 4000Nm3/ h and 3800kg/h adjusts the allocation proportion of the gasifying agent between two layers of nozzle according to actual needs, And the steam oxygen ratio of every layer of nozzle.It forces the oxygen-rich gasifying agent that oxidation nozzle 6 is passed through that vigorous reaction occurs with bituminous coal, releases a large amount of Heat makes slag area temperature higher, and the high-temperature gas of generation moves upwards under the action of buoyancy to exchange heat with the bed of material, and with group The adjusting rich water steam gasifying agent that nozzle 6 is passed through is divided to react, generates available gas, reduces temperature in furnace body 3.Gasification gas By 3 top gas exit discharge of furnace body, the molten ash of generation enters in the annular slag chute 9 of bottom of furnace body, then by slag-drip opening 10 Shock chamber 4 is discharged into cool down.Melting melt cinder is cooled to nature of glass solid impurity particle in shock chamber 4, and gradually accumulate in 4 lower part of shock chamber It is tired, it is discharged out-of-bounds by slag lock 5.
Furnace body Axial Temperature Distribution is as shown in Figure 4:
Major gasification result of the test:
1 gasification gas of table forms (butt):Mol%
Gas componant H2 CO CO2 CH4 N2+Ar H2S+COS CnHm
Composition/mol% 26.01 59.54 6.62 4.70 2.12 0.10 0.91
Ash content carbon:1.9%
Ton coal raw gas yield:1500Nm3/t
Vapor resolution ratio:95.30%
Cold gas efficiency:88.86%
CO+H2+CH4Content:90.25%
The temperature of existing fixed-bed gasification slag area is at 1200 DEG C or so it can be seen from above-mentioned result of the test, originally The temperature of the classification oxygen supply fixed bed slag tap gasification installation slag area of utility model can reach 2000 DEG C or more, can be notable The temperature of slag area is improved, extends reaction high temperature section, improves effective Gas content of outlet coal gas, provide a kind of high-efficiency energy-saving ring The fixed bed slag gasification technology of guarantor.
The utility model is only illustrated with above-described embodiment, and structure, installation position and its connection of each component are all can It is all that individual part is carried out according to the utility model principle on the basis of technical solutions of the utility model with what is be varied from Improvement and equivalents, should not exclude except the scope of protection of the utility model.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of classification oxygen supply fixed bed slag tap gasification installation, it is characterised in that:Including coal scuttle, coal lock, furnace body, shock chamber And slag lock, the lower port of the coal scuttle are connect with the upper port that the coal is locked, the lower port that the coal is locked is upper with the furnace body Port connects, and the lower port of the furnace body is connect with the upper port of the shock chamber, the lower port of the shock chamber and the slag The upper port connection of lock;The furnace body includes interconnected composition regulation area and slag area, wherein, the slag area is located at institute The lower section in composition regulation area is stated, is arranged in pairs on the side wall of the slag area multiple circumferentially uniformly through the pressure of arrangement Nozzle is aoxidized, is arranged in pairs on the side wall in the composition regulation area multiple circumferentially uniformly through the composition regulation spray of arrangement Mouth, the side wall upper part of the furnace body are provided with gas exit.
2. classification oxygen supply fixed bed slag tap gasification installation as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that:The inboard wall of furnace body Bottom is provided with annular slag chute, and the center of the annular slag chute is slag-drip opening, and the upper surface of the slag-drip opening is higher than the annular Slag chute and less than it is described force aoxidize nozzle distribution plane, the slag-drip opening be in inverted cone shape, set in the bottom of the slag-drip opening It is equipped with annular burner.
3. classification oxygen supply fixed bed slag tap gasification installation as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that:The composition regulation Area's side wall includes the water-cooling jacket and refractory brick that ecto-entad is sequentially arranged;The slag area side wall includes ecto-entad cloth successively The water-cooling jacket, ramming mass, water-cooling wall and the refractory material put;Wherein, the refractory material is mainly by refractory aggregate, fire resisting Powder, bonding agent and steel fibre are formed, and the steel fibre is corundum, Gao Ge, silicon carbide or silicon nitride, and the ramming mass uses can Select clayey, High-Alumina, diatomite, calcium silicates or siliceous.
4. classification oxygen supply fixed bed slag tap gasification installation as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that:It is described to force oxidation Nozzle is circumferentially distributed in the sustained height position of the slag area, is used to be passed through oxygen-rich gasifying agent into the slag area, It meets 90 ° of 0 °≤θ < with horizontal plane mounted angle θ;The axis projection in the horizontal plane for forcing oxidation nozzle and institute Angle γ at the position between the normal of sidewall of the furnace body meets 90 ° of 0 °≤γ <.
5. classification oxygen supply fixed bed slag tap gasification installation as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that:The composition regulation Nozzle is circumferentially distributed in the sustained height position in the composition regulation area, is used to be passed through rich water into the composition regulation area Steam gasifying agent or carbon dioxide, the component that adjacent two composition regulation nozzles are sprayed into the composition regulation area is not Together, meet 90 ° of 0 °≤α < with horizontal plane mounted angle α;The projection of the axis of the composition regulation nozzle in the horizontal plane with Angle β between the normal of position sidewall of the furnace body meets 90 ° of 0 °≤β <.
6. classification oxygen supply fixed bed slag tap gasification installation as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that:The refractory brick is adopted With clay brick or high-alumina brick.
7. classification oxygen supply fixed bed slag tap gasification installation as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that:In the water-cooling wall Portion is embedded with snakelike cooling water pipe, and the water-cooling wall and the snakelike cooling water pipe use steel, spheroidal graphite cast-iron or fine copper.
8. classification oxygen supply fixed bed slag tap gasification installation as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that:The annular slag chute The refractory material on top uses microporous corundum brick, carbon composite brick or Sialon combined corundum brick.
CN201721504994.6U 2017-11-13 2017-11-13 Classification oxygen supply fixed bed slag tap gasification installation Active CN207468554U (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107699290A (en) * 2017-11-13 2018-02-16 煤炭科学技术研究院有限公司 One kind classification oxygen supply fixed bed slag tap gasification installation

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107699290A (en) * 2017-11-13 2018-02-16 煤炭科学技术研究院有限公司 One kind classification oxygen supply fixed bed slag tap gasification installation

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