CN108603660B - Top combustion hot blast stove - Google Patents
Top combustion hot blast stove Download PDFInfo
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- CN108603660B CN108603660B CN201680080677.8A CN201680080677A CN108603660B CN 108603660 B CN108603660 B CN 108603660B CN 201680080677 A CN201680080677 A CN 201680080677A CN 108603660 B CN108603660 B CN 108603660B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B9/00—Stoves for heating the blast in blast furnaces
- C21B9/02—Brick hot-blast stoves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
- F23D14/02—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
- F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
- F23D14/62—Mixing devices; Mixing tubes
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H3/00—Air heaters
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- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
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- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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- Pre-Mixing And Non-Premixing Gas Burner (AREA)
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- Combustion Of Fluid Fuel (AREA)
Abstract
A top combustion hot air furnace comprises a mixing chamber (1), a combustion chamber (2) and a heat storage chamber (3), wherein the wall body of the mixing chamber (1) consists of a cone top wall at the upper part and a column cavity wall at the lower part, an air inlet (7) is arranged on the outer side of the column cavity wall, a coal gas inlet (4) is arranged on the outer side of the cone top wall, the column cavity wall is vertically arranged and used for installing a plurality of layers of air flow channels which enable air to flow upwards in a rotating manner, and the diameters of circulation cyclones formed after air flow is sprayed out of each layer of air flow; the cone top wall is arranged in a conical shape and used for installing a plurality of layers of gas flow passages which enable gas to flow downwards in a rotating mode, the diameters of circulation cyclones formed after the gas is sprayed out of all the layers of gas flow passages are different, the diameter of the circulation cyclone at the bottom layer is larger than that of the circulation cyclone at the upper layer, the speed of the gas sprayed out of the gas flow passages is larger than that of the gas sprayed out of the air flow passages, and the gas and the air are enabled to form a plurality of layers of concentric cross mixing in different diameters in the mixing chamber (1) and then enter the combustion chamber. The structure of the mixing chamber (1) of the device and the gas mixing mode enable the gas to be fully combusted, and energy conservation and emission reduction are realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of metallurgy and heat energy engineering; in particular to a novel top combustion hot blast stove which heats blast air or other gas media to a certain temperature.
Background
A blast furnace hot blast stove is a facility for providing hot blast to an iron-making blast furnace. The working principle of the hot blast stove is that a combustor of the hot blast stove combusts coal gas to generate high-temperature flue gas, a heat accumulator in the hot blast stove is heated and stores heat, then cold blast air enters the hot blast stove from the lower part of the hot blast stove, and is gradually heated by the heat accumulator in the rising process to form high-temperature blast air. High-temperature blast enters a hot air main pipe through a hot air outlet and a hot air branch pipe, and is sent to a blast furnace for a pig iron smelting process. According to the position of a burner of the hot blast stove, the hot blast stove can be divided into an internal combustion type hot blast stove, an external combustion type hot blast stove, a top combustion type hot blast stove and other structural forms. The top-combustion hot blast stove is rapidly popularized at home and abroad due to the outstanding advantages, and the top-combustion hot blast stove has the following forms: the hot-blast stove comprises a big-cap premixing burner type top-burning hot-blast stove (first steel type), a small-cap sleeve premixing multi-burner type top-burning hot-blast stove (steel bearing type), a Russian Rujin small-cap swirl-burning type top-burning hot-blast stove, a domestic version top-burning stove imitating the Kalujin top-burning hot-blast stove, and various top-burning hot-blast stoves such as a catenary type top-burning stove which is changed from a Carlujin big-cap hemispherical top-burning stove in recent years.
At present, the prior known technology and the current situation-the defects, the defects and the disadvantages of the top combustion hot blast stove are as follows: firstly, the nozzle structure and the spatial layout of the air and the coal gas are unreasonable, so that the air and the coal gas are not uniformly mixed; secondly, due to the fact that air and coal gas are mixed unevenly, combustion is insufficient, the length of flame is long, the flame enters a heat accumulator to be combusted, and deformation or settlement of the heat accumulator is caused, so that temperature distribution in the hot blast stove is uneven, heat efficiency is low, resource utilization rate is low, operation cost is improved, and pollution is caused to the atmospheric environment; thirdly, the burner structure is unreasonable, and the nozzle bricks are easy to be misplaced and fall off during the operation of the hot blast stove, which affects the service life of the hot blast stove. Therefore, it is important to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings, drawbacks and drawbacks of the prior art and the hot blast stove in the present situation.
In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies, drawbacks and drawbacks of the prior art and the existing hot blast stove, the present designer is based on abundant practical experience and professional knowledge, based on earnest and sufficient investigation, understanding, analysis, summarization and research on the prior known technology and the current situation, the invention is successfully researched and developed by adopting the key technologies of a multi-section longitudinal stress buffer structure, a multi-section combined top structure, an air and coal gas rotational flow high-speed jet three-dimensional mixed structure and a high-efficiency heat accumulator and actively carrying out research and innovation to improve the structure of the prior top-burning hot blast stove and the air and coal gas mixing mode, the top combustion hot blast stove with a novel structure is created, the defects, the shortcomings and the drawbacks existing in the prior art and the current situation are overcome, the practicability and the better using effect are achieved, and the technical level of the top combustion hot blast stove is improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a novel top-combustion hot blast stove, which adopts a multi-section longitudinal stress buffering structure, a multi-section combined top structure, an air and coal gas rotational flow high-speed jet three-dimensional mixing structure and a high-efficiency heat accumulator, improves the structure of the existing top-combustion hot blast stove and an air and coal gas mixing mode, enables coal gas to be fully combusted, reduces the coal gas consumption, reduces the carbon emission, and realizes energy conservation and emission reduction.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows: the novel top-combustion hot blast stove comprises a mixing chamber, a combustion chamber and a regenerator, wherein a throat flow guide device is arranged between the combustion chamber and the mixing chamber, the wall body of the mixing chamber consists of an upper conical top wall and a lower column cavity wall, an air inlet is arranged on the outer side of the column cavity wall, and a coal gas inlet is arranged on the outer side of the conical top wall;
the column cavity wall is vertically arranged and used for installing a plurality of layers of air flow channels which enable air to flow upwards in a rotating manner, and the diameters of circulation cyclones formed after air flow is sprayed out of the air flow channels of all layers are equal; the cone top wall is arranged in a conical shape and is used for installing a plurality of layers of gas flow passages which enable gas to flow downwards in a rotating mode, the diameters of circulation cyclones formed after the gas is sprayed out of each layer of gas flow passage are different, the diameter of the circulation cyclone at the bottom layer is larger than that of the circulation cyclone at the upper layer, and the speed of the gas sprayed out of each gas flow passage is larger than that of the gas sprayed out of the air flow passage, so that the gas and the air form a plurality of layers of concentric cross mixing with different diameters in the mixing chamber and then enter the combustion chamber;
the conical top wall is composed of an inner layer of gas nozzle wall and an outer layer of gas outer ring wall, the gas nozzle wall and the gas outer ring wall are arranged at intervals, a gas ring channel communicated with the gas inlet is formed between the gas nozzle wall and the gas outer ring wall, a plurality of layers of gas flow channels are arranged on the gas nozzle wall, a plurality of gas nozzles are arranged on each layer of gas flow channel, and the gas nozzles are inclined downwards by 30-45 degrees in a horn shape from the inner circular wall to the outer circular wall so as to form that the sprayed gas moves downwards and rotates in a mixing chamber in a layered mode;
the wall of the cylindrical cavity consists of an inner air nozzle wall and an outer air ring wall, the air nozzle wall and the outer air ring wall are arranged at intervals, an air ring channel communicated with the air inlet is formed between the air nozzle wall and the outer air ring wall, a plurality of layers of air flow channels are arranged on the air nozzle wall, a plurality of air nozzles are arranged on each layer of air flow channel, and the air nozzles are horizontally arranged or are upwards obliquely arranged from the inner circular wall to the outer circular wall so as to form upward movement and rotation of sprayed air in the mixing chamber;
the top end of the wall of the column cavity is provided with an annular flow blocking reinforcing plate, and the flow blocking reinforcing plate is connected with the conical top wall to form isolation between the air loop and the gas loop.
The downward inclination angle of the gas nozzle on the conical top wall is 45 degrees; the angle of the upward inclination of the air nozzle on the wall of the column cavity is 30 degrees;
the coal gas nozzle wall and the air nozzle wall are formed by pouring, and the coal gas outer annular wall and the air outer annular wall are formed by masonry.
The coal gas inlet, the coal gas nozzle, the air inlet and the air nozzle are integrally cast.
The upper edge of the throat guide device forms an inclined plane inclined towards the direction of the combustion chamber.
Annular brick supports supported on the furnace shell are respectively arranged between the mixing chamber and the combustion chamber and between the combustion chamber and the regenerator to respectively support the walls of the mixing chamber and the combustion chamber, expansion gaps are reserved between the mixing chamber and the wall of the combustion chamber and between the combustion chamber and the wall of the regenerator, and the wall of the regenerator is built on a furnace body bottom plate.
The wall body of the regenerator sequentially comprises a heat-resistant section built by silica bricks, a buffer section built by high-alumina bricks and a support section built by clay bricks from top to bottom.
The bottom of the regenerator furnace shell is of a round angle structure.
The flow resisting reinforcing plate is of a steel structure.
In the multi-layer coal gas flow channel, the coal gas nozzles on the upper layer coal gas flow channel and the coal gas nozzles on the adjacent lower layer coal gas flow channel are staggered by 0-30 degrees in the horizontal direction; in the multilayer air flow channel, the air nozzles on the upper layer air flow channel and the air nozzles on the adjacent lower layer air flow channel are staggered by 0-30 degrees in the horizontal direction.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
first, the shapes, arrangement, air flow velocities and relative positional relationships of the gas and air jets in the present invention may be such that: the downward coal gas rotational flow sprayed out of the coal gas nozzle has different radiuses (and is smaller than the radius of the air rotational flow), a conical central rotational flow rotating downwards can be formed, the air sprayed out of the air nozzle forms a peripheral rotational flow rotating upwards along the wall of the column cavity, firstly, the peripheral rotational flow is primarily mixed with the outer layer of the central rotational flow, and then, as the air flow speed sprayed out of the coal gas nozzle is larger than the flow speed of the peripheral rotational flow formed by the air sprayed out of the air nozzle, the flow direction can be changed and the peripheral rotational flow can be converged into the central rotational flow when the peripheral rotational flow moves upwards to the coal gas nozzle, the mixing is carried out again, and the mixed gas of the uniformly mixed coal gas and air is formed after the two; the analysis of the mixing process shows that: the central rotational flow and the peripheral rotational flow form multilayer concentric cross mixing with different diameters in the descending process, the area of a mixed air flow hollow column is reduced, (in the prior art, the diameters of the coal gas rotational flow and the air rotational flow are the same, and in the mixing process of the coal gas rotational flow and the air rotational flow, the rotational flow center easily forms a mixing dead angle, namely the hollow column), the mixing uniformity is increased, and the rotational flow directions of the coal gas and the air are opposite, so that the contact and collision probability and time of the coal gas and the air are increased, the coal gas and the air are further fully mixed, and the specific gravity of the coal gas is greater than that of the air, so that the coal gas nozzle is arranged above the air nozzle to prevent the coal gas from directly descending after being sprayed, the mixing and charging degree of the coal gas and the air is ensured, thereby the fully mixed flue gas is ensured to be completely combusted before reaching the surface of a heat accumulator, the combustion efficiency of, the flame length is shortened, the gas consumption and the pollutant emission are reduced, and the energy conservation and emission reduction are realized; meanwhile, in the combustion termination period of the hot blast stove, the gas remained on the top of the stove can be swept by the air blown upwards, so that the potential safety hazard in secondary air supply is avoided.
Secondly, the invention improves the air supply temperature of the hot blast stove, reduces the air supply temperature difference and reduces the operation cost: because coal gas and air can intensive mixing and abundant burning, the theoretical combustion temperature of coal gas has been improved, thereby the hot-blast furnace vault temperature has been improved, the surface temperature distribution of heat accumulator is more even, make the heat accumulator can obtain higher heat, reduce the difference in temperature at last stage of air supply, increase air supply time, reduce the number of times of changing the stove, reduce the running cost of hot-blast furnace, and, because the surface temperature distribution of heat accumulator is even, the heat accumulator deformation that has avoided traditional combustor air, coal gas entering heat accumulator to lead to, subside, jam scheduling problem, the life-span of heat accumulator has been prolonged.
Thirdly, the invention reduces power consumption, reduces operation and maintenance costs: the invention has the advantages of fully mixing air and coal gas, having small air excess coefficient, reducing the consumption of air and coal gas, reducing the supply of air and coal gas, reducing the kinetic energy consumption of the fan and saving the maintenance cost of equipment.
Fourthly, the coal gas nozzles or the air nozzles between the upper layer and the lower layer are not vertically corresponding but staggered by a certain angle, so that the sprayed coal gas rotational flow and the sprayed air rotational flow are crossed, and the mixing uniformity is improved.
Fifthly, the mixing chamber, the combustion chamber and the heat accumulator are respectively supported on the brick support and the furnace body bottom plate, so that the mixing chamber, the combustion chamber and the heat accumulator form a multi-section longitudinal stress buffer structure, the upper compression stress can not directly act on the lower structure, the stability of the lower structure is ensured, any one section of the lower structure can be conveniently maintained and replaced without influencing the structures of other sections, and an expansion gap is reserved between adjacent structures, so that the influence of thermal expansion on the furnace body structure can be eliminated, and the stability of the whole structure is ensured.
Sixth, because the wall body of the combustion chamber of the hot-blast stove has a taper section, in the prior art, the combustion chamber adopts an inclined masonry structure, when the structure is built, each layer needs to be supported, the previous layer can be built, and because the brick body has an inclined downward acting force, the brick and the brick are easy to slide down, finally, the radius of the wall body from bottom to top is gradually reduced, the building quality of the combustion chamber is influenced, in addition, in the actual use of the structure, because of the weight, high temperature and pressure action of the upper masonry, the structural stability is poor, and accidents such as brick falling, collapse and the like are easy to cause; therefore, the combustion chamber adopts a flat building structure, the structure is mainly stressed by self gravity and upper load pressure, acting force is vertically and uniformly distributed on a single brick, and an interlocking structure is arranged between the bricks, so that the brick falling phenomenon is not easy to occur under high temperature and pressure fluctuation, the building is more convenient, the support is not needed, the deformation is not generated, the field construction difficulty can be greatly reduced, and the construction efficiency is improved.
Seventh, in the structure of the hot air outlet, the herringbone or arched bearing structure can decompose the weight load above the hot air outlet to the surrounding wall body, so that the circular ring structure forming the hot air outlet works under the stress-free effect, and the circular ring structure adopts a double-circular-ring structure, thereby further increasing the protection on the inner circular ring, and improving the stability and the service life of the hot air outlet structure.
Eighth, the aperture of the heat accumulator used in the invention is 10-25mm, so that more grid holes can be arranged in unit area, the heat storage capacity of the whole heat accumulator is increased, and in order to adapt to the grid hole density, the composite type grid is adopted at the bottom of the heat accumulator, the support grid in the composite type grid mainly plays a supporting role, the hole aligning units on the hole aligning grid can correspond to a plurality of grid holes on the heat accumulator, compared with the one-to-one correspondence of the grid holes and the grid holes at present, the heat exchange efficiency of cold air in the heat accumulator can be obviously improved, and the hole blocking rate of the grid holes is reduced.
Ninth, the wall body of the regenerator is built by bricks made of different materials and different functional sections are formed, so that the high-alumina bricks have good thermal shock stability and can better adapt to the frequently fluctuating temperature of the middle section of the regenerator, and the rounded corner design is adopted between the bottom of the regenerator and the bottom plate, so that the stress of the upper furnace body structure can be prevented from being concentrated at the corner of the bottom, and the stability of the whole structure of the furnace body is ensured.
Tenth, during the operation of the hot blast stove, the wall of the mixing chamber, especially the gas loop and the air loop, are affected by high-pressure airflow for a long time, and the bricks are easy to loosen and crack, even air and gas can blow by between the air and the gas, so that certain potential safety hazards are caused.
Eleventh, the design of the inlet and the nozzle of the hot blast stove known in the prior art adopts a brick laying mode, the problems of dislocation, brick falling and the like of the nozzle brick are easy to occur during the operation of the hot blast stove, the use effect is influenced, the whole inlet and the nozzle are integrated by adopting a formwork pouring forming construction mode at the corresponding inlet and the nozzle, the structure is stable, and the problems of dislocation and brick falling of the nozzle brick during the operation of the hot blast stove are avoided.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the mixing chamber.
Fig. 3 is a sectional view taken along line a-a in fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken along line B-B in fig. 2.
The labels in the figure are: 1. mixing chamber, 101, gas spout wall, 102, gas outer ring wall, 103, choke reinforcing plate, 104, air spout wall, 105, air outer ring wall, 2, combustion chamber, 3, regenerator, 301, heat-resisting section, 302, buffer section, 303, clay section, 4, gas inlet, 5, gas ring channel, 6, gas spout, 7, air inlet, 8, air spout, 9, air ring channel, 10, brick support, 11, hot air outlet, 12, composite grate, 13, cold air inlet, 14, flue gas outlet, 15, combustion chamber manhole, 16 and throat guide device.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be further described by the following specific embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in the figure: novel top combustion hot blast stove, include regenerator 3 that sets gradually from bottom to top, combustion chamber 2 and mixing chamber 1, regenerator 3's wall body is built by laying bricks or stones in the furnace body bottom, and the wall body bottom adopts the fillet setting, set up two annular bricks respectively and hold in the palm 10 on the furnace shell, combustion chamber 2's wall body and mixing chamber 1's wall body are built by laying bricks or stones respectively on these two bricks hold in the palm 10, and, adopt the sliding joint structural connection of step-shaped between combustion chamber 2 and regenerator 3 and between mixing chamber 1 and the combustion chamber 2, just so formed multistage longitudinal stress buffer structure.
The mixing chamber 1 adopts various composite top structures, such as a conical column composite vault structure, a catenary structure or a mushroom structure; now, taking a cone-column composite vault structure as an example, the structural arrangement of the mixing chamber 1 is described: the cone-column composite vault structure consists of a cone top wall and a column cavity wall, wherein an air inlet 7 is formed outside the column cavity wall, and a coal gas inlet 4 is formed outside the cone top wall; the cone top wall is composed of an inner layer of gas spout wall 101 and an outer layer of gas outer ring wall 102, a gas ring channel 5 communicated with a gas inlet 4 is formed between the gas spout wall 101 and the outer layer of gas outer ring wall 102, a plurality of layers of gas flow channels are arranged on the gas spout wall 101, a plurality of gas spouts 6 are arranged on each layer of gas flow channel, the gas spouts 6 are inclined downwards 30-45 degrees in a horn shape from the inner circular wall to the outer circular wall of the gas spout wall 101, the gas spouts 6 on the upper layer of gas flow channel and the gas spouts 6 on the lower layer of gas flow channel are staggered 0-30 degrees in the horizontal direction, so that gas sprayed by the gas spouts 6 forms a central rotational flow which moves downwards and is layered in a crossed mode in the center of the mixing chamber 1; the wall of the cylindrical cavity consists of an inner-layer air nozzle wall 104 and an outer-layer air outer ring wall 105, the air nozzle wall 104 and the outer-layer air ring wall 105 are arranged at intervals, an air ring channel 9 communicated with an air inlet 7 is formed between the air nozzle wall 104 and the inner-layer air ring wall, a plurality of layers of air flow channels are arranged on the air nozzle wall 104, a plurality of air nozzles 8 are arranged on each layer of air flow channel, the air nozzles 8 incline upwards by 30-45 degrees in a trumpet shape from the inner circular wall to the outer circular wall of the air nozzle wall 104, the air nozzles 8 on the upper-layer air flow channel and the air nozzles 8 on the lower-layer air flow channel are staggered by 0-30 degrees in the horizontal direction, and air sprayed by the air nozzles 8 forms peripheral rotational upward movement around a central rotational flow and crossed;
the rotational flow directions of the coal gas rotational flow sprayed out of the coal gas nozzle 6 and the air rotational flow sprayed out of the air nozzle 8 are opposite, and the air flow speed sprayed out of the coal gas nozzle 6 is higher than the flow speed of the peripheral rotational flow formed by the air sprayed out of the air nozzle 8, so that the peripheral rotational flow can change the flow direction and converge into the central rotational flow when moving upwards to the coal gas nozzle 6 to form mixed gas of the coal gas and the air; the included angle between the horizontal projection of the central line of the gas inlet 4 and the horizontal projection of the central line of the air inlet 7 is 0-180 degrees, the gas nozzle 6 and the air nozzle 8 are both conical nozzles, the aperture of the outlet end is smaller than that of the inlet end, and the air and gas rotational flow high-speed injection three-dimensional mixing structure is formed by the structure;
the top end of the column cavity wall is covered with an annular flow-resisting reinforcing plate 103, and the flow-resisting reinforcing plate 103 is clamped between the column cavity wall and the conical top wall and is arranged in a partition wall between the air loop 9 and the gas loop 5;
the coal gas nozzle wall 101 and the air nozzle wall 104 are formed by casting, the coal gas outer annular wall 102 and the air outer annular wall 105 are formed by masonry, the air inlet 7, the air nozzle 8, the coal gas inlet 4 and the coal gas nozzle 6 are all formed by steel plate formwork support, high-strength ceramic wear-resistant castable is used for integral casting, the cross section shapes of the coal gas nozzle 6 and the air nozzle 8 are polygons, circles or ellipses, and the cross section areas of the coal gas nozzle 6 and the air nozzle 8 in the respective axial direction are the same or different.
The combustion chamber 2 consists of a combustion chamber manhole 15, a hot air outlet 11, a throat flow guide device 16 and a combustion chamber wall body, wherein the throat flow guide device 16 is formed by upwards extending a lining in the combustion chamber 2, and the upper edge of the throat flow guide device 16 forms a downward inclined plane; the wall body of the combustion chamber adopts a flat building structure, the body of the flat building structure is formed by horizontally building a brick body, the section of the flat building structure is of a splayed structure and is divided into an upper part, a middle part and a lower part, the middle part and an extension line of the masonry at the conical section of the combustion chamber 2 form a certain masonry included angle, the angle is 60-65 degrees, the upper part extends outwards to form a certain angle, the lower part extends inwards to form a certain angle, the surface of the brick body is respectively provided with a groove and a raised line, and the interlocking effect between the brick and the brick is realized through the matching of the groove and the raised; the wall body above the hot air outlet 11 is provided with a herringbone bearing structure, the herringbone bearing structure comprises a herringbone bearing masonry body and a herringbone transition masonry body, the inner layer of the hot air outlet 11 is of a double-ring structure, and the outer layer of the hot air outlet 11 is of a petal-shaped ring masonry structure connected with the wall body.
The heat storage chamber 3 is composed of a composite grate 12, a cold air inlet 13, a flue gas outlet 14, a heat storage chamber wall body and a heat storage body, wherein the heat storage body is a high-efficiency heat storage body, namely, a plurality of grid holes with the aperture of 10-25mm are uniformly distributed on the heat accumulator, the wall body of the heat accumulator is divided into a heat-resisting section 301 built by silica bricks, a buffer section 302 built by high-alumina bricks and a supporting section 303 built by clay bricks from top to bottom, the composite grate 12 consists of an upper-layer hole-aligning grate, a lower-layer supporting grate and a supporting structure, the supporting structure comprises a pillar fixed on the furnace bottom plate and a beam fixed on the pillar, the supporting grate is arranged on the beam through a groove, in the grate holes on the hole aligning grate, a plurality of adjacent grate holes are communicated with each other to form a hole aligning unit, each hole aligning unit corresponds to the heat accumulator grid hole on the hole aligning unit, and the support grate is provided with grid holes corresponding to the hole aligning units.
Further, the downward inclination angle of the gas nozzles 6 is 45 degrees, the upward inclination angle of the air nozzles 8 is 45 degrees, the horizontal staggered angle of the gas nozzles 6 on the upper layer of gas flow channel and the gas nozzles 6 on the lower layer of gas flow channel is 30 degrees, and the horizontal staggered angle of the air nozzles 8 on the upper layer of air flow channel and the air nozzles 8 on the lower layer of air flow channel is 30 degrees.
Claims (8)
1. The top combustion type hot blast stove comprises a mixing chamber (1), a combustion chamber (2) and a regenerative chamber (3), wherein a throat flow guide device (16) is arranged between the combustion chamber (2) and the mixing chamber (1), the wall body of the mixing chamber (1) consists of an upper conical top wall and a lower column cavity wall, an air inlet (7) is formed in the outer side of the column cavity wall, an air loop (9) communicated with the air inlet (7) is formed between an outer air ring wall (105) on the outer layer of the column cavity wall and an inner air nozzle wall (104), a plurality of layers of air flow channels are arranged on the air nozzle wall (104), and a plurality of air nozzles (8) are arranged on each layer of air flow channel; a gas inlet (4) is arranged on the outer side of the conical top wall, a gas ring channel (5) communicated with the gas inlet (4) is formed between the outer gas ring wall (102) on the outer layer of the conical top wall and the inner gas nozzle wall (101), a plurality of layers of gas flow channels are arranged on the gas nozzle wall (101), and a plurality of gas nozzles (6) are arranged on the gas flow channels; the gas nozzles (6) on the cone top wall incline downwards by 45 degrees, and gas sprayed out of the gas nozzles (6) forms central rotational flows which have different radiuses and rotate downwards in the center of the mixing chamber (1); the method is characterized in that:
an annular flow blocking reinforcing plate (103) is arranged between the wall of the column cavity and the wall of the conical top to form isolation between the air loop (9) and the gas loop (5);
the air nozzles (8) on the upper-layer air flow channel and the air nozzles (8) on the adjacent lower-layer air flow channel are not on the same vertical line, and are staggered by 30 degrees in the horizontal direction, and the diameters of the circulation cyclones formed by the air flow sprayed by the air flow channels of all layers are equal;
the coal gas nozzles (6) on the upper coal gas flow passage and the coal gas nozzles (6) on the adjacent lower coal gas flow passage are not on the same vertical line, are staggered by 30 degrees in the horizontal direction, and the diameters of the circular current cyclones formed after the coal gas is sprayed out of the coal gas flow passages in each layer are different; the diameter of the bottom layer circular cyclone is larger than that of the upper layer circular cyclone; the rotational flow direction of the coal gas rotational flow sprayed out of the coal gas nozzle (6) is opposite to that of the air rotational flow sprayed out of the air nozzle (8);
the air nozzles (8) on the wall of the cylindrical cavity are inclined upwards by 30 degrees, so that the air sprayed by the air nozzles (8) forms a peripheral rotational flow which rotates upwards around the central rotational flow along the inner wall of the mixing chamber (1);
the radius of the coal gas rotational flow is smaller than that of the air rotational flow, the speed of the air flow sprayed by the coal gas nozzle (6) is larger than that of the peripheral rotational flow formed by the air sprayed by the air nozzle (8), so that the flow direction of the peripheral rotational flow can be changed and the peripheral rotational flow can be converged into the central rotational flow when the peripheral rotational flow which is formed by the air and rotates upwards along the wall of the cylindrical cavity moves to the coal gas nozzle (6);
the bottom of the furnace shell of the regenerative chamber (3) is of a round angle structure; two annular brick supports (10) are respectively arranged on the furnace shell.
2. The top combustion stove according to claim 1, characterized in that: the coal gas nozzle wall (101) and the air nozzle wall (104) are formed by pouring, and the coal gas outer ring wall (102) and the air outer ring wall (105) are formed by masonry.
3. The top combustion stove according to claim 1, characterized in that: the coal gas inlet (4), the coal gas nozzle (6), the air inlet (7) and the air nozzle (8) are integrally cast.
4. The top combustion stove according to claim 1, characterized in that: the upper edge of the throat guide device (16) forms an inclined plane inclined towards the direction of the combustion chamber (2).
5. The top combustion stove according to claim 1, characterized in that: annular brick supports (10) supported on a furnace shell are respectively arranged between the mixing chamber (1) and the combustion chamber (2) and between the combustion chamber (2) and the regenerator (3) to respectively support the wall bodies of the mixing chamber (1) and the combustion chamber (2), expansion gaps are reserved between the wall bodies of the mixing chamber (1) and the combustion chamber (2) and between the wall bodies of the combustion chamber (2) and the regenerator (3), and the wall body of the regenerator (3) is built on a furnace body bottom plate.
6. The top combustion stove according to claim 1, characterized in that: the wall body of the regenerator (3) is sequentially provided with a heat-resistant section (301) built by silica bricks, a buffer section (302) built by high-alumina bricks and a support section (303) built by clay bricks from top to bottom.
7. The top combustion stove according to claim 1, characterized in that: the flow blocking reinforcing plate (103) is of a steel structure.
8. The top combustion stove according to claim 1, characterized in that: the coal gas nozzle (6) and the air nozzle (8) are cylindrical or horn-shaped and conical with small inner opening and large outer opening, and the sections of the coal gas nozzle (6) and the air nozzle (8) are polygonal, circular or elliptical.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/CN2016/104518 WO2018082001A1 (en) | 2016-11-04 | 2016-11-04 | Novel top-combustion hot blast stove |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN108603660A CN108603660A (en) | 2018-09-28 |
| CN108603660B true CN108603660B (en) | 2020-01-07 |
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ID=62075512
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201680080677.8A Active CN108603660B (en) | 2016-11-04 | 2016-11-04 | Top combustion hot blast stove |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3223816U (en) |
| CN (1) | CN108603660B (en) |
| RU (1) | RU193758U1 (en) |
| UA (1) | UA140029U (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2018082001A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108759084A (en) * | 2018-08-02 | 2018-11-06 | 靖江博鑫柯曼燃烧器制造有限公司 | A kind of energy-saving hot air stove |
| CN111690785A (en) * | 2019-03-11 | 2020-09-22 | 山东省冶金设计院股份有限公司 | Top combustion hot blast stove with central uniform distribution type burner |
| CN111763018A (en) * | 2019-04-02 | 2020-10-13 | 北京卡卢金热风炉技术有限公司 | Heating furnace device with burner |
| RU2753208C1 (en) | 2020-06-16 | 2021-08-12 | Акционерное общество "КАЛУГИН" | Shaftless air heater |
| CN111964056A (en) * | 2020-08-31 | 2020-11-20 | 中冶赛迪工程技术股份有限公司 | Ceramic burner and top combustion hot blast stove |
| CN112191121B (en) * | 2020-09-22 | 2022-09-30 | 南京晶升装备股份有限公司 | Long brilliant stove technology gas air flue that mixes |
| CN114622048B (en) * | 2022-03-15 | 2023-12-01 | 恒创数字科技(江苏)有限公司 | Hot blast stove combustion optimization system and method |
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| GB1360988A (en) * | 1970-09-22 | 1974-07-24 | Nixon I G | Partial combustion burners |
| RU2145637C1 (en) * | 1999-03-29 | 2000-02-20 | Калугин Яков Прокопьевич | Air heater |
| RU2215792C1 (en) * | 2002-02-18 | 2003-11-10 | Калугин Яков Прокопьевич | Air heater |
| RU2316600C2 (en) * | 2006-03-01 | 2008-02-10 | Яков Прокопьевич Калугин | Air heater |
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| CN203923240U (en) * | 2014-06-30 | 2014-11-05 | 济钢集团有限公司 | A kind of top burning type hot blast stove combustor |
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2016
- 2016-11-04 RU RU2019117174U patent/RU193758U1/en active
- 2016-11-04 JP JP2019600122U patent/JP3223816U/en active Active
- 2016-11-04 WO PCT/CN2016/104518 patent/WO2018082001A1/en active Application Filing
- 2016-11-04 CN CN201680080677.8A patent/CN108603660B/en active Active
- 2016-11-04 UA UAU201906142U patent/UA140029U/en unknown
Patent Citations (4)
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| CN1680608A (en) * | 2004-04-06 | 2005-10-12 | 山东省冶金设计院 | External distributor style top-burning hot-air furnace |
| CN201269526Y (en) * | 2008-08-20 | 2009-07-08 | 北京首钢国际工程技术有限公司 | High-efficiency rotational flow diffusion type combustor of top-burning hot blast stove |
| CN101792837A (en) * | 2010-01-26 | 2010-08-04 | 北京首钢国际工程技术有限公司 | High-temperature low-oxygen top-combustion-type air heating furnace |
| CN103333978A (en) * | 2013-07-05 | 2013-10-02 | 郑州安耐克实业有限公司 | Top-burning hot-blast stove with cone-column composite vault structure |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| RU193758U1 (en) | 2019-11-13 |
| UA140029U (en) | 2020-02-10 |
| WO2018082001A1 (en) | 2018-05-11 |
| CN108603660A (en) | 2018-09-28 |
| JP3223816U (en) | 2019-11-07 |
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