CN207215373U - A kind of large-scale movable propeller turbine runner body static balance test device - Google Patents

Abstract

A kind of large-scale movable propeller turbine runner body static balance test device, including base and balance bracket, it is enclosed on outside balance bracket outside base, backing plate is fixed with base upper surface, balanced ball and the drive division moved up and down with driving balanced ball are provided with balance bracket, the drive division includes being rotatably connected being fixed on balance plate in the swivel nut of balance bracket upper end, the screw rod in swivel nut, the location-plate and balance plate for being fixedly connected on screw rod lower end, balanced ball.The technical problems to be solved in the utility model is can to find the center of gravity of rotatable parts and the maximum deviation of pivot, and is adjusted to technical specification, to ensure that water turbine set being capable of steady running.

Description

A kind of large-scale movable propeller turbine runner body static balance test device

Technical field

It the utility model is related to installation and the maintenance field, particularly movable propeller turbine runner of turbine-generator units Carry out a kind of experimental rig of static balancing test.

Background technology

General large hydropower station hydraulic generator especially movable propeller turbine, may during overhaul It is related to the situation for changing runner bucket, in the case, after ensureing that new blade is arranged on runner, ensures whole runner Static state and dynamic equilibrium performance, runner must carry out static balancing test, originally static balancing test is that testing equipment is entered first Line sensitivity verifies, it is ensured that sensitivity meets test requirements document；Web is individually tested again, finds out runner unbalanced weight Size and orientation, are finally weighed to connector, and its design weight is subtracted with weight of weighing, and it is great small to obtain first wife in connector, Connector is tapped with hand hammer again, counterweight orientation is judged by knock, considers web and connector imbalance weight, is led to Calculating reasonable disposition leaf position is crossed, carries out web, blade, the experiment of connector combination, makes always to match somebody with somebody weight minimum；It is former quiet flat Problem be present and be in weighing apparatus testing program：Great to first wife in connector small and orientation judges very not science, easily causes and misdeems By mistake.Connector is run by more than ten years, and abrasion is inevitable, and connector cavity becomes filled with silt because river penetrates into precipitation, its reality Weight has very big difference with design weight, and judges that the orientation of its first wife weight is even more to vary with each individual with hammering, moreover becomes filled with silt Connector cavity with filling lead, is very indistinguishable by listening knock, and runner shift phenomenon often occurs during experiment, makes Balance bracket inwall causes experiment not to be normally carried out with cylindrical contact of balance base.

The content of the invention

The technical problems to be solved in the utility model is to provide a kind of large-scale movable propeller turbine runner body static balance Experimental rig, the center of gravity of rotatable parts and the maximum deviation of pivot can be found, and be adjusted to technical specification, To ensure that water turbine set being capable of steady running.

The technical solution of the utility model is：

A kind of large-scale movable propeller turbine runner body static balance test device, including base and balance bracket, balance Bracket cover is fixed with backing plate outside base on base upper surface, and balanced ball is provided with balance bracket and is balanced with driving The drive division that ball moves up and down, the drive division include being rotatably connected in the swivel nut of balance bracket upper end, in swivel nut Screw rod, be fixedly connected on the location-plate and balance plate of screw rod lower end, balanced ball is fixed on balance plate.

The utility model has the advantages that：This method can accurately be drawn by the measurement and calculating of science First wife is great small in connector and orientation, finds the center of gravity of rotatable parts and the maximum deviation of pivot, and adjusted to Within technical specification, to ensure that water turbine set being capable of steady running.

Brief description of the drawings

The utility model is described further below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings：

Fig. 1 is diagrammatic cross-section of the utility model on Turbine Runner static balance test device,

Fig. 2 is calculating schematic diagram when the utility model is matched on blade,

Fig. 3 is calculating schematic diagram of the utility model in calculated equilibrium device sensitivity mark modulus value,

Fig. 4 is to calculate calculating schematic diagram when remaining uneven gradient in the utility model,

Fig. 5 is schematic front view when assembly sensitivity measure is just balanced in the utility model.

Embodiment

Below to being described in further detail with reference to accompanying drawing to specific implementation process of the present utility model：

Before doing Turbine Runner static balance and being tested, it is desirable to the blade of web 11 has been removed, connector 10, piston, Crosshead, pivot, pivoted arm, which have been dismantled, to be finished, and the maintenance of connector 10 finishes, and first wife's weight lead has been removed in connector 10, balance examination It is ready to test instrument, backing plate 3 and the passed examination of balanced ball 8, wherein blance test instrument include：Test platform bearing capacity 300T1 is individual, balancing rig, M36 clamping screws 48, pressing plate and pad are each 8, high 1000mm buttresses 8,100T oil pressure 124, jack, 100T screw jack 12 each 4, level meter 2 (0.02mm/m), dial gauge and 1 set of gauge stand, level board 2 Block, 6Kg and 2.1Kg weight iron blocks are each 1, red copper pad and aluminium row are some, 5 sets of blade pad (thick 3mm), blade mount instrument 5 Set.

As shown in figure 1, wherein balancing rig includes base 1 and balance bracket 2, base 1 is enclosed on outside balance bracket 2 Outside, backing plate 3 is fixed with the upper surface of base 1, balanced ball 8 moving up and down is provided with balance bracket 2 and driving balances The drive division that ball 8 moves up and down, the drive division include being rotatably connected in the swivel nut 5 of the upper end of balance bracket 2, installed in swivel nut Screw rod 4 in 5, the location-plate 6 and balance plate 7 for being fixedly connected on the lower end of screw rod 4, balanced ball 8 are fixed on balance plate 7.

A kind of test method of large-scale movable propeller turbine runner static balance, comprises the following steps：

First, static balancing test instrument assembles

1) hoisting tool of web 11 is installed on web 11, web 11 is then hung out into maintenance using A bridges machine Hole, is suspended in appointed place overhead, then the piston in service pit is hung into appointed place with B bridges machine, after B bridge machines separate with piston, Balance bracket 2 is sling with B bridges machine, and checks whether balanced ball 8 is intact, changes balanced ball 8 immediately if defective；Then will Balance bracket 2 hangs in middle position in runner service pit；Web 11 is hung to servicing machine hole top, A bridge machine auxiliary hooks by A bridges machine Balance bracket 2 is fixedly installed on web 11 with being combined with together with B bridge machines, B bridges machine breaks off relations with balance bracket 2；And rotate Screw rod 4 in drive division, the length L that screw rod 4 is exposed to the one end of balance bracket 2 are adjusted to 1120mm；It will be rotated using A bridges machine Body is hung on one side, is hung test platform on service pit using B bridge machines.

2) base 1 is placed on test platform using B bridges machine, by being added gasket in the surrounding of base 1, by base 1 The Level-adjusting of backing plate 3 is fixedly connected to 0.02mm/m, the surrounding of base 1 is less than with test platform.

3) 8 high 1000mm buttress is evenly arranged on the anchor rings of 3850/ Φ of test platform Φ 3000, is divided on each buttress Not Fang Zhi 100T hydraulic jacks 12 and 100T screw jack 12 each 1, it is desirable to hydraulic jack 12 and screw jack 12 uniform placements of staggering, jack 12 is in middle of stroke, and always high H1 is adjusted to 1541mm for buttress, jack 12 and aluminium sheet, now, Calculating safe distance between sphere and backing plate 3 is about that (H1 and safe distance are only for reference, should be according to experiment actual conditions by 33mm It is adjusted).

2nd, first blance test

1) web 11 is hung to test platform center, alignment balance base 1 slowly falls, is placed on jack 12, allows Balance bracket 2 is enclosed on outside base 1, is made gap uniformity between the surrounding of base 1 and balance bracket 2 as far as possible during decline, is removed steel wire rope, Suspender is removed, allows between balanced ball 8 and the backing plate 3 of base 1 and leaves a certain distance；

2) connector 10 that first wife's weight lead has all taken out is installed on web 11, allows connector 10 and web 11 form an assemblys, then measure the distance of the sphere of balanced ball 8 and the plane of backing plate 3, and this distance should be in 33mm or so, then Install two blocks of level boards for being used for placing level meter respectively at the both ends of the lower surface of web 11；

3) rotary screw 4, it is moved down into balanced ball 8 and is contacted with backing plate 3, at this moment screw rod 4 exposes the one end of balance bracket 2 Length Lc should be 1087mm or so；

4) 4 screw jack 12 are dropped to and sends out identity distance blue from for 10mm or so with web 11, then by 4 hydraulic pressure thousand Jin top 12 simultaneously or sequentially slowly declines, and whether observation assembly is in stability, and it is unsuitable to be acted during decline It is excessive, prevent assembly from toppling, if assembly inclination is larger, until assembly and can own in higher side weighting material Untill jack 12 has gap.

5) effect balancing rig sensitivity is adjusted, method of adjustment is：If combination physical efficiency is toppled over to any direction, again Self-resetting is unable to, then illustrates that assembly center of gravity is too small to the distance h of the centre of sphere of balanced ball 8.Now apply the jack 12 of surrounding Assembly is jacked up again, adjusting bolt 4 is rotated, moves up the centre of sphere, to increase the distance of the centre of sphere and center of gravity；If in group Fit higher side weighting material can not still be such that assembly all departs from jack 12, then illustrate that assembly center of gravity extremely balances The centre of sphere distance h of ball 8 is too big, and assembly is now jacked up into certain altitude again with jack 12, and 4 slow backspin of adjusting bolt is made Balanced ball 8 contacts with backing plate 3, so that assembly center of gravity moves up, reduces the distance of the centre of sphere and center of gravity, it is sensitive to improve device Tested again after degree；Final checking：It can decline after placing weight in assembly outer rim optional position, at this, when weight is removed And can is gone up afterwards, and now assembly is in stability.

Calculated equilibrium device sensitivity mark modulus value Hr=0.28~0.47mm, its computational methods are：

As shown in Figure 3：Balanced ball 8 and backing plate 3 are forged with bearing steel 0Cr15, and rough surface spends 0.4, hardness RC62- 65, if the weighting material P at R；

Then because

Tg α=a/h=Hr/R

Hr=aR/h

And because

PR=G μ+Ga

A=(PR-G μ)/G

Therefore：

Hr=(PR-G μ) R/Gh (formula one)

In formula：

Hr：The sensitive scale modulus value (mm) of bascule

R:Calculate radius (mm) (distance of the horizontal direction of weight and the centre of sphere)

P:The uneven weight (kg) of residual allowable corresponding with calculating radius R

G:It is balanced thing weight (kg) (poising tool top is added should again)

μ：Coefficient of rolling friction=0.01--0.02 (mm)

H:Centre of sphere distance of centre of gravity (mm)

a:Center of gravity is to the angle between centre of sphere direction and vertical direction.

Residual unbalanced moments such as web 11 is not more than 3.5kgm, or the uneven weight of residual in radius R1900mm Place is not more than 1.84kg：The residual unbalanced moments of web 11, blade and connector combination is not more than 10.8kgm, or residual Uneven weight is not more than 6kg at radius R1800mm, then Hr is：

Just during balance, Hr=(PR-G μ) R/Gh=(2.1 × 1900-115000 × 0.01~0.02) × 1900/ (115000 × 100)=0.28~0.47 (mm)

During overall balance, Hr=(PR-G μ) R/Gh=(6.0 × 1800-232000 × 0.01~0.02) × 1800/ (232000 × 100)=0.48~0.66 (mm)

Centre of sphere distance of centre of gravity h value：

The size of h values is relevant with bascule sensitivity, and h values are bigger, and bascule sensitivity is poorer, does not reach balance Due precision, too small h values can make bascule excessively sensitive, prevent system from stablizing again.To the utility model, Suo Youchong The heart is away from h=100mm (when Balance rotary wheel body, blade, connector 10 combine, if any abnormal conditions, it may be considered that take h= 120mm)。

On remaining unbalanced moments, uneven weight is remained：

Thing is balanced after overbalance is disposed, it is not necessary to it is required that its center of gravity is fully located on object pivot.Center of gravity Distance a to rotation centerline is eccentric throw.The eccentric throw a and product M for being balanced thing weight G (including balance when institute's weighting material) (=aG) it is residual unbalanced moments.This torque, which can be converted to a certain weight P on any radius R (claiming to calculate radius), (to be claimed residual Stay uneven weight).By the torque principle of equal effects, uneven weight P=M/R is remained.Unbalanced moments is remained, remains unbalanced weight The maximum or allowable value of amount are residual unbalanced moments allowable, the uneven weight of residual allowable.

For the utility model, the residual unbalanced moments of web 11 is not more than 3.5kgm, or the uneven weight of residual It is not more than 1.84kg at radius R1900mm calculating.(original individually carries out standard during static balancing test to web 11)

The residual unbalanced moments of web, blade and connector combination is not more than 10.8kgm, or the uneven weight of residual It is not more than 6kg at radius R1800mm；

6) retry block with 2.1kg and be attached to the side of web 11, and this retries block and the distance of the centre of sphere in the horizontal direction For 1900mm, dial gauge is installed on test platform, and dial indicator measuring head is pressed on the lower surface of assembly, uses percentage Table surveys the sinking H for retrying assembly at block, and records；If H is more than Hr, sensitivity is qualified；Conversely, then need to improve sensitive Degree, untill qualified.

7) assembly balanced adjustment and relevant parameter calculate

Calculate residual tilt degree allowable：Two level meters are placed on two blocks of level boards, utilize the reading of two level meters Number calculates the residual tilt degree δ and the angle theta of incline direction and+X-axis of web 11, and measures and record the weight of additional bob-weight Pc and calculating radius R (the distance 1800mm~1900mm for retrying the horizontal direction of block and the centre of sphere).

Residual tilt degree δ and incline direction angle θ computational methods are：As shown in figure 4,

Due to remaining the effect of uneven weight, runner can tilt to a direction.Make in the uneven weight of residual allowable Under, the gradient of runner is calculated as follows：

δ r=Hr/R (mm/m)

δ r are residual tilt degree allowable

Hr-and in the presence of the uneven weight of residual allowable, runner is calculating the sinking at radius R, based on formula one Calculate, unit turns to mm；

R-calculating radius (m).

For just balance, δ r=Hr/R=0.28~0.47/1.9=0.15~0.25 (mm/m)

For following overall balances, δ r=Hr/R=0.48~0.66/1.8=0.27~0.37 (mm/m).

δ computational methods are as follows：

On two blocks of level boards that diametric(al) is arranged symmetrically in runner lower surface, a level meter is respectively put at same diameter, one Individual suitable circumferential (level meter 1), another is along radially (level meter 2), and they are each other in T-shaped.Place the diametric(al) of level meter X-direction is defined as, direction normal thereto is defined as Y-direction, as shown in Figure 4.

If level meter 1 measures runner and rolled tiltedly towards+Y, reading is δ y (mm/m), and level meter 2 measures runner and rolled towards+X Tiltedly, reading is δ x (mm/m), and using Vector modulation rule, runner tilts towards first quartile：

δ=(δ x2+ δ y2) 1/2

Incline direction angle：

θ=arctg δ y/ δ x

Web residual tilt degree δ and incline direction and the angle theta survey calculation method of+X-axis are as follows：

δ=(δ x2+ δ y2) 1/2

θ=arctg δ y/ δ x

If δ is less than δ r, remain that uneven gradient is qualified, weight, orientation and the radius of record institute weighting material.

The residual imbalance residual tilt degree δ of runner is more than δ r, otherwise represents also to continue to match somebody with somebody in the lighter side of runner Weight, until qualified.

Quality requirement：For just balance, δ r=Hr/R=0.28~0.47/1.9=0.15~0.25 (mm/m)

11) orientation where calculating the eccentric throw and center of gravity of assembly center of gravity.

Computational methods are：If institute weighting material weight P (Kg), place radius R (cm), body weight G (Kg) is combined, then assembly center of gravity Eccentric throw a approximations calculated with below equation：

A=PR/G (cm)

If the orientation of institute's weighting material is consistent with the incline direction line of web, it is believed that orientation where assembly center of gravity It is consistent with web incline direction line.

After first blance test terminates, assembly is jacked up into certain altitude with jack, balanced ball is completely disengaged with backing plate.

3rd, blade is matched

Leaf weight and position of centre of gravity, typically determined before blade dispatches from the factory and had record.If do not recorded, need Blade is weighed and center of gravity calculation, assembly position of centre of gravity is tried to achieve in first blance test in addition.

Blade configuration is calculated using trial and error procedure；

The computational methods of trial and error procedure are：As shown in Fig. 2 Wi-a certain leaf weight；

Xi, Yi-a certain blade center of gravity coordinate；

G-combination body weight；

Ax, ay-assembly barycentric coodinates.

Square is asked to x-axis so that Σ wiYi+Gay are minimum.

Square is asked to y-axis so that Σ wiXi+Gax are minimum.It is computed after thinking result satisfaction, you can by this configuration blade.

It is as follows, reasonable arrangement blade order, ask x, y-axis square to cause Σ wiYi+Gay and Σ wiXi+Gax value most respectively It is small.

Calculate size and orientation with weight：

After configuring blade by above-mentioned position, its unbalanced moments is pressed into Vector modulation M=[(Σ wiYi+Gay) 2+ (wiXi+ Gax)2]1/2

Azimuthal angle beta=arctg [(Σ wiYi+Gay)/(wiXi+Gax)]

, need to be in symmetrical a part counterweight to balance this torque, institute's add weight is to calculate to match somebody with somebody weight Pj=M/Rp, Rp in formula For counterweight radius, match somebody with somebody in the cavity of connector 10 and refetch Rp=190cm.Actual counterweight orientation is 180 ° of+β.

4th, overall balance is tested

1) suspender of connector 10 is installed, the bolt of connector 10 is removed, is hung away connector 10 with A bridges machine.

2) the arc hoisting ring of web 11 is installed, web 11 is hung to appointed place overhead with A bridges machine, not decoupling device, and Check that balanced ball 8 has flawless or concave point, if so, then needing to change balanced ball 8, check whether the flat board of backing plate 3 has crackle or pit, If so, then need to change backing plate 3；Jack 12 and Zhi Dun on clearance test platform, test platform is hung away with B bridge machines.

3) runner maintenance buttress is placed on service pit, A bridge machines are hung into web 11 falls on buttress, removes lifting Ring, by the blade numbering hoisting blade matched, secured the vanes to M90 screws by connecting plate on web 11, blade It should in turn be symmetrically installed, blade angle Ψ=- 12 °, the thick steel plates of 3mm are padded between blade flange end face and brasses end face.

4) rotary screw 4, screw rod 4 is exposed the length Lc of the one end of balance bracket 2 and should be 1200mm or so, then by connector 10 are lifted on web 11, fixed each bolt, and installation turn lid is simultaneously urgent, hang out runner with A bridge machines and assemble, will with B bridges machine Test platform is hung on service pit, and adjustment balance Floor water Pingdu makes it within 0.02mm/m.

5) Zhi Dun and jack 12 are placed on test platform according to the method for above-mentioned just balance, jack 12 is in center row Journey, now the total height of buttress, jack 12 and aluminium sheet can be adjusted to H2, overall center of gravity is upward after mounting blade due to assembly Move about 83mm, for ensure be balanced thing center of gravity and the distance between the centre of sphere it is constant, ensure the sensitivity of bascule, then About 83mm should be increased by must being fulfilled for its outer length of adjusting bolt 4 when bracket balanced ball 8 contacts with backing plate 3, and instant Lz should Being adjusted to about Lz=Lc+83, i.e. Lz takes 1170mm, is converted according to geometry, and H2 values are about 1458mm, now, sphere and backing plate 3 Between calculating safe distance be about 30mm.

6) A bridge machines are hung into runner assembling and is hung to test platform center, alignment poising tool base 1, slowly fallen, be placed on On jack 12, make the gap uniformity between balance base 1 and balance bracket 2 as far as possible；Remove to turn over and cover and hang opening with A bridge machines It is appropriate；By the 4 slow backspin of adjusting bolt of bracket, balanced ball 8 is contacted with backing plate 3, now measure screw rod 4 and expose balance bracket 2 The length Lz of one end should be 1170mm or so.

7) assembly is determined according to the method for adjustment that effect balancing rig sensitivity is adjusted in above-mentioned just blance test Whether stable equilibrium and the sensitivity to assembly are revised.

8) calculated equilibrium device sensitivity mark modulus value Hr=0.48~0.66mm.

9) block is retried with 6kg, is added in and calculates at radius 1800mm, with the sinking H at dial gauge Actual measurement radius, and Record；If H is more than Hr, sensitivity is qualified；Conversely, then need to improve sensitivity, untill qualified.

10) assembly balanced adjustment and relevant parameter calculate, calculate residual tilt degree δ r=Hr/R (mm/m) allowable= 0.27~0.37mm/m, calculates the residual tilt degree δ and the angle theta of incline direction and+X-axis of web, and measures and record attached Add the weight Pz and radius of counterweight.

Make runner assembling horizontal in runner assembling side leading block, if added lead deviates calculated incline direction very Far, then need to move lead, make it most effective close to the incline direction line of web, so added lead as far as possible.Treat that runner assembles After levelness is qualified, the computational methods of δ and θ in being tested by above-mentioned rough balance, which calculate runner assembling, (should now include institute Weighting material) gradient δ and incline direction angle θ：

Runner assembles residual tilt degree δ and incline direction and the angle theta survey calculation method of+X-axis is as follows：

δ=(δ x2+ δ y2) 1/2

θ=arctg δ y/ δ x

If δ is less than δ r, it is qualified to remain uneven gradient.

After overall balance is qualified, this result is simultaneously pressed torque phase by the weight and place radius of lead added by record, place orientation Deng principle convert to connector 10 fill lead at；If added lead fails to lay down in connector 10, lower cover chamber can be placed on, but now Lower cover should participate in balancing.

11) after filling lead counterweight welding blow to connector 10, if then fine balance check runners residual imbalance incline Gradient is less than residual tilt degree allowable, then balancing work terminates, and counterweight is otherwise repeated, to meeting the requirements.It is actual to match somebody with somebody weight It is calculated as Ppz.

5th, round-off work

After overall balance off-test, runner is assembled with jack 12 and jacks up certain altitude, makes balanced ball 8 and backing plate 3 complete Total detachment, blance test instrument is dismantled, lid will be turned over and put together on connector 10；Runner assembling is hung away with A bridges machine, with B bridges Machine hangs spending pier, jack 12, poising tool base 1 and test platform etc.；By runner be put in runner hole in, dismounting turn over lid and Connector 10, dismantle blade；T240 screw rods 4 are hung with A bridge machines, the bolt of balance bracket 2 is pulled down, balance bracket 2 is put to maintenance In hole, balance bracket 2 is hung away with B bridge machines, then the piston that maintenance finishes is hung in into runner service pit with B bridges machine；By web 11 It is hung on the buttress of runner service pit, so far static balancing test terminates.

Claims (1)

1. A kind of 1. large-scale movable propeller turbine runner body static balance test device, it is characterised in that：Including base（1）Peace Weigh bracket（2）, balance bracket（2）It is enclosed on base outside（1）Outside, in base（1）Backing plate is fixed with upper surface（3）, in poise nut Frame（2）It is interior to be provided with balanced ball（8）With with drive balanced ball（8）The drive division moved up and down, the drive division include rotatably connecting It is connected on balance bracket（2）The swivel nut of upper end（5）, installed in swivel nut（5）Interior screw rod（4）, be fixedly connected on screw rod（4）Lower end Location-plate（6）And balance plate（7）, balanced ball（8）It is fixed on balance plate（7）On.