CN206697554U - A kind of servicing unit of fuel cell cold-starting - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of fuel cells, in particular to an auxiliary device for starting a fuel cell at low temperature. An auxiliary device for starting a fuel cell at low temperature, comprising a fuel cell stack, an electric heating device, a main fan, a casing, a circulating fan and a circulating air channel; the fuel cell stack is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet, and the air inlet The port is used to introduce air into the cathode inlet of the fuel cell stack, and the air outlet is used to discharge the exhaust gas generated by the fuel cell stack; the electric heating device is arranged at the air inlet of the fuel cell stack, It is used for heating the air around the air inlet; the main fan is arranged at the air outlet of the fuel cell stack, and is used for sucking the air at the air inlet of the fuel cell stack into the fuel cell stack. The utility model uses the auxiliary device to start the fuel cell in the way of hot tail gas circulation heating, and can quickly start the fuel cell under the condition of very little power consumption.

Description

An auxiliary device for starting a fuel cell at low temperature

technical field

The utility model relates to the technical field of fuel cells, in particular to an auxiliary device for starting a fuel cell at low temperature.

Background technique

Due to its excellent performance, fuel cells have become a research hotspot in various countries in the world, and have played a huge role in power generation, mobile power supply, and vehicle power supply. The research on fuel cell vehicles is getting deeper and deeper, but there are still technical bottlenecks in its commercialization. How to improve the low-temperature start-up performance is one of the key issues.

When the temperature inside the fuel cell is below freezing point, the water produced by the operation of the fuel cell will freeze. Before the temperature in the battery rises to zero, if the water in the catalytic layer freezes, the electrochemical reaction will be stopped due to the freezing of the reaction area. At the same time, the formation of ice may cause serious damage to the structure of the membrane electrode assembly due to volume expansion. destroy.

Most of the existing fuel cell systems need auxiliary methods for cold start, such as auxiliary power heating, cooling medium heating, hot gas purging, direct contact reaction inside the hydrogen-oxygen battery, etc. The existing auxiliary power heating method often has the problems of long cold start time and excessive power consumption.

Utility model content

Aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, the utility model proposes an auxiliary device for low-temperature start-up of the fuel cell, which adopts the way of hot tail gas circulation heating, makes full use of the existing waste heat, and the waste heat infinitely reciprocates to heat the battery stack, and the utilization rate is high, so that The battery stack can heat up quickly and more evenly while consuming less power.

The technical solution adopted by the utility model to solve the technical problem is: an auxiliary device for low-temperature start-up of a fuel cell, including a fuel cell stack, an electric heating device, a main fan, a housing, a circulating fan and a circulating air channel;

The fuel cell stack is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet, the air inlet is used to introduce air into the cathode inlet of the fuel cell stack, and the air outlet is used to discharge the exhaust gas generated by the fuel cell stack;

The electric heating device is arranged at the air inlet of the fuel cell stack, and is used to heat the air around the air inlet;

The main fan is arranged at the air outlet of the fuel cell stack, and is used for sucking the air at the air inlet of the fuel cell stack into the fuel cell stack, and blowing the exhaust gas generated by the fuel cell stack from the Suction at the gas outlet of the fuel cell stack;

One side wall of the housing is used to install the main fan so that the outlet of the main fan is located inside the housing;

The air outlet of the circulation fan communicates with the casing;

One end of the circulating air channel communicates with the air outlet of the circulating fan, and the other end communicates with the air inlet of the fuel cell stack.

Preferably, each of the main fan, the circulation fan and the circulation air channel constitutes an exhaust gas circulation mechanism, and the auxiliary device includes two symmetrically arranged exhaust gas circulation mechanisms.

Preferably, the electric heating device includes heating plates arranged horizontally and vertically in a staggered manner, and the horizontal heating plates and the vertical heating plates form an air heating channel that allows air to pass through.

Preferably, the electric heating device is provided with a dust-proof device, the dust-proof device includes a frame sleeved outside the electric heating device, and a filter cloth net arranged on the frame, the filter cloth net It is detachably connected with the frame.

Preferably, the filter cloth is provided with buckles connected with the frame.

Preferably, an adhesive layer is provided on the filter cloth net, and an opposing adhesive layer is provided on the frame to fit and connect with the adhesive layer.

Preferably, the filter cloth net includes a first filter layer and a second filter layer, and an activated carbon layer arranged between the first filter layer and the second filter layer.

Preferably, the main fan includes an air guide ring, fan blades and a shaft sleeve, and the fan blades include a pair of symmetrically arranged first fan blades, a symmetrically arranged pair of second fan blades, and a symmetrically arranged pair of first fan blades. Three wind blades, the inclination angle of the first wind blade is 35 degrees, the inclination angle of the second wind blade is 45 degrees, and the inclination angle of the third wind blade is 55 degrees.

Preferably, thermal insulation films are provided inside the housing and inside the circulating air channel.

Preferably, a temperature-sensitive film is provided on the outside of the housing and the circulating air channel.

The beneficial effect of the utility model is that the fuel cell can be started quickly with very little power consumption by using the auxiliary device to start the fuel cell by means of circulating heating of the hot exhaust gas; the circulating heating can make the temperature rise of the battery stack more uniform , Most of the circulating gas directly acts on the upper part, avoiding the slow temperature rise of the upper part of the battery stack and the faster temperature rise of the lower part during heating.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of an auxiliary device for starting a fuel cell at low temperature according to the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the top view of auxiliary device in Fig. 1;

Figure 3 is a rear view of the auxiliary device in Figure 1;

Fig. 4 is a side view of the auxiliary device in Fig. 1;

Fig. 5 is a partial structural schematic diagram of the electric heating device in Fig. 1;

Fig. 6 is a partial structural schematic diagram of the dustproof device in Fig. 1;

Among them, 1. Electric heating device, 2. Dustproof device, 3. Circulating air channel, 4. Circulating fan, 5. Housing, 6. Main fan, 7. Fuel cell stack.

detailed description

The technical scheme of the utility model will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and through specific embodiments.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 , an auxiliary device for starting a fuel cell at low temperature includes a fuel cell stack 7 , an electric heating device 1 , a main fan 6 , a casing 5 , a circulating fan 4 and a circulating air channel 3 . The fuel cell stack 7 is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet, the air inlet is used to introduce air into the cathode inlet of the fuel cell stack 7, and the air outlet is used to transfer the gas produced by the fuel cell stack 7 Exhaust exhaust. The electric heating device 1 is arranged at the air inlet of the fuel cell stack 7 for heating the air around the air inlet. The main fan 6 is arranged at the air outlet of the fuel cell stack 7, and is used for sucking the air at the air inlet of the fuel cell stack 7 into the fuel cell stack 7, and generating air from the fuel cell stack 7. The exhaust gas is sucked out from the gas outlet of the fuel cell stack 7 . One side wall of the casing 5 is used for installing the main fan 6 , so that the outlet of the main fan 6 is located inside the casing 5 . The air outlet of the circulation fan 4 communicates with the casing 5 . One end of the circulating air channel 3 communicates with the air outlet of the circulating fan 4 , and the other end communicates with the air inlet of the fuel cell stack 7 .

The low-temperature start-up process of the fuel cell is as follows. In a low-temperature environment, start the auxiliary device first, turn on the main power supply, and then the electric heating device 1 is energized to work, and starts to heat the air at the air inlet of the fuel cell stack 7, and then the main fan 6 operates to dissipate the added air. Inhale the fuel cell stack 7 to heat the fuel cell stack 7, and at the same time the circulation fan 4 starts to run, draws the hot exhaust gas from the rear end of the fuel cell stack 7 into the circulating air channel 3, and the exhaust gas circulates to the air inlet of the fuel cell stack 7 , the residual heat continues to heat the fuel cell stack 7, and when the fuel cell stack 7 reaches an appropriate temperature, the cell stack starts to work.

The hot tail gas circulation heating method is adopted to make full use of the existing waste heat, and the waste heat infinitely reciprocates to heat the battery stack, so that the battery stack can heat up quickly, and at the same time greatly reduces the power consumption of the low-temperature start-up of the fuel cell.

Each of the main fan 6 , the circulation fan 4 and the circulation air channel 3 constitutes an exhaust gas circulation mechanism, and the auxiliary device includes two symmetrically arranged exhaust gas circulation mechanisms. That is to say, the auxiliary device adopts two main fans 6, two circulation fans 4 and two circulation air channels 3 to circulate and heat the waste gas of the battery stack. Under the condition of reasonable setting structure, the circulation rate of waste gas is greatly improved, and the The heating rate of the battery stack.

As shown in FIG. 5 , the electric heating device 1 includes heating plates arranged horizontally and vertically in a staggered manner. The horizontal heating plates and the vertical heating plates form an air heating channel that allows air to pass through. The total heating area of the heating plates of the electric heating device 1 is large. A large amount of cold air can be heated at the same time, and the cold air can be fully heated to a certain temperature after passing through the heating channel, which further improves the heating rate of the battery stack and shortens the start-up time of the fuel cell stack 7 .

As shown in FIG. 6 , the electric heating device 1 is provided with a dustproof device 2 to prevent dust and impurities from entering the electric heating device 1 and affecting the heating operation of the electric heating device 1 . The dustproof device 2 includes a frame sleeved on the outside of the electric heating device 1, and a filter cloth set on the frame. The dustproof device 2 can be directly sleeved on the entrance of the electric heating device 1 through the frame, and the installation is simple and convenient. The filter cloth is detachably connected to the frame. After the filter cloth has been used for a certain period of time, the filter cloth can be removed from the frame to replace a new filter cloth, or the filter cloth can be cleaned and then cleaned. Reinstall on the frame. An adhesive layer is provided on the filter cloth net, and an adhesive layer is provided on the frame to cooperate with the adhesive layer. The adhesive layer can be connected together, and the installation is simple and convenient. Or the filter cloth net is provided with buckles connected with the frame, and the filter cloth net is installed directly through the buckles, which is also very simple and convenient. The filter cloth net includes a first filter layer and a second filter layer, and an activated carbon layer arranged between the first filter layer and the second filter layer, through which the activated carbon layer can remove Harmful gas removal to prolong the life of the battery stack.

The main fan 6 includes a wind guide ring, fan blades and a shaft sleeve, and the fan blades include a pair of symmetrically arranged first fan blades, a symmetrically arranged pair of second fan blades, and a symmetrically arranged pair of third fan blades. blades, the inclination angle of the first fan blade is 35 degrees, the inclination angle of the second fan blade is 45 degrees, and the inclination angle of the third fan blade is 55 degrees. Through the air guide ring, all the exhaust gas can enter the interior of the housing 5, and the fan blades arranged at a specific inclination angle can greatly increase the air flow, thereby increasing the suction force of the air, and further accelerating the circulation rate of the exhaust gas.

The interior of the casing 5 and the interior of the circulating air passage 3 are provided with thermal insulation films, which can store the heat of the exhaust gas in the casing 5 and the interior of the circulating air passage 3, avoiding its loss, and further speeding up the heating of the fuel cell stack 7. Start up speed and reduce power consumption. The outside of the housing 5 and the circulating air channel 3 are provided with a temperature-sensitive film, and the temperature-sensitive film will change color according to the actual temperature. Through the temperature-sensitive film, the thermal insulation effect of the housing 5 and the circulating air channel 3 can be known, and The damage of the thermal insulation film, in order to replace or repair the thermal insulation film in time.

The above-mentioned embodiments are only descriptions of preferred implementations of the present utility model, and are not intended to limit the concept and scope of the present utility model. Under the premise of not departing from the design concept of the present utility model, various modifications and improvements made by ordinary persons in the art to the technical solution of the present utility model should fall into the protection scope of the present utility model, and the technology claimed by the utility model The contents are all described in the claims.

Claims (10)

1. A kind of 1. servicing unit of fuel cell cold-starting, it is characterised in that：Including fuel cell pack（7）, electric heater unit （1）, main fan（6）, housing（5）, circulating fan（4）With circulated air passage（3）；

   The fuel cell pack（7）Provided with air inlet and gas outlet, the air inlet is used to direct the air into the fuel cell Heap（7）Cathode inlet, the gas outlet is used for the fuel cell pack（7）Caused waste gas discharge；

   The electric heater unit（1）Located at the fuel cell pack（7）Air inlet at, for by the sky around the air inlet Gas heats；

   The main fan（6）Located at the fuel cell pack（7）Gas outlet at, for by the fuel cell pack（7）Air inlet Air at mouthful sucks the fuel cell pack（7）, and by the fuel cell pack（7）Caused waste gas is from the fuel cell Heap（7）Gas outlet at suction out；

   The housing（5）A side wall be used for the main fan is installed（6）, make the main fan（6）Outlet be located at the shell Body（5）Inside；

   The circulating fan（4）Suction opeing and the housing（5）Connection；

   The circulated air passage（3）One end and the circulating fan（4）Air outlet connection, the other end and the fuel cell Heap（7）Air inlet connection.
2. A kind of 2. servicing unit of fuel cell cold-starting according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Each master Fan（6）, the circulating fan（4）With the circulated air passage（3）A waste gas circulation mechanism is formed, the servicing unit includes Two symmetrically arranged waste gas circulation mechanisms.
3. A kind of 3. servicing unit of fuel cell cold-starting according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The electrical heating Device（1）Including the heating plate being staggered anyhow, Transverse Heated plate forms the air for allowing air to pass through with vertical heating plate Heat passage.
4. A kind of 4. servicing unit of fuel cell cold-starting according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The electrical heating Device（1）It is provided with dust guard（2）, the dust guard（2）Including being socketed in the electric heater unit（1）Outside frame Frame, and set filtering on said frame to arrange net, the filtering is arranged net to be detachably connected with the framework.
5. A kind of 5. servicing unit of fuel cell cold-starting according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：The filter cloth It is online to be provided with the buckle being connected with the framework.
6. A kind of 6. servicing unit of fuel cell cold-starting according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：The filter cloth Online to be provided with adhesive layer, the framework is provided with adhesive layer mating connection to sticking layer.
7. A kind of 7. servicing unit of fuel cell cold-starting according to claim 4 or 5 or 6, it is characterised in that：It is described Filtering is arranged net including the first filtering meshes and the second filtering meshes, and is arranged on first filtering meshes and second mistake Active carbon layer between filter mesh layer.
8. A kind of 8. servicing unit of fuel cell cold-starting according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The main fan （6）Including air-ducting ring, fan blade and axle sleeve, the fan blade include symmetrically arranged a pair of first fan blades, symmetrically arranged a pair Two fan blades, and symmetrically arranged a pair of the 3rd fan blades, the inclination angle of first fan blade is 35 degree, the inclination of second fan blade Angle is 45 degree, and the angle of inclination of the 3rd fan blade is 55 degree.
9. A kind of 9. servicing unit of fuel cell cold-starting according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The housing （5）Internal and described circulated air passage（3）Inside is provided with thermal insulation separation hotting mask.
10. A kind of 10. servicing unit of fuel cell cold-starting according to claim 9, it is characterised in that：The housing （5）Outside and described circulated air passage（3）Outside is provided with temperature sense film.