CN206692659U - A kind of cities and towns solid waste reactor for producing acid phase with diphasic anaerobic digestion - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the field of solid waste treatment devices and discloses a two-phase anaerobic digestion phase reactor for acid production of urban solid waste. The two-phase anaerobic digestion acid production phase reactor includes a pretreatment device distributed from top to bottom, a hydrolysis acidification area and a methane production area; a pulverizer and a heating device are arranged in the pretreatment device, and a feed channel is provided It is connected with the hydrolytic acidification area; a rotatable semi-closed drum reactor and a heating device are arranged in the hydrolytic acidification area, and a multi-layer propulsion type spiral agitator is arranged in the drum reactor; the hydrolysis acidification area is connected with the methanogenic area through a partition Separated, but a diversion tube is set to connect the two; a heating device is set in the methane-producing area. The reactor of the utility model adopts an integrated design, which integrates pretreatment, reaction fermentation, temperature control and gas collection, and becomes a typical multi-functional equipment, which can reduce the loss in the process of material transfer and make the space of each part be effectively used .

Description

A two-phase anaerobic digestion phase reactor for acid production of urban solid waste

technical field

The utility model belongs to the field of solid waste treatment devices, in particular to a two-phase anaerobic digestion acid production phase reactor for urban solid waste.

Background technique

Urban solid waste refers to the waste generated with the development of national industrial production and the improvement of people's living quality, especially the sludge, garden waste, kitchen waste and other biomass waste in urban solid waste, which has become the main urban solid waste. . This kind of garbage not only occupies a lot of land resources, but also pollutes the air, land, and water sources, affecting people's normal work and life, and at the same time endangering people's health. If this kind of garbage comes into contact with crops and poultry, it will easily lead to the spread of diseases. In order to realize the sustainable development of resources, it is necessary to realize resource utilization of such wastes.

Anaerobic digestion refers to the process of decomposing and converting organic matter into methane, carbon dioxide, inorganic nutrients and humus with the help of a variety of microbial flora in an anoxic environment. Since urban solid waste is rich in dissolved substances, cellulose, fat, protein and other organic matter, and has a high water content, anaerobic digestion technology can realize resource utilization, reduction and high efficiency. At present, the use of anaerobic digestion technology to treat urban solid waste is an important topic in the field of environmental protection at home and abroad.

The composition of urban solid waste is complex. The anaerobic digestion process consists of two stages. The first stage is the hydrolysis and acid production stage, that is, hydrogen-producing and acetogenic bacteria convert macromolecular substances in urban solid waste into methanogenic bacteria. The small molecular substances used, such as acetic acid, propionic acid, pentanoic acid, etc.; the second stage is the methanogenic stage, which is to convert the small molecular substances in the hydrolysis and acidification stage into methane. According to whether the hydrolytic acidification stage and the methanogenic stage are in the same reactor, anaerobic digestion can be divided into single-phase anaerobic digestion and two-phase anaerobic digestion. Because acid-producing bacteria and methanogenic bacteria have different requirements in terms of physiology, growth environment, and nutrition, the system operation will be very unstable if single-phase anaerobic digestion is used, and it is difficult to independently control the living conditions of microbial flora at different stages. The two-phase anaerobic digestion separates the acid-producing stage and the methanogenic stage in two independent areas, so that acid-producing bacteria and methanogenic bacteria can grow under the most suitable conditions, which is conducive to giving full play to their maximum effectiveness. , improving the stability of the anaerobic digestion system.

For general small molecular substances, the hydrolysis and acidification stage is easy to realize, and the methanation stage becomes the main rate-limiting factor, while for urban solid waste rich in biomass, the hydrolysis and acidification stage becomes the primary rate-limiting factor , The effect of acid production by hydrolysis will directly affect the reaction rate of the entire anaerobic digestion and the subsequent gas production performance. Therefore, the development of high-efficiency, low-consumption, and environmentally friendly acid production phase reactors has become the core of anaerobic digestion technology.

The design of an acid-producing phase reactor suitable for two-phase anaerobic digestion of urban solid waste needs to solve various problems such as material mixing, temperature control, anti-corrosion, and life extension. At present, there are few reactors for this stage in China, and there are only a few Small-scale experimental devices mainly rely on imports, which are expensive. Therefore, the development of engineering acid phase reactors suitable for my country's urban solid waste has become the primary requirement for my country's urban solid waste treatment.

Utility model content

In order to solve the above shortcomings and deficiencies of the prior art, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a two-phase anaerobic digestion acid production phase reactor for urban solid waste. The reactor can realize the integration of anaerobic digestion process. By hydrolyzing and acidifying urban solid waste with low consumption, it can provide small molecular acids that can be directly used by methanogenic bacteria for subsequent fermentation and gas production, and finally obtain and generate methane gas that can be reused. Realize the reduction, recycling and high efficiency of urban biomass waste.

The utility model purpose is realized through the following technical solutions:

A two-phase anaerobic digestion acid production phase reactor for urban solid waste, including a pretreatment device distributed from top to bottom, a hydrolysis acidification area and a methane production area; a pulverizer and a heating device are arranged in the pretreatment device, and The feed channel is set to be connected with the hydrolysis acidification area; a rotatable semi-closed drum reactor and a heating device are arranged in the hydrolysis acidification area, and a multi-layer propulsion type spiral agitator is arranged in the drum reactor; the hydrolysis acidification area is passed through a partition It is separated from the methane-producing area, but a diversion tube is set to connect the two; a heating device is installed in the methane-producing area.

Further, an exhaust port is provided on the top of the hydrolytic acidification area, and a gas flow meter is provided on the exhaust port and connected to a gas collection tank.

Further, the rotatable semi-closed drum reactor is provided with a pH electrode and a redox electrode for real-time monitoring of the pH and redox potential in the reactor.

Further, the rotatable semi-closed drum reactor is a semi-closed design with the upper part hollowed out and the lower part closed, and the acid solution can flow out through rotation, thereby controlling the hydrolysis and acidification time.

Further, the multi-layer propulsion type spiral agitator is connected with a motor located outside the hydrolytic acidification area through a rotating shaft.

Further, the separator is made of non-heat-conducting and corrosion-resistant materials.

Further, a pH electrode and a redox electrode are provided in the methanogenic area for real-time monitoring of the pH and redox potential in the methanogenic area.

Further, an exhaust port is provided on the upper part of the methanogenic area, and a gas flow meter is provided on the exhaust port and connected to a gas collection tank.

Further, a slag outlet is provided at the lower part of the methanogenic area.

Further, the outer wall of the main body of the two-phase anaerobic digestion acid production phase reactor and the drum reactor are made of transparent materials.

Further, a control panel is set outside the two-phase anaerobic digestion acid production phase reactor. It is used to control the rotation speed of the pulverizer in the pretreatment device, the rotation speed and direction of the multi-layer propulsion screw agitator, the temperature of each area, and the readings of the pH electrode and redox electrode.

Compared with conventional anaerobic digestion reactors, the two-phase anaerobic digestion acid production phase reactor of the utility model has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

(1) The reactor of the utility model adopts an integrated design, which integrates pretreatment, reaction fermentation, temperature control, and gas collection, and becomes a typical multifunctional equipment, which can reduce the loss in the process of material transfer. have been effectively used.

(2) The utility model realizes the low-consumption and high-efficiency operation of the reactor. The use of a horizontal multi-layer propulsion-type spiral agitator with small flow resistance can ensure that the biomass waste with high viscosity is fully mixed under the condition of low energy consumption, increases the contact area of the reactants, and increases the reaction rate.

(3) The utility model realizes the control of the hydrolysis and acidification time. By rotating the rotatable semi-closed drum reactor, the residence time of the acid solution in the drum is controlled, that is, the time of hydrolysis and acidification, and the time of volatile fatty acids is monitored by taking liquid in real time, and the time of hydrolysis and acidification is controlled, which can effectively save time and prevent The loss of small molecular substances caused by hydrolysis and acidification for too long.

(4) The utility model realizes real-time monitoring. Real-time monitoring of the reaction process can be realized through the pH electrode and redox electrode in the acid-producing phase and the methanogenic phase, which facilitates timely adjustment of pH, temperature and other factors that affect the anaerobic digestion reaction, and is conducive to increasing the amount of methane produced.

(5) The reactor of the utility model has good environmental protection characteristics. During the process of treating urban solid waste, the reactor will not cause secondary pollution to the environment because the whole device is a closed structure.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the two-phase anaerobic digestion acid production phase reactor described in the embodiment of the utility model.

detailed description

The utility model will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments and accompanying drawings, but the implementation of the utility model is not limited thereto.

Example 1

A schematic diagram of a two-phase anaerobic digestion acid production phase reactor for urban solid waste in this embodiment is shown in FIG. 1 . The device consists of a pretreatment device 1 distributed from top to bottom, a hydrolysis acidification zone 5 and a methanogenic zone 19; a pulverizer 2 and a heating device 3 are arranged in the pretreatment device 1, and a feed channel 4 and a hydrolysis zone are provided. The acidification areas 5 are connected; in the hydrolysis acidification area 5, a rotatable semi-closed drum reactor 6 and a heating device 15 are arranged, and a multi-layer propulsion type screw agitator 8 is arranged in the drum reactor 6, and the hydrolysis acidification area 5 passes through a partition The plate 16 is separated from the methanogenic area 19, but a draft tube 17 is provided to connect the two; a heating device 20 is arranged in the methanogenic area.

The main body of the reactor is generally in the shape of a cuboid, and the upper part is two pretreatment devices 1. The pretreatment device is generally cylindrical and made of stainless steel; The outer walls of the methane-producing region 19 are all made of transparent materials, and operators can monitor the reaction conditions in the reactor in real time.

The semi-closed drum reactor 6 in the hydrolytic acidification area 5 is made of transparent material, the multi-layer propulsion type spiral agitator 8 can be used to stir the mixed material, the rotating shaft 7 in the middle plays a role of support and rotation, and the semi-closed drum reaction The upper part of the device 6 is designed in a hollowed-out 28 style, and the lower part is closed. By rotating the rotating shaft 7, the acid solution can flow out, thereby controlling the hydrolysis and acidification time; the pH electrode 9 and the redox electrode 10 located in the drum reactor 6 can be used Monitor the pH and redox potential in the reactor in real time; the gas generated in this area can pass through the exhaust port 12, the gas flow rate is measured by the gas flow meter 13, and then collected by the gas collection tank 14 to prevent gas accumulation; located in this area The diversion pipe 17 at the bottom is used to lead out the acid liquid, and the valve 18 on the diversion pipe can control the outflow of the acid liquid.

The multi-layer propulsion type spiral agitator 8 is connected with the motor 11 located outside the hydrolytic acidification area 5 through the rotating shaft 7, and the opening or closing of the multi-layer propulsion type spiral agitator 8 can be controlled by the motor 11, and can also be controlled by the control panel 24 Control the direction and speed of stirring.

The methanogenic area 19 communicates with the hydrolytic acidification area 5 through the draft tube 17, and the acid liquid flowing out from the draft tube contacts with the substrate in the methanogenic area 19 to carry out the reaction of the methanogenic phase, and the heating device 20 can achieve independent control of the The purpose of zone temperature; The pH electrode 21 and redox electrode 22 that are positioned at the bottom of methanogenic zone 19 can be used for real-time monitoring pH and redox potential in the methanogenic zone; The gas that this zone produces can pass exhaust port 25, by gas flow rate Meter 26 measures the gas flow, and then collects by gas tank 27. The residue produced by the reaction is discharged through the slag outlet 23. The control panel 24 located outside the reactor can control the rotational speed of the pulverizer 2 in the pretreatment device, the rotational speed and direction of the multi-layer propulsion type screw agitator 8, the temperature of the hydrolysis acidification area and the methane production area, and check the pH electrode 9, oxidation Readings of reduction electrode 10, pH electrode 21, redox electrode 22.

The above-mentioned embodiment is a preferred implementation mode of the present utility model, but the implementation mode of the present utility model is not limited by the above-mentioned embodiment, and any other changes, modifications and substitutions made without departing from the spirit and principle of the present utility model , combination, and simplification, all should be equivalent replacement methods, and are all included in the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims (10)

1. A two-phase anaerobic digestion acid production phase reactor for urban solid waste, characterized in that: the two-phase anaerobic digestion acid production phase reactor comprises a pretreatment device distributed from top to bottom, a hydrolysis acidification zone and a production Methane area; a pulverizer and a heating device are arranged in the pretreatment device, and a feed channel is connected to the hydrolysis acidification area; a rotatable semi-closed drum reactor and a heating device are arranged in the hydrolysis acidification area, and the drum The reactor is equipped with a multi-layer propulsion type spiral agitator; the hydrolytic acidification area is separated from the methanogenic area by a partition, but a diversion pipe is set to connect the two; a heating device is installed in the methanogenic area. 2. A kind of phase reactor for two-phase anaerobic digestion of urban solid waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: an exhaust port is arranged on the top of the hydrolysis acidification area, and a gas flow meter is arranged on the exhaust port and connected to to the gas tank. 3. A phase reactor for two-phase anaerobic digestion of urban solid waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: a pH electrode and a redox electrode are arranged in the rotatable semi-closed drum reactor. 4. A phase reactor for two-phase anaerobic digestion of urban solid waste for acid production according to claim 1, characterized in that: the rotatable semi-closed drum reactor is a semi-closed design with a hollow upper part and a closed lower part. 5. A two-phase anaerobic digestion acid production phase reactor for urban solid waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: the multi-layer propulsion type spiral agitator is connected to a motor located outside the hydrolysis and acidification area through a rotating shaft. 6. A phase reactor for two-phase anaerobic digestion of urban solid waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: the partition is made of non-heat-conducting and corrosion-resistant materials. 7. A two-phase anaerobic digestion acid production phase reactor for urban solid waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: a pH electrode and a redox electrode are provided in the methane production area. 8. A phase reactor for two-phase anaerobic digestion of urban solid waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: an exhaust port is arranged on the upper part of the methane-producing area, and a gas flow meter is arranged on the exhaust port and connected to A gas collecting tank; a slag outlet is provided at the lower part of the methane-producing area. 9. A kind of two-phase anaerobic digestion acid production phase reactor for urban solid waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: the outer wall of the main body of the two-phase anaerobic digestion acid production phase reactor and the drum reactor are all made of transparent material. 10 . The two-phase anaerobic digestion acid production phase reactor for urban solid waste according to claim 1 , characterized in that: a control panel is set outside the two phase anaerobic digestion acid production phase reactor. 11 .