CN206627629U - A kind of simple fish finder based on PSD - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of simple fish finder based on PSD, the data acquisition and the display module of control module, the distance value of the underwater shoal of fish of display and orientation that signal amplification including the PSD detecting modules for obtaining underwater shoal of fish range information, the output signal for handling PSD is handled with processing module, by signal feeding single-chip microcomputer, single-chip microcomputer controls AD conversion and liquid crystal display, PSD detecting modules to include：Laser, collimation lens, receiving lens and PSD；The axis of the laser, the optical axis of receiving lens and PSD three are generally aligned in the same plane, and wherein laser uses oblique incidence mode, and range of triangle is formed with PSD；Laser uses exportable 532nm green (light) laser, and target image is embedded with survey meter and obtains and improve image quality to avoid the algorithm of underwater impurity effect.This survey meter can help to fish or fish in muddy waters, and survey meter is supported and fixed on hull or land with support.Manufacturing cost is low, simply portable, precision is high, efficiency high.

Description

A kind of simple fish finder based on PSD

Technical field

A kind of simple fish finder based on PSD is the utility model is related to, more particularly to one kind is suitable for fishing or supported The underwater fish condition survey meter that fish person uses, belong to daily photovoltaic technical field.

Background technology

With the improvement of people's living standards, the fan that more and more fishes likes fishing in lakeside, if water body is muddy Turbid, fisherman can not just explore the position of the shoal of fish, therefore it is particularly significant to obtain shoal of fish information accurate in detail.Current domestic and international fish Group's detection method is mainly detected using ship or buoy in fixed dwell point, and these method precision are low, and cost is high, by day Gas has a great influence, and human users' security is poor.It is related to a kind of intelligent fish collection system, intelligence collection in other utility model patents Main control module in fish system includes naked bubble Metal halogen lamp control unit, but these naked bubble Metal halogen lamps can bring some illuminations to ask Topic, causes shoal of fish testing result not accurate enough.Also have and the locating fish is carried out using underwater robot, but its cost is high, under water Detection visibility and headway are unable to reach ideal value, only rest on field of scientific study at present, are not applied to fish Group's field of detecting, can not embody its commercial value.

Also useful sonar and ultrasonic system carry out the equipment of detecting fish school in the market, are caught applied to marine or great river big lake etc. In fish production operation.But these detecting devices bulky complex, cost is higher, big fishing vessel and professional fishing boat are only applicable to, small Fishing boat is fished or is rarely employed in going fishing, and on the other hand existing locating fish instrument is required for entering the underwater spy for carrying out the shoal of fish Work is surveyed, this proposes that its cost also accordingly improves while requirements at the higher level to instrument in itself, and this working method causes people to enter The process of the row locating fish is more cumbersome.A kind of position sensitive detector PSD (Position Sensitive Detector) is because of it The advantages that high sensitivity, high-resolution, simple fast response time and configuration circuit, has been widely used in the essence of position coordinates Really in measurement, PSD photoelectric devices are a kind of luminous energy and position transducer part, and because position quantity is analog output, system responds It hurry up, high resolution, cost is low, therefore has wide variety of value.Echo signal can be modulated, thus can shown simultaneously The antijamming capability of raising system is write, can be used for realizing the position detecting system of high speed, high accuracy, strong antijamming capability.

The content of the invention

The purpose of this utility model is to be directed to background technology described problem, provides a kind of simple locating fish based on PSD Instrument, solving the problems, such as to fish or fish in muddy waters, the fish finder can operate on the water surface, or with support branch Support and be fixed on hull or land, contain in the target image acquisition of insertion in bonding apparatus and optimized algorithm and be improved imaging matter Amount avoids the algorithm of underwater impurity effect, has the characteristics that to manufacture inexpensive, simple portable, high accuracy, high efficiency.

The technical solution of the utility model is：A kind of simple fish finder based on PSD, including：

PSD detecting modules, for obtaining underwater shoal of fish range information；

Data processing module, including：Signal amplifies and processing module, data acquisition and control module；The signal amplification With output signal of the processing module for handling PSD, the data acquisition and control module, for signal feeding single-chip microcomputer to be entered Row processing, single-chip microcomputer control AD conversion and liquid crystal display；

Display module, for showing the distance value and orientation of the underwater shoal of fish；

The PSD detecting modules include：Laser, collimation lens, receiving lens and PSD；The axis of the laser, The optical axis of receiving lens and PSD three are generally aligned in the same plane, and wherein laser uses oblique incidence mode, and triangle is formed with PSD Ranging；

The signal amplification includes with processing module：Current-to-voltage converting circuit, for the faint circuit letter that PSD is exported Number be converted to voltage signal and its signal is filtered and amplified；

The data acquisition includes with control module：MSP430 single-chip microcomputers and subsidiary ADC12；MSP430 single-chip microcomputers are 16 Position high performance mixed signal processor；

The display module is LCD liquid crystal display screen, using LCD12864；

A kind of simple fish finder based on PSD as described above, it is characterised in that：The laser is using exportable 532nm green (light) laser.Its advantage is：It effectively can under water transmit, avoid in water body muddiness caused by impurity The influence for absorbing and scattering.

A kind of simple fish finder based on PSD of the utility model, its laser is by collimation lens by laser beam Through overwater refraction to measured target surface, irreflexive light will form final the reflected beams after overwater refraction, as Transducing signal, it is focused at by receiving lens imaging on PSD, so as to the range information by the way that measured target is calculated. Laser triangulation method can effectively mask the direct the reflected beams of the water surface, so as to realize that detector can grasp work on the water surface Energy.When not having the shoal of fish, laser is directly incident on the bottom, and the distance value that survey meter is shown is the depth of water, when there is the shoal of fish to pass through, detection Saltus step will occur for the distance value on instrument, now indicate shoal of fish process, and distance value is the orientation of the shoal of fish.

Before detection, first measure background signal and recorded, the signal after processing is sent into list in later data collection Piece machine, by software programming image denoising and optimized algorithm is restored, the background signal containing undesired impurities is subtracted and obtains useful letter Number, and to it by occurrence accurately is calculated, then single-chip microcomputer control LCD shows numerical value.

The single-chip microcomputer, can be worked long hours using battery supply, have disposal ability is strong, arithmetic speed is fast, The advantages that integrated level is high, super low-power consumption.By the distinctive high-speed AD acquisition function of the series monolithic chip and high-speed computation work( PSD output circuit signal can be modified, the interference that can obtain higher precision eliminates, and improves accuracy of detection and non-linear Amendment, and then obtain more accurately positional information.

The display screen is the LCD12864 screens for showing shoal of fish particular location, and 128 × 64 with Chinese word library be one Kind has 4/8 parallel-by-bits, 2 lines or the serial multiple interfaces mode of 3 lines, and national standard one-level, two level simplified form of Chinese Character character library are contained in inside Dot-matrix lcd module.Its display resolution is 128 × 64, built-in 8192 16 × 16 Chinese characters and 128 16 × 8 point ASCII character set.Using the flexible interface mode of the module and simply and easily operational order, full Chinese can be designed Man-machine interaction graphical interfaces.For the module of the liquid crystal display scheme compared with the dot matrix LCD module of same type, its is hard Part circuit structure and display program are more succinct, and the price of the module is also slightly below the graphic LCD module of identical dot matrix.

The utility model beneficial effect is：

1）The utility model is using PSD and single-chip microcomputer as detection main chip, and cost is cheap, and assembling is simple；Detector Entirety is simplified, and volume significantly reduces, and has apart from display module, the direct simple and fast of detection mode, with reference to processing image optimization Algorithm, can solve muddy magazine imaging problem.

2）Using PSD rangings, using water body target reflected refraction light, without by detector underwater, industrial waterproof Grade can suitably relax requirement, reduce the difficulty and cost of instrumentation package and design.

Brief description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is that the utility model " a kind of simple fish finder based on PSD " forms schematic diagram；

Fig. 2 is that a kind of PSD signal processing display circuit of the utility model " simple fish finder based on PSD " is detailed Solution.

Description of symbols in figure：In Fig. 1：1-laser, 2-PSD, 3-data processing module, 4-display screen.

Embodiment

Embodiment of the present utility model is elaborated below, in order that the technological means of the utility model realization, spy Sign illustrates with effect it can be readily appreciated that will combine, and illustrates the embodiment of the utility model the present embodiment and specific operating process, But the scope of protection of the utility model is not limited to following embodiments.

With reference to shown in figure 1, a kind of simple fish finder based on PSD of the utility model, including：For obtaining underwater fish PSD detecting modules, data processing module 3, the display module of group's range information.The data processing module, including：Signal amplifies With processing module, data acquisition and control module, wherein signal amplification and output signal, number of the processing module for handling PSD It is used to be handled signal feeding single-chip microcomputer with control module according to collection；Display module is display screen 4, and the display screen is used for The distance value and orientation values of the underwater shoal of fish are shown, the single-chip microcomputer also controls AD conversion and liquid crystal display.

PSD detecting modules include：Laser 1, collimation lens, receiving lens and PSD.The axis of laser 1, receive thoroughly The optical axis of mirror and PSD three are generally aligned in the same plane, and wherein laser 1 uses oblique incidence mode, and range of triangle is formed with PSD. In the utility model embodiment, the laser 1 so effectively can under water be transmitted, avoided using 532nm green laser Absorbed in water body muddiness caused by impurity and the influence of scattering.Laser 1 is rolled over laser beam through the water surface by collimation lens Tested shoal of fish target surface is mapped to, irreflexive light will form final the reflected beams after overwater refraction, as sensing Signal, it is focused at by receiving lens imaging on PSD, so as to the range information by the way that measured target is calculated.This reality With in new embodiment, laser triangulation method can effectively mask the direct the reflected beams of the water surface, so as to realize detector energy The function of being operated on the water surface.When not having the shoal of fish, laser is directly incident on the bottom, and the distance value that survey meter is shown is the depth of water, when When having the shoal of fish to pass through, saltus step will occur for the distance value on survey meter, now indicate shoal of fish process, and distance value is the side of the shoal of fish Position.

Signal amplifies includes current-to-voltage converting circuit with processing module, and the main function of current-to-voltage converting circuit is handle The faint circuit signal of PSD outputs is converted to voltage signal and its signal is filtered and amplified.

Refer to the attached drawing 2, data acquisition includes MSP430 single-chip microcomputers and subsidiary ADC12 with control module, before detection, first Measure background signal and recorded, the signal after processing is sent into single-chip microcomputer in later data collection, passes through software programming figure As denoising and optimized algorithm is restored, the background signal containing undesired impurities is subtracted and obtains useful signal, and to it by accurate meter Concrete values are calculated to obtain, then single-chip microcomputer control LCD shows numerical value.Told MSP430 single-chip microcomputers are at 16 high performance mixed signals Device is managed, can be worked long hours using battery supply, with disposal ability is strong, arithmetic speed is fast, integrated level is high, ultralow work( The advantages that consumption.By the output electricity of the distinctive high-speed AD acquisition function of the series monolithic chip and high-speed computation function to PSD Road signal is modified, and the interference that can obtain higher precision eliminates, and improves accuracy of detection and non-liner revision, and then obtain more Accurate positional information.

Display module is LCD liquid crystal display screen 4, and in the utility model embodiment, display screen 4 uses LCD12864, to Show shoal of fish particular location.LCD12864 with Chinese word library 128 × 64 is a kind of to have 4/8 parallel-by-bits, 2 lines or 3 line strings Row multiple interfaces mode, the internal dot-matrix lcd module containing national standard one-level, two level simplified form of Chinese Character character library.It shows Resolution ratio is 128 × 64, built-in 8192 16 × 16 Chinese characters and 128 16 × 8 point ASCII character set.Utilize the module Flexible interface mode and simply and easily operational order, complete Chinese man-machine interaction graphical interfaces can be designed.The liquid crystal display For the module of scheme compared with the dot matrix LCD module of same type, its hardware circuit and display program are simpler It is clean, and the price of the module is also slightly below the graphic LCD module of identical dot matrix.

In Fig. 1, the support is used to support whole survey meter to be fixed on hull or land.

A kind of operation principle of the simple fish finder based on PSD of the utility model is as follows：

As shown in figure 1, launching laser by laser module 1, rolled over after the collimated collimated of the laser on the water surface Inject in water.It is saturating by receiving using the diffusing reflection hot spot that the light beam incided on measured target is formed as transducing signal Mirror is transferred in PSD modules 2 and forms hot spot.The center of hot spot determines by the distance between sensor and measured target, and The electric signal of PSD outputs reflects the distance between sensor and measured target information exactly.When the shoal of fish by when, be tested Target changes, and respective change also occurs for position of its hot spot on PSD, so by determining the change of facula position, It then can detect whether the shoal of fish by the way that and the distance of the tested shoal of fish can be obtained.PSD output current signals, by data processing Module 3.Appropriate small voltage signal is converted to by current-to-voltage converting circuit first, AD is then carried out after enhanced processing turns Change, single-chip microcomputer control AD conversion, read each road transformation result, control LCD liquid crystal display screen module 4 to show finally by single-chip microcomputer Show the distance value after processing.

Fig. 2 is PSD signal processing and display circuit.Wherein IC1 and IC2 is operational amplifier, forms the preposition amplification electricity of PSD Road, and its current signal is converted into voltage signal.R1, R2 are feedback resistance, directly determine current-to-voltage converting circuit Multiplication factor V0=- IsRf, so as to which R1, R2 are necessary for precision resister, general PSD output signal is microampere order, and R1, R2 exist Thousands of Europe or so.The circuit shunt capacitance C1 on feedback resistance, C2 reduce noise.In order to obtain accurate output valve, Its value should be very small for output signal for the bias current of selected amplifier and bias voltage.To ensure that amplifier exists as far as possible Ideally work, difference-mode input resistance should be far longer than feedback resistance, and the IC1 and IC2 in Fig. 2 select in general computing Amplifier is extremely difficult to require, therefore selects AD524 as amplifier.AD524 is a kind of special accurate enlarging instrument, be can be used for The Multi Date Acquisition System that precision prescribed is high, working environment is severe, be characterized in low noise, low nonlinearity, high cmrr, Low maladjustment voltage, low maladjustment voltage temperature drift gain band width product, input protection, it is interior have compensation, can directly output signals to monolithic The A/D converters of machine.

Signal after enhanced processing be respectively fed to A0 in 8 road ADC12 peripheral hardwares subsidiary in MSP430F149 single chip microcomputers, A1 passages, TimerA is set during collection to rise mode of operation.MSP430 reads this collection from ADC transformation result registers All data, acquisition time presets by user, can typically continue more than several seconds, the flashing signal duration is at least 1ms can be reached.Start collection time point not glisten also, therefore background light value sampling interior for the previous period of glistening is made even .AD sample frequencys can reach 200KHZ, be averaged as interval to obtain background value using ten sampled points, then complete In the range of search out a maximum, the period of flash of light is found out according to maximum and background value and the data of flashing signal are deposited Storage space is put, and the data in the range of this are equally averaged using ten sampled points as interval to obtain flashing signal average value, finally will Flashing signal and background signal after average are subtracted each other respectively can be obtained by useful signal.

Data after single-chip microcomputer gathers and handles write LCD12864 by parallel mode, and are shown on liquid crystal display, Potentiometer R5 is adjusted in Fig. 2 can change screen intensity.

The utility model is using PSD and single-chip microcomputer as detection main chip, and cost is cheap, and assembling is simple.Detector is whole Body is simplified, and volume significantly reduces, and is had apart from display module, the direct simple and fast of detection mode.Using PSD rangings, water is utilized Body target reflected refraction light, without can suitably relax requirement, reduce instrument detector underwater, industrial classification of waterproof Device encapsulates and the difficulty and cost of design.

Particularly：PSD is used for locating fish instrument by the utility model, is realized the position sensing on the water surface, is reached water Operated on face, high accuracy, low-power consumption, low cost, it is portable, simple the advantages that.PSD signal carries out processing control by single-chip microcomputer, Distance value shows that metering system simple and fast, assembling is simple, and cost is cheap by display.Laser uses oblique incidence, with PSD forms range of triangle, avoids influence of the water-reflected light beam to measurement.With reference to processing image optimization algorithm, can solve muddy Turbid impurity imaging problem.

Claims (2)

1. a kind of simple fish finder based on PSD, including：

PSD detecting modules, for obtaining underwater shoal of fish range information；

Data processing module, including：Signal amplifies and processing module, data acquisition and control module；

The signal amplification and output signal of the processing module for handling PSD, the data acquisition and control module, for inciting somebody to action Signal is sent into single-chip microcomputer and handled, single-chip microcomputer control AD conversion and liquid crystal display；

Display module, for showing the distance value and orientation of the underwater shoal of fish；

The PSD detecting modules include：Laser, collimation lens, receiving lens and PSD；The axis of the laser, receive The optical axis of lens and PSD three are generally aligned in the same plane, and wherein laser uses oblique incidence mode, and range of triangle is formed with PSD；

The signal amplification includes with processing module：Current-to-voltage converting circuit, the faint circuit signal for PSD to be exported turn It is changed to voltage signal and its signal is filtered and amplified；

The data acquisition includes with control module：MSP430 single-chip microcomputers and subsidiary ADC12；MSP430 single-chip microcomputers are 16 height Mix of properties signal processor；

The display module is LCD liquid crystal display screen, using LCD12864.

A kind of 2. simple fish finder based on PSD as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The laser uses can Export 532nm green (light) laser.