CN206624907U - Crucible lifting formula vacuum melting furnace - Google Patents
Crucible lifting formula vacuum melting furnace Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN206624907U CN206624907U CN201720276241.8U CN201720276241U CN206624907U CN 206624907 U CN206624907 U CN 206624907U CN 201720276241 U CN201720276241 U CN 201720276241U CN 206624907 U CN206624907 U CN 206624907U
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- crucible
- vacuum
- melt
- sic
- melting furnace
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Landscapes
- Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
Disclose a kind of special vacuum melting furnace and be used for SiC particulate reinforced aluminum matrix composites preparation technology.Realize and fed under Integral sealing and vacuum state, measurement melt internal temperature in real time, particle is set accurately to fall into melt whirlpool center with certain speed, it is uniformly distributed under strong stirring inside melt, play deoxidation, degasification, this technique productions composition uniformly, low porosity, strong mechanical performance and excellent thermal conductivity composite.Including crucible set composite and lifting platform system, agitating device and lifting platform system, feeding device, vacuum system, hand-held liftable thermocouple, sealing system, electric-control system.Crucible set composite and lifting platform system crucible set composite, which are installed on, to be realized on its lifting platform system and vertically lifts；Agitating device, which is installed on, to be realized on its lifting platform system and vertically lifts；Connected between crucible set composite and feeding device by vacuum system；Agitating device, hand-held liftable thermocouple lower end can be inserted into graphite crucible.
Description
Technical field
The utility model belongs to the exploitation and application of new material.
Background technology
Enhancing aluminum-base composite material by silicon carbide particles has higher specific strength, specific stiffness, modulus of elasticity, wear-resistant, resistance to
High temperature, and there is good heat-conductive characteristic, obtained in industrial circles such as Aeronautics and Astronautics, automobile, electronics and communications and transportation
It is widely applied.The composition and performance on enhancing aluminum-base composite material by silicon carbide particles still lack that system is deep to grind at present
Study carefully, and also imported product is used mostly in practical application.The preparation method of particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material mainly includes powder
Metallurgy method, pressure infiltration method, spray deposition and stirring casting method.Compared to other methods, mechanical agitation casting, which has, to be set
It is standby, technique is simple, low cost and other advantages, be large-scale production most efficient method.
Document《A kind of preparation method of the additional SiC particles reinforced silico-aluminum based composites of brake disc》[1]Report
Road to silicon-carbide particle Electroless copper by pre-processing, and mechanical agitation adds carborundum in air ambient
A kind of preparation method.This technique is complicated to the pretreating process of carborundum, and cost is high, and carborundum is added in air ambient
And mechanical agitation, it will cause to be involved in gas in product forming a large amount of holes, and produce oxide and be mingled with, finally it is difficult to obtain performance
Preferable material.
Document《The preparation of enhancing aluminum-base composite material by silicon carbide particles and the research of semi-solid state extrusion forming technique》[2]Report
The mechanical agitation that road is protected by argon gas casts and combines a kind of SiC particle-reinforced Al matrix of semi-solid extrusion process and answers
Condensation material preparation method.This technique does not carry out effective pretreating process to SiC powder, causes to strengthen particle and base aluminum
Simultaneously there is gap in alloy adhesion difference, the Composite Melt viscosity increase added after SiC, argon gas avoids as protective gas
Oxide inclusion but be easily involved in melt in whipping process causes product to exist compared with multiple hole, can only finally be squeezed by semisolid
Pressure technique makes gap and cave fillings, but increased hot extrusion technique makes material prepare cost raising, and efficiency reduces, and is not suitable with
Industrial production, and whether the gap of closure and hole are completely eliminated in the composite after extruding, matrix internal stress and matrix
The influence of stress to material mechanical performance etc. requires study between reinforcement.
Document《A kind of vacuum mechanical dual-stirring casting method for preparing particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material》[3]Report and pass through
The technique of double stirrings, one kind side of preparation for making enhancing particle be dispersed in aluminum matrix alloy inside and outside being carried out under vacuum condition to melt
Method.Wen Zhongwei carries out effective pretreating process with the poor characteristic of Al liquid wetabilitys for SiC to SiC powder, strengthens particle
With basal body binding force deficiency.Powder is once put into by negative pressure by the observation panel on device in preparation process, makes a large amount of powder
It is deposited on alloy melt, carries more air in powder gap secretly, and SiC fine powders easy to knot groups and wrap up in gas in high temperature aluminium liquid,
These air and SiC aggregates are involved in melt in whipping process, by the method negative pressure degasification of inside and outside double stirrings in article, have
The bubble in alloy melt is eliminated to effect, but is difficult that the air film for removing SiC particulate top layer (is ultimately present in particle and base
In the microscopic gaps of body), and substantial amounts of SiC aggregates need to crush and disperse under up to 1000~1200 revs/min of speed
Uniformly, this requires high to device under vacuum and is not suitable for producing manufacture in enormous quantities.
Bibliography：
[1] a kind of brake discs of the big of Shang Haofeng, Li Guangquan, Song Li are compound with additional SiC particles reinforced silico-aluminum base
Preparation method [P] the Shandong of material：CN103074507A,2013-05-01.
[2] Zhou Xuefeng, Liu Changming, Zhu Xincai, bang, Deng make the preparation of enhancing aluminum-base composite material by silicon carbide particles
And research [J] Chongqing University of Science and Technology journals of semi-solid state extrusion forming technique, 2006, (02):42-46.
[3] Han Jianmin, Wu Zhaoling, Li Weijing, Chen Huaijun, Xu Xiangyang, Cui Shihai, Li Ronghua, Liu Yuanfu, Sha Zhensong, king
A kind of vacuum mechanical dual-stirring casting method [P] Beijing for preparing particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material of Jinhua： CN1676237,
2005-10-05.
With reference to the analysis to above-mentioned document, it can be found that mechanical agitation Preparation of Particle Reinforced Aluminum Based Composite Material by Casting Process
Preparation technology has very strong dependence with appliance arrangement, and for the limitation of prior art, the utility model passes through autonomous Design
Smelting equipment successfully prepared SiC and be evenly distributed, be tightly combined with matrix, hole and be mingled with it is few, SiC of excellent performance
Grain reinforced aluminum matrix composites.
Utility model content
The utility model purpose discloses a kind of special vacuum melting furnace and is used for SiC particulate reinforced aluminum matrix composites system
Standby technique.The vacuum melting furnace is utilized in the technique, realizes and is fed under overall closed and vacuum state, can be real-time
Ground measures melt internal temperature, and particle is accurately fallen into melt whirlpool center with certain speed, uniformly divides under strong stirring
Cloth can effectively play a part of deoxidation, degassing inside melt to Composite Melt, and thus this technique can produce
Go out the composite of uniform composition, low porosity, strong mechanical performance and excellent thermal conductivity.The utility model is also applied for similar
It is prepared by the technique of type.
The technical scheme that the utility model provides is：
A kind of special vacuum melting furnace of the utility model, it is characterised in that
A kind of crucible lifting formula vacuum melting furnace, including crucible set composite and lifting platform system, agitating device and liter
Plateform system, feeding device 5, vacuum system 6, hand-held liftable thermocouple 7, sealing system, electric-control system drop.The crucible is answered
Attach together and put and the crucible set composite 1 of lifting platform system is installed on and realizes on its lifting platform system 2 and vertically lift；
The agitating device 3, which is installed on, to be realized on its lifting platform system 2 and vertically lifts；The crucible set composite 1 and charging
Connected between device 5 by vacuum system 6；The agitating device 3, the hand-held lower end of liftable thermocouple 7 can be inserted into graphite crucible
In 16；The descending operation of all devices and temperature control pass through the electric control system controls in electrical control cubicles；The sealing system is distributed in whole
The junction of individual device, ensure that whole body of heater keeps good vacuum state.
Described crucible set composite 1 includes bell 11, body of heater 12, furnace bottom 13, grate 14, heat preservation layer 15, graphite
Crucible 16, stool 17, are wholy set in burner hearth, and their position relationship, annexation are：The bell 11 is located at stove
The top of body 12 simultaneously fastens with body of heater 12, and the top of the bell 11 is equipped with liftable temperature temperature-measuring heat couple, agitating device 3, charging
Device 5；The body of heater 12 and the furnace bottom 13 of bottom are anchored on grate 14；It is connected by bolts between body of heater 12 and furnace bottom 13；
The ring of heat preservation layer 15 is arranged in burner hearth, outside grate 14；The grate 14 is used to support whole crucible compound
Device 1 and lifting platform system 2；The graphite crucible 16 is installed in stool 17, the lifting platform system of the crucible
2 are fastened on grate 14, and graphite crucible 16 and stool 17 can realize oscilaltion by elevating platform assembly.
Structure is refined as embodiment, described crucible set composite 1 also includes positioning pipe 18, cushion block 19, clamping screw
190th, O-ring seal 191, platform base 192, graphite crucible is from top to bottom placed with the topmost of crucible set composite 1
16th, stool 17 and cushion block 19, the stool is passed through by the positioning pipe 18 at three uniform spaced 120 degree of angles
17th, cushion block 19, the positioning pipe 18 are fixed on the steel plate of crucible lifting platform base 192.Furnace bottom 13 and the platform base
192 are provided with O-ring seal 191, and platform base 192 is realized into burner hearth bottom is close by the fastening of clamping screw 190 with furnace bottom 13
Envelope, so as to ensure that burner hearth is hedged off from the outer world.
The structure design of crucible lifting plateform system 2：Stepper motor 21 by reductor 22 and the bottom of screw mandrel 23 fasten from
And screw mandrel 23 is rotated with the output shaft synchronous of reductor 22, screw mandrel 23 is threadedly coupled with nut 24, and nut 24 is put down with crucible
The fastening of platform base 192 realizes and synchronously moved up and down that crucible platform base 192 is simultaneously tight with the bearing 26 on vertical guide pillar 25 again
Gu.In this way, by controlling the rotating of stepper motor 21 to realize that the raising and lowering of crucible set composite 1 acts.
Working method：Crucible lifting plateform system 2 realizes lifting by stepper motor 21 and screw mandrel 23, is rising in place,
O-ring seal 191 i.e. on crucible lifting platform base 192 touches furnace bottom 13, and is locked by clamping screw 190 and furnace bottom 13
It is next, can be by vacuum system 6 by melting body of heater 12 and the inside vacuum pumping of feeding device 5.
The graphite quarter butt 31 of the bottom of agitating device 3 is connected through a screw thread with the joining beam 32 on top, and joining beam 32 passes through keyway again
Couple with the variable-frequency motor 33 at top, the bottom of graphite quarter butt 31 is provided with graphite stirring paddle 34.Agitating device 3 can be realized positive and negative
Bi-directional variable speed stirs.
Stir the mentality of designing of jacking system 4：Stepper motor 41 fastened by reductor 42 and the bottom of screw mandrel 43 so that
Screw mandrel 43 can be rotated with the output shaft synchronous of reductor 42, and screw mandrel 43 is threadedly coupled with nut 44, nut 44, variable-frequency motor 33 and water
The three of flushconnection frame 45 fastening realize that three synchronously moves up and down, horizontal connection frame 45 simultaneously again with the bearing on vertical guide pillar 46
47 fastenings.In this way, by controlling the rotating of stepper motor 41 to realize that the raising and lowering of agitating device 3 acts.
Feeding device 5 (one of innovative point of the present utility model) includes cylinder 51, feed bin lid 52, flanged pipe 53, flanged pipe
Base 54, feed conduit 55, heating tape 56, pedestal 57, thermocouple 58, rotating shaft 59, rotation paddle blade 590, rotary feeding pallet
591st, handle 592 and observation window 593 are rotated.Wherein, cylinder 51 is bolted composition feeding chamber master with feed bin lid 52
Body, flanged pipe 53 and feeding chamber welding are integral, and flanged pipe base 54 welds integral, flanged pipe base 54 with feed conduit 55
Being fastened by bolts with bell 11 makes feeding device 5 be fixed on the top of bell 11.The center of feeding device 5 is rotary feeding pallet
591, rotate handle 592 and be located at the outside of cylinder 51 and be connected to one end of joining beam 594, joining beam 594 passes through the barrel of cylinder 51 simultaneously
Its other end is coupled with the rotary feeding pallet 591 inside cylinder 51, so as to be controlled by rotary motion handle 592
The angle of inclination of rotary feeding pallet 591 processed, the inner bottom part side of rotary feeding pallet 591 are welded with hook and slot 595.Pass through outside
Rotate the synchronous rotary charging pallet 591 of handle 592 make its clockwise (relative to Fig. 8 state) rotation to being pre-loaded into inside it
SiC powder tilt pour out, complete to feed intake to SiC powder.In next step, when technique needs, external rotating handle is passed through
592 synchronous rotary charging pallet 591 rotates counterclockwise to it to collide with described rotation paddle blade 590, and the inside of hook and slot 595 is pre-
The alterant of loading, which tilts, to be poured out into charging pallet 591, then operation clockwise again, you can is realized and is added alterant is secondary
To reaction system.Whole process operates under vacuum conditions all the time.
Rotating shaft 59 by screw threads for fastening, rotating shaft 59 can be turned through pedestal 57, feed bin lid 52 and with rotation paddle blade 590
Dynamic rotation paddle blade 590.Heating tape 56 is disposed with around cylinder 51 and is used for heat supply.
Connected between the body of heater 12 and vacuum system 6 using KF interfaces；The vacuum system 6 includes a TRP-60 pump
And some vacuum valves, connected by pipeline, realization vacuumizes adjustable；Also include thermocouple vacuum gauge, the vacuum valve is gas
Movable valve, vacuum system 6 is by thermocouple vacuum gauge measurement of vacuum.
A kind of SiC particulate reinforced aluminum matrix composites preparation method by the vacuum melting furnace, it is characterised in that base
Body ZL111 alloys (being already belonging to prior art) composition is as shown in table 1, and SiC granularities are 10-20 μm,
The ZL111 alloying components of table 1
Preparation method is including step：
Step 1, the ZL111 alloys of 100 parts of quality are put into the stone in the homemade vacuum melting resistance furnace of the utility model
In black crucible (12), by the SiC powder of previously prepared 25-35 parts quality and the Al-Sr intermediate alloy alterants of 0.2-0.8 part quality
Add in feeding chamber, will seal and be evacuated with charging warehouse in body of heater.
Step 2, after alloy is completely melt, melt is stirred, bath surface is formed stable whirlpool：Body of heater is warming up to
700~750 DEG C, while heating tape is warming up to 400-450 DEG C, after alloy is completely melt, liftable stirring system is fallen, with
350-400r/min is stirred to melt, melt upper surface is formed stable whirlpool.
Step 3, SiC are added to melt：It is 700-750 DEG C to keep melt temperature, by 25-40 part quality in feeding chamber
SiC powder gradually fallen along the feed conduit position accurately to fall of setting and controlling, enter melt, charging process with whirlpool
In gradually step up mixing speed to 500-550r/min until charging terminate.
Step 4, reduce temperature, stable stirring：After SiC particulate has added, furnace temperature is reduced to 630-650 DEG C, 300-
400r/min stably stirs 20-25 minutes.
Step 5, heating, reverse stirring at low speed：Rise furnace temperature makes melt be raised to 700-750 DEG C, is added and become by feeding chamber
Matter agent, it is stable to stir 5-10 minutes, then change mixing direction, with 100-200r/min reverse stirring at low speed 5-10 minutes.
Step 6, shed vacuum, cast molding：Vacuum is shed, makes in stove stable gas pressure to after atmospheric pressure, by graphite crucible
Decline, melt is poured into metal die and is molded.
Step 7, solution treatment：490 ± 5 DEG C of insulation 3.5-5 hours；500 ± 5 DEG C of insulation 3-5 hours again；Again 510 ± 5
DEG C insulation 7-9 hours；60~100 DEG C of water coolings.
Step 8, Ageing Treatment：175 ± 5 DEG C of insulation 5-7 hours, air cooling.
This kind is finally obtained using ZL111 alloys as matrix, the composite of the SiC particulate enhancing of certain volume fraction.Should
Material is well combined with basal body interface, strengthens even particle distribution, the defects of significantly reducing hole, be mingled with.
The previously prepared of the SiC powder is surface modification technology, and process is：1) HF acid solutions are added in the SiC, and
Magnetic agitation；2) the good SiC powder of pickling is filtered, cleans and filtered after being 6-7 to PH；3) in the powder after pickling filtering
Ethanol solution is added, is cleaned by ultrasonic, is filtered and dry；4) after drying, by SiC powder sinterings, interval, which is given, stirs；5) will burn
SiC powder after knot is pulverized so that into powder；6) finally by SiC powder baking and thermal insulations, surface, which is modified, terminates.
The utility model can obtain following beneficial effect compared with prior art：
1st, feed way is improved by rational feeding device, be in vacuum atmosphere together with body of heater inside feeding device
In enclosing and soak, SiC powder superficial air film is ruptured, SiC can be controlled by stirring powder and changing charging tray angle
Melt whirlpool center is gradually fallen into along passage with certain speed.
2nd, agitating mode is simple and rotating speed requires low, and bath surface produces the SiC particle horses that stable whirlpool makes gradually to fall
On be involved in melt, 700-750 DEG C of fluidity of alloy melt is good during due to charging, SiC powder have little time it is heated reunite it is just direct
The scattered product enhancing even particle distribution that in the melt, guarantee finally obtains, stable performance.
3rd, whole heating fusing, stirring charging process are under vacuum environment, it is possible to prevente effectively from be involved in melt air,
Aluminium liquid liberation of hydrogen, while by the reverse agitating function degasification before casting, be advantageous to the low product of final acquisition porosity.
The material adds appropriate alterant Al-Sr intermediate alloys in the preparation of SiC particulate reinforced aluminum matrix composites, its
Middle Sr elements are advantageous to improve the shape of silicon phase and α-Al phases in composite microscopic structure, the silicon of thick en plaque is mutually refined
Into graininess, α-Al is mutually developed towards the direction of equiax crystal, homogenization, greatly improve the performance of aluminum matrix composite.
The equipment used in the utility model is independent research, System design is carried out, by feeding under vacuum conditions
And stirring, avoid occurring hole in material well, the aluminum matrix composite composition of preparation is uniform, and enhancing is mutually combined good with matrix
Good, hot property is excellent, and dimensional stability is good when alternating temperature occasion uses, and the service life of material is high.The material is requiring to mitigate
On the outstanding parts of weight, anti-wear performance, there are wide market prospects.
The material prepared by the utility model, the material possess excellent comprehensive compared with existing same type of material
Physical property and mechanical property are closed, and control of the technique to material property can be realized, heat transfer, polishing machine are excellent, close
Degree is smaller.The aluminum matrix composite can greatly enhance the hot property of material, material is kept size in alternating temperature occasion use
Stability, improve the life-span of material.And the material is requiring to mitigate on the outstanding parts of weight, anti-wear performance, has wide
Market prospects, such as the brake disc of vehicle replaces traditional cast iron materials, Neng Gou using particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material
On the basis of improving parts anti-wear performance, loss of weight 50%~60%.In addition, the material have higher specific strength, specific stiffness,
Modulus of elasticity, wear-resistant, high temperature resistant, and there is good heat-conductive characteristic, transported in Aeronautics and Astronautics, automobile, electronics and traffic
It is defeated to wait industrial circle to be widely used.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is preparation technology flow chart
Fig. 2 is material metallograph one prepared by the present embodiment 1
Fig. 3 is material metallograph two prepared by the present embodiment 1
Fig. 4 is the utility model mixing plant structural representation
Fig. 5 bodies of heater, furnace bottom structure schematic diagram
Fig. 6 a are the front view of crucible lifting plateform system
Fig. 6 b are the top view of crucible lifting plateform system
Fig. 6 c are the right view of crucible lifting plateform system
Fig. 7 a are the front view of stirring jacking system
Fig. 7 b are the top view of stirring jacking system
Fig. 7 c are the right view of stirring jacking system
Fig. 8 feeding device structural representations
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
1st, SiC particulate reinforced aluminum matrix composites preparation technology
1.1 are stirred under vacuum Casting Principle
It is exactly under vacuum, to utilize the rotation of stirring slurry to be stirred under vacuum casting and prepare SiC particulate enhancing composite
Motion, enable aluminum alloy to liquid level rotate produce whirlpool so that SiC particulate enter alloy matrix aluminum in.Due to feeding chamber
In in vacuum, hot environment, air film is no longer adsorbed on SiC particulate top layer, while it will not also wrap up air and enter aluminium alloy
Melt.In the process of charging, according to the bernoulli principle of fluid, pressure differential can be produced between the different fluid of movement velocity,
In the whipping process of agitating paddle, due to the influence of agitating paddle component, aluminum alloy melt viscosity and sidewall of crucible frictional force, whirlpool surface
Diverse location can produce speed difference, and agitating paddle surrounding liquid flowing velocity is fast, slow close to sidewall of crucible molten metal flowing velocity, thus
Inward pressure is produced, SiC enters alloy matrix aluminum in the presence of inward pressure and self gravitation.In the stable stirring of cooling
When, melt viscosity increase, on the one hand can prevent due to agitating paddle rotation and caused molten metal convection current and occur on SiC particulate
The process of bath surface is floated to, bigger shear action is on the other hand produced and promotes the SiC groups of macroscopic view reunion scattered, make enhancing
Grain is evenly distributed in matrix.In reverse agitating function, the melt close to crucible bottom flows to melt upper surface, in inside and outside differential pressure
In the presence of, the hydrogen effusion for the bubble and precipitation being mingled with melt is enabled aluminum alloy to, reaches the purpose of degasification.
1.2 it is stirred under vacuum the design and manufacture of smelting equipment
It is the key link in material preparation process to be stirred under vacuum smelting equipment, and the design and manufacture of equipment are in very great Cheng
The final performance of whole preparation technology route and product is have impact on degree.
As shown in Fig. 4-Fig. 8, the structure design of described vacuum melting resistance furnace is：
A kind of crucible lifting formula vacuum melting furnace, including crucible set composite and lifting platform system, agitating device and liter
Plateform system, feeding device 5, vacuum system 6, hand-held liftable thermocouple 7, sealing system, electric-control system drop.The crucible is answered
Attach together and put and the crucible set composite 1 of lifting platform system is installed on and realizes on its lifting platform system 2 and vertically lift；
The agitating device 3, which is installed on, to be realized on its lifting platform system 2 and vertically lifts；The crucible set composite 1 and charging
Connected between device 5 by vacuum system 6；The agitating device 3, the hand-held lower end of liftable thermocouple 7 can be inserted into graphite crucible
In 16；The descending operation of all devices and temperature control pass through the electric control system controls in electrical control cubicles；The sealing system includes some
Sealing device, it is distributed in respectively between crucible set composite 1 and agitating device 3, feeding device 5, hand-held liftable thermocouple 7
The special connection site in many places such as junction, ensure that whole body of heater keeps good vacuum state.Sealing device at each point
The sealing structure of use is all this area routine techniques.It is to be understood that the innovative point major embodiment of the utility model device
In overall construction design, and propose " feeding device 5 ", to ensure W-response system Absolute truth idle loop first in this area
The holding in border.And sealing system, electric-control system, though being the essential features of the utility model device, all use this area
Routine techniques or first technology can be achieved, the contribution technical characteristic of non-the utility model device technique scheme.
As shown in Figure 4, Figure 5, described crucible set composite 1 includes bell 11, body of heater 12, furnace bottom 13, grate 14, heating
Heat-insulation layer 15, graphite crucible 16, stool 17, are wholy set in burner hearth, and their position relationship, annexation are：Institute
Bell 11 is stated to be located at the top of body of heater 12 and fasten with body of heater 12, the top of the bell 11 equipped with liftable temperature temperature-measuring heat couple,
Agitating device 3, feeding device 5, form observation panel etc.；The body of heater 12 is designed using cylindrical structure, body of heater 12 and the stove of bottom
Bottom 13 is anchored on grate 14；It is connected by bolts between body of heater 12 and furnace bottom 13；The heat preservation layer 15 is by heating resistor
Silk and heat screen composition, ring is arranged in burner hearth, outside grate 14；The grate 14 is used to support the compound dress of whole crucible
Put 1 and lifting platform system 2；The graphite crucible 16 is installed in stool 17, and the lifting platform system 2 of the crucible is tight
Gu on grate 14, graphite crucible 16 and stool 17 can realize oscilaltion by elevating platform assembly, conveniently enter to come out of the stove
Thorax and charging, feeding.
Structure is refined as embodiment, described crucible set composite 1 also includes positioning pipe 18, cushion block 19, clamping screw
190th, O-ring seal 191, platform base 192, graphite crucible is from top to bottom placed with the topmost of crucible set composite 1
16th, stool 17 and cushion block 19, the stool is passed through by the positioning pipe 18 at three uniform spaced 120 degree of angles
17th, cushion block 19, the positioning pipe 18 are fixed on the steel plate of crucible lifting platform base 192.Furnace bottom 13 and the platform base
192 are provided with O-ring seal 191, and platform base 192 is realized into burner hearth bottom is close by the fastening of clamping screw 190 with furnace bottom 13
Envelope, so as to ensure that burner hearth is hedged off from the outer world.
It is structural representation (front view 6a, the top view of crucible lifting plateform system 2 as shown in Fig. 6 a, Fig. 6 b, Fig. 6 c
6b, right view 6c).
Mentality of designing：Stepper motor 21 is fastened so that screw mandrel 23 can be with subtracting by reductor 22 and the bottom of screw mandrel 23
The fast output shaft synchronous of machine 22 rotation, screw mandrel 23 are threadedly coupled with nut 24, and nut 24 is realized same with the fastening of crucible platform base 192
Step moves up and down, and crucible platform base 192 fastens with the bearing 26 on vertical guide pillar 25 again simultaneously.In this way, by controlling stepping
The rotating of motor 21 realizes that the raising and lowering of crucible set composite 1 acts.
Working method：Crucible lifting plateform system 2 realizes lifting by stepper motor 21 and screw mandrel 23, is rising in place,
O-ring seal 191 i.e. on crucible lifting platform base 192 touches furnace bottom 13, and is locked by clamping screw 190 and furnace bottom 13
It is next, can be by vacuum system 6 by melting body of heater 12 and the inside vacuum pumping of feeding device 5.
As shown in Fig. 7 a, Fig. 7 b, Fig. 7 c, Fig. 5, the graphite quarter butt 31 of the bottom of agitating device 3 passes through with the joining beam 32 on top
Threaded connection, joining beam 32 are coupled by keyway with the variable-frequency motor 33 at top again, and the bottom of graphite quarter butt 31 is provided with graphite and stirred
Mix oar 34.Agitating device 3 can realize positive and negative bi-directional variable speed stirring.
Stir the mentality of designing of jacking system 4：Stepper motor 41 fastened by reductor 42 and the bottom of screw mandrel 43 so that
Screw mandrel 43 can be rotated with the output shaft synchronous of reductor 42, and screw mandrel 43 is threadedly coupled with nut 44, nut 44, variable-frequency motor 33 and water
The three of flushconnection frame 45 fastening realize that three synchronously moves up and down, horizontal connection frame 45 simultaneously again with the bearing on vertical guide pillar 46
47 fastenings.In this way, by controlling the rotating of stepper motor 41 to realize that the raising and lowering of agitating device 3 acts.
Agitating device 3 and bell 11 are provided with sealing structure, the sealing structure uses structure design generally in the art.
As shown in Fig. 7 a, Fig. 7 b, Fig. 7 c, joining beam 32 is integrally through fixing ring 35, bushing 36, crude oil felt 37, packing ring 38, nut
39, the threaded base on bell 11 is locked finally by rotating nuts 39 to realize vacuum sealing.
As shown in Fig. 8, Fig. 4, feeding device 5 (one of innovative point of the present utility model) includes cylinder 51, feed bin lid 52, method
Blue pipe 53, flanged pipe base 54, feed conduit 55, heating tape 56, pedestal 57, thermocouple 58, rotating shaft 59, rotation paddle blade 590, rotation
Turn charging pallet 591, rotate handle 592 and observation window 593.Wherein, cylinder 51 is bolted group with feed bin lid 52
Into feeding chamber main body, flanged pipe 53 and feeding chamber welding it is integral, flanged pipe base 54 welded with feed conduit 55 it is integral,
Flanged pipe base 54 is fastened by bolts with bell 11 makes feeding device 5 be fixed on the top of bell 11.The center of feeding device 5 is
Rotary feeding pallet 591, rotate handle 592 and be located at the outside of cylinder 51 and be connected to one end of joining beam 594, joining beam 594 passes through
Simultaneously its other end is coupled the barrel of cylinder 51 with the rotary feeding pallet 591 inside cylinder 51, turns so as to pass through rotation
Handle 592 is moved to control the angle of inclination of rotary feeding pallet 591, the inner bottom part side of rotary feeding pallet 591 is welded with hook and slot
595.It is set to be rotated extremely (relative to Fig. 8 state) clockwise by the synchronous rotary charging pallet 591 of external rotating handle 592
The SiC powder being pre-loaded into inside it is tilted and poured out, and completes to feed intake to SiC powder.In next step, when technique needs, by outer
The synchronous rotary charging pallet 591 that portion rotates handle 592 rotates counterclockwise to it to collide with described rotation paddle blade 590, hook
The alterant being pre-loaded into inside groove 595, which tilts, to be poured out into charging pallet 591, then operation clockwise again, you can realizing to become
Matter agent is secondary to be added to reaction system.Whole process operates under vacuum conditions all the time.
Rotating shaft 59 by screw threads for fastening, rotating shaft 59 can be turned through pedestal 57, feed bin lid 52 and with rotation paddle blade 590
Dynamic rotation paddle blade 590.Heating tape 56 is disposed with around cylinder 51 and is used for heat supply.
Sealing structure is provided between rotating shaft 59 and feed bin lid 52, with reference to the sealing knot between agitating device 3 and bell 11
Structure.
Sealing structure is provided between joining beam 594 and cylinder 51, with reference to the sealing knot between agitating device 3 and bell 11
Structure.
As shown in figure 4, KF (full name are used between the body of heater 12 and vacuum system 6：It is the fast acting flange of vacuum clamp formula,
It is already belonging to prior art) interface connection；The vacuum system 6 includes a TRP-60 pump and some vacuum valves, by pipeline
Connection, realization vacuumize adjustable；Also include thermocouple vacuum gauge, the vacuum valve is operated pneumatic valve, and vacuum system 6 is true by thermocouple
Sky meter measurement of vacuum.
The utility model is installed and start-up course：Fall graphite crucible 16 to be put into wherein ZL111 alloys, then crucible is answered
Position and Sealing furnace bottom 13, feeding device 5 is opened, previously prepared SiC powder and appropriate alterant is added and seals.Open vacuum machine
Group power supply sets vacuum.The heating power supply of body of heater 12 and the power supply of heating tape 56 are opened, temperature is set.Filled in resistance furnace and charging
Put and thermocouple is installed to measure the actual temperature in stove with powder respectively in 5.Open the stepping electricity being connected with stirring hoistable platform 4
The power supply of machine 41, falls graphite stirring paddle 34, and graphite stirring paddle 34 drives melt to rotate.Produce and push away in matrix alloy liquid is melted
Enter formula vortex.Rotating rotary feeding pallet 591 drives SiC powder to fall into bath surface whirlpool along feed conduit 55.
SiC particulate surface is modified
2.1 surface modification theories
For SiC particulate as the important component that reinforcer is metal-base composites, it is strong that it plays raising metallic matrix
Degree, modulus, heat resistance, wearability etc. act on.Under normal circumstances, do not infiltrate mutually, and answer between SiC particulate and aluminium liquid
The performance of condensation material, particularly mechanical property, depend not only on matrix and the respective performance of reinforcement, largely also according to
Rely the compatibility between matrix and reinforcement, i.e. interface bonding state.In addition, SiC and Al liquid can occur under the high temperature conditions
Interface adverse reaction produces Al4C3, Al4C3It is brittlement phase, and water can be with chemically reactive, its generation can seriously damage material
Mechanical property, make material be easy to corrode.What the utility model was taken is to be stirred under vacuum casting to prepare SiC particulate aluminum-base composite
Material, matrix is in molten condition in preparation process, therefore molten metal is to the direct shadow of surface modification technology of SiC reinforcements
Ring the interface bonding state between the two.
In order to improve the wetability between SiC particulate and parent metal liquation, the generation of interface adverse reaction, technique are avoided
It is middle to use 10% hydrofluoric acid pickling and absolute ethyl alcohol ultrasonic cleaning SiC particulate surface, then high temperature sintering to handle.SiC particulate is existed
850 DEG C carry out the processing of 3-5 hours sintering oxidations, and repeatedly stir, and can form certain thickness and uniformly in SiC particle surfaces
The SiO of distribution2Oxide-film, one side SiO2SiC and Al liquid wetability are improved, on the other hand, passes through interfacial reaction SiO2
It can react to form the MgAl with protective effect with matrix2O4Particle, MgAl2O4Avoided while interface wet ability is improved
Al4C3Formed.
Surface modification reaction and the reaction of melt median surface can be represented with following reaction equation respectively：
SiC+O2→SiO2+CO2 (1)
SiO2+Al+1/2Mg→1/2MgAl2O4+Si (2)
SiO2+4/3Al→2/3Al2O3+Si (3)
SiC+4/3Al→Si+1/3Al4C3 (4)
It is worth noting that the product SiO of reaction (1)2When excessive, SiC can be caused in the composite finally prepared
The associativity of grain and matrix alloy has a negative impact.And react the product SiO of (1)2When insufficient, it can be harmful in the melt
Interfacial reaction (4), form brittlement phase Al4C3, itself and water, by the mechanical property of serious infringement material, can be made with chemically reactive
Material is easy to corrode.Therefore, in the preparation process of SiC particulate reinforced aluminum matrix composites, the sintering temperature of SiC particulate and time
It is appropriate, and to allow oxide-film to be uniformly distributed in SiC particle surfaces.
2.2 surface modification technology
1 specific surface modifying method of the present embodiment is as follows：320gSiC is added in beaker, pours into the 10% of 200ml
Hydrofluoric acid solution, it is put on magnetic stirring apparatus and stirs 2 hours；By the SiC turbid filtered on buchner funnel after pickling, steaming is added
Filtered after distilled water stirring, washing is several times to neutral；200ml absolute ethyl alcohols will be added in SiC after washing, and it is ultrasonic 2 hours；
Filtering drying；After drying, SiC powder is put into Muffle furnace, 850 DEG C sinter 4 hours, stir per hour once；After sintering
SiC powder pulverizes the reunion powder agglomates formed after sintering by the screen cloth of certain mesh number；Finally by SiC powder in 450 DEG C of baking and thermal insulations,
Surface, which is modified, terminates.
The present embodiment 1 finally obtains purpose material, and component is characterized as：Volume fraction 79.5%ZL111 alloys, 20.5%
SiC particulate.
The operation principle of this crucible lifting formula vacuum melting furnace for preparing particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material：Prepare particle
During reinforced aluminum matrix composites, under non-vacuum condition, graphite crucible 16 is fallen by crucible lifting plateform system 2, by aluminium alloy
Ingot is put into wherein, then by platform reset, and is locked by clamping screw 190 and furnace bottom 13.Feeding device 5 is opened, by aluminium foil
After the alterant that paper bag is wrapped up in is put into the hook and slot 595 of rotary feeding pallet 591, powder is added, sealing feeder 5, opens vacuum
System 6, by vacuum pumping in body of heater 12 and feeding device 5.It will be heated up in body of heater 12, melt aluminium alloy ingots in graphite crucible 16
Change, while the powder in rotary feeding pallet 591 is heated to by proper temperature by heating tape 56, monitored and expected by thermocouple 58
Temperature in storehouse.Agitating device 3 is fallen, graphite stirring paddle 34 is opened variable-frequency motor 33, graphite close to the inner bottom part of graphite crucible 16
The blade high-speed forward stirring alloy melt of agitating paddle 34, makes melt be centrally formed stable whirlpool.Pass through rotary motion handle 592
To control the angle of inclination of rotary feeding pallet 591, powder is gradually entered melt along whirlpool center by feed conduit 55, add
After complete powder, mixing speed is reduced, being totally turned over rotary feeding pallet 591 makes the alterant of aluminium-foil paper parcel from hook and slot 595
Skid off, fall into Composite Melt.After stirring a period of time, heat up and low-speed reverse stirs Composite Melt, close to stone
The melt of the black bottom of crucible 16 flows to melt upper surface, and in the presence of inside and outside differential pressure, the bubble being mingled with melt escapes, and reaches
The purpose of degasification.Vacuum is finally shed, stable gas pressure clamping screw 190 is turned on, by graphite crucible 16 to after atmospheric pressure
Fall and take out, melt is poured into metal die and is molded.
The present embodiment relies on this special equipment, and technological operation is as follows：
(1) 1000gZL111 alloys are put into the graphite crucible of the homemade vacuum melting resistance furnace of the utility model, will
Previously prepared 320gSiC powder and 5gAl-Sr intermediate alloys alterant is added in feeding chamber, will be sealed in body of heater with charging warehouse
And it is evacuated.
(2) body of heater is warming up to 720 DEG C, while heating tape is warming up to 400 DEG C, after alloy is completely melt, fallen and stir
Device is mixed, melt is stirred with 400r/min.
(3) 710-720 DEG C of melt temperature is kept, the SiC powder in feeding chamber is gradually fallen along feed conduit, with whirlpool
Into melt, mixing speed is gradually stepped up during charging to 550r/min until charging terminates.
(4) after SiC particulate has added, furnace temperature is reduced to 640 DEG C, 400r/min is stable to be stirred 20 minutes.
(5) mixing speed is reduced, rise furnace temperature makes Melt Stability be raised to 700 DEG C, and alterant is added by feeding chamber, stable
Stirring 10 minutes, then changed mixing direction, with the reverse stirring at low speed of 180r/min 10 minutes.
(6) vacuum is shed, stable gas pressure is taken out graphite crucible, melt pours into metal die to after atmospheric pressure
Middle shaping.
(7) 490 DEG C are incubated 4 hours；500 DEG C are incubated 4 hours again；510 DEG C are incubated 8 hours again；80 DEG C of water coolings.
(8) 175 DEG C are incubated 6 hours, air cooling.
The SiC particulate reinforced aluminum matrix composites metallograph prepared by above-mentioned steps, such as Figure of description 2, Fig. 3 institutes
Show, light microscope multiplication factor respectively × 100, × 200.Black particle shape material is SiC particles in figure, grey parts
For ZL111 matrixes, silicon-carbide particle is uniformly dispersed, and reunites and segregation phenomenon without obvious, interface cohesion is good, is deposited without obvious hole
.
The performance of final products is：Density 2.75 × 103kg/m3, Brinell hardness HB=145, thermal conductivity coefficient 134.81W/
m.K.The partial properties pair that table 2 is the SiC particulate reinforced aluminum matrix composites and traditional braking disk material HT250 being prepared
Than, the results showed that, this density of material is lower, while has good heat conductivility.Table 3 is that two kinds of materials are in friction pair
Under the conditions of 35CrMoA, sliding friction speed is identical, the asynchronous wear rate contrast of plus load, the results showed that, this material is not
It is less than HT250 with wear rate under load, and it is smaller with load increase wear rate increasing degree.
The performance comparison of the SiC particulate reinforced aluminum matrix composites of table 2 and HT250
Wear rate contrasts under the SiC particulate reinforced aluminum matrix composites of table 3 and HT250 different loads
Embodiment 2
Using the special equipment as embodiment 1, according to the equipment operation mode as embodiment 1, the present embodiment is completed
It is prepared by following technique：
Matrix ZL111 alloys (being already belonging to prior art) composition is as shown in table 1, and SiC granularities are 10-20 μm,
The ZL111 alloying components of table 1
It is including step：
Step 1,1000gZL111 alloys are put into graphite crucible, by previously prepared 250gSiC powder and 4gAl-Sr
Intermediate alloy alterant is added in feeding chamber, will be sealed and is evacuated with charging warehouse in body of heater.
Previously prepared i.e. surface modification technology, the process of SiC powder are in the present embodiment 2：1) volume is added in the SiC
Fraction is 9% HF acid solutions, and magnetic agitation 2.5 hours；2) the good SiC powder of pickling is filtered, with distilled water clean to
PH is filtered after being 7；3) ethanol solution is added in the powder after pickling filtering, is cleaned by ultrasonic 2.1 hours, filters and dry
It is dry；4) after drying, SiC powder is put into Muffle furnace, 855 DEG C sinter 4.5 hours, are stirred once per half an hour；5) after sintering
SiC powder by screen cloth, pulverize the reunion powder agglomates formed after sintering；6) finally by SiC powder in 410 DEG C of baking and thermal insulations, surface changes
Property terminates.
Step 2, after alloy is completely melt, melt is stirred, bath surface is formed stable whirlpool：Body of heater is warming up to
730 DEG C, while heating tape is warming up to 430 DEG C, after alloy is completely melt, agitating device is fallen, with 360r/min to melt
It is stirred.
Step 3, SiC are added to melt：720-730 DEG C of melt temperature is kept, by the SiC powder in feeding chamber along charging
Conduit is gradually fallen, and enters melt with whirlpool, and mixing speed is gradually stepped up during charging to 500r/min until charging is whole
Only.
Step 4, reduce temperature, stable stirring：After SiC particulate has added, furnace temperature is reduced to 645 DEG C, 390r/min
Stable stirring 25 minutes.
Step 5, heating, reverse stirring at low speed：Mixing speed is reduced, rise furnace temperature makes Melt Stability be raised to 720 DEG C, led to
Cross feeding chamber and add alterant, stable stirring 7 minutes, then change mixing direction, with the reverse stirring at low speed of 170r/min 7 minutes.
Step 6, shed vacuum, cast molding：Vacuum is shed, makes in stove stable gas pressure to after atmospheric pressure, by graphite crucible
Decline, melt is poured into metal die and is molded.
Step 7, solution treatment：495 DEG C are incubated 4 hours；500 DEG C are incubated 4 hours again；510 DEG C are incubated 8 hours again；80
DEG C water cooling.
Step 8, Ageing Treatment：176 DEG C are incubated 7 hours, air cooling.
This kind is finally obtained using ZL111 alloys as matrix, the composite of the SiC particulate enhancing of certain volume fraction.Should
Material is well combined with basal body interface, strengthens even particle distribution, the defects of significantly reducing hole, be mingled with.
The present embodiment is other not to be disclosed, all can refer to embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3
Using the special equipment as embodiment 1, according to the equipment operation mode as embodiment 1, the present embodiment is completed
It is prepared by following technique：
Matrix ZL111 alloying components and embodiment 2 are same.
Preparation method is including step：
Step 1,1000gZL111 alloys are put into graphite crucible, by previously prepared 350gSiC powder and 7gAl-Sr
Intermediate alloy alterant is added in feeding chamber, will be sealed and is evacuated with charging warehouse in body of heater.
The previously prepared of the SiC powder in the present embodiment 3 is surface modification technology, and process is：1) add in the SiC
Volume fraction is 9% HF acid solutions, and magnetic agitation 3 hours；2) the good SiC powder of pickling is filtered, cleaned with distilled water
Filtered after being 6-7.2 to PH；3) ethanol solution is added in the powder after pickling filtering, be cleaned by ultrasonic 4 hours, filtering is simultaneously
Drying；4) after drying, SiC powder is put into Muffle furnace, 845 DEG C sinter 3 hours, stir per hour once；5) by after sintering
SiC powder pulverizes the reunion powder agglomates formed after sintering by the screen cloth of certain mesh number；6) finally SiC powder is protected in 400 DEG C of bakings
Temperature, surface, which is modified, terminates.
Step 2, after alloy is completely melt, melt is stirred, bath surface is formed stable whirlpool：Body of heater is warming up to
740 DEG C, while heating tape is warming up to 440 DEG C, after alloy is completely melt, agitating device is fallen, with 370r/min to melt
It is stirred.
Step 3, SiC are added to melt：740-750 DEG C of melt temperature is kept, by the SiC powder in feeding chamber along charging
Conduit is gradually fallen, and enters melt with whirlpool, and mixing speed is gradually stepped up during charging to 500r/min until charging is whole
Only.
Step 4, reduce temperature, stable stirring：After SiC particulate has added, furnace temperature is reduced to 635 DEG C, 390r/min
Stable stirring 24 minutes.
Step 5, heating, reverse stirring at low speed：Mixing speed is reduced, rise furnace temperature makes Melt Stability be raised to 730 DEG C, led to
Cross feeding chamber and add alterant, stable stirring 8 minutes, then change mixing direction, with the reverse stirring at low speed of 170r/min 8 minutes.
Step 6, shed vacuum, cast molding：Vacuum is shed, makes in stove stable gas pressure to after atmospheric pressure, by graphite crucible
Decline, melt is poured into metal die and is molded.
Step 7, solution treatment：493 DEG C are incubated 4.2 hours；502 DEG C are incubated 4.2 hours again；509 DEG C of insulations 8.2 are small again
When；70 DEG C of water coolings.
Step 8, Ageing Treatment：177 DEG C are incubated 6.5 hours, air cooling.
This kind is finally obtained using ZL111 alloys as matrix, the composite of the SiC particulate enhancing of certain volume fraction.Should
Material is well combined with basal body interface, strengthens even particle distribution, the defects of significantly reducing hole, be mingled with.
The present embodiment is other not to be disclosed, all can refer to embodiment 1.
Embodiment 4
Using the special equipment as embodiment 1, according to the equipment operation mode as embodiment 1, the present embodiment is completed
It is prepared by following technique：
Matrix ZL111 alloying components and embodiment 2 are same.
Preparation method is including step：
Step 1,1000gZL111 alloys are put into graphite crucible, by previously prepared 280gSiC powder and 6gAl-Sr
Intermediate alloy alterant is added in feeding chamber, will be sealed and is evacuated with charging warehouse in body of heater.
The previously prepared of the SiC powder in the present embodiment 4 is surface modification technology, and process is：1) add in the SiC
Volume fraction is 12% HF acid solutions, and magnetic agitation 3 hours；2) the good SiC powder of pickling is filtered, washed with distillation
Only filtered after being 6-7 to PH；3) ethanol solution is added in the powder after pickling filtering, be cleaned by ultrasonic 3 hours, filtering is simultaneously
Drying；4) after drying, SiC powder is put into Muffle furnace, 860 DEG C sinter 4.5 hours, stir per hour once；5) after sintering
SiC powder by the screen cloth of certain mesh number, pulverize the reunion powder agglomates formed after sintering；6) finally SiC powder is protected in 405 DEG C of bakings
Temperature, surface, which is modified, terminates.
Step 2, after alloy is completely melt, melt is stirred, bath surface is formed stable whirlpool：Body of heater is warming up to
740 DEG C, while heating tape is warming up to 440 DEG C, after alloy is completely melt, agitating device is fallen, with 370r/min to melt
It is stirred.
Step 3, SiC are added to melt：720-740 DEG C of melt temperature is kept, by the SiC powder in feeding chamber along charging
Conduit is gradually fallen, and enters melt with whirlpool, and mixing speed is gradually stepped up during charging to 520r/min until charging is whole
Only.
Step 4, reduce temperature, stable stirring：After SiC particulate has added, furnace temperature is reduced to 640 DEG C, 395r/min
Stable stirring 20 minutes.
Step 5, heating, reverse stirring at low speed：Mixing speed is reduced, rise furnace temperature makes Melt Stability be raised to 730 DEG C, led to
Cross feeding chamber and add alterant, stable stirring 10 minutes, then change mixing direction, divided with the reverse stirring at low speed 5 of 170r/min
Clock.
Step 6, shed vacuum, cast molding：Vacuum is shed, makes in stove stable gas pressure to after atmospheric pressure, by graphite crucible
Decline, melt is poured into metal die and is molded.
Step 7, solution treatment：495 DEG C are incubated 5 hours；495 DEG C are incubated 4.2 hours again；513 DEG C are incubated 9 hours again；90
DEG C water cooling.
Step 8, Ageing Treatment：177 DEG C are incubated 5.5 hours, air cooling.
This kind is finally obtained using ZL111 alloys as matrix, the composite of the SiC particulate enhancing of certain volume fraction.Should
Material is well combined with basal body interface, strengthens even particle distribution, the defects of significantly reducing hole, be mingled with.
The present embodiment is other not to be disclosed, all can refer to embodiment 1.
Embodiment 5
Using the special equipment as embodiment 1, according to the equipment operation mode as embodiment 1, the present embodiment is completed
It is prepared by following technique：
Matrix ZL111 alloying components and embodiment 2 are same.
Step 1,1000gZL111 alloys are put into graphite crucible, by previously prepared 300gSiC powder and 2gAl-Sr
Intermediate alloy alterant is added in feeding chamber, will be sealed and is evacuated with charging warehouse in body of heater.
The previously prepared of the SiC powder in the present embodiment 5 is surface modification technology, and process is：1) add in the SiC
Volume fraction is 10% HF acid solutions, and magnetic agitation 2.5 hours；2) the good SiC powder of pickling is filtered, washed with distillation
Only filtered after being 6.7 to PH；3) ethanol solution is added in the powder after pickling filtering, is cleaned by ultrasonic 2-4 hours, filtering
And dry；4) after drying, SiC powder is put into Muffle furnace, 855 DEG C sinter 5 hours, stir per hour once；5) after sintering
SiC powder by the screen cloth of certain mesh number, pulverize the reunion powder agglomates formed after sintering；6) finally SiC powder is protected in 420 DEG C of bakings
Temperature, surface, which is modified, terminates.
Step 2, after alloy is completely melt, melt is stirred, bath surface is formed stable whirlpool：Body of heater is warming up to
750 DEG C, while heating tape is warming up to 450 DEG C, after alloy is completely melt, agitating device is fallen, with 380r/min to melt
It is stirred.
Step 3, SiC are added to melt：700-720 DEG C of melt temperature is kept, by the SiC powder in feeding chamber along charging
Conduit is gradually fallen, and enters melt with whirlpool, and mixing speed is gradually stepped up during charging to 540r/min until charging is whole
Only.
Step 4, reduce temperature, stable stirring：After SiC particulate has added, furnace temperature is reduced to 645 DEG C, 335r/min
Stable stirring 25 minutes.
Step 5, heating, reverse stirring at low speed：Mixing speed is reduced, rise furnace temperature makes Melt Stability be raised to 750 DEG C, led to
Cross feeding chamber and add alterant, stable stirring 5 minutes, then change mixing direction, with the reverse stirring at low speed of 150r/min 5 minutes.
Step 6, shed vacuum, cast molding：Vacuum is shed, makes in stove stable gas pressure to after atmospheric pressure, by graphite crucible
Decline, melt is poured into metal die and is molded.
Step 7, solution treatment：492 DEG C are incubated 3.4 hours；501 DEG C are incubated 3.4 hours again；512 DEG C are incubated 8 hours again；
65 DEG C of water coolings.
Step 8, Ageing Treatment：171 DEG C are incubated 6.5 hours, air cooling.
This kind is finally obtained using ZL111 alloys as matrix, the composite of the SiC particulate enhancing of certain volume fraction.Should
Material is well combined with basal body interface, strengthens even particle distribution, the defects of significantly reducing hole, be mingled with.
The present embodiment is other not to be disclosed, all can refer to embodiment 1.
Embodiment 6
Using the special equipment as embodiment 1, according to the equipment operation mode as embodiment 1, the present embodiment is completed
It is prepared by following technique：
Matrix ZL111 alloying components and embodiment 2 are same.
Step 1,1000gZL111 alloys are put into graphite crucible, by previously prepared 270gSiC powder and 8gAl-Sr
Intermediate alloy alterant is added in feeding chamber, will be sealed and is evacuated with charging warehouse in body of heater.
The previously prepared i.e. surface modification technology of the SiC powder in the present embodiment 6, process is with reference to embodiment 5.
Step 2, after alloy is completely melt, melt is stirred, bath surface is formed stable whirlpool：Body of heater is warming up to
700 DEG C, while heating tape is warming up to 405 DEG C, after alloy is completely melt, agitating device is fallen, with 350r/min to melt
It is stirred.
Step 3, SiC are added to melt：700-740 DEG C of melt temperature is kept, by the SiC powder in feeding chamber along charging
Conduit is gradually fallen, and enters melt with whirlpool, and mixing speed is gradually stepped up during charging to 550r/min until charging is whole
Only.
Step 4, reduce temperature, stable stirring：After SiC particulate has added, furnace temperature is reduced to 650 DEG C, 320r/min
Stable stirring 23 minutes.
Step 5, heating, reverse stirring at low speed：Mixing speed is reduced, rise furnace temperature makes Melt Stability be raised to 700 DEG C, led to
Cross feeding chamber and add alterant, stable stirring 5.5 minutes, then change mixing direction, with the reverse stirring at low speed 8.5 of 190r/min
Minute.
Step 6, shed vacuum, cast molding：Vacuum is shed, makes in stove stable gas pressure to after atmospheric pressure, by graphite crucible
Decline, melt is poured into metal die and is molded.
Step 7, solution treatment：490 DEG C are incubated 4.5 hours；495 DEG C are incubated 3 hours again；505 DEG C are incubated 8.5 hours again；
65 DEG C of water coolings.
Step 8, Ageing Treatment：173 DEG C are incubated 6.5 hours, air cooling.
This kind is finally obtained using ZL111 alloys as matrix, the composite of the SiC particulate enhancing of certain volume fraction.Should
Material is well combined with basal body interface, strengthens even particle distribution, the defects of significantly reducing hole, be mingled with.
The present embodiment is other not to be disclosed, all can refer to embodiment 1.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of crucible lifting formula vacuum melting furnace, it is characterised in that including crucible set composite and lifting platform system, stirring
It is device and lifting platform system, feeding device (5), vacuum system (6), hand-held liftable thermocouple (7), sealing system, automatically controlled
System, the crucible set composite (1) of the crucible set composite and lifting platform system are installed on its lifting platform system (2)
Upper realization vertically lifts；The agitating device (3), which is installed on, to be realized on its lifting platform system (2) and vertically lifts；
It is connected between the crucible set composite (1) and feeding device (5) by vacuum system (6)；The agitating device (3), hold
Liftable thermocouple (7) lower end can be inserted into graphite crucible (16)；The descending operation of all devices and temperature control pass through in electrical control cubicles
Electric control system controls；The sealing system is used to ensure that whole body of heater keeps good vacuum state.
2. crucible lifting formula vacuum melting furnace as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described crucible set composite (1)
Including bell (11), body of heater (12), furnace bottom (13), grate (14), heat preservation layer (15), graphite crucible (16), stool
(17), it is wholy set in burner hearth, their position relationship, annexation are：The bell (11) is located at the upper of body of heater (12)
Fang Bingyu bodies of heater (12) fasten, and the top of the bell (11) is equipped with liftable temperature temperature-measuring heat couple, agitating device (3), charging dress
Put (5)；The body of heater (12) and the furnace bottom (13) of bottom are anchored on grate (14)；Pass through between body of heater (12) and furnace bottom (13)
Bolt-connection；Heat preservation layer (15) ring is arranged in burner hearth, outside positioned at grate (14)；The grate (14) is used for branch
Support whole crucible set composite (1) and lifting platform system (2)；The graphite crucible (16) is installed in stool (17),
The lifting platform system (2) of the crucible is fastened on grate (14), and graphite crucible (16) and stool (17) pass through lifting
Stage apparatus can realize oscilaltion.
3. crucible lifting formula vacuum melting furnace as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that described crucible set composite (1)
Also include positioning pipe (18), cushion block (19), clamping screw (190), platform base (192), in the crucible set composite (1) most
Top is from top to bottom placed with graphite crucible (16), stool (17) and cushion block (19), passes through three uniform spaced 120
The positioning pipe (18) for spending angle is fixed on crucible lifting and put down through the stool (17), cushion block (19), the positioning pipe (18)
On the steel plate of platform base (192).
4. crucible lifting formula vacuum melting furnace as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that also including O-ring seal (191),
Furnace bottom (13) sets O-ring seal (191) with the platform base (192), and platform base (192) and furnace bottom (13) are passed through into lock
Tight bolt (190) fastening realizes that burner hearth bottom seals, so as to ensure that burner hearth is hedged off from the outer world.
5. crucible lifting formula vacuum melting furnace as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that crucible lifting plateform system (2)
Structure design：Stepper motor (21) is fastened so that screw mandrel (23) can be with deceleration by reductor (22) and screw mandrel (23) bottom
Machine (22) output shaft synchronous is rotated, and screw mandrel (23) is threadedly coupled with nut (24), and nut (24) is tight with crucible platform base (192)
It is solid it is existing synchronous move up and down, crucible platform base (192) while fastened again with the bearing (26) on vertical guide pillar (25).
6. crucible lifting formula vacuum melting furnace as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the graphite of agitating device (3) bottom
Quarter butt (31) and the joining beam (32) on top are connected through a screw thread, and joining beam (32) is joined by keyway and the variable-frequency motor at top (33) again
Connect, the bottom of graphite quarter butt (31) is provided with graphite stirring paddle (34), and positive and negative bi-directional variable speed stirring can be achieved in agitating device (3).
7. crucible lifting formula vacuum melting furnace as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that stirring jacking system (4) design：Step
Stepper motor (41) is fastened so that screw mandrel (43) can export with reductor (42) by reductor (42) and screw mandrel (43) bottom
Axle synchronous rotary, screw mandrel (43) are threadedly coupled with nut (44), nut (44), variable-frequency motor (33) and horizontal connection frame (45) three
Person's fastening realizes that three synchronously moves up and down, horizontal connection frame (45) while tight with the bearing (47) on vertical guide pillar (46) again
Gu.
8. crucible lifting formula vacuum melting furnace as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that feeding device (5) includes cylinder
(51), feed bin lid (52), flanged pipe (53), flanged pipe base (54), feed conduit (55), heating tape (56), pedestal (57), heat
Galvanic couple (58), rotating shaft (59), rotation paddle blade (590), rotary feeding pallet (591), rotation handle (592) and observation window
(593)；Wherein, cylinder (51) is bolted composition feeding chamber main body, flanged pipe (53) and feeding chamber with feed bin lid (52)
Weld integral, flanged pipe base (54) and feed conduit (55) welding are integral, and flanged pipe base (54) and bell (11) are logical
Crossing bolt fastening makes feeding device (5) be fixed on above bell (11)；Feeding device (5) center is rotary feeding pallet (591),
Rotate handle (592) to be located at the outside of cylinder (51) and be connected to one end of joining beam (594), joining beam (594) passes through cylinder (51)
Simultaneously its other end is coupled barrel with positioned at the internal rotary feeding pallet (591) of cylinder (51), so as to pass through rotary motion
Handle (592) controls rotary feeding pallet (591) angle of inclination, and rotary feeding pallet (591) the inner bottom part side is welded with
Hook and slot (595)；Rotating shaft (59) by screw threads for fastening, rotation is turned through pedestal (57), feed bin lid (52) and with rotation paddle blade (590)
Axle (59) can rotate rotation paddle blade (590)；Heating tape (56), which is disposed with, around cylinder (51) is used for heat supply.
9. crucible lifting formula vacuum melting furnace as claimed in claim 8, it is characterised in that pass through external rotating handle (592)
Synchronous rotary charging pallet (591) make it be rotated clockwise to the SiC powder that is pre-loaded into inside it and tilt to pour out, complete pair
SiC powder feeds intake；In next step, when technique needs, the synchronous rotary charging pallet of external rotating handle (592) is passed through
(591) rotate counterclockwise to it with the collision of described rotation paddle blade (590), the internal alterant being pre-loaded into of hook and slot (595) to incline
Ramp down goes out to enter charging pallet (591), then operation clockwise again, you can realizes and adds alterant is secondary to reaction system；
Whole process operates under vacuum conditions all the time.
10. crucible lifting formula vacuum melting furnace as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the body of heater (12) and vacuum system
Connected between system (6) using KF interfaces；The vacuum system (6) includes a TRP-60 pump and some vacuum valves, by pipe
Road connects, and realization vacuumizes adjustable；Also include thermocouple vacuum gauge, the vacuum valve is operated pneumatic valve, and vacuum system (6) is by heat
Even vacuum meter measurement of vacuum.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201720276241.8U CN206624907U (en) | 2017-03-21 | 2017-03-21 | Crucible lifting formula vacuum melting furnace |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201720276241.8U CN206624907U (en) | 2017-03-21 | 2017-03-21 | Crucible lifting formula vacuum melting furnace |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN206624907U true CN206624907U (en) | 2017-11-10 |
Family
ID=60209034
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201720276241.8U Active CN206624907U (en) | 2017-03-21 | 2017-03-21 | Crucible lifting formula vacuum melting furnace |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN206624907U (en) |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107058785A (en) * | 2017-03-21 | 2017-08-18 | 湖北玉立恒洋新材料科技有限公司 | SiC particulate reinforced aluminum matrix composites preparation method |
| CN109855427A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-06-07 | 河北丰维机械制造有限公司 | A kind of vacuum melting furnace with agitating function |
| CN110947938A (en) * | 2020-02-26 | 2020-04-03 | 莱州润昇石油设备有限公司 | Vacuum hot shell casting device and working method |
| CN110967371A (en) * | 2018-09-29 | 2020-04-07 | 湖南三德科技股份有限公司 | Oxygen bomb capable of automatically taking and placing crucible |
| CN111074109A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-04-28 | 北京天宜上佳高新材料股份有限公司 | Biphase ceramic particle reinforced aluminum-based composite material, brake drum and preparation method thereof |
| CN111701506A (en) * | 2020-06-10 | 2020-09-25 | 合肥百思新材料研究院有限公司 | High vacuum stirring equipment for organic material synthesis and rapid heat dissipation |
| CN112033154A (en) * | 2020-08-18 | 2020-12-04 | 合肥科晶材料技术有限公司 | High vacuum alloy casting furnace with mechanical stirring function |
| CN112442609A (en) * | 2020-11-05 | 2021-03-05 | 王兴阳 | Aluminum alloy smelting method |
-
2017
- 2017-03-21 CN CN201720276241.8U patent/CN206624907U/en active Active
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107058785A (en) * | 2017-03-21 | 2017-08-18 | 湖北玉立恒洋新材料科技有限公司 | SiC particulate reinforced aluminum matrix composites preparation method |
| CN107058785B (en) * | 2017-03-21 | 2018-07-20 | 湖北玉立恒洋新材料科技有限公司 | SiC particulate reinforced aluminum matrix composites preparation method |
| CN110967371A (en) * | 2018-09-29 | 2020-04-07 | 湖南三德科技股份有限公司 | Oxygen bomb capable of automatically taking and placing crucible |
| CN109855427A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-06-07 | 河北丰维机械制造有限公司 | A kind of vacuum melting furnace with agitating function |
| CN111074109A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-04-28 | 北京天宜上佳高新材料股份有限公司 | Biphase ceramic particle reinforced aluminum-based composite material, brake drum and preparation method thereof |
| CN110947938A (en) * | 2020-02-26 | 2020-04-03 | 莱州润昇石油设备有限公司 | Vacuum hot shell casting device and working method |
| CN111701506A (en) * | 2020-06-10 | 2020-09-25 | 合肥百思新材料研究院有限公司 | High vacuum stirring equipment for organic material synthesis and rapid heat dissipation |
| CN112033154A (en) * | 2020-08-18 | 2020-12-04 | 合肥科晶材料技术有限公司 | High vacuum alloy casting furnace with mechanical stirring function |
| CN112442609A (en) * | 2020-11-05 | 2021-03-05 | 王兴阳 | Aluminum alloy smelting method |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN107058785B (en) | SiC particulate reinforced aluminum matrix composites preparation method | |
| CN206624907U (en) | Crucible lifting formula vacuum melting furnace | |
| CN106521252B (en) | Train brake disk enhancing aluminum-base composite material by silicon carbide particles and preparation method | |
| CN103866154B (en) | In a kind of composite, micro-nano granules strengthens the Dispersed precipitate method of phase | |
| CN107604193B (en) | A kind of manufacturing process of nanoparticle reinforced aluminum-based composite | |
| CN103031463B (en) | Device and method for preparing nanometer ceramic particle-reinforced aluminum-based composite | |
| CN106086530B (en) | The preparation method and its device of a kind of in-situ Al-base composition | |
| CN101829777A (en) | Process and equipment for preparing nanoparticle-reinforced metal matrix composite material | |
| CN101792876A (en) | Aluminum-based composite material for composite pan bottom of stainless steel pan and preparation method thereof | |
| CN106676335A (en) | Graphene, aluminum and silicon carbide composite material and preparation method and application thereof | |
| CN102925737B (en) | Nano TiB2 particle reinforced metal-base composite material and preparation method thereof | |
| CN106064242A (en) | A kind of SPS of employing prepares the method for SiC particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material | |
| Luo et al. | Theory and application research development of semi-solid forming in China | |
| CN106119587A (en) | A kind of preparation method of the aluminum matrix composite of effective interpolation CNT | |
| CN101613809B (en) | Device for preparing particle reinforcing metal based compound material | |
| CN113088730B (en) | High-thermal-conductivity and high-strength particle-reinforced cast aluminum alloy and preparation method thereof | |
| CN110129624A (en) | A kind of SiC-Al3The preparation method of Ti reinforced aluminum matrix composites | |
| CN114164354A (en) | Preparation method of silicon carbide particle reinforced aluminum matrix composite | |
| CN101733368B (en) | Method for preparing metal-based composite material | |
| CN106048287A (en) | Preparing method of particle-enhanced aluminum matrix composite material | |
| CN110343895A (en) | TiB in situ2The preparation method of particle REINFORCED Al Cu based composites | |
| CN114288895A (en) | High-temperature alloy casting mechanical stirring equipment | |
| CN106367696A (en) | Preparation method for crystal whisker carbon nano tubes coated with aluminum oxide/magnesium matrix composite semi-solid billets | |
| CN105483418B (en) | A kind of high-temperature stirring prepares the device and method of aluminum matrix composite | |
| CN206869045U (en) | A kind of two-way cooling dynamic pours into a mould the device of composite ingot |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| TR01 | Transfer of patent right |
Effective date of registration: 20190130 Address after: 215200 East of Chang'an Road, Wujiang Economic and Technological Development Zone, Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province (in Wujiang Science and Technology Pioneering Park) Patentee after: SUZHOU WUCHUANG MATERIAL TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT CO., LTD. Address before: 437405 Yuli Industrial Park, Fanpai New City, Shinan Town, Tongcheng County, Xianning City, Hubei Province Patentee before: Hubei Yuli Hengyang new Mstar Technology Ltd |
|
| TR01 | Transfer of patent right |